【全程方略】2014-2015学年高中英语 Module 6 Animals in Dange Animals in Danger模块质量评估 外研版必修5
(120分钟 150分)
第一卷
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the woman leave the factory?
A. Three years ago.
B. Last year.
C. Two years ago.
2. Where will the two speakers go now?
A. To a restaurant.
B. To their home.
C. To a hotel.
3. What’s the woman’s attitude to the Internet?
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent.
4. How are the guests going to London?
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By bus.
5. What does the woman suggest they do?
A. Take a walk.
B. Dance to the music.
C. Listen to the music.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6~8题。
6. What was the first problem with the man’s reservation?
A. Rooms were overbooked for that evening.
B. The woman confused him with another guest.
C. There were no more rooms available for five people.
7. For which day did Mr Nelson make a hotel reservation?
A. The 18th. B. The 19th.
C. The 20th.
8. How will the man go to another hotel?
A. On foot. B. By bus.
C. By taxi.
听第7段材料, 回答第9~11题。
9. How did the man go to New York City?
A. By air. B. By train. C. By car.
10. With whom did the man spend most of the time on vacation?
A. His grandparents.
B. His cousin.
C. His parents.
11. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A farm in New York City.
B. The man’s vacation in the US.
C. A company’s development.
听第8段材料, 回答第12~14题。
12. Why does the man take his laptop?
A. To take notes.
B. To play games.
C. To surf the Internet.
13. What is the benefit of having Internet access in the classroom according to the man?
A. It helps students learn more than ever.
B. It can provide valuable information.
C. It gives students the access to computers.
14. What’s the color of the laptop cover?
A. Black. B. Brown. C. Blue.
听第9段材料, 回答第15~17题。
15. What course is the woman taking?
A. A reading course.
B. A writing course.
C. A music course.
16. How many courses has the woman taken already?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
17. What is the topic of the first lecture?
A. The importance of reading.
B. The benefit of writing books.
C. The benefit of reading books.
听第10段材料, 回答第18~20题。
18. What does the bus maker want to find?
A. The most colorful school in America.
B. The most beautiful school in America.
C. The most eco-friendly school in America.
19. What are students, parents and teachers from around the country invited to do?
A. To organize an in-school recycling program.
B. To present a 500-word essay.
C. To plant a garden.
20. What will the winning school receive besides some money?
A. A hybrid school bus.
B. Some school materials.
C. A lot of computers.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
21. He said life wouldn’t be worth without friendship.
A. being lived B. to be lived
C. living D. to be living
22. —Brad was Jane’s brother!
— he reminded me so much of Jane!
A. No doubt B. Above all
C. No wonder D. Of course
23. The science of computer, rapid progress has been made in recent years, is the most important of all science.
A. to which B. in which
C. with which D. from which
24. Although after a whole day’s work, I spend half an hour doing housework every night.
A. tiring B. was tired
C. tired D. being tiring
25. —Can I watch the football match on TV tonight, Mum?
— you finish all the homework first.
A. If only B. Only if
C. Even when D. Not unless
26. The two things the couple felt most proud were their small garden and their sports car.
A. of which B. about which
C. for which D. in which
27. After graduation from high school, I went to college; , all my friends got well-paid jobs.
A. meanwhile B. while
C. when D. besides
28. I’d rather read than watch television, the programs seem all the time.
A. to get worse
B. to have got worse
C. that it is getting worse
D. to be getting worse
29. Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem none of us worked out.
A. that B. as C. so that D. which
30. Don’t worry. There will be a TV report of tonight’s football match and we can enjoy it together.
A. alive B. living C. live D. lively
31. Wait, Tom! It is raining so hard. Take a raincoat to yourself from the rain.
A. save B. prevent C. stop D. protect
32. When Yang Mi stepped out of the hall, all the cameras were on her, flashing quickly.
A. pointed B. aimed
C. focused D. directed
33. The students entered the classroom, smiling and , and down to have their lessons.
A. talked; sat B. talking; sitting
C. talking; sat D. talked; sitting
34. Near the table a poor dog, who desired to satisfy his hunger with
fell from the table.
A. laid; something B. lay; that
C. laid; that D. lay; what
35. You’re your time trying to persuade him; he’ll never join us.
A. spending B. wasting
C. losing D. missing
第二节 完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
While I was standing at the kitchen window, five-year-old Spencer, my oldest son, ran into the house, 36 , “We need a doctor out here. We need a doctor. Hurry, Mom. ”“What’s wrong? ”I asked. Spencer anxiously told me he had found a dead bird that needed a doctor.
Dutifully(顺从地), I seized a small plastic bag from the cupboard and took Spencer’s hand— 37 , that’s the sort of thing mothers do. While my son led me out of the door and 38 the bird, I explained that if the creature was indeed dead, a doctor could not 39 . When we arrived at the 40 scene, it was obvious that the baby bird was dead. Spencer and I could see the nest(鸟巢)high up in the tree. My son and I 41 the probable age of the baby bird, its inability to fly well, and exactly how the 42 had caused its death. “I think his mummy and daddy really 43 him, ”Spencer observed. I 44 my boy’s hand and tried to ease(减轻)his 45 by saying I was sure they did, 46 that they would be okay because the little bird had gone to Heaven to be with God and PoPo—my deceased(去世了的)grandfather. I assured(使确信)Spencer that the bird’s mommy and daddy knew that their little one would be 47 and loved. I told Spencer that PoPo loved little birds, and I 48 he was in Heaven holding and playing with the baby bird 49 . I picked up the little creature’s body, slipped(悄悄放到)it into my plastic bag and 50 placed the bird in the rubbish bin. 51 else was said about the matter for the rest of the day. Spencer went back to play 52 he had never been interrupted, and I returned to my work in the kitchen.
At breakfast the next morning, Spencer sadly explained to his father that he had found a baby bird the day before that fell from its nest.
“It was dead, Daddy. ”
Trying to 53 Spencer’s spirits and reminded him that the little bird was really 54 , I asked our son to tell Daddy 55 the baby bird was. Spencer, looking solemn-faced at his dad, stated, “In the rubbish bin with Mama’s granddad, PoPo. ”
36. A. saying B. screaming C. declaring D. telling
37. A. in fact B. at least C. of course D. after all
38. A. ahead B. toward C. found D. looked
39. A. come B. save C. help D. support
40. A. accident B. kitchen C. familiar D. angry
41. A. wondered B. discussed C. studied D. looked
42. A. fall B. tree C. mother D. dad
43. A. hate B. lose C. miss D. love
44. A. picked up B. turned to C. got to D. reached for
45. A. excitement B. regret C. sadness D. disappointment
46. A. but B. and C. so D. for
47. A. watched out B. played with
C. treated with D. cared for
48. A. was pleased B. was happy
C. was sure D. was afraid
49. A. right now B. right then
C. from now on D. now and then
50. A. gently B. loudly C. strongly D. firmly
51. A. Nothing B. Nobody C. Everything D. Something
52. A. as usual B. as if C. even though D. though
53. A. break B. rise C. show D. lift
54. A. wounded B. injures C. okay D. alive
55. A. where B. what C. how D. when
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
A
Polar bears may appear to be all soft and lovable, but they are the largest of their species; not to mention the world’s largest land carnivore(食肉动物)and therefore, extremely dangerous. But don’t mention that to Canadian animal trainer Mark Dumas, whose best pal just happens to be, a big snow white polar bear!
Mark and Agee’s unusual friendship began when the bear was just six weeks old. He got her from a zoo and brought her home where she was bottle fed and allowed to play with his other normal pets, until she became an adolescent.
While Agee may not live at home any more, the bond between her and Mark has never disappeared. Even as the baby has grown into a 16-year-old 800 pound adult, the two have continued to be best buds and are constantly seen playing, swimming and even wrestling together—something Mark realizes could be dangerous if Agee turns aggressive. However, the trainer who has been working with bears for over 40 years says he is able to read their body language and knows when to back off.
In addition to being Mark’s buddy, Agee is also the world’s first trained famous polar bear, with films like Alaska and a number of television advertisements under her belt.
In the wild, polar bears can largely be found along the shores and on sea ice in the freezing Arctic region. They can weigh between 500~1, 500 pounds, and are the most carnivorous land animals, feeding largely on seals.
Unfortunately, as is the case with many animal species, the melting ice caused by global warming is seriously affecting the population of these bears. That’s because during the summer months when they are most active, they rely on sea ice as their habitat for hunting and dens. As the ice continues to melt the mammals have to walk longer distances to find suitable homes, which takes away from their time to find a meal: The loss of ice is also affecting the population of their primary source of food—seals. Hopefully, we can find a way to prevent the bears from disappearing altogether.
56. What does the underlined word “that” in Para. 1 refer to?
A. Polar bears seem to be friendly.
B. Polar bears are in fact dangerous.
C. Polar bears are the largest bears.
D. Polar bears are human-eating animals.
57. How did Mark know Agee could be dangerous?
A. By playing with her together.
B. By trying to wrestling with her.
C. By observing her body language.
D. By taking her to swim.
58. Why did Mark train Agee?
A. To find pleasure.
B. To have it as a pet.
C. To protect her from danger.
D. To do business.
59. The passage is mainly about the relationship between .
A. polar bears and the global warming
B. a Canadian and a polar bear
C. polar bears and seals
D. polar bears and sea ice
B
A Dutch artist and designer has come up with a device. He hopes it will suck pollutants from Beijing’s smog-covered skies, creating clean air for the city’s people, who always wear surgical masks.
An electromagnetic field(电磁场)generated by copper coils will pull the dirt in the smog to the ground, where it can be easily cleaned. “As you know, when you have a balloon which has electricity, your hair will go toward it. Same with the smog, ”says artist Daan Roosegaarde.
His studio has reached an agreement with the Beijing government to test the technology in one of the capital’s parks. Because its sky is often covered by polluted gray smog, Beijing has taken a series of emergency measures totacklethe problem this week.
Roosegaarde says an indoor experiment has already proven that it works, and he is confident that the results—with the help of a team of scientists and engineers—can be replicated(复制)outside.
“Beijing is quite good because the smog is quite low, it’s in a valley so there’s not so much wind. It’s a good environment to explore this kind of thing. ”
“We’ll be able to purify the air, but the real challenge is to clear the smog completely so you can see the sun again. ”Roosegaarde admits that projects like this are not only an efficient solution to Beijing’s dire air pollution, but also a way of calling on people to pay attention to the problem.
“This is not the real answer for smog. The real answer has to do with clean cars, different industry and different lifestyles. ”However, he hopes the project will bring a warning to the city’s residents, and make them realize the difference between breathing clean and smog-filled air.
60. What does the underlined word probably mean in paragraph three?
A. care about B. deal with
C. bring up D. think of
61. How does the device the Dutch invented clear the smog in the sky?
A. An electromagnetic field will suck pollutants from the sky.
B. It will take measures to warn the problem.
C. It uses a balloon which has electricity.
D. It has been tried out for many times.
62. Beijing is quite fit to explore the device. Which one is not the reason?
A. The smog is quite low.
B. An agreement has been reached with the Beijing government
C. It’s in a valley
D. There’s not so much wind.
63. What can we do to clear the smog completely according to the passage?
A. To use the device properly.
B. To call on people to pay attention to the problem.
C. To use clean cars and to make industry and lifestyles different.
D. To help the residents produce many more masks.
C
Scientists say illegal logging is threatening one of Mexico’s most famous insects. Satellite pictures show large wooded areas have been cleared from the central Mexican state of Michoacan. The forests are the winter home for millions of monarch butterflies. The butterflies go there each year to reproduce. After reproducing, the adult butterflies die, but their young return to the home of their parents each spring.
The American space agency released the relevant satellite pictures last month. The images show the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. A Mexican law protects trees growing in the area. The images show that about four hundred and forty-five hectares have been cleared since 2004. Scientists say that, if the clearing continues, monarch butterflies are unlikely to continue using the Reserve as their winter home.
For thousands of years, the butterflies have been flying to the same forests. Their trip begins along the border of Canada and the northeastern United States. The insects fly about eighty kilometers a day. They reach central Mexico after about sixty days. No one is sure why the brightly coloured orange and black butterflies chose these forests. However, scientists believe the area might offer the right mix of wetness and cool weather to keep the insects alive through the winter.
Lincoln Brower is a professor of biology at Sweet Briar College in Virginia. He has been studying monarch butterflies for fifty-two years. He says they have been migrating along the same path for about ten thousand years. People in Mexico have compared the arrival of the butterflies to dark cloud-like formations(阵式)filling the air. The monarchs arrive in such large numbers that they sometimes cover whole trees.
Mexico’s President ordered special protection for the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve eight years ago. The Mexican government has struggled to enforce(强制)the order. Although illegal logging has become one way for poor people to earn money, other Mexicans are fighting to protect the butterflies’ home.
64. Why are the forests called the winter home for millions of monarch butterflies? Because each winter the butterflies travel there to .
A. avoid cold B. look for food
C. sleep D. produce young
65. Why did monarch butterflies choose the forest as their winter home?
A. It has many trees.
B. It has the appropriate environment for them.
C. It is easy to get to.
D. We don’t know.
66. The underlined word “migrating” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. going to live in another area or country, especially in order to find food
B. travelling regularly from one part of the world to another
C. changing from one place or position to another
D. starting using an area again as a place to live in
67. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Mexico has nothing but forests.
B. Most people in Mexico are poor.
C. All Mexicans are destroying the butterflies’ home
D. Some poor people in Mexico often break the law.
D
A company, Guizhentang, has had to face a storm of criticism. The company is in the bear bile business. They have bear farms in which bile is taken out and used in traditional Chinese medicine and for other purposes.
Bile is a liquid that is produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder(胆囊). In bears(and in humans too), bile is necessary to help digest fatty foods. Traditional Chinese medicine uses bear bile to treat pain, fever and vision problems. Bile for traditional Chinese medicine used to be collected by killing bears, but it was discovered that bear bile could be got by keeping the bears alive and just “milking” them by putting a rubber tube into the bodies of bears. Unfortunately, this is a painful process and the bears have to live a life of suffering.
Animal rights groups want this practice to stop. They say it is a cruel way to treat animals. Guizhentang disagrees. They say the practice isn’t harmful and that they are actually helping the bears. There are fewer Chinese black bears, from which the bile is taken, because human activity is taking over the forest the bears live in. The company says bear farms are a way to protect the species. On the one hand, we use many types of animals for food, clothing, medicine and for medical research. On the other hand, we should know that causing animals great pain is wrong.
There are man-made substitutes(替代品)for bear bile that work just as well as the real thing, so bear farms aren’t really necessary. If Guizhentang really wants to protect the black bear, they should perhaps think about getting out of the bear bile business.
68. Guizhentang has been criticized because .
A. it kills a lot of black bears
B. it makes traditional Chinese medicine
C. it is in the bear bile business
D. it has a lot of farms to keep bears
69. The underlined part “taking over” in the third paragraph can be replaced by .
A. protecting B. destroying
C. polluting D. exploring
70. The purpose of the passage is to .
A. tell bear bile is very important for our health
B. imply(暗示)traditional Chinese medicine isn’t popular
C. show Guizhentang does no harm to bears
D. call on us to protect the black bears in danger
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp
Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying.
1. 72?
People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆病), according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.
2. Go for a walk.
Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74?
3. Learn something new.
Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation(刺激)limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.
A. Focus on the future.
B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
C. It should be something like learning gardening.
D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
E. But don’t worry if your schedule isn’t filled with life-changing events.
F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
第二卷
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
(2013·沈阳高一检测)
假定英语课上, 老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I had a interesting dream last night. I dreamed that I took part in a race. At first, I could not to run very fast and fell behind. So I didn’t lose heart and kept running. All the students on the playground cheer me on, “Come on! ”I was so encouraged that I ran faster and fast till I caught up all the other runners. I felt as if fly like a superman. In the end, I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proud myself. Many of my classmate threw me up into the air. Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
10月4日是世界动物日, 你校组织以“I Want to Be a Volunteer of Protecting Animals”为题的英语演讲比赛。假如李明参加比赛, 请你以“李明”的名义写一篇英语演讲稿推荐自己, 内容如下:
品质
善良, 善待动物; 勤劳, 做额外事
爱好
……(至少两点)
事迹
组织慈善义演, 为Save China’s Tigers筹款; ……(至少一点)
感悟
动物是人类的朋友; 保护动物就是保护我们自己
打算
……(至少两点)
要求:
1. 词数100个左右。演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
2. 所写短文必须包括以上内容, 自由发挥的内容必须围绕主题。
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。(参考词汇: 额外的extra)
I Want to Be a Volunteer of Protecting Animals
Hello, everyone. I’m Li Ming. I want to be a volunteer of protecting animals. I’m glad to make a speech here.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
答案解析
Text 1
M: Are you still working in the factory where I first met you?
W: No. ①It’s already three years since I left there.
Text 2
M: We’d better stop and rest, shall we?
W: OK. ②Do you think we’ll have any trouble finding a room for the night?
M: I’m sure it’ll be easy.
Text 3
M: Do you often surf online?
W: Certainly. ③It’s helpful in our life. Getting and sending e-mails, searching information for booking tickets, making friends and shopping. ③It seems that nothing will be kept outside the Internet.
Text 4
W: ④Our guests are leaving for London to take part in the Olympic Games. We need someone to get them to the airport on time.
M: I’d be happy to take them there. But my car is in the garage. May I use your car?
Text 5
W: The music is so beautiful that ⑤I’d like to dance, but I don’t know the steps.
M: ⑤It doesn’t matter. No one will be looking at us in the crowd.
Text 6
M: Hi, I have a reservation for tonight. My name is Charles Nelson.
W: Okay. Mr Nelson. That’s a room for five, and. . .
M: You mean a room for five dollars?
W: No. According to our records, a room for five guests was booked under your name.
M: ⑥There must be some mistake.
W: Okay. ⑥Let’s check. Mr Charles C Nelson for tonight. . .
M: Ah. ⑥My name is Charles Nelson, not Charles C Nelson.
W: I see. Charles Nelson, ⑦a room for one for the19th.
M: Wait! ⑦It was for tonight. Not tomorrow night.
W: Sorry, there is no room left for tonight. You can take a bus to another hotel near here.
M: Okay, thank you. ⑧I’ll take a taxi to try my luck in another hotel.
Text 7
W: How was your vacation back home in the US?
M: It was great. All I did was to play and rest and have a lot of fun.
W: Where did you go?
M: We went to the coast to see my cousin for a couple of days.
W: How is she now?
M: Pretty well. ⑨And then we flew down to New York City.
W: What did you do in New York City?
M: We were actually outside the city. ⑩My grandparents have a vacation home there.
W: ⑩You spent most of the time with your grandparents?
M: ⑩Yeah. They always miss us.
W: That sounds great. You certainly look well rested.
Text 8
W: Oh, David, you’ve taken your laptop here into the classroom!
MYeah, I’m using it to take notes.
W: You know, having a computer in class often leads to game playing and Internet surfing.
M: Well, that can only happen in a classroom that has Internet. Unfortunately, we don’t have access to wireless Internet here.
W: That’s good, isn’t it? That way everyone can stay focused and follow the instructor.
M: Come on, teacher. It’s the information ageInternet access can provide information that can be very valuable in the classroom.
W: That’s true. But I still prefer the traditional way of teaching and learningBy the way, I really like the color of your laptop cover. Blue is fit for you.
M: Oh, thank you. I actually chose it to go with my digital camera. Let me show it to you.
Text 9
W: Hey, Dustin, guess whatI signed up for a creative writing course last weekend. It contains a series of lectures given by professional writers.
M: Good for you, Julie. That’s a step in the right direction for achieving your dream!
W: Yeah, and it feels really great.
M: So when does the course start?
WI’ve already taken the first lecture. It was really very helpful.
MWhat was the topic?
WThe benefit of reading books.
M: That’s a really good starting point! Reading always provides food for thought. And no one can write without ideas.
W: That sounds interesting. So what was the result of the brainstorming?
M: Reading equals better vocabulary, better writing skills, new ideas, and new ways of thinking.
W: Quite impressive! You’re all promising writers!
Text 10
Do you think your school might be the greenest school in the country? If so, the IC Bus Company wants to hear about itThe bus maker has started a contest to find America’s most eco-friendly school around the country, and they need everyone’s help.
Students, parents and teachers from around the country are invited to present a 500-word essay on the subject. The essay explains the actions that their schools have taken to help protect the planet, such as organizing an in-school recycling program, planting a garden and even turning off the lights in an empty classroom. These are all ways in which you and your classmates can be green.
The organizers hope that the contest will encourage children and adults to think about how they can help save the earth. The winning school will also receive a hybrid school bus from IC Bus and some money for school materials. The bus creates less pollution than ordinary cars and buses.
答案: 1~5.ACAAB 6~10.BACAA 11~15.BABCB 16~20.ACCBA
21. 【解析】选C。考查worth的用法。句意: 他说人生如果没有友情就没有价值。be worth doing某事值得被做, worth后不用被动形式。
22. 【解析】选C。句意: ——Brad是Jane的弟弟! ——难怪, 他使我觉得那么像Jane! No wonder“不足为奇, 难怪”, 是惯用法, 故答案是C。
【变式训练】
He hasn’t slept at all for three days. that he is tired out.
A. There is no point B. There is no need
C. It is no wonder D. It is no way
【解析】选C。句意: 他一连三天没有睡觉了。难怪他已疲惫不堪了。there is no point没有意义; there is no need没有必要; (it is)no wonder难怪; it is no way决不。
23. 【解析】选B。句意: 计算机科学在所有科学中是最重要的, 其近几年来取得了很大进步。根据句意, 若将先行词the science of computer置于定语从句中, 即. . . rapid progress has been made in the science of computer. . . , 可知先行词在从句中作地点状语, 故应选in which来代替in the science of computer。
【变式训练】
Some parents don’t allow their children to enter net bars, , as is known, they spend too much time playing computer games.
A. which B. when C. that D. where
【解析】选D。先行词为net bars且在定语从句中作地点状语, 故用where引导。
24. 【解析】选C。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 一天工作下来, 虽然很疲劳, 但我每晚仍花半小时的时间做家务。although tired为although I am tired的省略形式。
25. 【解析】选B。考查句式结构。句意: ——妈妈, 今晚我能看电视上的足球赛吗? ——只要你先完成所有的家庭作业。only if是条件句的强调形式, 意为“只要”; if only意为“要是……该多好”, 后面跟虚拟语气; C、D两项均不符合题意。
26. 【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 那对夫妻感到自豪的两件东西分别是他们的小花园和他们的跑车。先行词为things, be proud of以……为自豪, 所以选择A。
27. 【解析】选A。考查连词。句意: 高中毕业后, 我上大学去了, 同时, 我的朋友们全都找到了收入不错的工作。此处指“我去上大学的同时”, 所以要用meanwhile。while和when后面不用逗号, besides意为“除此之外”。故选A。
28. 【解析】选D。考查seem用法。句意: 我宁愿读书也不看电视, 电视节目似乎变得越来越糟糕。seem后接不定式的进行式, 表示“似乎一直……”。
29. 【解析】选B。考查定语从句。as引导定语从句修饰“an examination problem”, 在从句中作宾语, 因其先行词前有限定词so。若看作“so. . . that. . . ”结构, 结果状语从句应加宾语, 为“worked it out”。
30. 【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: 不要担心, 电视上会有今晚的足球比赛现场报道, 我们可以一起看。live意为“活的, 现场直播的”; living意为“活着的”; alive意为“活着的, 在世的, 有活力的”; lively意为“精力充沛的, 生机勃勃的”。根据题意选C。
31. 【解析】选D。考查动词搭配。句意: 等一下, 汤姆! 雨下得正大, 带上雨衣吧, 别淋着。protect sb. from. . . 意为“保护某人使不受……的伤害”; save sb. from. . . 意为“从……中救出某人; 使某人不受……”; prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”。
32. 【解析】选C。句意: 当杨幂走出大厅时, 所有的照相机都对准她, 按下快门。动词focus常与介词on连用, 意为“把……聚焦于, 把……集中在……”。
33. 【解析】选C。考查现在分词作状语和并列谓语的用法。句意: 同学们说笑着走进了教室, 接着坐下上课。第一个空与smiling并列, 作伴随状语, 选talking; 第二个空与entered是并列谓语, 选sat。
34. 【解析】选D。句意: 桌子旁躺着一只可怜的小狗, 它渴望用桌子上掉下来的食物来解除它的饥饿。lie作“躺”讲时, 其过去式、过去分词分别是lay, lain; lay作“下蛋, 放置”讲时, 其过去式、过去分词都是laid, 因此从B、D两项里选。with是介词, 介词后的宾语从句缺主语, 所以选what。综合考虑, 应选D项。
35. 【解析】选B。句意: 你试图说服他, 是在浪费时间。他不会加入我们的。waste time(in)doing sth. 浪费时间做某事; spend time(in)doing sth. 花费时间做某事。lose失去; miss错过, 不符合题意。
【文章大意】本文叙述了一对母子是如何处理一只死去的小鸟的。
36. 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。从空后Spencer说的话我们可以看出, 他跑进来的时候因为着急紧张, 朝着“我”大声喊, 而不是说(saying)或宣布(declaring)。
37. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。after all在这里是插入语, 是对前一句的补充, 意思是“毕竟”。本句的意思是“毕竟那(从碗橱里拿了个塑料袋, 然后牵着Spencer的手)是母亲做的事。”其他答案不合逻辑。
38.【解析】选B。背景常识题。toward the bird意思是“朝小鸟走去”。C有较大干扰性。从下文我们得知“我”家离小鸟躺的地方有一定距离, 因此说一出门就发现小鸟是不合适的。
39.【解析】选C。词语辨析题。help在这里是“起作用”的意思, “如果小鸟真的已经死了的话, 医生来也没用。”
40. 【解析】选A。词语辨析题。the accident scene出事地点。
41. 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。“我儿子和我在谈论小鸟可能有多大。”A、C有一定干扰性。wonder意思是“疑惑、想知道”; study意思是“研究”, 显然不合题意。
42.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。inability to do sth. 意思是“没有做某事的能力”。因为没有飞得很好的能力, 小鸟掉下来了, 而掉下来就造成了它的死亡。
43.【解析】选C。词语辨析题。miss在这里是“想念, 思念”的意思。
44. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。reach for意思是“伸手去够”。“我”伸出手想握住Spencer的手以减轻他的悲伤。
45. 【解析】选C。词语辨析题。小鸟的死让Spencer很难过, “我”想安慰他, 以减轻他的悲伤。
46.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。本空前后为转折关系; but符合语境。
47. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处指小鸟的爸爸妈妈根据小鸟的去向推断出小鸟会在那里得到关心和爱护。
48. 【解析】选C。背景常识题。“我确信他(PoPo)在天堂会手捧小鸟, 跟它一起玩的。”
49. 【解析】选B。背景常识题。right then意思是“那时, 当时”。
50.【解析】选A。词语辨析题。gently一词与空前的slipped相照应。
51. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从空后的was said看B不正确。从空后的 he had never been interrupted看C、D不合适。
52. 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。as if在此引导方式状语从句, 其他三个选项不合题意。
53.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。看到Spencer这么悲伤, “我”想给他提升(lift)一下情绪。
54. 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。A、B、D显然与文章不符。
55.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从后文“In the rubbish bin with Mama’s granddad, PoPo. ”看“我”让Spencer告诉他父亲的是小鸟在什么地方。
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个加拿大动物驯养员养了很多动物, 并且饲养了一只北极熊的故事, 同时也指出了北极熊在人类活动影响下日益减少的现象。
56. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段的后半部分therefore, extremely dangerous可知北极熊有的时候也是非常危险的, 这里的that指的就是这个事实。
57. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第三段的最后一句话可知他是通过看熊的身体语言来判断它是否具有攻击性的。
58. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。结合第四段的信息, 可知这只北极熊不但出演了电影, 而且还拍了很多的电视广告。
59. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个加拿大动物驯养员饲养了一只北极熊以及这只北极熊和主人在一起生活, 同时也提到了北极熊所面临的困境等, 所以B符合主旨。
【文章大意】一位荷兰艺术家兼设计师发明了一种装置, 他希望借此装置为北京烟雾笼罩的天空清除污垢, 为那些戴着口罩的北京市民创造新鲜的空气。
60. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据上下文可知“由于北京的天空常常被灰色的污浊的烟尘覆盖, 这一周内, 北京已经数次采取紧急措施来处理这个问题”。care about关注; bring up提出; think of考虑; deal with处理。
61. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中An electromagnetic field generated by copper coils will pull the dirt in the smog to the ground, where it can be easily cleaned. 可知“通过铜线圈制造的电磁场可以将漂浮于烟尘中的污垢吸附到地面上, 很轻易地清理干净”。
62. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知“北京的地形和气候条件都很适合。空中的烟尘高度很低, 而且它地处谷地, 空气流动性不强。这种地形气候条件很适合测试该装置”。故A、C、D三项皆为其有利条件。
63. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章最后一段The real answer has to do with clean cars, different industry and different lifestyles. 可得出结论“根治烟尘的方法是环保汽车、转变工业结构和转变生活方式”。
【文章大意】本文介绍了北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的生存现状以及违法砍伐给其带来的威胁及人们对其采取的保护措施等情况。
64. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第四句“The butterflies go there each year to reproduce. ”可知答案。
65. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“scientists believe the area might offer the right mix of wetness and cool weather to keep the insects alive through the winter”可知答案。
66. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章的内容以及后面的“along the same path for about ten thousand years”中的关键词along the same path可以推知答案。
67. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。从本段最后一句“Although illegal logging has become one way for poor people to earn money, other Mexicans are fighting to protect the butterflies’ home. ”可知答案。
【文章大意】“动物权益组织”认为活熊取胆极其残忍, 而参与熊胆生意的归真堂并不认同, 文章对此进行了介绍。
68. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章前两句. . . has had to face a storm of criticism. The company is in the bear bile business. 可知归真堂之所以被指责主要是因其参与了熊胆生意。
69. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由上下文可看出人类活动抢占了黑熊赖以生存的森林, 致使黑熊数量日益减少, 故take over意为“抢占”。本文中可与destroy互换。
70. 【解析】选D。观点态度题。细读全文可知作者指责归真堂, 意在号召人们保护处于危险中的黑熊。
【文章大意】本文为说明文。每个人都很健忘, 但是随着年龄的增长, 我们的大脑开始反应缓慢, 这是件令人烦恼的事。本文针对此问题向大家介绍了三种简单易行的方法来帮助人们减缓健忘的症状。
71. 【解析】选F。根据此空格前后内容可知答案为F。正因为上文中讲述的这种问题的出现, 所以此处话锋一转, 提出解决的方法, 引出本文的话题。
72. 【解析】选A。此处是段落小标题。根据下文整个一段的内容, 特别是最后一句话“In other words, keep your brain looking forward. ”可知答案为A。
73. 【解析】选E。此处上一句是一项研究结果, 下一句是列举的具体事例, 所以此处属于过渡句。如果你的时间表上没有填满改变生活的事件, 也不用担心。故答案为E。
74. 【解析】选G。本段围绕“Go for a walk. ”展开, 说明了锻炼对大脑的好处, 故此处答案为G。换句话说, 当你照看好你的身体的时候, 也就照看好了你的大脑。
75. 【解析】选C。根据上文“But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new. . . ”可知答案为C。
答案:
I had a interesting dream last night. I dreamed that I took part in a race. At first, I
an
could not to run very fast and fell behind. So I didn’t lose heart and kept running. All
But
the students on the playground cheer me on, “Come on! ” I was so encouraged that I
cheered
ran faster and fast till I caught up∧all the other runners. I felt as if fly like a
faster with flying
superman. In the end, I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proud∧myself. Many of my classmate threw me up into the air. Just at that time I
of classmates
woke up and found me still in bed!
myself
1. 【解析】第一个句子中a→an interesting为元音音素开头, 故用不定冠词an。
2. 【解析】第三个句子中去掉run前的to could是情态动词, 后接动词原形。
3. 【解析】第四个句子中So→But 根据这两句话的意思可判断出它们是转折关系, 所以要用But。
4. 【解析】第五个句子中cheer→cheered 这个故事发生在过去, 所以要用一般过去时。
5. 【解析】第六个句子中fast→faster run faster and faster表示“跑得越来越快”, 所以要把fast改为faster。
6. 【解析】第六个句子中all前加with catch up with意为“赶上”, 所以要在all前加with。
7. 【解析】第七个句子中fly→flying 该句完整句式应为: I felt as if(I was)flying like a superman. 即句中的主语与fly间应为主动关系, 故改为flying。
8. 【解析】第十个句子中proud后加of be proud of为……感到自豪, 符合句意。
9. 【解析】第十一个句子中classmate→classmates 根据上文中的many可判断出classmate要用复数形式。
10. 【解析】最后一句中me→myself myself是反身代词, found myself still in bed表示“发现自己仍在床上”。
【参考范文】
I Want to Be a Volunteer of Protecting Animals
Hello, everyone. I’m Li Ming. I want to be a volunteer of protecting animals. I’m glad to make a speech here. I am kind to others. I am good with animals. I like playing football and the guitar. I have ever organized a charity performance to raise money for Save China’s Tigers. And I have been keeping some homeless little animals.
Animals are our friends. We should love them. I am always thinking protecting animals is protecting ourselves.
If I can be a volunteer, I will work harder and do more meaningful things to protect animals. I will call on more people to love animals like me. I must try my best to make the world more united.
Thanks for listening!
Module 6 Integrating Skills
Ⅰ. 完形填空
Here in Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sports. 1 , laws were passed to protect the wolves from 2 and people who catch the animals for their 3 . So the wolf population has greatly 4 . Now there are so many wolves that they are 5 their own food 6 . A wolf naturally lives on animals in the 7 family. People there also hunt deer for 8 . Many of the animals have been 9 by the very cold winters recently and changes in the 10 life there. When the deer can’t find 11 food, they die.
If the wolves 12 to kill large numbers of deer, the deer will 13 some day. And the wolves, too. So we must 14 the cycle(循环)of life there. If we killed more wolves, we would 15 them from starving. We also save deer and some 16 animals.
In another northern state, wolves attack(袭击) 17 and chickens for food. Farmers 18 the United States government to sent a team of 19 to study the problem. They believe it is 20 to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population.
1. A. But B. Although C. However D. So
2. A. farmers B. sportsmen C. soldiers D. officers
3. A. skin B. covering C. meat D. fur
4. A. increased B. reduced C. improved D. changed
5. A. killing B. using C. eating D. destroying
6. A. supply B. animals C. stores D. deer
7. A. hunter B. deer C. farmer D. wolf
8. A. joy B. skin C. food D. safety
9. A. killed B. harmed C. hunted D. protected
10. A. everyday B. cold C. animal D. plant
11. A. much B. good C. enough D. fresh
12. A. stop B. continue C. remain D. go
13. A. disappear B. die C. reduce D. starve
14. A. find B. use C. change D. keep
15. A. save B. keep C. defend D. make
16. A. water B. land C. forest D. farm
17. A. deer B. hares C. dogs D. cows
18. A. force B. insist C. want D. order
19. A. scientists B. soldiers C. hunters D. doctors
20. A. right B. necessary C. useful D. natural
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
Do you know what to do if you see a bird with a broken wing in your backyard, or a hurt raccoon(浣熊)by the side of the road? Use your phone!
It’s never a good idea to touch a wild animal or to try to help one without professional guidance. The animal might be dangerous to you, and you could cause further injury without meaning to.
That’s why the wildlife-rescue organization Animal Watch has created a new mobile app. The app helps users find the right solutions for animals that need urgent(紧急的)care.
Animal Help Now uses your phone’s GPS to find where the animal is located. Then the app asks questions about the animal: Is it wild or raised by humans? Is it a pet or a farm animal? Could the animal put humans in danger?
Based on the location, the time of day, the type of animal, and the injury, Animal Help Now will suggest a care provider that’s right for your situation. For wild animals, the app might suggest a nearby rescue facility that specializes in wounded wildlife. Or it might point you to registered care takers who nurse back to health animals that have been hurt in the wild. For pets or farm animals, the app lists the nearest veterinarians(兽医)who care for the type of animal that has been injured.
“The app is designed to work even when you don’t have cell or Internet access, ”Animal Watch director Dave Crawford tells National Public Radio.
“So whether you’re driving through a remote area on the eastern Colorado plains, hiking a trail in Rocky Mountain National Park, or simply passing through a dead zone on your way to work, you’ll still be able to immediately find the help you need. ”For now, Animal Help Now works only in Colorado, where Animal Watch is based. But the organization hopes to include information for users across the country. ”
1. If you help injured animals by yourself, you may .
A. become a danger to them
B. do more harm to them
C. make them become wilder
D. leave them in a dangerous situation
2. It can be inferred that Animal Help Now is .
A. an organization B. a website
C. a mobile app D. a company
3. According to Dave, the app .
A. can work anywhere in Colorado
B. stops working on your way back
C. includes information across the country
D. needs to have access to the Internet
4. The best title for the passage may be .
A. Helping the Injured Animals in Time
B. Saving Animals with Your Phone
C. Providing Care for Wild Animals
D. Making a Call to Help Animals
B
(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)
Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest(巢)and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper—a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax(蜂蜡)in the beehives(蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
5. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees’ nest?
A. It’s small in size. B. It’s hidden in trees.
C. It’s covered with wax. D. It’s hard to recognize.
6. What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. A bee. B. A bird.
C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper.
7. The honey guide is special in the way .
A. it gets its food
B. it goes to church
C. it sings in the forest
D. it reaches into bees’ nests
8. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Wild Bees
B. Wax and Honey
C. Beekeeping in Africa
D. Honey-Lover’s Helper
【拓展题型训练】
阅读第二节
(2013·西安高二检测)
根据短文内容, 从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. Join learning communities and help each other.
B. Expect problems, never be disappointed, and gradually you’ll make it.
C. Anytime is learning time.
D. Get interested and arouse your desire for knowledge.
E. Cover the same ground from different angles.
F. Try to be a good and effective learner.
As students, how we can learn our lessons effectively is a common problem which is always puzzling us. If you follow suggestions below, I’m sure you’ll find the solution easily.
1.
Your interest in the subject is the essential drive of success. You can’t learn what you do not want to learn. Emotion is an important part of the learning process. If you are even moderately interested in a subject, give yourself a chance. The key is to get started. If you can create some pleasurable routines, you may find that the subject grows on you. You must always remember learning is just like eating. You don’t expect to enjoy your food without appetite. Therefore, you should always try to arouse your interest and desire for knowledge if you want to learn well.
2.
Don’t expect to understand things, or remember too much the first time you study them. Think about what problem you will meet with in your study, so that you are well-prepared for it. Never be disappointed no matter what happens. Trust that things will get clearer as your brain comes to grip(理解)with new information. It is like a jig-saw puzzle or a cross-word puzzle. As you start to put the pieces together, or string the words together, the full picture becomes clearer. The brain learns all the time, but on its own schedule. Learning does not take place according to a schedule laid down by a curriculum or teacher. Keep at it, and you will gradually find that things that seem difficult at first will become second nature with time.
3.
Your brain is struggling to form patterns to cope with new input from your learning activities. Sometimes, no matter how long you focus on one subject, your brain is not going to pick it up. If you are stuck, move on. Then cover the same general information from a different source, a different book, or a blog, or an online lecture or a video. Try to become a grazing learner, wandering about the countryside, rather than a feed-lot learner, just standing there in one spot, chewing the same bale of hay. The broader your base, the easier it is to learn. Just as the“rich get richer”, the more you know, the more you can learn.
4.
Take full advantage of the Internet, blogs, and various mobile devices, not to mention good old-fashioned books and magazines. Learn during “dead time”. Listen in your car, on the train, or while jogging. Have your learning with you while waiting in the doctor’s office, or listen while checking out at the supermarket. Anytime is learning time. Remember, you are learning through exposure, not by nailing things down. It is more like moisture accumulation in a cloud, rather than building a brick wall.
5.
The “loneliness of the distance learner” is a thing of the past. Join a learning community on the web, where members share their knowledge and experience. Search for the communities that suit your interests and learning styles. You will find encouragement, advice and stimulus from fellow learners, as well as from tutors, teachers and coaches. In these communities, you can measure your progress against your own goals, or compare your experience with that of other learners. You can even teach and help others, which is a great way to learn.
情景对话
(2013·西安高二检测)
根据对话情景和内容, 从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两个为多余选项。
—I am so excited that we are going to the new shopping center. 1 ?
—Let’s go shopping first. Then we’ll go to KFC. 2?
—But wait a minute. I probably couldn’t get to the shops. They are all upstairs and I can’t use escalator since I am in a wheelchair.
— 3 They have a special elevator that you can use.
—Great! 4 They always have those small chairs and I can’t roll the wheelchair to the table.
—I have an idea! Let’s buy the food at the restaurant and then go and eat outside. It’s much nicer than sitting in a crowded restaurant, anyway.
—Cool. It will be like a picnic.
—But it would be difficult to get into the seats in the cinema.
— 5 However, I am sure I would be able to sit in the aisle.
A. Well, I would need help to get into the cinema.
B. Where should we go first?
C. But what about the restaurant?
D. Can you help me?
E. After lunch we will go to the cinema.
F. It is hard to get into the restaurant to get drink.
G. No problem.
答案解析
Ⅰ.【文章大意】本文通过讲述美国阿拉斯加州起初因为人们的滥捕滥杀, 导致狼这种动物几乎濒临灭绝, 后来政府通过立法对狼进行了保护, 但不久狼又泛滥成灾这一事例, 说明了保持生态平衡的重要性。全文还讲了生态平衡遭到破坏后, 狼的数量的增加给狼及当地人们所带来的损害。
1.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。过去人们大量捕杀狼, 然而后来国家通过法律保护狼, 因此前后为转折关系。But也可表示转折, 但but是连词, 不用逗号分开。
2. 【解析】选B。前后照应题。此空从前文because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sports得出。
3.【解析】选D。背景常识题。有的人捕杀狼是为了它们的皮。
4. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。因为有法律保护狼, 因此狼的数量增加了。
5. 【解析】选D。习语搭配题。从空后的their own food 看, 本空应该填“毁灭”。
6. 【解析】选A。背景常识题。狼太多了, 它们破坏了自己的食物供应。
7.【解析】选B。词汇复现题。下文中的People there also hunt deer. . . 等一系列关于鹿的叙述为重要提示。
8.【解析】选C。词汇复现题。文章一直在探讨食物链的问题, 上下文中几处有“food”这一重要线索。
9. 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。在此A有较大干扰性, 作者说寒冷的冬季及食物的变化对鹿伤害极大, 但还不至于死亡。下一句“当鹿找不到食物时, 它们就会死亡”也能说明这一点。
10.【解析】选D。气候的寒冷和植物的变化……。
11.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。鹿找不到足够的食物便会死亡。
12. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。如果狼继续杀死大量的鹿, 鹿总有一天会灭绝, 狼也会。
13. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从空后的some day看, 作者在讲述未来的结果, 联系空前的内容, 鹿有一天会灭绝。
14.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。基于上面的原因, 我们应该改变这样的食物圈。
15.【解析】选A。词语辨析题。在此B有较大干扰性, keep. . . from意思是“阻止……做某事”, 而save. . . from意思是“从……中把……挽救出来”。
16.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从下文我们得知, 如果狼得不到足够的鹿, 它们就会去袭击鸡等, 因此保护好鹿, 也会使some farm animals得到保护。
17. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。hare的意思是“野兔”, 它不是农场的动物, 因此B不合题意; 在C、D项中, cows是较容易捕杀的, 因此D为最佳答案。
18.【解析】选C。词语辨析题。want the United States government to do符合句意。A、D显然不合题意, insist形成的搭配为insist on doing, 而不可以是insist sb. to do sth. 。
19. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从空后的to study the problem可知答案。
20. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。他们认为在有的地区捕杀狼而在数量少的地方保护狼是有必要的。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一种可以帮助人们拯救受伤的动物的应用软件, 这种应用软件可以给人们提供附近的救助信息等。
1. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话, 可知假如你自己独自帮助那些受伤的动物的话, 会造成更大的伤害。
2. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。结合第四段以及第五段的第一句话, 知道这是一个手机应用软件。
3. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。结合最后一段, 他认为这个应用软件只要在科罗拉多都能使用。
4. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科研人员开发了一种应用软件, 可以提供救助一些受伤动物的信息来帮助人们拯救这些动物的情况。
【文章大意】非洲的森林里有一种小鸟, 经常引导其他的动物或者人类寻找到美味的蜂蜜。而它们得到的回报则是蜂房里的蜂蜡——那才是它们的最爱。
5. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. “这些蜂巢通常高高挂在树上, 并且寻找它们(蜂巢)很困难”可知选B项。
6. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。联系前面句子中的“. . . the curious animal or person”可知, 这里是说那些寻找蜂蜜的动物或人。
7. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。蜂蜜向导鸟获得食物的方式比较特别。The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people.
8. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了能够作为蜂蜜向导的小鸟, 所以D项符合文章的主旨大意。
【拓展题型训练】
阅读第二节
答案: 1~5. DBECA
情景对话
答案: 1~5. BEGCA
Module 6 Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
阅读理解
A
At the beginning of the 20th century there were more than a million lions worldwide. Today there are less than 30, 000 in the wild. The remaining lions are increasingly threatened by habitat loss, hunting and activities to protect farms and cattle.
For generations, Masai tribesmen on the large African plains in southeastern Kenya have hunted lions—to protect their farms and cattle. Today they celebrate the lions’ life.
Noah is an elder in the Masai community. “We have decided as a community of the Masai to lay down our spears, and there will be no more killing of lions in our community. ”
Conservation International’s Frank Hawkins explains, “The Masai have been living with wildlife for many generations and it has been a conflicting relationship in many ways. They compete with the animals for food as lions eat their cattle. We’re trying to find ways in which the wildlife will become something useful to them. ”They had the Predator Compensation Fund founded in 2003. After much discussion, a group of Masai farmers agreed to protect lions. In turn, if lions or other predators kill their cattle, the Masai owners will be paid market value for the dead animals from the fund.
One man said that in the past, when a lion killed cattle, they killed it on the spot. And now, after the start of the program, the Masai see the lion population growing. Since 2003, only four lions have been killed here, but up to now, the number of the lions hasn’t increased quickly.
1. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The wildlife in the world.
B. Lions and the Masai.
C. The reason why lions are killed.
D. The living ways of the Masai.
2. What is the aim of the Predator Compensation Program?
A. To protect people in the wild.
B. To help the Masai protect their farms and cattle.
C. To protect lions only.
D. To protect the wildlife.
3. Masai tribesmen killed lions before 2003 .
A. because lions were dangerous for people there
B. because dead lions were worth a lot of money
C. because they wanted lions’ meat
D. because they wanted to protect their farms and cattle
4. According to the passage, why haven’t Masai tribesmen killed any lions since 2003?
A. Because lions don’t eat their cattle any more.
B. Because they will be fined if they kill lions there.
C. Because if a lion kills their cattle, they will be paid for the dead animals from the fund.
D. Because there are less than 30, 000 lions in the wild now.
5. What do you think of the Masai?
A. Reasonable. B. Cruel.
C. Poor. D. Stupid.
B
Animal Conservation
Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger. Finding ways to protect the earth’s wildlife and conserve the natural world they inhabit(居住)is now more important than ever.
The Dodo
The Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth’s biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.
Rhinos
The Rhino(犀牛)horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves. Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers.
The Giant Panda
The future of the WWF’s symbol is far from certain. As few as 1, 000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals. However, the panda’s distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose(造成)one of the most serious threats to the animals.
Whales
Despite the fact that one-third of the world’s oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries(保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions(碰撞)with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.
Tigers
The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5, 000 and 7, 000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tigers’ bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.
6. It implies that .
A. the Dodo lacked the ability to protect itself from other animals
B. sailors to the Island of Mauritius lived mainly on the Dodo
C. the Dodo used to be a strong animal that liked fighting
D. the Dodo, pigs, monkeys and rats were the natives to the Island of Mauritius
7. Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text?
A. The Dodo, Rhino and Giant Panda.
B. The Rhino, Whale and South China Tiger.
C. The Rhino, Panda, Whale and Tiger.
D. The Dodo and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers.
8. can serve as a cure for certain diseases.
A. The whale’s rich oil
B. The panda’s black and white patched coat
C. The Rhino horn and tigers’ bones and organs
D. The Dodo’s delicious meat
9. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The number of South China tigers has reached crisis point.
B. Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity.
C. People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.
D. The whale is the representing mark for the WWF.
10. Which of the following is mentioned in all the descriptions of those wild animals?
A. The way of their life.
B. The reason for their extinction or being in danger.
C. Why they are hunted.
D. Punishment for hunting wild animals.
C
(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)
Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter(住所)as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
11. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?
A. They are often forgotten by their owners.
B. They are used to living outdoors.
C. They build their own shelters.
D. They like to stay in warm places.
12. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?
A. To know when to bring them inside.
B. To keep them from eating bad food.
C. To help them find shelters.
D. To keep them company.
13. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may .
A. run short of clean water
B. dig deep holes for fun
C. dirty the snow nearby
D. get lost in the wild
14. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To solve a problem.
B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story.
D. To present a research result.
【拓展题型训练】
阅读第二节
(2013·沈阳高二检测)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A major source of teens’ stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?
Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work. 1 What he looks for is your presence—to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with him quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express his worries and fears, but don’t let him focus on those fears.
Help him get organized. 2 Together, you and your teen can work out a time-table in which he can study for what he knows will be on the test.
Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy. Give him a nutritious diet. It’s important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do his best. 3 If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.
4 Persuade your teen to get some sleep and/or do something active when he needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance his time so that he will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.
Show a positive attitude. 5 Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for his efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.
A. A parent’s attitude will dictate their teen’s emotions.
B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.
C. They will only make the situation worse.
D. Encourage your teen to relax.
E. The best thing is simply to listen.
F. Help your teen think about what he has to study and plan accordingly.
G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves.
答案解析
【文章大意】马赛人有保护牛而射杀狮子的历史, 在“捕食性动物补偿计划”实施后他们开始保护这些野生动物。
1. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 因为狮子经常吃掉马赛人的牲口, 所以马赛人杀死狮子, 因而导致狮子的数量减少, 在“捕食性动物补偿计划”实施之后, 马赛人得到了补偿, 所以不再杀害狮子, 所以文章主要是关于马赛人与狮子之间的关系。
2. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。本文虽然主要谈论了“捕食性动物补偿计划”怎样保护狮子, 但该计划并不只是为了保护狮子。第四段中的We’re trying to find ways in which the wildlife will become something useful to them. 说明“捕食性动物补偿计划”是为了保护所有的野生动物。
3. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段. . . —to protect their farms and cattle. Today they celebrate the lions’ life. 可看出马赛人是为了保护他们的农场和牛才杀死狮子的; 而第四段中的They compete with the animals for food as lions eat their cattle. 是指马赛人与动物们争抢食物。动物们猎杀他们饲养的牛, 他们就杀死这些动物以此来减少损失, 这句并不是说马赛人猎杀狮子是为了吃它们的肉。
4. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。从最后一段第二句可知现在如果有狮子或别的食肉类动物杀死了他们的牛, 他们就可以从“捕食性动物补偿基金”里获得补偿, 所以他们没必要再杀狮子了。
5. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从为了保护牲口不得已而杀狮子, 到得到补偿后同意保护狮子, 都显示了马赛人是很通情达理的。
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了五种野生动物及其(濒临)灭绝的原因。
6. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。从文章中的“flightless, easily controlled”等词可推测出嘟嘟鸟缺少保护自己的能力。
7. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681. ”一句可判断Dodo是灭绝的动物之一, 再根据最后一段中的“the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct”一句可得出其他几种。
8. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章的第三段和最后一段提到“犀牛角和虎骨及器官”有很高的药用价值。
9. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第四段中的“The future of the WWF’s symbol is far from certain. ”一句可得出“世界自然保护基金组织”的图案标志是“大熊猫”, 而不是“鲸”。
10. 【解析】选B。文章结构题。针对五种野生动物介绍, 内容不尽相同, 有的介绍了人们为什么猎取它们; 有的介绍了这些野生动物剩余的数量; 有的介绍了对于猎取野生动物的惩罚手段, 但有一点是相同的, 即: 嘟嘟鸟灭绝的原因以及其他四种野生动物濒临灭绝的原因。
【文章大意】本文主要介绍在天气寒冷的时候, 怎样使你的宠物又暖和又安全。宠物也喜欢待在温暖的室内。如果需要让它们待在户外, 一定要多留心, 给它们提供良好的住所、饮用水等。
11. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合第一段的“Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter as they are. ”可推知宠物也像人们一样, 喜欢待在温暖的环境中, 因此选D。A项中的“被主人忘记”, 与原文的“忘记它们喜欢温暖的地方”不一致; B项是人们的错误的认识; 没有提到C项。
12. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。结合第二段的“When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. ”可知是如果你感到冷了, 这个时候你的宠物们也需要进入室内了, 所以选A。B项“阻止它们吃坏的食物”; C项“帮助它们找到庇护所”; D项“同它们做伴”, 均与原文的意思不符。
13. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从最后一段的“Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. ”可知在寒冷的天气里, 水会被冻住, 因此宠物们可能会缺水喝。B项中“for fun”错误; C项“把附近的雪弄脏”; D项“在野外迷路”, 与原文信息不符。
14. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主要是对那些养宠物的人们提出建议: 在寒冷的天气里, 怎样照顾好他们的宠物。因此选B。A项“解决问题”; C项“讲述一个有趣的故事”; D项“呈现一个研究结果”, 与作者的意图不符。
【拓展题型训练】
答案: 1~5. EFBDA
课件52张PPT。Module 6 Animals in Danger
Grammar
复习定语从句【探究寻规】
用下面的关系词填空。
who, whom, which, that, whose, as, where, when, why
①The man ________ lives next to us is my English teacher.
②Those ____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
③This is the shop ______ we have just been treated badly.
④Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?
⑤October1, 1949is the day __________ we’ll never forget. who/thatwhowherewhenthat/which⑥The pencil with ______ he wrote was broken.
⑦She has three children, all of ______ are at school.
⑧The reason ____ he was fired was not known to us.
⑨___we all know, the climate is changeable now.
⑩This book belongs to Jane, ______ mother is a professor. whichwhomwhyAswhose【语法精点】
一、基础点拨
(一)定义
在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句常出现在先行词之后, 由关系代词或关系副词引导。
先行词: 定语从句在句中作定语, 修饰名词或代词, 被修饰的名词或代词就是先行词。
关系词: 引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词。关系词的作用有三个: 一、引导定语从句; 二、代替先行词; 三、在定语从句中担当一定的成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose, as等。
关系副词: when, where, why等。 (二)关系代词的功能
1. 关系代词的基本用法： *He is the man(whom/that)I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(关系词作宾语, 可省略)
*Is there anyone in your department whose father is a painter?
你们系里有谁的父亲是画家吗? (关系词作定语)
*This is the place which we visited.
这是我们参观过的地方。(关系词作宾语, 可省略)
*Those who are going, come here.
要去的人到这儿来。
*The exams were put off, which was exactly what we wanted. 各门考试都推迟了, 这正是我们希望的。【名师点津】关系代词作从句的主语时, 从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词取得一致; 先行词为一个句子时, 从句谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。 2. 只用that的情况：
(1)先行词为all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等不定代词时;
*I mean the one that was bought yesterday.
我指的是昨天买的那个。
(2)先行词被形容词最高级或被the only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时;
*It is the most important task that should be finished soon.
这是必须马上完成的最重要的任务。 (3)先行词为数词或被序数词(含last)修饰时;
*Look at these flowers. You can see the two that you gave me. 瞧这些花, 你能看到你给我的那两朵。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时;
*We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下深刻的印象。 (5)先行词在主句中作表语, 或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
*It’s a book that will help you a lot.
这是一本对你很有帮助的书。
*My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的故乡现在已不再是过去的那个面貌了。【巧学助记】 口诀巧辨that/which
that, which可互换, 以下情况要注意;
逗号后面非限制, 介词后面用which;
very, first加名词, 使用that不迟疑;
先行词前最高级, 尽量避免用which;
不定代词疑问词, 全用that准没事。 (三)关系副词的功能 *He came at a time when we needed help. (when在定语从句中作时间状语)
他在我们需要人帮忙的时候来了。
*The place where we’re to have the Speech Contest has not been decided yet. (where在定语从句中作地点状语)
我们举行演讲比赛的地点还未定下来。
*He didn’t tell her the reason why he was so happy. (why在定语从句中作原因状语)
他没有告诉她他那么高兴的原因。 (四)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. 何时用: 关系代词which, whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 可以构成“介词+which/whom”。
*This is the room in which he used to live. (不能用that代替which)
=This is the room(which/that)he used to live in.
这是他过去居住过的房间。 2. 如何用: “介词+which”先行词为事或物; “介词+whom”先行词指人。
*Who’s the man with whom you just shook hands? (不能用that代替whom)=Who’s the man(that/whom)you just shook hands with?
刚才你与他握手的那个人是谁?
3. 如何选择介词: 一般根据动词的需要(如与动词形成固定搭配), 或者根据先行词来决定(如先行词常与之搭配)。
*There is a mountain the top of which is always covered with snow. 有一座山顶总是覆盖着雪的山。【名师点津】像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定动词短语, 在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。 *This is the personwho/whom/that you are looking for. 这就是你在找的那个人。 (五)定语从句的种类
在英文中, 有两种定语从句: 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。 *The old man has a son, who is in the army. (非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。暗含“老人只有一个儿子”之意)
这位老人有一个儿子, 他在部队工作。
*The old man has a son who is in the army. (限定性定语从句对先行词son进行限定、修饰。暗含“这位老人还有其他的儿子在干别的工作”之意)
那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。 二、难点突破
1. as与which引导非限定性定语从句时的区别： *As is known to all of us, Professor Li is extremely popular among students.
如我们大家所知, 李教授极受学生们的欢迎。
*Tom did really well in his exams, which was a big surprise.
汤姆考得很好, 真令人惊讶。 2. 含义较为抽象的先行词。
当先行词为point, case, situation, stage等时, 其定语从句常用where来引导; 当先行词为occasion等时, 其定语从句常用when来引导。
*We will see a case where the music could cure people.
我们将要看到音乐能给人治病的案例。
*Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我有时间和我的孩子们度过一天的机会是很少的。 3. 表示“方式, 方法”的way作先行词。
way作先行词意为“方式, 方法”时, 其后面的定语从句可用that或in which引导, 也可省略关系词。
*We don’t like the way(that/in which)you speak to us.
我们不喜欢你对我们说话的方式。【高考体验】
定语从句解题技巧:
1. 分清主从句, 找出定语从句。
2. 明确定语从句中所缺成分。
3. 明确使用关系代词或副词。
4. 确定关系词, 需要选介词的还需要确定介词。1. (2013·湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those ______ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. whom B. who C. what D. which
解题关键: 明确those指人和从句缺少主语。
思路分析: 选B。句意: 幸福与成功总会降临在那些善于意识到自己的长处的人。who在句中引导定语从句, 且在从句中作主语。whom引导定语从句时也修饰人, 但是在从句中作宾语或用于“介词+whom”结构中。2. (2013·江苏高考)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ______he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A. where B. which
C. what D. when解题关键: 明确先行词是passion和关系词在从句中作starting的宾语。
思路分析: 选B。考查定语从句。句意: 世界银行的总裁说他热爱中国, 这种热爱早在他的童年时代就开始了。此句中passion(热爱, 激情)为先行词, 在定语从句中starting之后缺少宾语, 因此排除A、D两项, when和where为关系副词, 不能充当主语或宾语。C项的what不能引导定语从句, 故选B。3. (2013·北京高考)Many countries are now setting up national parks ______ animals and plants can be protected.
A. when B. which C. whose D. where
解题关键: where引导定语从句, 修饰parks。
思路分析: 选D。考查定语从句。句意: 现在很多国家都在建国家公园, 在那里动植物能得到保护。先行词为national parks, 在从句中作地点状语, 故选用关系副词where。4. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)“You can’t judge a book by its cover, ”______.
A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying
思路分析: 选C。句意: 常言道: “人不可貌相”。as引导非限制性定语从句时, 从句用正常的语序, as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。as the old saying goes是固定表达, 表示“常言道, 俗话说”。5. (2013·浙江高考)The children, ______had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what B. all of which
C. all of them D. all of whom
思路分析: 选D。考查定语从句。句意: 孩子们都累了, 他们都玩了一整天。该定语从句的先行词为children, 定语从句的引导词在从句中作介词of的宾语, 只能用whom。故选D。6. (2012·湖南高考)Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. what B. in what C. which D. in which思路分析: 选D。句意: 心灵的护理是一个渐进的过程, 在这个过程中, 甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。定语从句为被动语态, 即从句中不缺宾语, 且其有主语the small details of life, 故排除C项; what不引导定语从句, 排除A项; 介词后只能接which或whom, 排除B项, 故选D项。process常与in连用, 故用in which引导非限定性定语从句, which代指前面的process。Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2013·郑州高二检测)The first snow didn’t fall until February in our province this year, ______was unexpected.
A. it B. which C. that D. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 我们省今年的第一场雪直到二月才下, 这出乎意料。第二个分句为非限制性定语从句。关系代词which指代前面的整个句子, 在定语从句中作主语。2. This is the only one of the students ______ in the exam.
A. which fails B. which fail
C. who fail D. who fails
【解析】选D。考查定语从句中的关系代词和主谓一致。此处先行词是the only one, 不是the students, 所以定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式, 且此处修饰的是人, 故选D。【知识拓展】
定语从句中的主谓一致
定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数应视先行词的单复数而定。先行词是单数形式, 定语从句中的谓语动词也用单数形式; 先行词是复数形式, 定语从句中的谓语动词也用复数形式。由此可知, 要想正确判断定语从句中的主谓一致, 关键是找对定语从句中的主语。例如:
A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health. (who指代a person, 所以谓语动词用单数)
医生就是照顾人们健康的人。These are old computers which work much slower. (which指代computers, 所以谓语动词用复数形式)
这些是工作起来速度较慢的旧电脑。
Mr Smith lives in a quiet village, around which are some high mountains. (定语从句是倒装句, 主语是some high mountains, 所以谓语动词用复数形式)
史密斯先生住在一个安静的村庄, 村庄的周围是一些高山。注意: one of +复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词复数形式; the (only) one of +复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词单数形式。
Jim is one of the boys who are good at swimming in our class. 吉姆是我们班里擅长游泳的男生之一。
Jim is the only one of the boys who is good at swimming in our class. 吉姆是我们班里唯一擅长游泳的男生。 3. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of ______ are healthy.
A. that B. which C. what D. whom
【解析】选D。句意: 我们不应该把钱花在对这么多人的体检上, 他们大多数是健康的。此题考查“代词/名词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 先行词为people且作of的宾语, 故选whom。4. (2013·西安高二检测)Put yourself in situations ______ you will be forced to communicate in English, and you will see more progress over time.
A. when B. that C. where D. how
【解析】选C。句意: 把自己置身于被迫用英语交流的环境中, 过段时间你会看到自己更多的进步。where=in which引导定语从句, 修饰先行词situations, 将其放入定语从句为: in the situations, you will be forced to communicate in English。5. Is there anyone in your class ______ family is in the country?
A. who B. that
C. which D. whose
【解析】选D。考查引导定语从句的关系词。句意: 在你们班, 有家在农村的吗? 根据句意和句子结构可知, ______family is in the country是定语从句修饰anyone, 定语从句中缺少定语修饰family。表示“他/她的家庭”。whose可以作定语表示“某人的或某物的”。故选D。6. (2013·济南高二检测)People who seldom do sports or ______ diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly.
A. who B. whose C. which D. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的人体重会增加很快。whose diet is high in fat是定语从句, 修饰先行词people, 且whose在从句中作定语。7. I think it is a very interesting book ______ is well worth reading, ______I have never read before.
A. that; the one B. which; one
C. which; the one D. what; one
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 我认为这是一本很有趣很值得一读的书, 一本以前我没有读过的书。先行词为a very interesting book, 在从句中作主语, 可以用which或that, one是a very interesting book的同位语, 后接一个定语从句, 连词that在从句中作宾语, 因此省略。故选B。8. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment______.
A. which they are happening
B. when they are happening
C. which they happen
D. they have happened
【解析】选B。句意: 电视机使得我们第一时间看到所发生的一切。先行词为the exact moment。故选B。9. “You’ll have to wait for two hours, ______is, about11: 30, ______the medical report will come out, ”the doctor said to me.
A. that; when B. which; that
C. that; before D. which; when
【解析】选A。句意: “你还得等上两个小时, 也就是等到十一点半, 这也是医疗结果出来的时候。”医生对我说。第一空that is=that is to say, 前后意义相等。第二空是一个定语从句, 先行词为11: 30, 故用when或at which引导定语从句。10. —Is that the small town you often refer to?
—Right, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【解析】选C。答句句意: 对, 就是那个你知道的我过去工作了好几年的地方。该题有两个特点: 一是区分关系代词和关系副词的用法, 这里先行词the one在从句中充当的是I used to work的地点状语, 因此需要由关系副词引导, 而不能选择关系代词; 二是题干设计颇有干扰性, 命题者在定语从句部分加入了“you know”这一插入语, 很容易让学生误以为先行词在从句中作know的宾语而选择了关系代词。11. Was it in the village ______ we used to live in ______ the accident happened?
A. where; that B. which; that
C. that; where D. where; which
【解析】选B。句意: 正是在我们过去住过的村里发生了这起事故吗? 第一个空需要定语从句的引导词which, 在从句中当介词in的宾语, 第二个空是强调句型的that。先把问句转换为陈述语序, 即: The accident happened in the village which we used to live in. 然后分析强调句型中被强调部分带有一个定语从句。 12. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand? ”
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
【解析】选C。引语句意: 附近有没有一家医院, 我可以去买一些药治我的手伤? 句中的around不是介词, 而是副词, 意为“在附近”; 其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital, 故选C项, 而不选B项。13. She says that she’ll never forget the time ______ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
【解析】选A。句意: 她说她永远不会忘记她在我们公司当秘书时度过的那段时间。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来, 若用作主语或宾语, 用关系代词; 若用作状语, 则用关系副词。此题中的动词spent缺宾语, 故应用关系代词which或that。14. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
【解析】选C。句意: 这部电影把我带回到了在那个遥远的村庄我被好好照顾的时光。先行词为the hours, 放入从句为I was taken good care of in that faraway village during the hours. 先行词在从句中作时间状语, 故用when, 相当于during which, 故答案为C。15. He talked about the classmates and the school ______ he had visited.
A. who B. that
C. which D. about which
【解析】选B。考查先行词既指人又指物的定语从句的引导词。先行词为the classmates and the school, 从句为he had visited, 二者构成的完整句为He had visited the classmates and the school. 所以先行词在限定性定语从句中作visited的宾语使用, 从B、C两项中选择, 但当先行词既指人又指物时, 宜用that不用which。因此答案为B项。Ⅱ. 句型转换(把下面的句子变成含有定语从句的复合句)
1. He lives in a hotel. It is only five minutes’ walk from here.
→He lives in a hotel_______________________________
__________.
2. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works. They are known to us.
→The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works__________________.
3. I didn’t like the way. She looked at me in this way.
→I didn’t like the way___________________________. which/that is only five minutes’walk from herethat are known to us(that/in which)she looked at me4. I have seen some plants. Their flowers open at sunrise and close at sunset.
→I have seen some plants, ______________________________
_____________.
5. On the train I saw a student. I thought she was your sister.
→On the train I saw a student, __________________________.
6. Winter is the time of year. During this time the days are short and the nights are long.
→Winter is the time of year, ____________________________
__________________________. whose flowers open at sunrise and close at sunsetwho I thought was your sisterwhen/during which the days are short and the nights are long7. He has three sons. None of them lives with him.
→He has three sons, _________________________.
8. I don’t like the job. I have to do a lot of things in it.
→I don’t like the job______________________________. none of whom lives with himin which I have to do a lot of things课件110张PPT。Module 6 Animals in Danger
Integrating SkillsⅠ. 速记单词
根据汉语写出单词。
(1)____ (n. )目标; 目的
(2)_______ (vt. )涉及; 包括
(3)_______ (n. )奇迹
(4)_____ (n. )昆虫
(5)______ (n. )鲸
(6)_____ (n. )边缘aiminvolvewonderinsectwhalebrink(7)______ (n. )首字母
(8)_______ (n. )分支机构; 办事处
(9)_____ (n. )焦点; 集中点
(10)_____ (vt. )浪费
(11)_______ (vt. )监测
(12)____(adj. )活的→(同义词)alive / living
(13)lay(vt. )产卵; 下蛋→(过去式、过去分词)____, ____
(14)_________(n. )灭绝; 绝种→extinct (adj. )灭绝的
(15)_________(n. )大陆; 洲→continental (adj. )大陆的
(16)energy(n. )能源; 能量→________(adj. )精力充沛的initialbranchfocuswastemonitorlivelaidlaidextinctioncontinentenergeticⅡ. 短语互译
(1)on the increase _________
(2)be home to. . . ___________
(3)in the wild _______
(4)be concerned about sth. __________________
(5)keep an eye on __________
(6)go for sb. _________
(7)on the brink of extinction _________正在增加……的产地在野外关心某事; 担心某事注意; 看守攻击某人濒临灭绝(8)(动物)以……为食 _______
(9)代表 ________
(10)对……有影响 _________________
(11)建立; 设立 ______feed onstand forhave an effect on. . .set upⅢ. 完成句子
1. 今天全国有30多个该组织成员在从事着20个项目的工作。
Today _____________________________________ twenty projects all over the country. (there be+主语+doing sth. )
2. 仅大约有1000只存活下来, 其中大部分在西伯利亚。
Only about1, 000survive, ____________________. (独立主格结构)there are more than thirty staff working onmost of them in Siberia3. 世界自然基金组织认为只有人们学会保护自然, 不浪费能源, 我们的世界才有未来。
The WWF believes that our world has a future____________
learn toconserve nature and not waste energy. (only if引导限制性条件句)
4. 20世纪80年代, 世界自然基金组织开始关注所有对环境造成影响的活动, 如污染和我们使用能源的方法。
In the1980s the WWF became interested in all activities
___________________________________, such as pollution
and the way _____________ (which引导定语从句及the way作先行词时的定语从句)only if peoplewhich have an effect on the environmentwe use energy. 1. aim n. 目标, 目的vt. &vi. 力求达到; 力争做到
【语境领悟】
①The World Wide Fund for Nature is an organisation whose aim is to protect wildlife. 世界自然基金组织是一个以保护野生动植物为目的的组织。
②He aimed (his gun) at the target, fired but missed it.
他(用枪)瞄准目标开火, 却未打中。③I hope our government can pass a policy aimed at reducing waste.
我希望我们的政府能够通过一项针对减少浪费的政策。
④What do you aim to do in the coming year?
来年你想做什么? 【归纳拓展】
(1)with the aim of 目的是……
take aim at 瞄准, 对准
(2)aim. . . at. . . (用……)瞄准, 对准
aim to do sth. 目标是做某事
be aimed at 针对; 瞄准【巧学助记】 瞄准目标学aim【即学活用】
①20个学生想上这个课, 这个课的目的是教学生如何快速阅
读。
Twenty students want to attend the class that aims _______ them how to read fast.
②许多人到大城市是为了找到更好的工作。
Many people go to big cities _____________ finding better jobs. to teachwith the aim of2. lay vt. 产卵; 下蛋; 放置, 搁置; 铺
【语境领悟】
①A reptile has cold blood and lays eggs.
爬行动物是冷血动物并且产卵。
②He laid the book on the bookshelf a moment ago.
他刚才把这本书放在了书架上。
③The new subway is being laid.
新地铁正在铺设。④He laid down his pen and picked up arms.
他弃笔从戎。
⑤They were laid off because of the lack of new orders.
由于没有新的订单, 他们被解雇了。【归纳拓展】
lay down 放下; 使躺下
lay off 解雇, 下岗【即学活用】
(2010·山东高考)The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying
C. to lay D. being laid
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 起居室干净整洁, 有一张为即将做好的饭摆放好的餐桌。根据句意可知此处table和lay之间是动宾关系, 由already可知lay这一动作已完成, 所以用过去分词。3. wonder n. 奇迹; 惊讶, 惊奇
v. 想知道, 纳闷, 对……感到疑惑【语境领悟】
①The Niagara Falls is one of the natural wonders of the world.
尼亚加拉瀑布是世界天然奇景之一。
②It’s a wonder you recognized me after all these years.
让人惊奇的是这么多年之后你还认得我。
③We are wondering about next month for the wedding.
我们正考虑着下个月举行婚礼。
④I wonder/was wondering if you could post this letter for me.
不知你可不可以帮我把这封信寄出去。【归纳拓展】
(1)(It’s)no wonder(that). . . 难怪……
It’s a wonder(that). . . 令人惊奇的是……
(2)wonder about sth. 自忖; 考虑
wonder at sth. 对……感到惊奇
wonder+wh-/how/ if/whether(从句)
想知道……/对……疑惑
wonder+that(从句) 对……感到惊讶【巧学助记】 联想记忆wonder/wander【即学活用】完成句子。
①她奇怪这么少的钱他们是如何对付的。
She _____________ they had managed with so little money.
②昨晚你喝了这么多酒, 难怪你头痛。
_____________ you’ve got a headache when you drank so much last night. wondered howIt’s no wonder4. focus n. 焦点; 集中点
v. 把……集中于, 对准焦距
【语境领悟】
①The focus of attention has changed, too.
关注的焦点也发生了变化。
②That Sun Li acted as Zhen Huan has made her the focus of concern.
孙俪扮演甄嬛, 使得她成为关注的焦点。③I got her in focus before I took the photo.
我在给她拍摄前先把焦距调好。
④This photograph looks funny; I think you forgot to focus the camera. 这张照片看上去有些滑稽; 我想你是忘了给照相机调焦距了。
⑤You guys! Focus your attention on your work.
伙计们! 把注意力集中在你们的工作上。【归纳拓展】
(1)the focus of attention/concern 注意/关注的焦点
in focus 清晰的; 焦点对准的
out of focus 不清晰的; 没有对准的
(2)focus one’s attention/energy on. . .
集中注意力/精力于……
focus on/upon 集中于; 关注于; 致力于【巧学助记】 聚焦focus【即学活用】
①The discussion______three main problems at yesterday’s meeting.
A. put on B. situated on
C. located in D. focused on
【解析】选D。句意: 昨天的会议集中讨论了三个主要问题。focus on“集中于……”, 符合题意。put on穿上, 演出。B、C两项皆为“坐落于”之意。②(2010·江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he______more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused
C. would focus D. had focused
【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意: 乔治打算谈一下他自己国家的地理, 但我倒宁愿他多谈一谈其文化。would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟, 要用动词的过去式, 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟要用过去完成式。故选B项。5. be concerned about / for sth. 关心某事; 担心某事
【语境领悟】
①I’m concerned about the future of wildlife in Africa.
我担心非洲野生生物的未来。【归纳拓展】
be concerned in/ with sth. 和某事有牵连, 与某事有关
so/ as far as. . . be concerned 就……来说/而论
concern oneself with/in/about sth.
忙于某事; 关心某事
have no concern with sth. 同某事没有关系
show concern for sb. 对某人表示关心②The World Cup taking place in Germany concerns all the fans throughout the world.
在德国举行的世界杯足球赛影响到全世界所有的球迷们。
③There’s no need to concern yourself with this matter; we’re dealing with it. 你不用管这事, 我们正在处理它。
④Some people don’t show much concern for our environment. 有些人不太关心我们的环境。【即学活用】完成句子。
①It is reported that the pop singer is ______________ selling drug. 据报道, 那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。
②The _________ parents were all _________ for the children’s safety.
忧心忡忡的家长们都为孩子们的安全担忧。
③______________________, some “Da Yaos” have been arrested by our government to clear the speeches on the Internet recently.
据我所知, 最近我们政府逮捕了一些“大谣”们以肃清网络语言。concerned withconcernedconcernedAs far as I am concerned6. feed on(动物)以……为食
【语境领悟】
①They feed mostly on insects and small reptiles, but also eat fish and frogs.
它们主要以昆虫和小的爬行动物为食, 也吃鱼和青蛙。【归纳拓展】feed的相关短语
feed sth. with sth. 给……供应(燃料等)
feed sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
feed up (用大量食物) 养肥, 养壮
be fed up with 感到厌烦
feed on sb. 依赖, 靠某人过日子
feed sth. to sb. /feed sb. on sth. 给某人喂……②Everybody but Tom is fed up with Susan’s story.
除了汤姆以外, 每个人都对苏珊的故事感到厌烦。
③What do you feed the pigs on?
=What do you feed to the pigs?
你们用什么饲料喂养那些猪? 【巧学助记】 漫话feed两短语feed the pig on food feed food to the patient【即学活用】完成句子。
①用小块的食品喂婴儿。
Feed the food __ the baby in small pieces.
②蝙蝠在夜间飞行, 以昆虫为食。
Bats fly at night and _______ insects. tofeed on③(2013·湖北高考)Butterflies______a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A. carry on B. feed on
C. put on D. focus on
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 蝴蝶食用花产生的甜的液态物, 这也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫采集的东西。A项“继续, 坚持”; B项“以……为食”; C项“穿上, 上演”; D项“聚焦, 集中”。根据句意可知选B项。7. set up建立, 设立
【语境领悟】
①Then, in 1995, the organisation set up an office in Beijing.
然后, 在1995年, 这个组织在北京设立了办事处。
②In the history of China, Bao Zheng was an honest official who set up a good example of anti-corruption(反贪污)both in theory and practice.
清官包拯, 是中国古代在反贪理论与实践中的一面旗帜。【归纳拓展】③She set about writing the novel. =She set out to write the novel. 她开始动手写小说了。
④Let’s set aside our personal feelings for now.
咱们暂时先把个人感情放下。【即学活用】
①那天我们开始粉刷整个房子但只完成了前面的部分。
We ______ to paint (=________ painting) the whole house but finished only the front part that day. set outset about②(2013·湖北高考)In much of the animal world, night is the time______for sleep—pure and simple.
A. set aside B. set down
C. set off D. set up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 在大多数动物世界里, 夜晚是专门留出睡觉的时间——纯粹而简单。A项“(专门)留出, 拨出”; B项“写下, 记下”; C项“动身, 出发, 引起, 引爆”; D项“建立”。根据句意可知选A项。8. Only about 1, 000 survive, most of them in Siberia.
仅大约有1000只存活下来, 其中大部分在西伯利亚。
【句式分析】
本句中的后半句用了“名词或代词主格+介词短语”的独立主格结构, 在句子中作定语。独立主格结构在句子中常作定语或状语, 它有以下几种: （1）名词或代词主格+分词
adj.
to do
介词短语
adv. (2)there being+n. /pron.
①Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper.
如果时间允许, 晚饭后我们可以到操场上散散步。
②Computers very small, we can use them widely.
电脑虽小, 我们却能广泛地利用它们。
③The last guest to arrive, our party was started.
最后一位客人到了, 我们的晚会就开始了。④There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks.
山谷中有一条河, 河两岸长满了鲜花。
⑤The lights off, we could not go on with the work.
灯熄了, 我们不能继续工作了。
⑥There being nothing else to do, we went home.
没有别的事可做, 我们就回家了。【名师点津】 独立主格如何“独立”
独立主格与状语从句的转换: 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时, 可用独立主格结构取代状语从句, 但不再保留连词。 After class was over(=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom. 下课后, 学生们很快离开了教室。【即学活用】对比选择最佳答案。
There I met several people, two of ______ being foreigners.
A. which B. them C. whom D. that
【解析】选B。句意: 在那儿我遇到了几个人, 其中两个是外国人。由句式结构可知逗号后为独立主格结构, 缺少主语, 故用them。 1. involve vt. 涉及; 包括, 使陷于; 牵涉, 拖累
【语境领悟】
①But the trade also involves live animals.
但这种贸易也涉及活的动物。
②The love involves both giving and receiving love.
爱情包括给予爱和得到爱两个方面。
③They involved all the children in the school play.
→All the children were involved in the school play.
所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的节目。【归纳拓展】
involve doing sth. 涉及/包括做某事
involve sb. /sth. in sth. 使某人/某物参与或陷入某情况
involved adj. 棘手的; 复杂的
be involved in 与……有关; 被卷入; 专心地(做)
(=be buried in / be devoted to)
④He was involved in working out a plan.
他专心致志地制订一份计划。【即学活用】
①Her job involves _______ (meet) different kinds of people.
②He tried hard to avoid ______________ (get involve) in it.
③(2013·西安高二检测)The young man ______ in studying paid no attention to the outside world.
A. involved B. involving
C. to be involved D. being involved
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 那个专心学习的年轻人对外部世界一点都不关注。这里involved in studying相当于定语从句who was involved in studying。meetinggetting involved2. live adj. 活的; 现场直播的vi. 居住
【语境领悟】
①We saw a real live rattlesnake.
我们看到了一条活生生的响尾蛇。
②The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.
在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。【易混辨析】【即学活用】
用live, alive和living填空。
①There was a basket of ____ fish in the restaurant.
②This evening there will be a ____ broadcast of the match.
③Many people are still buried _____ after the earthquake.
④She was still _____ when I reached the hospital.
⑤______ creatures are animals or plants that have life. livelivealivealiveLiving3. waste vt. 浪费n. 浪费, 废弃物, 垃圾adj. 废弃的
【语境领悟】
①It’s a wrong to waste so much food.
浪费这么多粮食是一件错事。
②Better not waste your time playing computer games.
最好不要把时间浪费在玩电脑游戏上。
③A wrong approach means a waste of effort.
方法不对等于白费劲儿。
④She tore up the letter and threw it into the waste basket.
她撕碎了信, 把它扔进废纸篓里。 【归纳拓展】waste +时间/金钱+(it is) a waste of. . . (这是)浪费……on + 名词/代词
把时间/金钱浪费在某事上
(in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金
钱做某事【即学活用】
—He says that my new car is a______of money.
—Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack B. load
C. question D. waste
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: ——他说我买的新车是浪费钱。——难道你不认为这些话只是吃不到葡萄却说葡萄酸吗? lack缺乏; load负担; question疑问; waste浪费; a waste of money浪费钱, 符合题意。4. keep an eye on照看, 留意
【语境领悟】
①I asked my neighbour to keep an eye on my house while I was away for the weekends.
在我外出度周末时, 我请邻居照看我的房子。【归纳拓展】
keep an eye open/out for sth. 密切注意某物; 提防某物
have an eye for sth. 对某物有鉴赏力
an eye for an eye(and a tooth for a tooth)
以眼还眼(以牙还牙)
②It is well-known that he has a good eye for chinaware.
众所周知, 他对陶瓷很有鉴赏力。【即学活用】猜猜汉意。
①If you follow the rule of“an eye for an eye”, you will go blind in the end.
如果你们遵循“___________”的原则, 终究会_________。
②Eyes front/ right/ left! (口令)____________
③She was so sad at the bad news that she cried her eyes out.
听到那个坏消息, 她_________。一报还一报两败俱伤向前/右/左看!痛哭流涕5. go for袭击(人)
【语境领悟】
①Mary went for him, gripping him by the throat.
玛丽扑向他, 紧紧地扼住他的喉咙。
②They have a high level of unemployment—but the same goes for many other countries.
它们的失业率很高——不过, 其他许多国家也是如此。
③It sounds a great idea. Go for it, John!
这听起来是个极好的主意。努力去实现它吧, 约翰!
④I don’t really go for modern art.
我并不是很喜欢现代艺术。【归纳拓展】go for适用于某人/某物
喜欢
选择，争取
袭击（人）
去叫（拿）【即学活用】
—Tell the men that they can rest for an hour.
—Does that ______ me, too?
A. do with B. go for
C. come with D. fit for
【解析】选B。句意: ——告诉那些人让他们休息一个小时。——那也适用于我吗? go for适用于某人/某物, 符合题意。6. stand for代表, 表示, 象征; 容忍; 支持; 主张
【语境领悟】
①The initials, WWF, stand for the World Wide Fund for Nature.
首字母WWF代表的是“世界自然保护基金会”。
②I won’t stand for being treated like a child.
我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。
③He hasn’t a leg to stand for his theory.
他的理论是站不住脚的。【归纳拓展】
stand out 突出, 显眼, 杰出
stand by 袖手旁观, 无动于衷
stand by/behind sb. 支持某人
stand aside 站到一边, 让开, 不参与, 袖手旁观
④His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
他身材高大, 使他在人群中突出。【巧学助记】 双图巧解stand短语【即学活用】用适当的介词、副词填空。
①What do the words PRC stand ___ in our China? Of course they stand ___ the People’s Republic of China.
②His height makes him stand ___ in the crowd.
③You cannot stand ___ and allow such a thing. forforoutby7. In the1980s the WWF became interested in all activities which have an effect on the environment, such as pollution and the way we use energy.
20世纪80年代, 世界自然基金组织开始关注所有对环境造成影响的活动, 如污染和我们使用能源的方法。【句式分析】
(1)这是一个复合句, 含有两个定语从句。
(2)which have an effect on the environment是定语从句
↓修饰
all activities
↑补充说明
such as pollution and the way we use energy
↓
we use energy是定语从句修饰the way(3)当way是先行词时, 若修饰它的定语从句中缺少状语, 这时用关系词that/in which, 也可以省略关系词。
①She was not on the train which arrived just now.
她不在刚刚到达的火车上。
②We don’t like the way (that/in which) you treat us.
我们不喜欢你对待我们的方式。【即学活用】
①(2013·山东高考)Finally he reached a lonely island
________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意: 最后他到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的孤岛。island后面是一个定语从句, 修饰island, 并且从句中缺少主语, 同时指物, 所以选C。而A项when及B项where在定语从句中分别作时间及地点状语; D项whom只能指人, 在定语从句中作宾语。②What moved me most was not the Father’s Day gift from my daughter, but ______ she presented it.
A. in the way B. the way which
C. in the way that D. the way
【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意: 让我感动的不是女儿送给我的父亲节礼物, 而是她送给我礼物的方式。the way引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式: that/in which/不填。in the way挡道, 妨碍某人, 在句中含义不对, 故选D。8. The WWF believes that our world has a future only if people learn to conserve nature and not waste energy.
世界自然基金组织认为只有人们学会保护自然, 不浪费能源, 我们的世界才有未来。【句式分析】
only if意为“只有”, 其引导的条件状语置于句首时, 主句中常用倒装句式。①I told him he would succeed only if he tried hard.
我告诉他, 只有努力才能成功。
②Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night.
只有患者情况紧急时, 你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。【易混辨析】③If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 要是他们现在在这里就好了, 我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。
④If only I were as clever as you!
要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊! 【即学活用】试一试你的翻译能力, 译小诗一首。
Only if we understand can we care;
Only if we care will we help;
Only if we help shall all be saved.
——Jane Goodall
【参考译文】
唯有了解, 我们才会关心;
唯有关心, 我们才会行动;
唯有行动, 生命才会有希望。
——珍妮·古道尔Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. For all these years, I have been working for others. I’ll ______ my own business someday.
A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set about
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这些年以来我一直为别人打工。我希望有朝一日可以创办自己的企业。表示“创办”企业, 用set up。set out出发; 着手做; set off出发; set about doing sth. 着手做。2. You should not waste more time ______ and you should take action.
A. to talk B. talk C. to talking D. talking
【解析】选D。waste time doing sth. 表示“浪费时间做某事”。【变式训练】
(2013·淄博高二检测)As he has ______ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.
A. consumed B. exhausted
C. wasted D. torn
【解析】选B。句意: 他耗尽了我们的耐心, 因此我们不再等他了。exhaust意思是“耗尽, 消耗”, 符合题意。consume消费; waste浪费; tear撕开。3. The popular letter “ V ”on the Internet ______ VIP, that is, the very important person.
A. stand for B. stands for
C. stand by D. stand out
【解析】选B。考查stand短语辨析。句意: 近来网上流行的字母大V代表的是VIP, 即贵宾账户。the popular letter为主语, 故排除A项, 而选B项。【变式训练】
John is a great dancer, he ______ above the rest for his perfect performance.
A. stands by B. stands out
C. lives on D. makes out
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意: 约翰是一个优秀的舞者, 他完美的表演使他从其他人中突显出来。stand out出色, 突出; stand by袖手旁观; live on靠……生活; make out辨别出; 填写, 理解。4. The meeting was concerned ______ reforms and everyone present was concerned ______ their own interests.
A. with; for B. with; with
C. for; about D. about; with
【解析】选A。考查固定用法。句意: 这次会议与改革有关, 在场的各位都很关心他们自己的个人利益。be concerned with“与……有关”; be concerned about/for“关注, 关心”。【变式训练】
______ maths is concerned, Tom is the best student in our class.
A. As long as B. As soon as
C. As for D. As far as
【解析】选D。考查固定短语。句意: 就数学而言, 汤姆是我们班最棒的学生。as far as sth. is concerned就某事而言; as long as只要; as soon as一……就……; as for至于。根据句意, 选D。5. Zhangjiajie is worth______. I have been there with my parents twice since2008.
A. being visited B. to visit
C. visiting D. to be visited
【解析】选C。句意: 张家界值得参观。自从2008年以来我和父母已经去过两次了。worth后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。6. A mind ______ doubt and fear cannot focus on the journey to victory.
A. focuses on B. focus on
C. focusing on D. focused on
【解析】选D。考查focus的非谓语动词形式。句意: 专注于怀疑和恐惧的心灵看不到胜利的方向。本句中用了过去分词短语作后置定语, 相当于定语从句which is focused on, 即focus one’s mind on doubt and fear。【变式训练】
If you ______ bright sunlight ______ dry wood with a magnifying glass, it will start burning.
A. expose; to B. concentrate; on
C. dim; at D. focus; on
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当你用一个放大镜把太阳光聚焦在一块干木头上, 木头不久就会燃烧。focus. . . on. . . 集中……于……, 调整焦点于……。7. Not far from the school there is a garden, ______owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its B. whose C. which D. that
【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意: 离学校不远处有个花园, 每天下午花园的主人都会和他的小孙子坐在里面下棋。seat为及物动词, 要么其后接人作宾语, 要么用被动语态, 故此题用了独立主格结构中的“名词或代词主格+分词”的用法, 故选A项。【易错误区】此题很容易误选B, 认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句, whose在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner。但实质上是错的, 原因是空格后根本不是一个句子, 因为没有谓语。若在seated前加上助动词is, 或将seated改为is sitting, 则选B项。8. The government is determined to put ______ all opposition.
A. down B. up C. forward D. on
【解析】选A。考查固定短语。句意: 政府决定镇压所有的反对派。put down镇压; put up举起, 建起; put forward提出; put on穿上。9. The boy ______ the flowers on the table, walked in and found her ______ on the bed watching television.
A. lay; lying B. laid; lying
C. lay; lie D. laid; lain
【解析】选B。句意: 男孩把花放在桌子上, 走进去, 发现她正躺在床上看电视。lay放置, 过去式和过去分词是laid; lie躺, 过去式和过去分词是lay和lain, 其v. -ing形式是lying。find sb. doing sth. 表示“发现某人正在做某事”。由此可知选B。10. It is thought that ______ we de-emphasise English scores on standardised tests, ______cool China’s obsession with the language.
A. only if; will we B. only if; we will
C. unless; will we D. unless; we will
【解析】选A。考查部分倒装。句意: 人们认为只有降低英语在高校标准入学考试中的分值, 我们才有可能使中国的英语热降温。当only if放在句首, 修饰状语从句、副词或介词短语时, 主句的谓语要部分前置, 构成部分倒装。11. —I just put my backpack on the chair, but now it’s gone. I bet someone stole it.
—Well, ______.
A. you should have kept an eye on it
B. don’t mention it
C. that’s no business of mine
D. pardon me【解析】选A。考查交际用语。句意: ——我就把背包放在椅子上了, 但现在不见了, 我打赌一定是有人偷走了。——唉, 你本应该看着点儿的。A项意为“你应该留心的”; B项意为“不用客气”; C项意为“那不关我的事”; D项意为“请原谅”。由句意可知选A。12. ______in every aspect of his company’s business, Paul made himself busy day and night.
A. Being involved B. Involved
C. Involving D. To involve
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 因为要参与他公司的方方面面, Paul常使自己日夜忙碌。be involved in意为“参与, 卷入”, 其逻辑主语是该句的主语, 这时可以省略be动词, 故选B项。13. The little children are enjoying the ______ fish in the tank while we adults are watching the ______ Olympic Games on TV.
A. alive; alive B. live; live
C. alive; live D. live; alive
【解析】选B。句意: 小孩子们在欣赏水箱里的活鱼, 而我们成年人在看电视上现场直播的奥运会。alive活着的, 可以作后置定语和表语, 不能作前置定语; live活的, 现场直播的, 常作前置定语。由此可知选B。14. They both agreed not to enter into any agreements ______ the other.
A. aiming at B. aimed at
C. aim at D. to aim at
【解析】选B。考查aim的非谓语动词形式。句意: 双方同意不参加任何旨在反对另一方的协议。aimed at the other为过去分词短语作后置定语用法, 即相当于定语从句which are aimed at the other。句中agreement与aim at之间为被动关系, 故用其过去分词形式。15. ______the children are excited—this is the first time they’ve been abroad.
A. No need B. No hurry
C. No problem D. No wonder
【解析】选D。句意: 难怪孩子们会很激动——这是他们第一次出国。no need没有必要; no hurry不用慌; no problem没问题; no wonder难怪。此处no wonder前面省略了it is。【知识拓展】
“主语和系动词”的省略
1. 在口语中省略主语和系动词。例如:
①—How are you? 你好吗?
—Fine, thank you. 很好, 谢谢。
(fine前省去I am)
②Interesting, isn’t it? 真有趣, 不是吗?
(interesting之前省去it is)
③Too bad we don’t have time. 真糟糕, 我们没有时间。
(此处too bad之前省去it is)2. 省略状语从句中的主语和系动词: 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同, 且状语从句的谓语部分含有系动词be时, 通常可以省略状语从句中的“主语+系动词”。例如:
①Where necessary, improvements will be made.
哪儿需要, 就在哪儿改进。
(where之后省去了it is)
②Though exhausted, he went to bed very late.
虽然他已筋疲力尽, 但还是很晚才上床。
(though之后省去了he was)Ⅱ. 选词填空
keep an eye on, set up, be concerned about sth. ,
put down, stand for
1. The WHO _________ the World Health Organization.
2. I have asked my friends to _____________ my pet for me while I’m on business.
3. The army has ______ road blocks round the city.
4. How can you expect me not to _________________ my own son?
5. Here is my address; ___ it _____ before you forget it. stands forkeep an eye onset upbe concerned aboutputdown说明文
【互动导学】
◎学生: 老师, 怎样写说明文呢?
◎老师: 写说明文宜采用三段式: 第一段主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的; 第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤; 第三段进行总结概括。
◎学生: 老师, 写说明文有什么技巧吗?
◎老师: 读清要点排好序, 理清层次定好句;
简单句式多考虑, 整合句式需顾虑。【典题示例】
请根据下面的表格, 写一篇介绍华南虎的120~150个词的文章。【审题谋篇】说明文描述动物一般现在时第三人称【词句推敲】
1. 词汇:
①重达 ______
②以……为主食 _____________
③在野外 __________
④濒危 ______________________
⑤保护 _______
⑥惩罚 ______weighfeed mainly onin the wildbe endangered/in dangerprotectpunish2. 句式(一句多译):
①尾部有黑斑。
a. ____________________
b. ___________________________
②在野外华南虎的数量稀少。
a. ________________________________________
b. ___________________________________Its tail has black spots.There are black spots in its tail.There are few South China Tigers in the wild.Few South China Tigers live in the wild.③华南虎濒危的原因是栖息地的减少和人类的捕杀。
a. _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________
________
b. ________________________________________________
______________South China Tiger is in danger partly because of thereduction of its habitats and partly because of people’shunting.The reduction of its habitats and people’s hunting haveleft it in danger.【妙笔成篇】
South China Tiger is an endangered animal, whose habitat is in China, exactly speaking, in Southern China, Central China and Eastern China.
South China Tiger is large and fierce. The male tiger can weigh about190kilograms and the female tiger about110
kilograms. One of its main features is that its tail has black spots. They feed mainly on wild boars and sambars. Now, there are less than70South China Tigers in the reserve and few live in the wild. The reduction of its habitats and people’s hunting have left it in danger. As a result, we should educate people to protect it and punish those poachers severely. Besides, man mustn’t destroy its habitats. Only in this way can its population increase. 课件102张PPT。Module 6 Animals in Danger
Introduction & Reading and VocabularyⅠ. 速记单词
1. 音意记忆。
(1)/ / (n. )_______保护区; 保护圈
(2)/ / (n. )_______栖息地
(3)/ / (n. )_______挣扎; 斗争
(4)/ / (n. )_____战斗
(5)/ / (adj. )_____理想的
(6)/ / (n. )____(某事发生的)准确地点; 现场
(7)/ / (n. )_________(-s)环境; 情况
(8)/ / (adv. )__________同时reservehabitatstrugglebattleidealspotconditionmeanwhile2. 形意记忆。
(1)_________(vt. )使……处于险境; 危及→danger (n. )危险→_________(adj. )危险的
(2)extinct(adj. )灭绝的; 绝种的→_________(n. )灭绝; 绝种
(3)protect(vt. )保护→_________(n. )保护
(4)______(n. )商人→deal (v. & n. )交易
(5)worth(adj. )值……钱→_______(同义词)值得的→_________(反义词)无价值的; 没用处的endangerdangerousextinctionprotectiondealerworthyworthlessⅡ. 短语互译
1. 在危险中 _________
2. 幸亏; 多亏 ________
3. 根据 ___________
4. 寻找 _______
5. 放下; 写下 _________
6. 有优势 ________________in dangerthanks toaccording tolook forput downhave an advantage7. give one’s life _________
8. at a time _____
9. on the spot _______
10. come into fashion ______________________
11. take an active part in _________
12. get tough with. . . ___________________献出生命一次在现场成为时尚; 开始流行起来积极参加对……采取强硬措施Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 尽管偷猎者们很吃惊, 但他们占有优势——他们人多。
_________________, the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them. (状语从句的省略)
2. 截止到20世纪90年代, 藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万头。
By the1990s the number_______________________. (过去完成时)Although surprisedhad fallen to about50, 0003. 那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动, 一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊, 只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼仔。
Often_______________, the poachers shoot whole herds of
antelopes at a time, ____________________, whose wool is not worth so much. (v. -ing短语作状语)
4. 这些动物被当场剥皮, 羊毛被运到印度, 在那里被制成披肩。
The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to
India, __________________the shawls. (where引导定语从句)working at nightleaving only the babieswhere it is made into5. 有时还发生枪战, 杰桑·索南达杰就牺牲在这类枪战中。
Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one_______________
_____________________. (介词+关系代词引导的定语从句)
6. 但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。
But today the government__________________the battle. (seem+不定式的进行式)in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killedseems to be winningⅣ. 语篇填空
根据文章内容填空, 每空一词。freezingendangeredskinspotworthfashionMeasuresprotectingreservetoughdealersgrow【读而后思】
阅读文章内容, 思考下列问题。
What shall we do to protect the endangered animals?
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
________________________________________________
_______________________________First, I think we should not destroy their habitats. Only whenthey live in their natural habitats can their population grow.Second, punish those who kill them severely once they arecaught. Lastly, let all the people know the importance ofprotecting the endangered animals.1. endanger vt. 使……处于险境; 危及
【语境领悟】
①But the Siberian tiger is not the only endangered species.
但西伯利亚虎不是仅有的濒危物种。
②The air pollution in the city is badly endangering the health of the residents.
城市里的空气污染正严重危及着居民的健康。【归纳拓展】
(1)danger n. 危险
in danger 处于危险之中
in danger of 有……危险
out of danger 脱离危险
(2)dangerous adj. 危险的
③Ships out in this storm are in great danger.
轮船在这种风暴中出航要冒极大风险。【即学活用】完成句子。
①这种动物正处于灭绝的危险中, 因为污染使得它们的栖息地处于危险中。如今, 它们已被列为濒危物种。
Animals of this kind are _________ as pollution is ____________ their habitats and they are classed as an ___________ species now.
②远离毒蛇, 它很危险。否则你将面临丢掉性命的危险。
Keep away from the poisonous snake. It’s _________. Or
you’ll be _________ of losing your life. in dangerendangeringendangereddangerousin danger2. reserve n. 保护区; 保护圈; 预备队员
vt. 储备, 保存; 保留; 预约, 预订【语境领悟】
①The Chinese and Russian governments have created the reserve to help save the tiger’s natural habitat.
中俄政府已建立了这个保护区来帮助保护东北虎的自然栖息地。
②We always keep some money in reserve, just in case.
我们总是存些钱备用, 以防万一。
③I’d like to reserve a table for three for seven o’clock.
我想预订一张7点钟供3个人使用的桌子。 【归纳拓展】
(1)without reserve 毫无保留地
keep sth. in reserve 保存某物以备用
(2)reserve sth. for sb. 为某人保留某物
reserve a room/table/seat 预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth. 保留做某事的权利【即学活用】完成句子。
①他们把钱存着以备退休之后使用。
The money was being kept_________for their retirement.
②版权所有。未经许可请勿做任何形式之转载使用!
____________________. Without the permission of the owner, do not try to take anything away! in reserveAll rights(are)reserved3. struggle n. 挣扎, 斗争vi. 努力, 奋斗, 挣扎
【语境领悟】
①The question is: What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival? 问题是: 在它们争取生存的斗争中, 我们能做些什么来帮助它们呢?
②Struggle is the bridge to ideal.
奋斗是通向理想的桥梁。
③We still have to struggle with all kinds of difficulties.
我们仍不得不和多种多样的困难做斗争。【归纳拓展】
struggle with/against 与……做斗争
struggle for. . . 为……而奋斗
struggle with sb. for sth. 为争取某物而与某人做斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来【即学活用】
①The soldier was badly wounded but_________________(挣扎着站起来).
②The old man has_____________(与……做斗争)his illness for five years.
= The old man’s____________his illness has been five years. struggled to his feetstruggled withstruggle with③Dina, ______for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling B. struggled
C. having struggled D. to struggle
【解析】选C。句意: 为了当一名服务员奔波了好几个月的蒂娜, 结果在当地的一家广告公司找到了一份工作。根据句子结构和句意可知, 此处having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress相当于非限制性定语从句who had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, 修饰Dina。因为struggle这一动作发生在谓语动作之前且与Dina之间是主动关系, 所以用having struggled。4. protect vt. 保护
【语境领悟】
①(2010·江苏高考)However, laws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur.
然而, 人们立法来保护狼不受那些运动员和为了它们的皮毛而捕捉它们的人的侵害。
②Trees can protect crops against the attack from strong wind.
树木能够保护庄稼免遭强风的袭击。【归纳拓展】
(1)protect sb. /sth. from (doing) sth. 使……免于……
protect sb. /sth. against sth. 防止……遭受……
(2)protection n. 保护
under the protection of 在……的保护下
③Cultural relics and historic sites are under the protection of the state. 文物古迹受国家保护。【想一想】与protect sb. /sth. from sth. 用法类似的短语至少还有两个, 请写出其用法。【参考答案】
(主动句中from可省,
被动句中不可省)
keep. . . from doing. . . (主动句和被动句中from
皆不可省)
discourage. . . (from)doing. . . 劝阻某人做某事
ban. . . from doing. . . 禁止某人做某事prevent. . . (from) doing. . .
stop. . . (from)doing. . . 【即学活用】完成句子。
①尽量保护你的皮肤不受太阳晒。
Try to _______ your skin _____ the sun.
②母鸡保护小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。
The hen protected its young against _____________ by the cat.
③他在朋友们的保护下越狱了。
He escaped from the prison ____________________ his friends. protectfrombeing attackedunder the protection of5. worth adj. 值……钱, 值得……的
【语境领悟】
①How much do you think this painting is worth?
你认为这幅画值多少钱?
②Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
只要是值得去做的事, 就值得把它做好。【归纳拓展】
(1)be worth+money/the price etc. 值……钱/价格等
be(well)worth doing (很)值得做……
(2)worthy adj. 值得的
be worthybe worthy of being done 值得……
to be done 值得……
of attention/consideration 值得关注/考虑(3)worthwhile adj. (可作表语和前置定语)值得花费的
It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth. 做某事是值得的
③This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated. So I feel that all your effort isn’t worthwhile.
这篇文章很值得一读, 但不值得翻译, 因此我觉得你的所有努力是不值得的。
④The book is worth reading.
=The book is worthy of being read.
=The book is worthy to be read.
=It is worthwhile to read/reading the book.
这本书值得一读。【即学活用】
①用worth, worthy和worthwhile完成句子。
a. Her performances are _______ to be remembered.
b. It is __________ to have/having a try again.
c. Many people consider it a cause ______ doing, from which children can benefit a lot. worthyworthwhileworth②The Scientific Dictionary is______$500. It is really ______ for you youths.
A. worthy; worth to read B. worth; worth reading
C. worth; worthy to read D. worthy; worthy of reading
【解析】选B。句意: 这本科学词典值500美元。它真的值得你们年轻人看一看。be worth+表示价值的名词, 意为“值多少钱”; be worth doing“某事值得做”。6. spot n. (某事发生的)准确地点; 现场; 污点; 斑点
v. 看见, 发现【语境领悟】
①The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls. 这些动物被当场剥皮, 羊毛被运到印度, 在那里被制成披肩。
②I don’t know the exact spot where it happened.
我不知道它发生的确切地点。
③The little girl spotted her dress with ink.
=The little girl’s dress was spotted with ink.
小女孩的衣服被墨水弄脏了。
④Can you spot the differences between these two pictures?
你能看出这两幅画有什么不同吗? 【归纳拓展】
on the spot 在现场; 当场, 立即
spot a mistake 发现错误
be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点【即学活用】
His collar was ______ with ink, so he wanted to have the coat ______.
A. spotting; washing B. spotted; washed
C. spotting; washed D. spotted; washing
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他的领子被墨水弄脏了, 因此他不得不把外套洗了。be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点; have sth. done让/请某人做某事。7. put down 放下
【语境领悟】
①He shouted to the poachers to put down their guns.
他向偷猎者大喊, 要求他们放下枪。
②I put down his address in order not to forget it.
我把他的地址记下来, 以防忘了。
③She put her face down and sniffed the rose.
她低下头去闻玫瑰花香。【归纳拓展】
(1)put down的一词多义:(2)由put形成的其他短语
put away 放好
put on 穿上, 戴上; 上演
put off 推迟, 拖延
put out 扑灭
put up 建造; 张贴; 提高(价格等); 留宿某人【即学活用】
①(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ______ almost every word her teacher says.
A. put out B. put down
C. put away D. put together
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 玛丽的确非常擅长在课堂上记笔记。她几乎能把她的老师说的每个词写下来。put down记下, 写下, 符合句意; put out熄灭; put away收拾, 把东西放好; put together放在一起。②(2011·浙江高考)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off
C. putting on D. putting up
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 他决定一路驾车回家, 不在旅馆留宿。put down放下, 平定, 镇压, 记下; put off推迟; put on穿上, 戴上, 上演, 假装, 增加; put up举起, 建立, 张贴, 投宿。根据句意选D。8. Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.
那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动, 一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊, 只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼仔。 【句式分析】
Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds
of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies,
whose wool is not worth so much. ①Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.
我们已经做好了充分准备, 现在可以应考了。
②It happened on a lonely island, whose name escapes my
memory.
那件事发生在一个孤岛上, 孤岛的名字我记不起来了。【名师点津】 (1)表示强调或出于表达需要, 有时作状语的
v. -ing形式前常加一个连词: when, while, after, before, if, though, whether, unless, as if等。
(2)动词-ing形式作结果状语往往表示自然而然的结果, 而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的不好的结果。③Though being ill(= Though he was ill), he would not take a rest. 虽然病了, 但他仍不愿休息。
④He left, leaving nothing but debt.
他走了, 除了债务什么也没留下。
⑤They hurried to school, only to find that it was Sunday. 他们匆匆赶到学校, 却发现是星期天。 【即学活用】
①(2012·四川高考)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only ______ his plane high up in the sky.
A. finding B. to find
C. being found D. to have found
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 汤姆乘出租车去机场, 结果却发现飞机已经起飞了。only to do表示意料之外的结果; 现在分词作结果状语, 表示自然而然的结果。发现飞机起飞发生在到达机场之后, 所以应排除D项, 故应选B。②(2011·陕西高考)More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A. making B. made
C. to make D. having made
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词的用法。句意: 现在越来越多的公路在中国建成了, 这使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅游变得更加容易。句中making it much easier. . . 为非谓语动词短语作结果状语, 且动词make与前面所表达的含义为主动关系, 故选择现在分词短语作状语。1. skin vt. 剥皮; 去皮 n. 皮(肤); 毛皮; 外皮, 外壳
【语境领悟】
①I thought he was going to skin me alive when he saw the phone bill!
我认为当他看到电话费清单时, 他会活剥了我!
②She has beautiful white skin. 她的皮肤很美很白。【巧学助记】After skinning the bananas,
don’t throw the skins around.
剥掉香蕉皮后, 不要乱扔。【想一想】skin属于名词转化为动词。事实上, 我们已经学过很多名词转化为动词的词, 你能列出一些吗? 【参考答案】名词转化为动词
名词转化为动词是词性转化的一种, 常见的属于这种情况的词有:
change n. 变化→v. 变化
work n. 工作→v. 工作
answer n. 答案→v. 回答
dream n. 梦→v. 做梦
question n. 问题→v. 提问
result n. 结果→v. 导致
head n. 头→v. 奔向eye n. 眼睛→v. 注视
win n. 胜利→v. 获胜
score n. 分数→v. 得分
star n. 星; 星号→v. 标上星号; 主演
注意: 有些词在词性转化后, 词的重音和读音也可能发生了变化。例如: 【即学活用】用黑体部分名词的动词形式改写句子。
①The housewife removed the skin from the turnip quickly.
→The housewife _______ the turnip quickly.
②My dream was to win a gold medal at the Olympics.
→I ________ of winning a gold medal at the Olympics.
③The interviewer asked Liu Yang some questions about her space trip.
→The interviewer __________ Liu Yang about her space trip. skinneddreamedquestioned2. condition n. 环境, 情况; 条件(常用复数)
【语境领悟】
①After the vacation he was in(fine)condition both physically and mentally.
度假之后, 他的身体状况和精神状况都很好。
②I’ll do it on condition that you pay for everything.
我可以做此事, 条件是你得支付一切费用。
③In given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results and a good thing to bad results.
在一定的条件下, 坏的东西可以导致好的结果, 好的东西也可以导致坏的结果。【归纳拓展】
be out of condition 健康状况不佳
be in (good) condition 处于良好的状态
in. . . conditions 在……环境、条件下
on condition that 条件是……
on no condition 决不(置于句首时句子常用部分倒装)【即学活用】
Teachers’ working ______ should be improved in some areas, because many of the teachers are out of______.
A. condition; conditions B. conditions; condition
C. conditions; conditions D. condition; condition
【解析】选B。句意: 在某些地区, 教师的工作环境应当得到改善, 因为有许多教师身体状况欠佳。第一个空用复数形式conditions表示“条件; 环境”; 第二个空用out of condition表示“状况不好”。3. meanwhile adv. 当时, 同时, 其间;
n. 一会儿; 暂时, 在此期间
【语境领悟】
①Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers.
同时, 在那些出售藏羚羊毛披肩的国家, 警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊毛披肩的贩卖者。②We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened because there might be a few bumps.
他们还告诉我们继续待在我们的座位上, 同时系好安全带, 因为旅途可能会有一些颠簸。
③I knew I wouldn’t get my exam results for several weeks, and I wasn’t sure what to do in the meanwhile.
我知道我要数周以后才会得到自己的考试成绩, 在此期间我拿不准该做点什么。【归纳拓展】
meanwhile=meantime=at the same time
in the meanwhile 在此期间, 同时【易混辨析】【即学活用】用meanwhile, during和while完成句子。
①我去接电话, 同时妻子开始做饭。
I went to answer the phone, __________, my wife began to cook.
②这个故事发生在战争期间。
The story happened ______ the war.
③他打篮球时左腿受了伤。
He hurt his left leg _____ he was playing basketball. meanwhileduringwhile④(2013·浙江高考)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______, I’ll set the table.
A. As a result B. On the whole
C. In the meanwhile D. As a matter of fact
【解析】选C。考查介词短语的用法。句意: 如果你去商店购买我们晚餐需要的东西就算帮了大忙; 同时, 我会摆餐具。as a result结果; on the whole总体来说; in the meanwhile与此同时; as a matter of fact事实上。故选C。4. seem vi. 似乎, 好像
【语境领悟】
①But today the government seems to be winning the battle.
但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。
②He seems to have forgotten about it. =It seems that he has forgotten about it. 他似乎已忘了此事。
③It seems(that) he is lying. = He seems to be lying.
看样子他好像在撒谎。
④It seems as if everyone else knew about it except me.
看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道。【归纳拓展】
seem
It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看来)好像……,
仿佛……
It seems as if(as though). . . 看样子似乎是……(从句常用虚
拟语气, 表示不可能实现的事)
There seems to be. . . 似乎有……to do/to have done/to be doing 好像要做……/
已做了……/正在做……
（to be）+形容词/名词 好像……，似乎……
like+名词 好像……，似乎……【即学活用】完成句子。
①布朗先生看起来很快乐。
Mr Brown seemed_______________.
②这个好心人仿佛要在最后这一堂课上把他的全部知识教给我们。
It seemed ____ the good man were trying to teach us all he knew at this last lesson. to be quite happyas if③(2011·上海高考)Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing. . . but we seem ______ the art of communicating face-to-face.
A. losing B. to be losing
C. to be lost D. having lost
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 现在我们拥有聊天室、手机短信、电子邮件……但是我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的技巧。由seem to do sth. 可知答案在B、C两项中选择, lose与主语we之间是主动关系, 且强调此动作目前正在发生, 所以用动词不定式的进行式。故选B。5. get tough with 对……采取强硬措施, 对……毫不妥协
【语境领悟】
①It’s time to get tough with football hooligans.
现在该对足球流氓采取强硬措施了。
②He’ll never pay off unless you get tough with him.
除非你对他采取强硬措施, 否则他是决不会把钱还清的。
③We must get tough with those who delay to pay the salaries of the rural labourers.
对于拖欠农民工工资的人, 我们一定要严惩。
④When he started to argue, I got tough with him.
当他开始争吵时, 我对他毫不妥协。【即学活用】
______the bad man, and if necessary, call the police to help you.
A. Get away with B. Get tough with
C. Put up with D. Come up with
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 对那个坏人要采取强硬措施, 如果必要, 让警察来帮助你。get away with侥幸逃脱; get tough with对……采取强硬措施; put up with忍受; come up with想出。6. Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage—there were more of them.
尽管偷猎者们很吃惊, 但他们占有优势——他们人多。
【句式分析】
Although surprised是Although they were surprised的省略。①You should make notes when (it is) necessary.
必要时你应该做笔记。
②Though (he was) tired, he kept on working.
虽然很累, 但他仍然坚持工作。
③While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.
我边等待边看报纸。
④Mistakes, if (there are) any, should be corrected.
如果有什么错误, 就应当改正。
⑤I won’t go unless (I am) invited.
除非受到邀请, 否则我不去。【归纳拓展】
复合句中的从句省略形式必须是在主、从句主语一致或从句主语为it, 且从句中谓语动词含有be的某种形式的情况下使用。【即学活用】
When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced
C. introduce D. being introduced
【解析】选B。考查状语从句的省略。句意: 一经推向市场, 这些产品就大获成功。补充完整为“When the products were first introduced to the market. . . ”7. By the1990s the number had fallen to about50, 000.
截止到20世纪90年代, 藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万头。
【句式分析】
“by+过去的时间(点)”作时间状语时, 谓语动词常用过去完成时。
①By the end of last month, he had only finished half of the work.
到上月底为止, 他只完成了工作的一半。【归纳拓展】②By now we have won six gold medals.
到目前为止, 我们已经赢得了六枚金牌。
③By the end of next week we will have been in school for a month.
到下个周末我们就已经在学校里一个月了。【即学活用】完成句子。
①等他们到这里时, 我们将完成了工作。
By the time they get here, we _______________ the work.
②他到家时, 灯已熄灭。
By the time he got home, the light____________. will have finishedhad gone outⅠ. 单词拼写
1. The income of male workers went up by almost30%. __________(与此同时), part-time women workers saw their earnings fall.
2. Many_______ (保护区)for protecting rare animals have been built recently.
3. In an_____(理想的)world there would be no need for a police force.
4. The grassland is an important_______(栖息地)for many wild flowers. Meanwhilereservesidealhabitat5. Scientists believe that dinosaurs have been______ (灭绝的)for millions of years.
6. James was hit in the mouth as he_________(斗争)with the burglars.
7. Unemployment insurance means that you are partially
_________(保护)if you lose your job.
8. One of the_________ (条件)of the job is that you should be able to drive.
9. That mistake seriously___________(危害)the future of the company.
10. An idiom in the morning is______(值)two in the evening. extinctstruggledprotectedconditionsendangeredworthⅡ. 单项填空
1. (2013·嘉峪关高二检测)—Use my umbrella to______ yourself from the rain, will you?
—That’s very kind of you.
A. prevent B. keep C. rescue D. protect
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。prevent sb. from doing sth. =keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; rescue sb. from从……中把某人拯救出来, 使某人免遭危险; protect sb. from使……免于……。由语境知D项符合。【变式训练】
The government calls on us to try our best to ______ the wasted water from the factories ______ into the rivers.
A. protect; from being poured
B. prevent; from poured
C. prevent; from being poured
D. prevent; being poured
【解析】选C。考查动词的用法。句意: 政府号召我们尽力阻止工厂里的废水倒入河中。由句意可知动词应使用prevent, 其次from后跟动名词的被动形式时, from不可省略。2. In the photo of the Royal Family, little George prince is sleeping, ______the two pet dogs are full of energy.
A. meanwhile B. during
C. the same time D. while
【解析】选D。句意: 在这张皇家全家福里, 乔治小王子正在酣睡, 而两只宠物狗却神采奕奕。meanwhile adv. “同时”(=at the same time); during prep. “在……期间”, 后接名词、代词, 不跟从句; while conj. “而”, 表轻微转折。3. I heard Tokyo seemed “______” the bid to host the2020summer Olympics. Is that true?
A. to have won B. to win
C. to be winning D. won
【解析】选A。考查seem的用法。句意: 我听说东京好像获得了2020年夏季奥运会的主办权。是真的吗? seem后接不定式的完成时, 表示“……似乎已做了”。4. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______ regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out
【解析】选C。考查省略。句意: 实验表明如果定时进行适量的锻炼, 就能改善我们的健康。if后面省略了they are, 即“当从句的主语和主句的主语保持一致的时候, 从句的主语及其谓语的一部分, 特别是be, 是可以省略的”。5. (2013·潍坊高二检测)—So Helen, are we going for that Chinese meal you promised me?
—Well, I kind of forgot to______, so we’ll have to do French.
A. consult B. order C. reserve D. confirm
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。答句句意: 噢, 我忘了预订了, 我们去吃法国风味的饭吧。reserve“预订(房间、座位等)”。consult“商量, 商议”; order“命令, 订购”; confirm“确定, 批准”。【变式训练】
I’d prefer to ______ my judgement until I know all the facts.
A. survive B. preserve C. severe D. reserve
【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。句意: 在了解全部事实之前, 我不想发表意见。reserve作及物动词, 意为“保留, 储备”。survive存活下来; preserve保持, 保存; severe严峻的, 苛刻的。6. I realized strength and courage are not always measured in medals and victories but in the ______ we overcome.
A. sadness B. struggles
C. diseases D. tiredness
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我意识到力量和勇气并不总是用奖牌和胜利来衡量的, 而是用我们在克服困难时的不断奋斗来衡量。struggle“奋斗, 斗争”。而sadness“悲伤”; disease“疾病”; tiredness“劳累”, 均与题意不符。7. The weather turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 天竟然放晴了, 这是我们没有预料到的。which可代替句子, 用于引导非限制性定语从句; that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句; 若选it, 其前需加连词and; what不引导定语从句。8. I don’t think it is ______ to buy things which are not needed even at a low price.
A. worth B. worthy
C. worthless D. worthwhile
【解析】选D。考查同义形容词辨析。句意: 我认为即使价格便宜, 不需要的东西也不值得买。It’s worthwhile to do sth. 某事值得一做, 为固定句型。【变式训练】
She has done some ______ things during the summer vacation, and she is ______ of being praised.
A. worth; worthy B. worthy; worthwhile
C. worthwhile; worthy D. worthy; worth
【解析】选C。句意: 在暑假期间她做了一些有意义的事情, 她值得表扬。worthwhile作前置定语, 意思是“值得做的; 有意义的”; worthy构成短语be worthy of being done。9. (2013·福州高二检测)When the fighting started, the police and reporters were soon______.
A. on the spot B. to the spot
C. in the spot D. of the spot
【解析】选A。考查spot短语。句意: 打斗一开始, 警察和记者就很快到了现场。on the spot到现场, 在现场。10. The plan ______ just because people were unwilling to co-operate.
A. put down B. pulled down
C. turned down D. broke down
【解析】选D。句意: 仅仅因为人们不愿合作, 这项计划失败了。put down“记下”; pull down“拆除”; turn down“拒绝”; break down“出故障, 坏掉, 失败”。 【变式训练】
(2011·辽宁高考)The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这次考试结果将在星期五下午张贴公布。put up“举起, 抬起; 建立, 竖起; 张贴; 投宿, 留宿”; put down“放下; 平定, 镇压, 取缔; 记下, 写下”; put off“延期, 推迟; 拖延”; put away“收起来, 放好; 储存; 关押”。11. On a ______ morning the little cat was found ______ at the corner of the street.
A. freezing; freezing B. freezing; frozen
C. frozen; frozen D. frozen; freezing
【解析】选B。句意: 在一个寒冷的早晨, 在一个街角人们发现这只小猫已经冻僵了。freezing极冷的; frozen冻僵的, 冷冻的。12. (2013·石家庄高二检测)______such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clear up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering
C. To suffer D. Suffered
【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 当河流受到严重污染时, 现在要清理它已经为时过晚了。由句意知, “污染”在前, “清理河流”在后, 故应用suffer的完成式而选A项。13. We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, ______ story I’ve just told you.
A. who B. whose C. of whom D. that
【解析】选B。考查whose引导的定语从句。句意: 关于金女士的情况, 我刚才已经告诉你们了, 我们得对她的事情做出决定。whose修饰定语从句中的宾语story。【知识拓展】whose定语从句六注意
whose引导的定语从句是语法重点, 应注意以下六个方面:
一、whose为who的所有格, 作“某(些)人的……”解, 它所指代的先行词是人, 其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词, 同时它本身在从句中作定语。
Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的学生谈话。二、whose也可作which的所有格, 作“某(些)物的……”解, 它所指代的先行词必须是物, 同时它本身在从句中作定语。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
三、whose可修饰定语从句中的主语、宾语、介词宾语等不同成分。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生腿受了重伤, 很快就被送往医院。(whose修饰定语从句中的主语legs)
四、whose既可引导限制性定语从句, 也可引导非限制性定语从句。五、由于whose具有兼作who和which的所有格的双重功能, 故在指人时可用the+名词+of whom代替whose+名词, 指物时可用the+名词+of which代替whose+名词。
I live in a room whose window(=the window of which) opens to the south. 我住在一间窗户朝南开的屋子里。
六、按英语习惯用法, 凡是of whom或of which与数词或代词(如both, all, some, many, little等)连用表示部分与整体关系时, 通常不可用whose。
There are45students in our class, 35of whom are League members.
我们班有45名学生, 其中35名是团员。14. What made our General Secretary Xi Jinping satisfied during the journey was that the living ______ of the farmers in the area had been improved greatly.
A. states B. conditions
C. situations D. positions
【解析】选B。句意: 这次走访使我们的总书记习近平感到满意的是该地区农民的生活状况大大地改善了。conditions状况; 条件。其他三词均无此意。【变式训练】
On no condition ______ the plan.
A. should you give up
B. you should give up
C. that you should give up
D. of you giving up
【解析】选A。句意: 你决不应该放弃那个计划。on no condition意为“决不”, 置于句首时句子常用部分倒装。故选A项。15. ______he used to play a lot of computer games, but now he seems to have lost interest in them.
A. At a time B. At one time
C. At all times D. At the same time
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。根据used to do可知, 此处应选用表示过去的时间状语。at a time一次; at all times一直; at the same time同时。故只有at one time(曾经)符合句意。课件7张PPT。Module 6 Animals in Danger
Module ReviewⅠ. 单词串记(根据构词法完成下面空格)
1. en+adj. →vt.
danger (adj. )→_________(vt. )使……处于险境
【类记】
rich (adj. )→______(vt. )使富有
large (adj. )→_______(vt. )使扩大
close (adj. )→_______(vt. )使围起
able (adj. )→______(vt. )使能够endangerenrichenlargeencloseenable2. n. /v. +-er→n.
deal (n. /v. )交易; 做生意→______(n. )商人
【类记】
poach (v. )偷猎→_______(n. )偷猎者
design (n. )设计→________(n. )设计者
drive (v. )开车, 驾驶→______(n. )司机
employ (v. )雇用→_________(n. )雇用者
work (v. )工作→_______(n. )工人
farm (v. )农业→_______(n. )农民
perform (v. )表演→_________(n. )表演者dealerpoacherdesignerdriveremployerworkerfarmerperformerⅡ. 连词成句(用本模块的词汇完成句子)
1. 一些正处在灭绝边缘的濒危藏羚羊, 现在住在一些保护区里, 因为它们的栖息地正被破坏着。
Some___________________, which are at the _____ of
_________, now live in some_______, because their_______
are being destroyed.
2. 一些以活的昆虫为主食的爬行动物, 常常在沙滩上产卵。
Some _______ which _______ the ___ ______, often ___ their eggs on the beach. endangered antelopesbrinkextinctionreserveshabitatsreptilesfeed onlive insectslay3. 那位致力于新能源的商人非常关心这个大陆。他已在这个大路上建了一家办事处以便于监测那里的情况。
The ______ who ________ new ______ is very _________ _____ that _________. He has ______ a _______ on it to _______ the _________ there. dealeraimed atenergyconcernedaboutcontinentset upbranchmonitorconditionⅢ. 句式点拨
今天全国有30多个该组织成员在从事着20个项目的工作。(T/F)
(1)Today there are more than thirty staff working on
twenty projects all over the country. ( )
(2)Today there are more than thirty staff work on twenty
projects all over the country. ( )
【思路点拨】
此处考查there be+主语+doing sth. 结构。由句意知“该组织成员staff”与“从事work on”间为主动关系, 故应该用work的现在分词形式作定语。 TF【句式训练】
这里有一些男孩在学习舞龙。
__________________________ a dragon dance. There are some boys learning
