中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark单元词汇学案
Section A
(
巧记妙背
)
1. humorous 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
拼写法： humo虎摸（抚摸）+rou肉+s（复数）=挠痒痒=有幽默感
笑话：你是哪里人？”“H开头的，你猜？”“湖南？河南？湖北？河北？……”“都不对，我是福（hu）建的啦！（福建人HF不分）
词根：humor 滑稽；幽默;
humor 体液，心情，幽默，诙谐
来自拉丁语umor,体液，来自umere,湿的，词源同humid.在古代指人体的四种体液，即blood,phlegm,choler,black bile,血液，黏液，胆汁液，黑胆汁液，这四种体液的组合和多寡决定人的性格，心境，情绪，同时，这四种体液的组合虽然基本固定，但也会发生变化，从而人的心情也随之发生变化，引申词义兴致，心血来潮，纵容等词义，并同时引申词义逗笑的能力，即幽默感。20世纪初学者严复将该词翻译为幽默并广为流传。
语境例句：The humorous star is silent from time to time(有时).
2. silent 不说话的；沉默的
拼背法：si死+lent借=管我借钱？死也不借给你，就是不说话，沉默是金。
1. quiet 表示“安静的”、“寂静的”。指物时，表示没有喧闹或没有骚动，处于一种静止的状态或宁静的环境；指人时，表示不发出声音或不发表意见，也可指人的性格温和、文静、不易激动等。
2. silent 着重指沉默无语或没有声音，但不一定指没有动作或活动，如 a silent film 指无声电影，a silent machine 指没有噪音的机器，read silently 指默读，等等。
3. still 主要指完全无声或完全无动作，通常用于物理上的静止，不表示心理上的平静。
4. calm 表示的“静”主要指天气、海洋等处于一种风平浪静的状态；若用于人，则指镇静或不慌张。
3. helpful 有用的；有帮助的
4. from time to time 有时；时常
at times 强调“时常，不时”。from time to time 强调“时而，有时'.频率不同
5. score 得分；进球
词根core果核，核心，s四+core核的手机，跑了多少分
6. background 背景
拼背法：back后退+ground地面=后面的背景
7. interview 采访；面试；访谈
词根词缀：inter内+view看=不能以貌取人，需要深入内心的看一个人=采访；面试
8. Asian 亚洲人；亚洲的
9. deal 对付；对待
拼背法：de的al案例=如何处理这个案例？ 固定搭配： deal with应对；处理
第三人称单数：deals 复数：deals 现在分词：dealing 过去式：dealt 过去分词：dealt
10. shyness 害羞；腼腆
词根词缀：shy害羞+ness（名词后缀）
11. dare 敢于；胆敢
拼背法：dare大热=大热的天，你敢出去？
12. crowd 人群；观众
13. ton 吨；大量；许多
缩写成t 吨。
14. private 私人的；私密的
拼背法：pri平日+v5+ate（eat的过去式）=平日里吃五顿饭的事，你别说出去，这是我私人的秘密。
反义词：unprivate ； public公开的
15. guard 警卫；看守；保卫；守卫
拼背法：雇gu+俺a+肉盾rd=雇俺当肉盾=警卫
挂gua+肉盾rd=警卫就是挂在财主前面的肉盾
16. require 需求；要求
拼背法：re再qu去+ire（火fire）=被要求再去一次（发火）
区别：demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思.require表示“要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”.request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求”
语境例句：The general requires( v. 要求) a private（adj. 私密的；私人的）guard.
European 欧洲人；欧洲的
European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人
语境例句：Darwin(达尔文) is an European scientist.
18. African 非洲人；非洲的
19. British 英国的
British是英国人的意思，其词根是Brit-而相应的就衍生出了：Briton n. 英国人;大不列颠人British adj. 英国的;英国人的;大不列颠的; n. 英国人
British adj.英国的
语境例句：People in Britain speak British English.
20. speech 讲话；发言
拼背法：sp三炮+ee（眼睛）+ch（吃）=三炮口吃，瞪着眼睛在讲台上说不出话来。
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说, talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话.
21. public 民众；公开的；公众的 in public 公开地；在别人面前
拼背法：瀑布pub+里li+c厕所=瀑布里，本来是花果山的水帘洞，现在改成了公共的厕所
(
即学即练
即学
)
根据首字母填空
1．He has an i________ next week for the manager’s job.
【答案】(i)nterview
【详解】句意：他下周要面试经理一职。根据“...for the manager’s job”及首字母可知，应是指经理一职的面试，interview“面试”，an后跟单数名词，故填(i)nterview.
2．Don’t ask that two girls what they are talking about. It’s a p ________ conversation.
【答案】(p)rivate
【详解】句意：别问那两个女孩在说什么。这是一次私人谈话。根据“Don’t ask that two girls what they are talking about.”及所给首字母可知空缺处应为private“私人的”，故填(p)rivate。
3．The actor is really h________ and his jokes can always make us laugh.
【答案】(h)umorous
【详解】句意：这位演员很幽默，他开的玩笑经常让我们大笑。根据“his jokes can always make us laugh”可知此处需要形容词作表语表达“幽默的”，humorous“幽默的”。故填(h)umorous。
4．They all keep s________ about the matter, for it’s a secret between them.
【答案】(s)ilent
【详解】句意：他们都对这件事守口如瓶，因为这是他们之间的秘密。根据“keep”可知， 此处需填形容词。结合首字母和“for it’s a secret between them.”可知，考查形容词silent“沉默的”，作表语。故填(s)ilent。
5．France is a E________ country.
【答案】(E)uropean
【详解】句意：法国是一个欧洲国家。根据“a…country”可知空格处需要填形容词来修饰名词。根据常识可知法国是欧洲国家，又结合所给首字母可知，应填European“欧洲的”，故填(E)uropean。
6．—Hey, Tom, you’re making noise. You should be polite in p________.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ve got it.
【答案】(p)ublic
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你太吵了。在公共场合你应该有礼貌。——对不起，妈妈。我知道了。根据“Hey, Tom, you’re making noise. You should be polite in...”及结合首字母提示可知，此处是妈妈提醒汤姆在公共场合不能太吵，要有礼貌。in public“在公共场合”，固定短语。故填(p)ublic。
7．Tim studied hard and got good s________ on his exams.
【答案】(s)cores
【详解】句意：蒂姆学习很努力，考试成绩很好。根据“Tim studied hard and got good s...on his exams.”可知，是取得好成绩，get good scores“取得好成绩”，故填(s)cores。
8．Success r________a lot of hard work and talents.
【答案】(r)equires
【详解】句意：成功需要很多努力和天赋。根据对句子结构的分析可知，句子缺少谓语，所以设空处需填入谓语动词。结合句意可知，此动词表“需要”。根据首字母提示可知，此动词首字母为r。require“需要”符合条件。由于句子陈述的是客观事实，时态需用一般现在时，主语Success为不可数名词，所以，谓语需用三单。故填(r)equires。
9．Martin Luther King gave a s________ I Have a Dream to people in public in 1963.
【答案】(s)peech
【详解】句意：1963年，马丁·路德·金在公共场合发表了《我有一个梦想》的演讲。分析句子可知，此处缺少一个单数名词，在此处作宾语。再结合“I Have a Dream”和首字母s可知，应该是马丁·路德·金的演讲。故填(s)peech。
10．Do you prefer American English or B________ English
【答案】(B)ritish
【详解】句意：你喜欢美国英语还是英国英语？由前面的提示词American English及所给的首字母可知，这里指英国英语，British English意为“英国英语”。故填(B)ritish。
根据汉语提示填空
11．Please keep ________ (寂静的). The baby is sleeping.
【答案】silent/quiet
【详解】句意：请保持安静。婴儿在睡觉。“寂静的”silent/quiet，形容词作表语，故填silent/quiet。
12．—You wash the car and I’ll let you use it today.
— ________ (说定了) !
【答案】Deal
【详解】句意：——你洗车，我今天就让你用。——说定了！表达“说定了”用deal，首字母大写。故填Deal。
13．French President Emmanuel Macron gave a ________ (演讲) at Sun Yat-sen University on April 7, 2023.
【答案】speech
【详解】句意：2023年4月7日，法国总统马克龙在中山大学发表演讲。speech“演讲”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填speech。
14．He often tells ________ (幽默的) stories to us. He always makes us laugh.
【答案】humorous
【详解】句意：他经常给我们讲幽默的故事。他总是逗我们笑。根据中文提示可知，需要形容词作定语，humorous“幽默的”符合句意，故填humorous。
15．These pets ______ (需要) a lot of care and attention.
【答案】require
【详解】句意：这些宠物需要很多的照顾和关注。require“需要”，主语是复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填require。
16．Too much stress is harmful to your health. You need to ________ (保卫) against it early.
【答案】guard
【详解】句意：压力太大对你的健康有害。你需要及早防范。根据汉语提示“保卫”可知，其对应的英文表达是guard，need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故填guard。
17．Many people are nervous about speaking ________ (公开地).
【答案】in public
【详解】句意：许多人对在公共场合讲话感到紧张。in public为固定搭配，意为“公开地”，符合句意，故填in public。
18．If a child attends a ________ (私有的) school, parents will pay the school for the child’s education.
【答案】private
【详解】句意：如果孩子就读于私立学校，父母将为孩子的教育支付费用。private“私有的”，是形容词，作定语，修饰名词“school”。故填private。
19．He knew that the South ________ (非洲的) government was trying to change its image so that it could take part in the Olympic Games.
【答案】African
【详解】句意：他知道南非政府正试图改变自己的形象，以便能够参加奥运会。根据中文提示可知，此处考查形容词African“非洲的”，作定语修饰名词government“政府”。故填African。
20．When you think of Venice, does it bring any other ________（欧洲的）city to your mind
【答案】European
【详解】句意：当你想到威尼斯时，你脑海中是否浮现了其他欧洲城市呢？根据“欧洲的”可知此处应用形容词European修饰名词city。故填European。
Section B
(
巧记妙背
)
22. ant 蚂蚁
拼背法：安踏ant
23. insect 昆虫
拼背法：in（里）+s（蛇）+ect 二餐厅 学校的二餐厅里有蛇=名叫做昆虫
in（里）+se（蛇）+ct餐厅 昆虫在蛇的肚子里开餐厅
语境例句：I used to catch ants and watch insects when I was a child.
24. seldom 不常；很少
拼背法：s（蛇）el（饿了）dom（冬眠） 蛇都是吃饱了冬眠，很少饿了还冬眠。
25. influence 影响
拼背法：in（里）flu（俘虏）e鹅nce女厕
我在女厕所里俘虏了一只鹅，造成了很坏的影响
26. absent 缺席；不在
拼背法：ab阿爸+sent出去了=阿爸出去了=不在
27. fail 不及格；失败；未能（做到）
拼背法：罚fa+i+l了=考试考“i”我没有及格被罚了
第三人称单数：fails 现在分词：failing 过去式：failed 过去分词：failed
28. examination 考试；审查
拼背法：ex二熊amina阿米娜tion（名词后缀） 遇到了老师阿米娜，被考试了！！！
1、examination通常指正式考试，如期bai终考试、入学考试等。
2、exam是examination的缩写式，常用于学生口语中。
语境例句：I used to fail the examination.
29. boarding school寄宿学校
30. in person亲身；亲自
语境例句：His parents used to go to the boarding school in person (亲自；本身)to see his son.
a boarding (adj.寄宿制的)school
31. exactly 确切地；精确地
拼背法：e鹅xa喜爱ct餐厅+ly形容词后缀 鹅很精确的找到了它喜爱餐厅
32. pride 自豪；骄傲 take pride in 为…感到自豪
拼背法：pri平日de的 想和太阳肩并肩=平日的=自豪；骄傲
33. proud 自豪的；骄傲的 be proud of 为…骄傲；感到自豪
拼背法：prou飘柔d的 头发飘柔的=很自豪；骄傲
pride和proud的区别：
1、词性不同pride作为名词和动词使用，而proud作为形容词使用。
2、形容对象有所区别proud除了描述人的自豪意外，还可以修饰壮观盛大的场景。
3、常用结构不同pride oneself on固定搭配表示自傲，be proud of sth.为某事感到自豪。
34. general 总的；普遍的；常规的；将军
拼背法：跟gen鹅e让梨ral 跟鹅让梨=我弟弟外号“鹅”，给弟弟让梨是日常的操作
general用作名词的意思是“将军”,在英国尤指“陆军上将”,是可数名词。
in general的意思是“大体上”,可用在复数名词后作定语,或用作状语修饰全句。
35. introduction 介绍
拼背法：in里+tr天然+od殴打+uc（浏览器）+tion名词后缀 UC浏览器里有天然被殴打的介绍
introduce介绍，intro-里面，“介绍”需要“引入” (
即学即练
即学
)
根据首字母填空
1．I won the first prize in the English test, so my mother was p________ of me.
【答案】(p)roud
【详解】句意：我在英语测试中得了一等奖，所以我妈妈为我感到骄傲。根据“I won the first prize in the English test”可知，妈妈会感到骄傲，be proud of“为……而自豪/骄傲”。故填(p)roud。
2．The first flight of C919 is a great success and we take p_________ in it.
【答案】(p)ride
【详解】句意：C919的首飞取得了巨大成功，我们为此感到自豪。根据“The first flight of C919 is a great success”可知，C919的首飞取得了巨大成功，我们应该感到自豪，结合首字母可知应该是take pride in“以……自豪”。故填(p)ride。
3．Sally is such a careful girl that she s________ makes spelling mistakes.
【答案】(s)eldom
【详解】句意：萨莉是一个非常细心的女孩，她很少犯拼写错误。根据“Sally is such a careful girl that she s...makes spelling mistakes.”可知，很少犯拼写错误，seldom“很少”，在句中作状语。故填(s)eldom。
4．People must tell the position e________ when calling 120 so that they can get help in time.
【答案】(e)xactly
【详解】句意：人们在拨打120时必须准确说出位置，以便他们能够及时得到帮助。根据“tell the position…when calling 120”可知打120时应准确说出位置，结合首字母提示可知空格处应用副词exactly“准确地”。故填(e)xactly。
5．Don’t drink too much coke. It will have a bad i________ on your teeth.
【答案】(i)nfluence
【详解】句意：不要喝太多可乐。它会对你的牙齿产生不良影响。根据“It will have a bad...on your teeth”可知可乐对牙齿有不好的影响，a后加名词单数influence“影响”。故填(i)nfluence。
6．The main character Yue Fei in the movie Full River Red was a g________ who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty.
【答案】(g)eneral
【详解】句意：电影《满江红》中的主角岳飞是一位生活在南宋时期的将军。根据“Yue Fei in the movie Full River Red was...who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty”以及常识可知岳飞是一个将军，a后加可数名词单数general“将军”。故填(g)eneral。
7．Anita was a________ from the meeting yesterday because she was ill and went to the hospital.
【答案】(a)bsent
【详解】句意：安妮塔昨天缺席了会议，因为她病了，去了医院。根据“because she was ill and went to the hospital”可知，安妮塔去了医院，所以推知空处表达“缺席”用短语be absent from。故填(a)bsent。
8．—Why did John look unhappy
—Because he f________ the exam.
【答案】(f)ailed
【详解】句意：——为什么约翰看起来不高兴？——因为他考试不及格。根据“Why did John look unhappy ”及首字母可知，约翰不开心是因为考试不及格，fail“失败”，动词，问句是一般过去时，答语中的谓语动词也应用过去式，fail的过去式为failed。故填(f)ailed。
9．—More and more people come to visit the Great Wall every year.
—That’s true. It has become the p________ of China.
【答案】(p)ride
【详解】句意：——每年都有越来越多的人来参观长城。——没错。它已成为中国的骄傲。根据“More and more people come to visit the Great Wall every year.”及首字母提示可知长城是中国的骄傲，pride“自豪，骄傲”，the pride of…“……的骄傲”。故填(p)ride。
10．My grandfather’s optimism (乐观) has a great i________ on me in my life.
【答案】(i)nfluence
【详解】句意：我祖父的乐观态度对我的生活有很大影响。根据“has a great”首字母提示可知，have a great influence on sb.“对某人有很大影响” 。故填(i)nfluence。
根据汉语提示填空
11．When the Shenzhou 16 sent our astronauts into space, we Chinese people felt so ________ (自豪的) .
【答案】proud
【详解】句意：当神舟16号把我们的宇航员送入太空时，我们中国人感到非常自豪。proud“自豪的”，形容词作表语，故填proud。
12．He said he was not ________ (完全地) understood.
【答案】completely/exactly
【详解】句意：他说他没有完全被理解。completely/exactly“完全地”，副词修饰动词understood，故填completely/exactly。
13．Sally is such a careful girl that she ________ (极少) makes spelling mistakes.
【答案】seldom
【详解】句意：萨莉是一个非常细心的女孩，她很少犯拼写错误。根据“Sally is such a careful girl that she…makes spelling mistakes.”可知，这里填副词，seldom“很少”，在句中作状语。故填seldom。
14．Our country has a __________ (骄傲的) record of sporting achievement.
【答案】proud
【详解】句意：我国在体育运动方面取得了骄人的成绩。修饰名词record用形容词proud“骄傲的”。故填proud。
15．China has helped over 90 million people out of poverty (贫困). We take ________ (骄傲) in our country!
【答案】pride
【详解】句意：中国已经帮助超过9千万人脱贫。我们为我们的国家骄傲。根据take和in可知，此处是固定表达take pride in“为……骄傲”。故填pride。
16．If you have trouble learning English, you should ask teachers for help ________.（亲自）
【答案】in person/by yourself/by yourselves
【详解】句意：如果你（们）在学习英语方面遇到困难，你（们）应该亲自向老师寻求帮助。“亲自”的英文表达为“in person”或“by oneself”，根据句意，文中的“you”，可以是“你”也可以是“你们”，故填in person/by yourself/by yourselves。
17．Mrs. Brown is ________ (缺席的) from the meeting because her son is ill.
【答案】absent
【详解】句意：布朗太太缺席会议是因为她的儿子病了。absent“缺席的”，形容词作表语，故填absent。
18．There was a _______ (普遍的) expectation that he would win. In fact he failed.
【答案】general
【详解】句意：普遍的期望是他会赢。实际上他输了。结合所给提示与空格前的不定冠词a，可知应用辅音音素开头的形容词，general是辅音音素开头，表示“普遍的”。故填general。
19．The novel coronal virus（新冠病毒）had a very deep ________（影响）on almost all the countries.
【答案】influence
【详解】句意：新型冠状病毒几乎对所有国家都产生了非常深刻的影响。根据“The novel coronal virus（新冠病毒）had a very deep…”可知，空处用名词单数形式，influence“影响”。故填influence。
20．Look! The ________ (蚂蚁) is carrying a leaf.
【答案】ant
【详解】句意：看！蚂蚁正拿着一片叶子。ant“蚂蚁”，根据is可知，此空应填单数形式，故填ant。
(
进阶练习
)
1．Unit 4 Section A 2d
Alfred: This party is ________ a great idea!
Gina: I agree. It’s been three years since we last _____ (see) our primary school classmates.
Alfred: It’s ________ (interest) to see how people have changed.
Gina: Billy _________ (change) so much! He used to be so shy and quiet.
Alfred: Yeah, his face always ________ (turn) red when he talked _______ girls!
Gina: I used to see him _______ (read) in the library every day.
Alfred: That’s _________ he was a really good student. He studied hard and got good scores on his exams.
Gina: Did he use ________ (wear) glasses
Alfred: Yes, and he used to be thin, too. ______ look how big and strong he is now!
Gina: He’s so popular now. Look at all the girls around him!
【答案】 such saw interesting has changed turned to reading because to wear And
2．Unit 4 Section A 3a
From Shy Girl to Pop Star
For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal _______ her _______ (shy). As she got _______ (good), she dared _______ (sing) in front of her class, and then for the whole school. Now she’s not shy ________ and loves singing in front of crowds.
I asked Candy how life was different after she became _______ (fame). She explained that there are many good things, _______ being able to travel and meet new people all the time. “I didn’t use to be popular in school, but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.” However, too ________ (many) attention can also be a bad thing. “I always have to worry _______ how I appear to others and I have to be very _______ (care) about what I say or do. And I don’t have much private time anymore. ________ (hang) out with friends is almost _______ (possible) for me now because there are always guards around me.”
What does Candy have to say to all those young people who want to become famous “Well,” she begins ________ (slow), “you have to be prepared to give up your normal life. You can never imagine how difficult the road to success is. Many times I thought about ________ (give) up, but I _______ (fight) on. You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. Only a very small number of people ________ it to the top.
【答案】 with shyness better to sing anymore famous like much about careful Hanging impossible slowly giving fought make
3．Unit 4 Section B 2b
He Studies Harder Than He Used to
Li Wen is a normal 15-year-old boy from the countryside. He works very hard and does_______(good) in school. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties ________school. When he was a little boy, he seldom caused_______problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. However, things began________(change) a few years ago. His parents moved to the city to look for the jobs, and his grandparents came to take _______of him. But he missed his parents so much and he often felt_______(alone) and unhappy.
Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. He became less________(interest) in studying. Sometimes he was absent from classes, and failed his examinations. Finally, his parents made a _____(decide) to send him to a boarding school. However, Li Wen no longer_______(live) with his grandmother. He studied, ate and slept at the school, Li Wen was shy and was not able to make friends________(quick) in school. He found life there difficult. One day he told his teacher he wanted to leave the school. His teacher was worried _______him and she called his parents. She advised them to talk with their son in person. So his parents took a 24-hour train and a 5-hour bus ride to get to Li Wen’s school.
They had a long talk.“It was ________(exact) what I needed,” he said. “Now I understand that even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me. They take pride in everything good that I do.”
After that, Li Wen’s parents had much more communication with their son than they used to. Now Li Wen has really changed. He has become more outgoing and made some good friends in school. He has even joined the school basketball team and become active in many other ________(activity). “I’m much_______(happy) now, and I work even harder than I used to. I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me,” says Li Wen. “It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.”
【答案】 well in any to change care lonely interested decision lived quickly about exactly activities happier
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark单元词汇学案
Section A
(
巧记妙背
)
1. humorous 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
拼写法： humo虎摸（抚摸）+rou肉+s（复数）=挠痒痒=有幽默感
笑话：你是哪里人？”“H开头的，你猜？”“湖南？河南？湖北？河北？……”“都不对，我是福（hu）建的啦！（福建人HF不分）
词根：humor 滑稽；幽默;
humor 体液，心情，幽默，诙谐
来自拉丁语umor,体液，来自umere,湿的，词源同humid.在古代指人体的四种体液，即blood,phlegm,choler,black bile,血液，黏液，胆汁液，黑胆汁液，这四种体液的组合和多寡决定人的性格，心境，情绪，同时，这四种体液的组合虽然基本固定，但也会发生变化，从而人的心情也随之发生变化，引申词义兴致，心血来潮，纵容等词义，并同时引申词义逗笑的能力，即幽默感。20世纪初学者严复将该词翻译为幽默并广为流传。
语境例句：The humorous star is silent from time to time(有时).
2. silent 不说话的；沉默的
拼背法：si死+lent借=管我借钱？死也不借给你，就是不说话，沉默是金。
1. quiet 表示“安静的”、“寂静的”。指物时，表示没有喧闹或没有骚动，处于一种静止的状态或宁静的环境；指人时，表示不发出声音或不发表意见，也可指人的性格温和、文静、不易激动等。
2. silent 着重指沉默无语或没有声音，但不一定指没有动作或活动，如 a silent film 指无声电影，a silent machine 指没有噪音的机器，read silently 指默读，等等。
3. still 主要指完全无声或完全无动作，通常用于物理上的静止，不表示心理上的平静。
4. calm 表示的“静”主要指天气、海洋等处于一种风平浪静的状态；若用于人，则指镇静或不慌张。
3. helpful 有用的；有帮助的
4. from time to time 有时；时常
at times 强调“时常，不时”。from time to time 强调“时而，有时'.频率不同
5. score 得分；进球
词根core果核，核心，s四+core核的手机，跑了多少分
6. background 背景
拼背法：back后退+ground地面=后面的背景
7. interview 采访；面试；访谈
词根词缀：inter内+view看=不能以貌取人，需要深入内心的看一个人=采访；面试
8. Asian 亚洲人；亚洲的
9. deal 对付；对待
拼背法：de的al案例=如何处理这个案例？ 固定搭配： deal with应对；处理
第三人称单数：deals 复数：deals 现在分词：dealing 过去式：dealt 过去分词：dealt
10. shyness 害羞；腼腆
词根词缀：shy害羞+ness（名词后缀）
11. dare 敢于；胆敢
拼背法：dare大热=大热的天，你敢出去？
12. crowd 人群；观众
13. ton 吨；大量；许多
缩写成t 吨。
14. private 私人的；私密的
拼背法：pri平日+v5+ate（eat的过去式）=平日里吃五顿饭的事，你别说出去，这是我私人的秘密。
反义词：unprivate ； public公开的
15. guard 警卫；看守；保卫；守卫
拼背法：雇gu+俺a+肉盾rd=雇俺当肉盾=警卫
挂gua+肉盾rd=警卫就是挂在财主前面的肉盾
16. require 需求；要求
拼背法：re再qu去+ire（火fire）=被要求再去一次（发火）
区别：demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思.require表示“要求所必须的东西；法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”.request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求”
语境例句：The general requires( v. 要求) a private（adj. 私密的；私人的）guard.
European 欧洲人；欧洲的
European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人
语境例句：Darwin(达尔文) is an European scientist.
18. African 非洲人；非洲的
19. British 英国的
British是英国人的意思，其词根是Brit-而相应的就衍生出了：Briton n. 英国人;大不列颠人British adj. 英国的;英国人的;大不列颠的; n. 英国人
British adj.英国的
语境例句：People in Britain speak British English.
20. speech 讲话；发言
拼背法：sp三炮+ee（眼睛）+ch（吃）=三炮口吃，瞪着眼睛在讲台上说不出话来。
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说, talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话.
21. public 民众；公开的；公众的 in public 公开地；在别人面前
拼背法：瀑布pub+里li+c厕所=瀑布里，本来是花果山的水帘洞，现在改成了公共的厕所
(
即学即练
即学
)
根据首字母填空
1．He has an i________ next week for the manager’s job.
2．Don’t ask that two girls what they are talking about. It’s a p ________ conversation.
3．The actor is really h________ and his jokes can always make us laugh.
4．They all keep s________ about the matter, for it’s a secret between them.
5．France is a E________ country.
6．—Hey, Tom, you’re making noise. You should be polite in p________.
—Sorry, Mum. I’ve got it.
7．Tim studied hard and got good s________ on his exams.
8．Success r________a lot of hard work and talents.
9．Martin Luther King gave a s________ I Have a Dream to people in public in 1963.
10．Do you prefer American English or B________ English
根据汉语提示填空
11．Please keep ________ (寂静的). The baby is sleeping.
12．—You wash the car and I’ll let you use it today.
— ________ (说定了) !
13．French President Emmanuel Macron gave a ________ (演讲) at Sun Yat-sen University on April 7, 2023.
14．He often tells ________ (幽默的) stories to us. He always makes us laugh.
15．These pets ______ (需要) a lot of care and attention.
16．Too much stress is harmful to your health. You need to ________ (保卫) against it early.
17．Many people are nervous about speaking ________ (公开地).
18．If a child attends a ________ (私有的) school, parents will pay the school for the child’s education.
19．He knew that the South ________ (非洲的) government was trying to change its image so that it could take part in the Olympic Games.
20．When you think of Venice, does it bring any other ________（欧洲的）city to your mind
Section B
(
巧记妙背
)
22. ant 蚂蚁
拼背法：安踏ant
23. insect 昆虫
拼背法：in（里）+s（蛇）+ect 二餐厅 学校的二餐厅里有蛇=名叫做昆虫
in（里）+se（蛇）+ct餐厅 昆虫在蛇的肚子里开餐厅
语境例句：I used to catch ants and watch insects when I was a child.
24. seldom 不常；很少
拼背法：s（蛇）el（饿了）dom（冬眠） 蛇都是吃饱了冬眠，很少饿了还冬眠。
25. influence 影响
拼背法：in（里）flu（俘虏）e鹅nce女厕
我在女厕所里俘虏了一只鹅，造成了很坏的影响
26. absent 缺席；不在
拼背法：ab阿爸+sent出去了=阿爸出去了=不在
27. fail 不及格；失败；未能（做到）
拼背法：罚fa+i+l了=考试考“i”我没有及格被罚了
第三人称单数：fails 现在分词：failing 过去式：failed 过去分词：failed
28. examination 考试；审查
拼背法：ex二熊amina阿米娜tion（名词后缀） 遇到了老师阿米娜，被考试了！！！
1、examination通常指正式考试，如期bai终考试、入学考试等。
2、exam是examination的缩写式，常用于学生口语中。
语境例句：I used to fail the examination.
29. boarding school寄宿学校
30. in person亲身；亲自
语境例句：His parents used to go to the boarding school in person (亲自；本身)to see his son.
a boarding (adj.寄宿制的)school
31. exactly 确切地；精确地
拼背法：e鹅xa喜爱ct餐厅+ly形容词后缀 鹅很精确的找到了它喜爱餐厅
32. pride 自豪；骄傲 take pride in 为…感到自豪
拼背法：pri平日de的 想和太阳肩并肩=平日的=自豪；骄傲
33. proud 自豪的；骄傲的 be proud of 为…骄傲；感到自豪
拼背法：prou飘柔d的 头发飘柔的=很自豪；骄傲
pride和proud的区别：
1、词性不同pride作为名词和动词使用，而proud作为形容词使用。
2、形容对象有所区别proud除了描述人的自豪意外，还可以修饰壮观盛大的场景。
3、常用结构不同pride oneself on固定搭配表示自傲，be proud of sth.为某事感到自豪。
34. general 总的；普遍的；常规的；将军
拼背法：跟gen鹅e让梨ral 跟鹅让梨=我弟弟外号“鹅”，给弟弟让梨是日常的操作
general用作名词的意思是“将军”,在英国尤指“陆军上将”,是可数名词。
in general的意思是“大体上”,可用在复数名词后作定语,或用作状语修饰全句。
35. introduction 介绍
拼背法：in里+tr天然+od殴打+uc（浏览器）+tion名词后缀 UC浏览器里有天然被殴打的介绍
introduce介绍，intro-里面，“介绍”需要“引入” (
即学即练
即学
)
根据首字母填空
1．I won the first prize in the English test, so my mother was p________ of me.
2．The first flight of C919 is a great success and we take p_________ in it.
3．Sally is such a careful girl that she s________ makes spelling mistakes.
4．People must tell the position e________ when calling 120 so that they can get help in time.
5．Don’t drink too much coke. It will have a bad i________ on your teeth.
6．The main character Yue Fei in the movie Full River Red was a g________ who lived during the Southern Song Dynasty.
7．Anita was a________ from the meeting yesterday because she was ill and went to the hospital.
8．—Why did John look unhappy
—Because he f________ the exam.
9．—More and more people come to visit the Great Wall every year.
—That’s true. It has become the p________ of China.
10．My grandfather’s optimism (乐观) has a great i________ on me in my life.
根据汉语提示填空
11．When the Shenzhou 16 sent our astronauts into space, we Chinese people felt so ________ (自豪的) .
12．He said he was not ________ (完全地) understood.
13．Sally is such a careful girl that she ________ (极少) makes spelling mistakes.
14．Our country has a __________ (骄傲的) record of sporting achievement.
15．China has helped over 90 million people out of poverty (贫困). We take ________ (骄傲) in our country!
16．If you have trouble learning English, you should ask teachers for help ________.（亲自）
17．Mrs. Brown is ________ (缺席的) from the meeting because her son is ill.
18．There was a _______ (普遍的) expectation that he would win. In fact he failed.
19．The novel coronal virus（新冠病毒）had a very deep ________（影响）on almost all the countries.
20．Look! The ________ (蚂蚁) is carrying a leaf.
(
进阶练习
)
1．Unit 4 Section A 2d
Alfred: This party is ________ a great idea!
Gina: I agree. It’s been three years since we last _____ (see) our primary school classmates.
Alfred: It’s ________ (interest) to see how people have changed.
Gina: Billy _________ (change) so much! He used to be so shy and quiet.
Alfred: Yeah, his face always ________ (turn) red when he talked _______ girls!
Gina: I used to see him _______ (read) in the library every day.
Alfred: That’s _________ he was a really good student. He studied hard and got good scores on his exams.
Gina: Did he use ________ (wear) glasses
Alfred: Yes, and he used to be thin, too. ______ look how big and strong he is now!
Gina: He’s so popular now. Look at all the girls around him!
2．Unit 4 Section A 3a
From Shy Girl to Pop Star
For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal _______ her _______ (shy). As she got _______ (good), she dared _______ (sing) in front of her class, and then for the whole school. Now she’s not shy ________ and loves singing in front of crowds.
I asked Candy how life was different after she became _______ (fame). She explained that there are many good things, _______ being able to travel and meet new people all the time. “I didn’t use to be popular in school, but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.” However, too ________ (many) attention can also be a bad thing. “I always have to worry _______ how I appear to others and I have to be very _______ (care) about what I say or do. And I don’t have much private time anymore. ________ (hang) out with friends is almost _______ (possible) for me now because there are always guards around me.”
What does Candy have to say to all those young people who want to become famous “Well,” she begins ________ (slow), “you have to be prepared to give up your normal life. You can never imagine how difficult the road to success is. Many times I thought about ________ (give) up, but I _______ (fight) on. You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. Only a very small number of people ________ it to the top.
3．Unit 4 Section B 2b
He Studies Harder Than He Used to
Li Wen is a normal 15-year-old boy from the countryside. He works very hard and does_______(good) in school. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties ________school. When he was a little boy, he seldom caused_______problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. However, things began________(change) a few years ago. His parents moved to the city to look for the jobs, and his grandparents came to take _______of him. But he missed his parents so much and he often felt_______(alone) and unhappy.
Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. He became less________(interest) in studying. Sometimes he was absent from classes, and failed his examinations. Finally, his parents made a _____(decide) to send him to a boarding school. However, Li Wen no longer_______(live) with his grandmother. He studied, ate and slept at the school, Li Wen was shy and was not able to make friends________(quick) in school. He found life there difficult. One day he told his teacher he wanted to leave the school. His teacher was worried _______him and she called his parents. She advised them to talk with their son in person. So his parents took a 24-hour train and a 5-hour bus ride to get to Li Wen’s school.
They had a long talk.“It was ________(exact) what I needed,” he said. “Now I understand that even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me. They take pride in everything good that I do.”
After that, Li Wen’s parents had much more communication with their son than they used to. Now Li Wen has really changed. He has become more outgoing and made some good friends in school. He has even joined the school basketball team and become active in many other ________(activity). “I’m much_______(happy) now, and I work even harder than I used to. I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me,” says Li Wen. “It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.”
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