2023—2024 学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（全国卷）（答案解析版）
英语试题
第一部分 听力
1—5 CAABC 6—10 BBACA 11—15 BCCAC 16—20 CBABA
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了本年度讨论最多的四本书。
21. B 细节理解题。根据第二本书介绍中的“This book describes his own experience of moving from Khartoum, Sudan, to Kingston, Canada, in the early 2000s at age 12.”可知，Abdelmahmoud在书中记录了他自己12岁时从苏丹喀土穆搬到加拿大金斯敦的经历。由此可知，Son of Elsewhere: A Memoir in Pieces这本书是作者生活经历的真实写照。故选B。
22. B 细节理解题。根据第一本书介绍中的“a new series of historical fantasy novels”“a group of children with magical gifts”以及第三本书介绍中的“Ning, the heroine of Lin’s first novel ... Young Adult fantasy rich in Chinese mythology (神话)”可知，这两本书都以想象中的世界为背景。故选B。
23. A 推理判断题。根据题干中的A Ballet of Lepers可将解题信息定位至最后一本书的介绍。根据最后一本书介绍中的“the novel contained in the book”和“This book also includes a radio play script (剧本) and a handful of short stories.”可知，这本书不仅包含小说，还包括广播剧剧本和短篇故事，因此可推知这本书是一本作品集。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了音乐家Kanga利用先进的现代技术，打破乐器自身的局限性，给观众呈现了新颖的音乐表演形式，从而为他们带来不一样的音乐体验的故事。
24. B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，题干中的“technological advancements”指的是“motion sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), live-generated 3D visuals and virtual reality”，即运动传感器、人工智能、实时生成3D画面及虚拟现实，而它们的功能在于“has changed the limits of the forms of musical performances”和“to unlock new possibilities of music and performances”，也就是提供了音乐表演的新形式。故选B。
25. D 推理判断题。根据第二段的首句可知，Kanga采用尖端技术最初是受到他所选择乐器的相对局限性的影响。再根据第二段最后一句中的“but it does have certain limitations in terms of the types of sound you can create”可知，钢琴在创造声音类型方面确实有一定的局限性。由此可知，Kanga谈论钢琴是为了说明他使用技术的原因。故选D。
26. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He performs the piece using MiMU multi-sensor gloves ... ‘And then I can control that sound just by moving my wrist through the air — I can do that with lots of different gestures.’”可知，Kanga在表演Steel on Bone时会使用MiMU传感手套，抬起手指能发出特定的声音，在空中移动手腕则可以控制声音，即通过在空中移动手的方式来表演曲目。故选A。
27. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了音乐家Kanga利用先进的现代技术，打破乐器自身的局限性，给观众呈现了新颖的音乐表演形式。也就是说，Kanga将音乐和科技融合在了一起。故选C。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了波士顿东北大学的副教授郑义发明了一种可持续材料“冷却纸”，它可以在不依赖传统的冷却系统的前提下使建筑物或其他物体保持凉爽。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What if your home could stay cool all on its own That’s the premise (前提) of Zheng Yi’s new invention.”可知，郑义的新发明的前提是房子可以自己保持冷却这一想法；再结合本段最后一句中的“keep cool without relying on conventional cooling systems”及常识可知，这种材料自行冷却的能力是不依赖于传统的冷却系统的，即不使用电力。由此可知，郑义是基于“不使用电冷却空气”这一想法来进行发明创造的。故选C。
29. A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It reflects those warm solar rays away from the building, and it also absorbs heat inside — heat that is from electronics, cooking and human bodies.”可知，这种材料能将温暖的太阳光线反射出去，还能吸收来自室内的电子设备、烹饪和人体的热量。也就是说，这种材料有两种工作方式。故选A。
30. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One day, Zheng saw a container full of used printing paper ... He then made it into waterproof ‘cooling paper’ that could coat homes.”可知，一天，郑义看到一个装满用过的打印纸的箱子。他当时想是否能将这些废弃材料变为能源材料，随后他在厨房里的高速搅拌机的帮助下，将其与构成聚四氟乙烯的原料混合，制成了一种纸浆，然后他将其制成防水的“冷却纸”。由此可知，废纸给了郑义发明冷却纸的灵感。故选D。
31. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The material can be used, exposed to solar radiation and various temperatures, and then reduced to a pulp (again) and remade without losing any of its cooling properties.”可知，这种材料可以被使用，暴露在太阳辐射和不同的温度下，然后被还原成浆，并在不失去任何冷却性能的情况下被重新制作。由此可推知，最后一段在强调冷却纸是可以回收利用的。故选B。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章文主要说明了城市公园的重要性，介绍了华沙Pole Mokotowskie公园通过拆除混凝土来提高其自然可持续性的情况。
32. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people”可知，华沙Pole Mokotowskie公园坐落于一所大学、一个体育馆和国家图书馆附近，为许多人提供绿色空间。由此可推知，这个公园服务不同的群体。故选B。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife”可知，这些项目为各种各样的野生动物增加了必要的走廊和停留点，也就是说，这些项目为各种各样的野生动物提供了更多的空间。故选D。
34. A 词义猜测题。上文“Removing concrete in and around ponds and other waterways allows the city’s features to shape themselves naturally ...”说明，清除池塘和其他水道内部及周围的混凝土来让城市的特征自然形成，由此推知，混凝土会限制城市特征的自然形成。故猜测，removing artificial constraints指的是去除人为的“限制”。故选A。
35. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting.”可知，这些亭子通过收集雨水来助力公园的生态系统。故选B。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了生活中人们缺乏耐心的事实，并介绍了变得更有耐心的方法。
36. F 根据本空上文可知，我们生活在一个即时满足和快递隔日送达的世界。我们可以让人马上把我们想要的东西送到家门口，可以在任何时候从各种各样的娱乐选择中挑选。F项“因此，对我们大多数人来说，保持耐心变得越来越困难。”与上文构成因果关系，说明现代生活的便捷使大多数人变得越来越难以保持耐心。故选F。
37. A 空前一句中的“anything good rarely happens quickly”指出，好事很少会很快发生；空后一句中的“You have to develop your patience over time”说明，随着时间的推移，你必须通过采取实际行动来培养你的耐心。空处语意应呼应上文并引出下文。A项“好事的发生通常需要大量的工作和长时间的等待。”符合语境。故选A。
38. G 根据本段主旨句“Make yourself wait on things.”可知，本段内容是建议通过等待来使自己变得更有耐心。G项“努力克服任何让你焦虑的事情并强迫自己等待。”与本段的主旨句相呼应，且空后一句中的It指代本句所提到的内容，anxious也是原词复现。故选G。
39. C 空处位于段首，为本段的主旨句。下文内容“Sometimes pause actually means there is hope. Perhaps you’ll meet a lot of wonderful people while waiting in line, or you will find that something put off is actually better in the future.”介绍的都是延迟好的一面。因此C项“教会自己看到延迟好的一面。”能概括本段主旨，符合语境，且选项中的delays与下文中的“something put off”相呼应。故选C。
40. D 本段说明生活中充满了延迟。D项对段首主旨句进行解释，说明没有通往幸福或成功的捷径。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者使用机器人Woebot解决心理健康问题的体验。
41. B 考查动词辨析。把四个选项分别代入语境中并加以理解后可推知，此处表达的是，现在越来越多的人正接受人工智能来帮助他们解决和回答问题。refuse意为“拒绝”，accept意为“接受”，force意为“强迫”，teach意为“教”。故选B。
42. A 考查副词辨析。由空前的问题以及空后的句子可以推断出，这里强调健康的重要程度。句意为“显然，健康太重要了以至于无法相信一个机器人。”obviously意为“显而易见地”，fortunately意为“幸运地”，surprisingly意为“出人意料地”，interestingly意为“有趣地”。故选A。
43. C 考查名词辨析。由下文中的“my mother’s coming death”可以推断出，作者的母亲生了重病。mind意为“思想，头脑”，attitude意为“态度”，illness意为“疾病”，shortcoming意为“缺点”。故选C。
44. D 考查名词辨析。由空后的“my mother’s coming death”及常识可知，作者的母亲生了重病且即将离世，这给作者带来的应是焦虑。opinion意为“观点”，doubt意为“疑虑”，knowledge意为“知识”，anxiety意为“忧虑，焦虑”。故选D。
45. C 考查形容词辨析。由下文中的“at night with my head spinning (旋转)”以及“but could not fall asleep”可以推断出，作者的焦虑让其无法入睡（即一直醒着）。sleepy意为“困倦的，想睡的”，alone意为“独自的”，awake意为“醒着的”，lively意为“充满活力的”。故选C。
46. D 考查形容词辨析。由常识可知，在晚上无法入睡会让人感到疲倦。relaxed意为“放松的”，shocked意为“震惊的”，unsatisfied意为“不满意的”，tired意为“疲倦的”。故选D。
47. D 考查连词辨析。由上下文可以推断出，这里作者是想说因为自己足够幸运在心理健康领域工作，所以才能听说过一种工具（机器人Woebot），因此该处应用表示原因的连词because来引导原因状语从句。when意为“当……时”，if意为“如果”，although意为“虽然”，because意为“因为”。故选D。
48. A 考查动词辨析。由上下文语境可知，这里的工具是指机器人Woebot，而它应是由科学家“创造”的。create意为“创造”，find意为“找到”，copy意为“复制，抄袭”，borrow意为“借”。故选A。
49. B 考查名词辨析。由第一段中的“Talk to a robot about my anxious feelings ”以及第五段中的“how you’re feeling”可知，作者以发送短信的方式与机器人Woebot谈论自己的感受。choice意为“选择”，feeling意为“感受，感情”，number意为“数目”，dream意为“梦想”。故选B。
50. C 考查形容词辨析。由上文中的“at 9 p.m. on the couch”以及下文中的“I didn’t have to schedule anything, so it found me where I was.”可以推断出，晚上九点对于作者来说是方便的。busy意为“忙碌的”，exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，convenient意为“方便的”，valuable意为“宝贵的”。故选C。
51. A 考查动词辨析。由语境可知，本句表达的是，Woebot将自己描述为“‘选择自己冒险经历’的自助式图书”。describe意为“描述”，adopt意为“采用”，rank意为“排名”，appoint意为“任命”。故选A。
52. C 考查名词辨析。由下文的“It asks you how you’re feeling ... on each day.”及语境可以推断出，Woebot会向作者提出心情方面的问题，并会根据作者的回答来帮助作者解决问题。voice意为“嗓音”，move意为“移动”，response意为“反应；回答”，action意为“行为；行动”。故选C。
53. A 考查动词辨析。由下文中的“when you are in trouble”可推知，这里表达的是，Woebot用认知行为疗法监控情绪并学习策略，在你身陷困境时帮助你。空处与第二段第一句“... to help them solve problems and answer questions.”中的help是原词复现。help意为“帮助”，persuade意为“说服”，inform意为“通知”，remind意为“提醒”。故选A。
54. D 考查动词辨析。由下文中的“used a variety of CBT techniques”“helped me reframe (重构) them”可推知，Woebot会询问用户的感受并提供对应的疗法。provide sth for sb意为“为某人提供某物”。check意为“检查”，collect意为“收集”，test意为“测试”，provide意为“提供”。故选D。
55. B 考查名词辨析。由第四段中的“texting”、空处前面的“sent”以及后面的“and the language was chatty”可以推断出，Woebot是通过发送信息与作者互动交流的。record意为“记录”，message意为“信息”，picture意为“图片”，letter意为“信件”。故选B。
56. A 考查形容词辨析。由上文对作者心理状态的描述以及本句中的“helped me reframe (重构) them”可以推断出，Woebot和作者一起审视消极的想法，并帮助作者重构它们。negative意为“消极的”，useful意为“有用的”，positive意为“积极的”，useless意为“无用的”。故选A。
57. B 考查动词辨析。由上下文语境可知，本句表达的是，Woebot还使用表情符号、图片、视频和链接来“解释”某个要点。replace意为“代替，取代”，explain意为“解释”，review意为“回顾，复习”，deny意为“否认”。故选B。
58. B 考查形容词辨析。由空后的“for having got some of these thoughts out”及语境可以推断出，作者把这些想法中的一些说出来后确实感觉好多了。sadder意为“更伤心的”，better意为“更好的”，worse意为“更差的”，weaker意为“更虚弱的”。故选B。
59. C 考查动词辨析。由空后的“some language and techniques to support myself”可以推断出，作者在与Woebot互动的过程中也学到一些语言和技巧来帮助自己（解决心理问题）。ignore意为“忽视”，invent意为“发明”，learn意为“学习”，delete意为“删除”。故选C。
60. D 考查动词短语辨析。由上文可知，作者是通过和Woebot的互动来解决自己的问题的。所以此处表达的是，“虽然我不再需要每天使用Woebot，但它是一种健康的机制，可以让我在需要它时寻求帮助”。have a head for意为“擅长（某事）”，keep an eye on意为“照看；留神；留意”，lend a hand to意为“伸出援手”，fall back on意为“求助于，转而依靠”。故选D。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在保护文化遗产方面所取得的成就。
61. an 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且event是以元音音素开头的单数名词。故填不定冠词an。
62. to make 考查非谓语动词。此处是“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中作discussed的宾语。故填to make。
63. has grown 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Since joining the World Heritage Convention in 1985”可知，句子应用现在完成时。“the number of ...”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式，所以此处的助动词应用has。故填has grown。
64. allowing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以空处应填非谓语动词形式。“the number of world heritage sites in China”与“allow”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处应填现在分词形式作结果状语。故填allowing。
65. which 考查定语从句。“China has added 15 new world heritage sites”和“six of _____ have been included in the relevant lists of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产)”之间没有连词，且由逗号隔开，由此可判断出“six of ... intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产)”是非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是“数词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代“15 new world heritage sites”，指物。故填which。
66. abundant 考查词性转换。空处在名词前作定语，应用形容词形式。abundant意为“大量的，多的”。故填abundant。
67. were listed 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是句子的谓语动词。主语“the Tianshan Mountains”为复数形式，和动词list之间是动宾关系，故句子用被动语态。根据时间状语“in 2013”可知，句子用一般过去时。故填were listed。
68. in 考查介词。句意：天山的美丽在于它那白雪覆盖顶部的群山和冰川覆盖的群峰。lie in为固定短语，意为“在于”。故填in。
69. diversity 考查词性转换。根据空前的a可判断，空处应填单数名词。a diversity of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。故填diversity。
70. responsibly 考查词性转换。空处应用responsible的副词形式修饰动词behave，作状语。故填responsibly。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
第一处（第一句）：but→and 考查连词。根据句意可知，visited和met两个动词之间是顺承关系。故将but改为and。
第二处（第一句）：the→a 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且leave a deep impression on sb为固定短语，意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故将the改为a。
第三处（第二句）：In→On 考查介词。on the way为固定短语，意为“在路上”。故将In改为On。
第四处（第三句）：在only后加did 考查倒装句。not only ... but (also) ...连接两个句子，当not only位于句首时，not only后的分句需倒装。根据下文中的took可知，句子陈述的是过去的事实。故在only后加did。
第五处（第三句）：snack→snacks 考查名词的复数。various意为“各种各样的”，修饰可数名词的复数形式。snack意为“小吃”，为可数名词。故将snack改为snacks。
第六处（第四句）：injuring→injured 考查非谓语动词。此处是“get+宾语＋宾补”结构，宾语foot和动词injure之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式作宾补。故将injuring改为injured。
第七处（第五句）：horrible→horribly 考查词性转换。修饰形容词painful应用horrible的副词形式。故将horrible改为horribly。
第八处（第六句）：have→had 考查动词的时态。文章通篇讲述的是作者上周去洛阳旅游时发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时。故将have改为had。
第九处（第七句）：删掉returned后的back 考查动词。return意为“回去；回来；返回”时，相当于go/come back。故删掉back。
第十处（第八句）：his→her 考查代词。从上文多次出现的she可以判断出这位导游是女性。故将his改为her。
第二节 书面表达
参考范文：
Dear Mr Smith,
Thank you for listening to our voices to revise the English newspaper. I’d like to share my viewpoints with you.
To tell the truth, some columns, such as Science and Pop Culture, are particularly welcomed because we can obtain the latest news of high-technology development as well as diverse civilizations. Therefore, I hope the two sections will be kept. On the other hand, since many readers show a lack of interest in the Business section, could you replace it with a sports column We can not only keep track of sports news but also get valuable suggestions for building us up by reading that section.
I hope the updated version of the English newspaper will gain more readers in the near future.
Yours,
Li Hua
听力材料
Text 1
W: Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore will be released on Friday. Would you like to see it with me on Saturday
M: I’d love to, but I have to work that day. How about the next day
W: OK. Let’s meet outside the theater at 7:00 pm.
Text 2
M: I’m going to the city library. Do you need a ride
W: Thank you! My appointment with the professor is three hours later and I want to finish the grocery shopping first.
Text 3
W: Have you watched the third season of The Exciting Offer Unlike the first two seasons focusing on young job seekers competing for a job at a law firm, the interns are medical students in this season.
M: Yeah. It reminds me of my days when I almost knew nothing about clinics.
Text 4
W: Another Coke, Harry
M: Cokes and chips are my favorites.
W: You know, adopting a healthier lifestyle can add years to your life — even in your 80s, according to a new research from Japan.
Text 5
W: What do you think of these watercolor paintings of the towns in South China
M: They are clean and neat. These works perfectly interpret the unique charms of watercolor.
W: Yeah. I really want to meet the artist.
Text 6
W: Hi, Dad. Thanks for picking me up. Uh, Dad Fasten your seat belt please.
M: It doesn’t matter. We’re just driving home. It takes less than 10 minutes.
W: But our teacher said 30% of accidents occur less than 2 kilometers.
M: Don’t worry. I won’t drive fast. The speed limit is 50 km/h around here.
W: I’ve read a report on the Internet, which said getting into an accident at 50 kilometers per hour is almost the same as falling out of a three-story building.
M: I’ll drive carefully.
W: You might, but you can’t control how others drive. Wearing a seat belt reduces the risk of fatal injuries by 45% for drivers and front-seat passengers. It also reduces the risk of serious injuries by 50%.
M: Fine. I’ll fasten my seat belt.
Text 7
M: Sara, I’ve heard that you want to move into a homestay family.
W: Yes. I’ve been staying with my aunt. My cousin is arriving from Brisbane, and my aunt needs a room for him.
M: No wonder. When would you like to move out from your aunt’s
W: My cousin arrives on September 10th, so I’d better be out next Thursday.
M: Is that the 8th of September
W: That’s right, just a week from today.
M: How long have you been in Australia
W: A year in Adelaide and half a year in Sydney. I prefer Sydney. I’ve got many friends here.
M: What are you studying now
W: I was studying General English in Adelaide and now I’m doing Academic English, because I’m trying to get into Medicine next year.
M: Sounds good, but it will take you a long time.
Text 8
W: Hi, George! Glad you’re home. Your secretary called you several times.
M: Sorry, honey! I went into the library to subscribe to magazines and I came across something really interesting.
W: What A book
M: No, a brochure about a summer festival — mainly Spanish music. Look, I’ve got it here.
W: Wow! I really love the guitar. Let’s have a look. So what’s this group “Guitarrini”
M: They play fantastic instruments — drums, flutes and old kinds of guitars. I’ve never heard anything like it before. Shall we go then
W: Yes, let’s go.
M: The only problem is there aren’t any cheap seats. It’s one price for all.
W: Well, in that case we could sit right at the front. We’d have a really good view.
M: But I think that if we sit at the back we can actually hear the whole thing better.
W: Yes. The back then.
M: So will you book the tickets now
W: There’s no hurry. I could hardly wait to tell the news to Lisa.
Text 9
M: Good morning, Mrs. Johnson. What’s troubling you
W: I feel itchy all over.
M: How often do you bathe
W: I take a shower every morning after I get up, and after my daily workout at the gym. Then again before bed.
M: Actually, frequent showering may do more harm than good. It can wash away the good bacteria that naturally exists on your skin. It’s good to shower once or twice a day.
W: OK. I’ll cut it down.
M: The way you shower is also important. Water should be warm but not too hot.
W: I use hot water a lot, and I like the scent of soap and shampoo.
M: Avoid any of those good-smelling soaps and body washes. You don’t need to wash your hair every time you shower. Typically, shampooing two or three times a week will help keep your scalp and hair healthy.
W: What’s the duration
M: Three or four minutes of showering is all you need. If you prefer a slightly more relaxed approach, try to keep your shower under 10 minutes.
W: Thank you, Dr. Carl.
Text 10
M: Ben Miller is a 9-year-old boy. He comes from Idaho. He collected a large $1,150 in one weekend.
He walked into his local animal shelter, handing over all the money he’d raised at a lemonade stand.
It was his third lemonade stand fundraiser since 2019, the year when he was visiting the Idaho Humane Society with his grandmother, he noticed that some cats didn’t have toys.
So far, he’s donated a grand total of $1,950 to support the cats he loves so much.
His mother helped him create an event on Facebook, which attracted lots of people.
“It was such a fun day meeting so many awesome people and their pets. A car full of people pulled up saying that they had just heard about it on the radio,” said his mother on Facebook. And the highlight that topped off the day was Ben’s teacher’s coming by.
Ben said he has no plans to stop his charity work for the shelter, which makes his mother smile, even though she said he’s always had a big heart. “It really just blew me away,” his mother said.2023—2024 学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（全国卷）
英语试题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the speakers see the movie
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
2. Where will the woman probably go first
A. The grocery store. B. The city library. C. The professor’s office.
3. What is the man probably
A. A doctor. B. A lawyer. C. A teacher.
4. What does the woman imply about Harry
A. He will live a long life.
B. He should eat healthily.
C. He is not young any more.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A great artist.
B. Towns in South China.
C. Some watercolor paintings.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man refuse to wear his seat belt at first
A. He drives very slowly.
B. It’s only a short way home.
C. There are no cars around.
7. What damage can a car accident at 50 km/h cause
A. There is usually a 45% fatality rate.
B. It’s almost the same as falling from the third floor.
C. Front passengers have a 50% risk of serious injuries.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the date today
A. September 1st. B. September 8th. C. September 10th.
9. Where is Sara now
A. In Brisbane. B. In Adelaide. C. In Sydney.
10. What is Sara studying now
A. Academic English. B. Medicine. C. General English.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What did George bring from the library
A. A book. B. A brochure. C. Some magazines.
12. Where will the speakers sit
A. At the front. B. In the middle. C. At the back.
13. What will the woman probably do first
A. Answer a call. B. Book the tickets. C. Share the news.
14. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. A couple. B. Friends. C. Manager and secretary.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. How often does the woman shower
A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day.
16. What is the man’s advice
A. Avoid using body washes.
B. Choose the good-smelling soap.
C. Wash hair two or three times a week.
17. What do the speakers talk about at last
A. The way to keep the hair healthy.
B. The time spent on taking a shower.
C. The effect of water temperature on skin.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did Ben raise money
A. For cat shelters.
B. For elderly people.
C. For homeless children.
19. How much has Ben donated in total
A. $1,150. B. $1,950. C. $2,019.
20. What is Ben’s mother’s attitude toward his decision
A. Supportive. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Books are excellent gifts. Here are four of the year’s most talked-about titles.
Ordinary Monsters | By J. M. Miro
Miro has temporarily abandoned literary fiction in favour of a new series of historical fantasy novels. Ordinary Monsters is about a group of children with magical gifts who come together and pool their powers to escape the bad shape-shifting man that’s going after them.
Son of Elsewhere: A Memoir in Pieces | By Elamin Abdelmahmoud
The soundtrack to The O. C., a drama series, and the strange beauty of Highway 401 were important factors in developing selfhood of Abdelmahmoud. This book describes his own experience of moving from Khartoum, Sudan, to Kingston, Canada, in the early 2000s at age 12.
A Magic Steeped in Poison | By Judy I. Lin
Harry Potter has his magic stick. And Ning, the heroine of Lin’s first novel, has tea, which in her world carries magical properties. Lin has created a pleasing Young Adult fantasy rich in Chinese mythology (神话). In this book, Ning enters a competition to find the most gifted tea master, Shennong.
A Ballet of Lepers | By Leonard Cohen
Unlike many other posthumous (死后出版的) works, you can count on Cohen’s to be worth your wait. Before his death, he said that the novel contained in the book, which was never published, was likely better than The Favourite Game, a novel he published during his lifetime. This book also includes a radio play script (剧本) and a handful of short stories.
21. Which book is a mirror of the author’s life story
A. Ordinary Monsters.
B. Son of Elsewhere: A Memoir in Pieces.
C. A Magic Steeped in Poison.
D. A Ballet of Lepers.
22. What do the first and third books have in common
A. They are about teamwork.
B. They are based on an imaginary world.
C. They both involve Chinese characters.
D. They draw inspiration from other novels.
23. What can be inferred about A Ballet of Lepers
A. It is a collection.
B. It is Cohen’s best novel.
C. It is a fantasy novel.
D. It is adapted from a play.
B
For over a decade, Zubin Kanga, a pianist, composer and technologist, has changed the limits of the forms of musical performances. He has both organized and performed shows that have pushed barriers, with motion sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), live-generated 3D visuals and virtual reality among the technological advancements used to unlock new possibilities of music and performances.
Kanga’s approach to employing cutting-edge technology was first informed by the relative limitations of his chosen instrument. “The piano is a very accurate technology,” he says. “From the early 20th century till now it hasn’t really changed at all. It’s an amazing instrument, but it does have certain limitations in terms of the types of sound you can create.”
One of the early works is Steel on Bone, composed by Kanga himself. He performs the piece using MiMU multi-sensor gloves. “I can put up one finger, and that’ll produce a particular sound,” Kanga explains. “And then I can control that sound just by moving my wrist through the air — I can do that with lots of different gestures.”
“For Steel on Bone, I’m actually playing inside the piano with these steel knitting (编织) needles, and getting all these interesting effects on the strings. Then I’m using samples of them. Sometimes I’m using live delays and operating them. The sound can change depending on how my hands are moving. It allows me to make a very theatrical piece, and people can see this immediate connection between how I’m moving — these very big, almost conductor-like gestures through the air — and the way the sound is changing,” said Kanga.
This is just the start, and Kanga goes on to be enthused with the use of motion sensors to make music, the possibilities that AI offers composers as a tool, and how virtual reality could transform performances and more.
24. What do technological advancements do for music and performances
A. Remove music barriers.
B. Bring new performance forms.
C. Popularize musical performances.
D. Make performances professional.
25. Why does Kanga talk about the piano in paragraph 2
A. To indicate its stability.
B. To prove its rare accuracy.
C. To show it has a long history.
D. To clarify why he uses technology.
26. How does Kanga perform Steel on Bone
A. By moving his hands in the air.
B. By pressing the piano keys.
C. By beating the steel knitting needles.
D. By making very small gestures.
27. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Technology: When It Replaces Music
B. Virtual Reality: Future of Performances
C. Zubin Kanga: When Music Meets Technology
D. AI Music: From Composing to Performing
C
Turning on the air conditioning can bring sweet relief from the heat. But your resulting energy bill Not so much. What if your home could stay cool all on its own That’s the premise (前提) of Zheng Yi’s new invention. The associate professor at Northeastern University in Boston has created a sustainable material that can be used to make buildings or other objects able to keep cool without relying on conventional cooling systems.
Zheng imagines this material covering the roofs of houses or other buildings. The material, which Zheng has named “cooling paper”, has light colors and internal microstructure with many small holes. It reflects those warm solar rays away from the building, and it also absorbs heat inside — heat that is from electronics, cooking and human bodies.
Cooling paper is, in fact, made of paper. One day, Zheng saw a container full of used printing paper. He thought to himself, “How could we simply transform that waste material into some functional energy material ” So, with the help of a high-speed blender (搅拌机) from his kitchen, Zheng made a pulp (浆状物) out of it and the material that makes up Teflon, a type of plastic. He then made it into waterproof “cooling paper” that could coat homes. Then, he and his team tested its ability to keep cool: it can reduce temperatures by as much as 6 ℃. He selected materials that would reduce the cost of using the new technology to cool homes.
The cooling paper isn’t just green in its ability to reduce your energy footprint. The material can be used, exposed to solar radiation and various temperatures, and then reduced to a pulp (again) and remade without losing any of its cooling properties. “That is incredible!” Zheng says. “We thought there would be maybe 10 to 20 percent of loss, but no. It’s just as well as the original.”
28. On what basis is Zheng’s new invention created
A. Relieving the discomforts of the heat.
B. Improving traditional cooling systems.
C. Cooling the air without electricity.
D. Reducing electricity use and costs.
29. What does the author say about the material in paragraph 2
A. It works in two ways.
B. It’s complexly structured.
C. It has limited applications.
D. It’s available in dark colors.
30. Where did Zheng get inspiration for the cooling paper
A. From Teflon.
B. From a pulp.
C. From the blender.
D. From the waste paper.
31. Which aspect of the cooling paper is mainly stressed in the last paragraph
A. Its practicality.
B. Its recyclability.
C. Its heat resistance.
D. Its user-friendliness.
D
Parks are the beating hearts of cities, providing crucial environments for wildlife of many sizes as well as areas of rest and recreation for local citizens. Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people.
One of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s five pathways to transformative change for water management is to restore species population, ecosystems and the benefits that nature provides to people by using each city’s advantage. As more urban centres seek new ways to unite greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife.
Tasked with improving Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park’s natural sustainability, architecture company WXCA looked at ways of enhancing the elements that were already in place to better support wildlife. One of the most visible means was the removal of thousands of square metres of concrete (混凝土). Removing concrete in and around ponds and other waterways allows the city’s features to shape themselves naturally, in reaction to both the surrounding environment and the weather. Doing so can support biodiversity by removing artificial constraints and flows. More than 13,000 square metres of concrete has already been removed, with more removal planned over the next year.
For the human users of the park, the designers created education, activity, and art spaces. The Grand Salon, a grassland surrounded by trees, is for large public gatherings, and a handful of pavilions (亭) spread throughout the space provide visible means of monitoring the quality of the air and water. They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting. As the temperature consistently rises, city planners are using the leaves and branches of the plants and mixed use designs to reduce heat islands, improve air quality and prevent urban runoff.
32. What do we know about Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park
A. It creates a new way to the city center.
B. It serves different community groups.
C. It reminds the public to protect the environment.
D. It shows the locals are living happily.
33. What are the projects in paragraph 2 intended for
A. Providing stages to show off creativity.
B. Taking advantage of the city’s resources.
C. Encouraging people to get close to nature.
D. Supplying various wildlife with more room.
34. What does the underlined word “constraints” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Limits. B. Factors.
C. Methods. D. Damages.
35. How do the pavilions help the ecosystem
A. By offering some shelters.
B. By collecting rainwater.
C. By monitoring the air quality.
D. By reducing high temperature.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Patience is something that many of us struggle with. I know that I am certainly one who has a hard time dealing with delays. After all, we live in a world of instant satisfaction and overnight shipping. We can have anything that we want delivered to our doorstep right away. We can pick from a variety of entertainment options at any given moment. 36
The truth of the matter is, however, that anything good rarely happens quickly. 37 You have to develop your patience over time by taking real action. This applies to a number of things: launching a business, waiting to go to an event, or striving to achieve your personal goals.
Here are a few tips to help you become more patient:
Make yourself wait on things. This can include eating, purchasing items, or taking any sort of action. 38 It will help you increase your current patience levels and become less anxious moving forward. Try it.
39 Sometimes pause actually means there is hope. Perhaps you’ll meet a lot of wonderful people while waiting in line, or you will find that something put off is actually better in the future.
Understand that life is full of delays. 40 If there were delays, we would all have to accept. Ups and downs are what build character, and often, the longer we wait, the more we enjoy it. So wait it out with the best of them.
A. It usually takes a lot of work and a long wait.
B. The more patient you are, the luckier you become.
C. Teach yourself to look on the bright side of delays.
D. There is no one straight path to happiness or success.
E. Being patient is a must if you want to achieve success.
F. As a result, being patient has become increasingly difficult for most of us.
G. Work to overcome whatever makes you anxious and force yourself to wait.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Talk to a robot about my anxious feelings Okay, I’ll give it a go.
Nowadays, more and more people are 41 artificial intelligence (AI) to help them solve problems and answer questions. But what about health 42 , that’s too important to trust a robot. Really
My mother has had a serious 43 recently, and I have two small children, a great partner and a full-time job. Often the 44 about my mother’s coming death kept me 45 at night with my head spinning (旋转). I felt 46 but could not fall asleep.
However, 47 I’m lucky enough to work in the mental health field, I’ve heard about a tool 48 by a team of scientists at Stanford University in the USA — Woebot. I loved the idea of texting my 49 at 9 p.m. on the couch — a time that was 50 for me. I didn’t have to schedule anything, so it found me where I was.
Woebot 51 itself as a “choose-your-own-adventure self-help book” that learns from your 52 . It uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (认知行为疗法) to monitor your moods and learn strategies to 53 you when you are in trouble. It asks you how you’re feeling and
54 therapy for you at your selected time on each day.
Surprisingly, Woebot sent me a 55 every day and the language was chatty. It used a variety of CBT techniques but most frequently we looked at the 56 thoughts I was having and helped me reframe (重构) them. Woebot also used emojis, pictures, videos and links to
57 a point.
I do feel 58 for having got some of these thoughts out and I did 59 some language and techniques to support myself. Although I don’t need to use Woebot every day anymore, it’s a healthy mechanism (机制) to 60 whenever I need it.
41. A. refusing B. accepting C. forcing D. teaching
42. A. Obviously B. Fortunately C. Surprisingly D. Interestingly
43. A. mind B. attitude C. illness D. shortcoming
44. A. opinion B. doubt C. knowledge D. anxiety
45. A. sleepy B. alone C. awake D. lively
46. A. relaxed B. shocked C. unsatisfied D. tired
47. A. when B. if C. although D. because
48. A. created B. found C. copied D. borrowed
49. A. choices B. feelings C. numbers D. dreams
50. A. busy B. exciting C. convenient D. valuable
51. A. describes B. adopts C. ranks D. appoints
52. A. voices B. moves C. responses D. actions
53. A. help B. persuade C. inform D. remind
54. A. checks B. collects C. tests D. provides
55. A. record B. message C. picture D. letter
56. A. negative B. useful C. positive D. useless
57. A. replace B. explain C. review D. deny
58. A. sadder B. better C. worse D. weaker
59. A. ignore B. invent C. learn D. delete
60. A. have a head forB. keep an eye on C. lend a hand to D. fall back on
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the World Heritage Convention (《世界遗产公约》), Beijing held 61 event titled “The Next 50 Years: World Heritage Where Challenges and Development Coexist”, during which experts discussed how 62 (make) the sites more accessible and sustainable for future generations.
Since joining the World Heritage Convention in 1985, the number of world heritage sites in China 63 (grow) to 56, including the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and the Grand Canal,
64 (allow) the nation to rank second in the world. And over the past decade, China has added 15 new world heritage sites, six of 65 have been included in the relevant lists of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产).
Chinese experts said that the 56 listed world heritage sites reflect the country’s
66 (abundance) heritage and that China’s cultural heritage achievements over the past 10 years can be seen in many aspects.
For example, in 2013, the Tianshan Mountains 67 (list) on the World Heritage List. The beauty of Tianshan lies 68 its snow-capped mountains and glacier-capped peaks. It is really an outstanding example of a mountain ecosystem with a 69 (diverse) of landform features and ecosystems.
Experts said that the world heritage application is just a means to perform better protection. We should behave more 70 (responsible) to conserve the heritage of all humanity.
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week, I visited Luoyang but met a kind and caring guide, who left the deep impression on me. In the way, she told us a lot about this old city. Not only we know about the city, but we were invited to eat various special snack. Unfortunately, I got my left foot seriously injuring. It was horrible painful when I walked. Seeing I have difficulty walking, she came to my assistance. Accompanied by her, I returned back to the bus to wait for other tourists. I was really grateful for his kindness.
书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校英文报面向学生征求改版意见。请你给报纸主编Mr Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 栏目建议；
2. 陈述理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr Smith,
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Yours,
Li Hua2023—2024 学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（全国卷）
英 语 答 题 卡
第Ⅰ卷 选择题
第一部分：听力
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[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
第二部分：阅读理解
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[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
[ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ]
[ E ] [ E ] [ E ] [ E ] [ E ]
[ F ] [ F ] [ F ] [ F ] [ F ]
[ G ] [ G ] [ G ] [ G ] [ G ]
第三部分：语言知识运用（第一节）
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[ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ] [ A ]
[ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ] [ B ]
[ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ] [ C ]
[ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ] [ D ]
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题
第三部分：语言知识运用（第二节）
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
第四部分：写作
第一节 短文改错
Last week, I visited Luoyang but met a kind and caring guide, who left the deep impression on me. In the way, she told us a lot about this old city. Not only we know about the city, but we were invited to eat various special snack. Unfortunately, I got my left foot seriously injuring. It was horrible painful when I walked. Seeing I have difficulty walking, she came to my assistance. Accompanied by her, I returned back to the bus to wait for other tourists. I was really grateful for his kindness.
第二节 书面表达
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
准 考 证 号
[ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ] [ 0 ]
[ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 1 ]
[ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ] [ 2 ]
[ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ] [ 3 ]
[ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ] [ 4 ]
[ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ] [ 5 ]
[ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ] [ 6 ]
[ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ] [ 7 ]
[ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ] [ 8 ]
[ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ] [ 9 ]
注 意 事 项
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号，在规定位置贴好条形码。
2.选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；填空题和解答题必须用0.5mm黑色签字笔答题，不得用铅笔或圆珠笔答题；字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3.请按题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破。
姓 名
贴 条 形 码 区
考生 缺考考生，监考员用2B
禁填 铅笔填涂左面的缺考标记
填涂样例 正确填涂
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