2024届高三英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件(共37张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高三英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件(共37张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 5.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-10-16 14:24:28 | ||
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文档简介
(共37张PPT)
虚拟语气
知识梳理
01
虚拟语气的用法
03
02
01
用于非真实条件从句
用于混合条件句和含蓄条件句
wish引导的宾语从句
04
用于状语从句
05
谓语动词should+动词原形
06
特殊结构③
01
知识梳理
非真实条件从句
①真实条件从句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的。
Paper can be burned if it is put on fire.
如果把纸放到火上就会燃烧。（真实可能发生的）
②非真实条件从句即所表示的假设情况发生的可能性或实现的可能性不大。
If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.
如果他昨天来了这里，他就能看到他的老朋友了。(不会发生，只是一种假设)
虚拟语气表示说话人所表达的情况、动作等不是客观存在的事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。
01
知识梳理
1. 对现在情况的虚拟
If he had time, he could come to help you. 如果他有时间，他会来帮助你的。
2. 对过去情况的虚拟
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就可以赶上火车了。
3. 对将来情况的虚拟
If I came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果我明天来，我们就可以开会。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done）
would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
01
知识梳理
1. 对现在情况的虚拟
If he had time, he could come to help you. 如果他有时间，他会来帮助你的。
2. 对过去情况的虚拟
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就可以赶上火车了。
3. 对将来情况的虚拟
If I came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果我明天来，我们就可以开会。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done）
would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
1. （2022· 联考） I ________ to the party with you tomorrow if I didn't have to attend the meeting.
went B. had gone
C. would go D. would have gone
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
2.（2022· 模考） If I ________ you, I ________ the job.
A.am; will take B. was; would take
C.were; would take D. are; will take
翻译：如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。
与现在相反，从句用过去时态，主句用过去将来时态
Tips:在虚拟语气中，无论主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，从句的be动词一律用were。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
3. I didn't know his telephone number. ________ it, I ________ then.
A. Had I known; would ring him up
B. Should I know; would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up
D. Had I known; would have rung him up
Tips:当 if 引导的虚拟条件从句含有were, should, had时，往往将 if 省略，而将 were, should, had 置于主语前引导倒装。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
混合条件句和含蓄条件句
1. 用于混合条件句（从句和主句所表达的时间不一致）
2. 用于含蓄条件句（不用从句，而是通过介词（短语）、副词（短语）或由其他形式表现）
主要有 otherwise（否则）、with、without、but、but for（要不是）
Without your help, I shouldn't have done this .
没有你的帮助，这事我本来是做不成的。
But for rain (=If it hadn't been for the rain),we would have finished the work.
要不是下雨，我们就能完成工作。
If he passed the exam, we would have heard about it.从句与已知事实相反的现在情况，主句指的是过去
If I hadn't been ill, I would travel with you.从句与已知事实相反的过去情况，主句指的是现在或将来
01
知识梳理
【例题】
I was ill that day, otherwise I ________ the sports meet.
A. must take part in
B. must have taken part in
C. would take part in
D. would have taken part in
【例题】
2. If we ________ a table in advance we wouldn't be standing in the queue now.
reserves
B. have reserved
C. had reserved
D. reserve
wish引导的宾语从句
I wish I knew everything in the world.（现在事实相反）
I wish that you had called me yesterday. （过去事实相反）
I wish that he could try again.（将来难以实现的愿望）
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)
主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
01
知识点梳理
【例题】
I wish I ________ in Hong Kong now.
A. be B. am
C. was D. were
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
【例题】
2. I wish I ________ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friend's birthday party.
A. watched
B. had watched
C. would watch
D. were watching
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
【例题】
3. How I wish I _______ I fly to the moon!
A. can B. may C. should D. could
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
状语从句
as if (though) 引导的状语从句
if only引导的状语从句
注： if only需要单独使用，后面不需要主句，意为“要是…就好了”，表示强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。
If only he were here. 要是他在这儿就好了。
If only I had not been ill last week. 要是上周我没生病该多好啊。
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
01
知识梳理
【例题】
1. He treats Tom as if Tom ________ his own son.
A.is B. was C. should be D. were
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
【例题】
If only I ________ an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A. took B. should take C. had taken D. take
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
谓语动词用“should十动词原形”
常见的动词有insist（坚持）order/command（命令）suggest/advise(建议）demand（要求）request/require（请求）等。
注：当 insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，从句不用虚拟语气。
主句 从句
主语+insist/order/command/suggest/advise/propose/demand/request/require/...that
主语+(should)+动词原形(do)
It is demanded/ordered/requested/suggested/required/...that
It is important/natural/strange/possible/probable/necessary/...that
...suggestion/advice/demand/order/plan/idea/proposal/requirement/...that
...lest/for fear that
01
知识梳理
【例题】
1. The manager suggested that all the employees ________ name tags in the company
A.to wear B. should wear
C. must wear D. wearing
【例题】
（2022· 模考） The boy insisted that he ________ old enough, and ________the right to make his own choice.
A. was; be given B . was; was given
C . be; give D . is; given
【例题】
3. It is required that every student ________ a foreign language before going abroad.
A. must learn B. learn C. learns D. will learn
特殊结构中的虚拟语气
①“It is (high)time that sb. did sth. / should do”，表示“该做某事的时候（但却没有做）”，往往带有批评或责备的语气。谓语动词常用过去式或“should十动词原形”。
I'm getting tired. It's time we went home.我累了，我们该回家了
②May十动词原形”表示“祝愿”“但愿”，may需要置于句首。
May you be happy.祝你幸福。
③would rather后用一般过去时表示现在或者将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示对过去已经发生的情况表示遗憾或后悔。例如：
I'd rather you went now. 我宁愿你现在就去。
I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下周六再来。
I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我真希望你没有做过那件事。
01
知识梳理
【例题】
It's high time we ________ something to stop traffic accidents.
A. will do B. are doing C. did D.do
【例题】
2. ________ every one of you succeed in passing the mid-term examination.
A. May B. Could C. Might D. Would
【例题】
3. I'd rather you ________ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A. met B. meet C. have met D. had met
02
举一反三
举一反三
02
举一反三
02
1. —What would you do if you ____ a million dollars
—I’d give it to the charity.
A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win
2．What ________ you do if you ________ me
A.would; were B. will; were C. would; are D. will; are
3．If I ________ a bird, I’d fly to the blue sky.
A．were B．will be C．am D. are
4．—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.
—So it is. If I ________ them, I ________ a shower at home.
A．am; would take B．were; will take
C．was; would take D．were; would take
举一反三
02
5．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he ________ a Chinese.
A. were B. had been C. is D. has been
6．It is suggested that you ______ English as often as possible.
A. may practice B. practice C. can practice D. would practice
7. How I wish I ________ her some help when he asked me to.
A. gave B. did give C. could have given D. have given
8. It's high time that we ________ action to stop selling polluted vegetables.
A. must take B. take C .took D. will take
9. It is important that I ________ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
02
举一反三
10. If only I ________ at the party last night!
A. were B. had been C. have been D. was
11. —Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I ________
A. will B. have C. did D. had
12. Their requirement that he ________ one year's experience is reasonable.
A. had B. has C. have D. would have
13. ________ you succeed!
A. Can B. May C. Must D. Will
02
举一反三
14. It was ordered that no smoking ________ in the library.
A.be allowed
B. would be allowed
C. was allowed
D. has been allowed
15. —I've told Jenny the truth about the new house.
—But I'd rather you ________.
A. didn't B. hadn't C. don't D. wouldn't
03
课堂内容总结
课堂内容总结
03
课堂内容总结
03
谢谢观看
THANKS
虚拟语气
知识梳理
01
虚拟语气的用法
03
02
01
用于非真实条件从句
用于混合条件句和含蓄条件句
wish引导的宾语从句
04
用于状语从句
05
谓语动词should+动词原形
06
特殊结构③
01
知识梳理
非真实条件从句
①真实条件从句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的。
Paper can be burned if it is put on fire.
如果把纸放到火上就会燃烧。（真实可能发生的）
②非真实条件从句即所表示的假设情况发生的可能性或实现的可能性不大。
If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.
如果他昨天来了这里，他就能看到他的老朋友了。(不会发生，只是一种假设)
虚拟语气表示说话人所表达的情况、动作等不是客观存在的事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议、可能或纯粹的空想等非真实情况。
01
知识梳理
1. 对现在情况的虚拟
If he had time, he could come to help you. 如果他有时间，他会来帮助你的。
2. 对过去情况的虚拟
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就可以赶上火车了。
3. 对将来情况的虚拟
If I came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果我明天来，我们就可以开会。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done）
would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
01
知识梳理
1. 对现在情况的虚拟
If he had time, he could come to help you. 如果他有时间，他会来帮助你的。
2. 对过去情况的虚拟
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就可以赶上火车了。
3. 对将来情况的虚拟
If I came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 如果我明天来，我们就可以开会。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done）
would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
1. （2022· 联考） I ________ to the party with you tomorrow if I didn't have to attend the meeting.
went B. had gone
C. would go D. would have gone
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
2.（2022· 模考） If I ________ you, I ________ the job.
A.am; will take B. was; would take
C.were; would take D. are; will take
翻译：如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。
与现在相反，从句用过去时态，主句用过去将来时态
Tips:在虚拟语气中，无论主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，从句的be动词一律用were。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
【例题】
3. I didn't know his telephone number. ________ it, I ________ then.
A. Had I known; would ring him up
B. Should I know; would have rung him up
C. If I knew; would ring him up
D. Had I known; would have rung him up
Tips:当 if 引导的虚拟条件从句含有were, should, had时，往往将 if 省略，而将 were, should, had 置于主语前引导倒装。
虚拟情况 if引导的条件从句的谓语 主句谓语
对现在进行虚拟 一般过去时（did/were） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
对过去进行虚拟 过去完成时（had done） would/should/could/might+现在完成时(have done)
对将来进行虚拟 动词过去式（done） would/should/could/might+动词原形(do)
（should）+动词原形（do）
were to +动词原形(do)
混合条件句和含蓄条件句
1. 用于混合条件句（从句和主句所表达的时间不一致）
2. 用于含蓄条件句（不用从句，而是通过介词（短语）、副词（短语）或由其他形式表现）
主要有 otherwise（否则）、with、without、but、but for（要不是）
Without your help, I shouldn't have done this .
没有你的帮助，这事我本来是做不成的。
But for rain (=If it hadn't been for the rain),we would have finished the work.
要不是下雨，我们就能完成工作。
If he passed the exam, we would have heard about it.从句与已知事实相反的现在情况，主句指的是过去
If I hadn't been ill, I would travel with you.从句与已知事实相反的过去情况，主句指的是现在或将来
01
知识梳理
【例题】
I was ill that day, otherwise I ________ the sports meet.
A. must take part in
B. must have taken part in
C. would take part in
D. would have taken part in
【例题】
2. If we ________ a table in advance we wouldn't be standing in the queue now.
reserves
B. have reserved
C. had reserved
D. reserve
wish引导的宾语从句
I wish I knew everything in the world.（现在事实相反）
I wish that you had called me yesterday. （过去事实相反）
I wish that he could try again.（将来难以实现的愿望）
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)
主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
01
知识点梳理
【例题】
I wish I ________ in Hong Kong now.
A. be B. am
C. was D. were
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
【例题】
2. I wish I ________ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friend's birthday party.
A. watched
B. had watched
C. would watch
D. were watching
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
【例题】
3. How I wish I _______ I fly to the moon!
A. can B. may C. should D. could
主句 从句
主句+wish 与现在事实相反的愿望 主语+过去式(were/did)
与过去事实相反的愿望 主语+过去完成时(had done)主语+would/could+have done
与未来事实相反的愿望 主语+would/could/might+动词原形(do)
状语从句
as if (though) 引导的状语从句
if only引导的状语从句
注： if only需要单独使用，后面不需要主句，意为“要是…就好了”，表示强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。
If only he were here. 要是他在这儿就好了。
If only I had not been ill last week. 要是上周我没生病该多好啊。
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
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知识梳理
【例题】
1. He treats Tom as if Tom ________ his own son.
A.is B. was C. should be D. were
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
【例题】
If only I ________ an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A. took B. should take C. had taken D. take
主句 从句
主语+谓语 与现在事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去式(did/were)
与过去事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 as if (though)/if only...+主语+would+动词原形(do)
谓语动词用“should十动词原形”
常见的动词有insist（坚持）order/command（命令）suggest/advise(建议）demand（要求）request/require（请求）等。
注：当 insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，暗示”时，从句不用虚拟语气。
主句 从句
主语+insist/order/command/suggest/advise/propose/demand/request/require/...that
主语+(should)+动词原形(do)
It is demanded/ordered/requested/suggested/required/...that
It is important/natural/strange/possible/probable/necessary/...that
...suggestion/advice/demand/order/plan/idea/proposal/requirement/...that
...lest/for fear that
01
知识梳理
【例题】
1. The manager suggested that all the employees ________ name tags in the company
A.to wear B. should wear
C. must wear D. wearing
【例题】
（2022· 模考） The boy insisted that he ________ old enough, and ________the right to make his own choice.
A. was; be given B . was; was given
C . be; give D . is; given
【例题】
3. It is required that every student ________ a foreign language before going abroad.
A. must learn B. learn C. learns D. will learn
特殊结构中的虚拟语气
①“It is (high)time that sb. did sth. / should do”，表示“该做某事的时候（但却没有做）”，往往带有批评或责备的语气。谓语动词常用过去式或“should十动词原形”。
I'm getting tired. It's time we went home.我累了，我们该回家了
②May十动词原形”表示“祝愿”“但愿”，may需要置于句首。
May you be happy.祝你幸福。
③would rather后用一般过去时表示现在或者将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示对过去已经发生的情况表示遗憾或后悔。例如：
I'd rather you went now. 我宁愿你现在就去。
I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下周六再来。
I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我真希望你没有做过那件事。
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知识梳理
【例题】
It's high time we ________ something to stop traffic accidents.
A. will do B. are doing C. did D.do
【例题】
2. ________ every one of you succeed in passing the mid-term examination.
A. May B. Could C. Might D. Would
【例题】
3. I'd rather you ________ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A. met B. meet C. have met D. had met
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举一反三
举一反三
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举一反三
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1. —What would you do if you ____ a million dollars
—I’d give it to the charity.
A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win
2．What ________ you do if you ________ me
A.would; were B. will; were C. would; are D. will; are
3．If I ________ a bird, I’d fly to the blue sky.
A．were B．will be C．am D. are
4．—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.
—So it is. If I ________ them, I ________ a shower at home.
A．am; would take B．were; will take
C．was; would take D．were; would take
举一反三
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5．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he ________ a Chinese.
A. were B. had been C. is D. has been
6．It is suggested that you ______ English as often as possible.
A. may practice B. practice C. can practice D. would practice
7. How I wish I ________ her some help when he asked me to.
A. gave B. did give C. could have given D. have given
8. It's high time that we ________ action to stop selling polluted vegetables.
A. must take B. take C .took D. will take
9. It is important that I ________ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak
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举一反三
10. If only I ________ at the party last night!
A. were B. had been C. have been D. was
11. —Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I ________
A. will B. have C. did D. had
12. Their requirement that he ________ one year's experience is reasonable.
A. had B. has C. have D. would have
13. ________ you succeed!
A. Can B. May C. Must D. Will
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举一反三
14. It was ordered that no smoking ________ in the library.
A.be allowed
B. would be allowed
C. was allowed
D. has been allowed
15. —I've told Jenny the truth about the new house.
—But I'd rather you ________.
A. didn't B. hadn't C. don't D. wouldn't
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课堂内容总结
课堂内容总结
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课堂内容总结
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