Unit 6 Learning through Travel 例题解析
句型剖析(一)
1．Spending time in Canada with an English-speaking family has helped me to improve my speaking a lot.
spending time in…family在句中充当主语
【案例】______ how to raise the sails was really a hard job for the younger sailor.
A. Learn B. To learn
C. Learned D. Learning
解析：此题考查动词的ing形式用作主语。A、C两项不能作主语，而to learn表示将来，不合题意。故答案为D。
点评：动词的ing形式可以充当主语，其谓语动词应使用单数。有时可将其放在后面，句首用it来替代。例如：
Working with Mr. Lee is pleasant, for he is very easy-going.
和李先生共事很愉快，因为他是一个非常随和的人。
Taking a holiday in the country can help us a lot.
到乡下去度假对我们帮助很大。
It is no use trying to repair the ship. These holes are too large.
修这只船已经没有用了。这些洞太大了。
2．My friend and l have been eating lots of this as well.
have been doing句式
【案例】I ______ at the door for an hour．I think no's in.
A. knock B. am knocking
C. had knocked D. have been knocking
解析：此题的关键在于时间状语for an hour。A、B两项不能和此时间状语连用，而过去完成时不合此题，它表示在过去某个时间之前。所以答案为D，其表示一直在敲门而且现在还在敲门。
点评：（1）have been doing现在完成进行时。表示某种状态或行为始于过去，到现在已经持续了一段时间或仍在进行中。如：
CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.
CCTV自从1977年开始播放英语教学节目。
（2）as well“也，又”（和and连用，常置于句尾）。如：
I'm going to London and my sister's going as well.
我要去伦敦，我妹妹也要去。
He can climb trees and l can as well.
他会爬树，我也会。
as well as平行结构词。连接句中的各种句子成分。如：
He, as well as me, thinks you are right.
他和我都认为你是对的。
He was kind as well as sensible.
他既厚道又明白事理。
句型剖析(二)
1.Tomorrow I'm going to see St. Paul's Cathedral，which is supposed to be just magnificent.
be supposed to do结构
【案例】You ______ have helped that old man. That's our duty to help the old.
A. could B. might
C. must D. were supposed to
解析：此句意思为“你（过去）理应帮助老人”。而A、B、C三项均表示对过去情况的推测。所以答案为D。
点评：be supposed to do应该；理应
Everyone is supposed to bring a bottle to the party.
每个人都应带瓶酒来参加晚会。
You're supposed to tell them your decision as soon as possible.
你应该尽早地告诉他们你的决定。
be supposed to have done表示“本来应该做，但是没做”，表示责备。
（＝should have done）
You were supposed to have handed in your homework yesterday.
你本来应该昨天交作业的。
He was supposed to have helped you although he was very busy.
尽管他很忙，他也应该帮你一把。
2.It's no wonder people call it "the capital of the world"!
【案例】He's made a thorough investigation. ______ he knows so much about it.
A. No wonder B. It's a wonder
C. It's strange D. It's surprising
解析：根据句意，他已经作过彻底地调查了，所以他知道很多已不足为奇。而B、C、D三项意为很奇怪，不合题意。故答案为A。
点评：（it's）no / little / small wonder并不奇怪；十分自然
It's no wonder you've got a headache when you drank so much last night.
你昨天晚上喝了那么多酒当然会头痛。
It's a wonder（that）…奇怪的是……；令人惊讶的是……；
It's a wonder you recognized me immediately after all these years.
让人惊奇的是，过了那么多年你还能立刻认出我来。
合作讨论
Getting around: Athens has some of Europe's most cheap taxis—from 31 cents to 34 cents per 0.6 mile. Public transit also has boomed（繁荣）because of the Olympics. The city's first subway（地铁）opened in January 2000 and has gradually expanded. A new tram（有轨电车）line linking the city center and seaside goes into service in July. Athens is very safe compared with most major Western cities.
Going native: While it's possible to eat in traditional pubs almost any time, finer restaurants usually don't begin dinner service until at least 9 p.m. It's not uncommon in summer to find tables still full after 2 a. m. Greece is very smoker-friendly. Nonsmoking sections are rare.
Questions: l．What should we learn about travelling from the passage?
2．If you go to travel to a foreign country, what should you do?
Unit 6 Learning through Travel 知识总结
突破思路
旅游是人们所向往的事。通过旅游，人们不仅可以放松休闲，还可以学到许多东西，可以接触到更多的人，了解到各地的风俗人情、自然知识，更近距离、清晰地认识世界。所以，学生在学习本单元时会满怀兴趣，学习热情会很高。因此，教师不必做太多的引导与启发。应该明确学习任务，放手让学生去阅读理解文章，去探究其中的语言知识。
学完文章后，引导学生谈谈自己的心得体会，对旅游的认识以及曾经去过何地旅游，看到了些什么，学到了些什么，有什么感受等等。这样会加深学生对本单元的理解。如果条件允许的话，可以利用当地的风景名胜，让学生写一篇“游后感”或充当导游，用英语向游客介绍本地的风景。这样不仅提高了学生学习英语的兴趣，能激发学生主动学习的热情，在获得英语语言知识的同时，还可以更好地了解了当地文化和自然景观。在这个过程中，学生肯定会收获颇丰。
本单元的语法为情态动词和句子结构。这两个语法项目也是中学英语语法的重点和难点，更是高考的重点。所以，在教学过程中老师们应重点处理，但又不能使学生感到有压力。应通过课本中浅显的句子，作深人浅出的讲解，尽可能使用平易的语言，不要过多使用死板生硬的语法术语，以免使学生感到难理解。同时，应做适当的集中训练，使学生对该语法有一个系统和感性的认识。
由于句子结构在英语学习中起着非常关键的作用，在日常教学中要特别注意。这项能力的缺乏导致学生在阅读时不能很好地理解文中的长句和复合句，写作时病句满天飞。所以，在日常教学中，教师应经常引导学生分析和理解句子结构，培养学生这方面的能力。这样，学生才能逐渐掌握和灵活使用这项较难的语法。
语法教学需要一个漫长的过程，不可能一蹴而就。
相关链接
1．在英国，国家鼓励高中毕业的学生在上大学之前，出国或到各地旅游，所需经费由学生贷款，国家支付利息。这样做的目的是能使学生更好地了解世界，开阔视野，增强自信心和处理、解决问题的能力。
2．随着中国经济的迅猛发展，国门的不断开放，人民生活水平的不断提高，出国旅游越来越多地成为可能。为顺应时代的发展，我国政府每年都在增加中国公民可以出国旅游目的地国家的数量。同时，越来越多的国家开始接纳中国公民前往旅游。
3．每年八月青岛举办的“国际啤酒节”，吸引着大量的来自世界各地的游客来到美丽的青岛旅游。他们既能欣赏到青岛优美的海景，品尝到世界各地美味的优质啤酒，同时还能和来自不同国家不同文化背景的人们交流。
词汇解读
1．exchange
【案例】I wonder where I can ______ my dollars for pounds.
A. Change B. exthange
C. turn D. transform
解析：此处所填单词应为“交易；兑换”之意。只有exchange合适。所以答案为B。
点评：（1）n. 交换；交易；交易所；交火；交谈
There was an exthange of political prisoners between the two countries.
这两个国家交换政治犯。
He gave me an apple in exthange for a piece of cake.
他拿苹果换我的蛋糕。
Three fighters were killed in the exchange.
三个战士在这次交火中丧生。
（2）v.交换，调换
The two teams exchanged presents before the game.
两个球队在比赛前互换礼物。
I wanted to exthange the seat with Bill，but he disagreed.
我想和比尔交换座位，但他不同意。
2．respect
【案例】改错：Please give my respect to your family.
解析：表示“向某人致敬”应使用give one's respects to someone。故本题应将respect改为respects。
点评：（1）n. 尊敬；尊重；
Show / Have some respect for your parents.
（＝Give your respects to your parents）
你要尊敬父母。
关心；考虑；顾及；
Out of respect for the wishes of her family, the affair wasn't reported on the newspaper.
考虑到他家人的愿望，此事没有在报纸上披露。
方面；细节；
The room is fine except in one respect—where can l sit on?
这个房间什么都好，就是有一点不好——我坐在哪里呢?
（2）v.尊敬；敬佩；尊重；
He is a man much respected by all his colleagues.
他非常受同事的尊敬。
仔细考虑；顾及；
I promise to respect your wishes carefully.
我答应会认真考虑你的愿望的。
3．tend v.
【案例】改错：Nearly all of us tend agreeing his suggestion.
解析：tend to do倾向于……所以应将agreeing改为to agree。
点评：（1）有……的倾向；倾向于；趋于；（tend to do）
She tends to get very angry if you disagree with her.
如果你不顺着她，她往往会大发脾气。
（2）照料；看护；服侍
She tended her husband lovingly during his long illness.
在丈夫长期卧病期间，她一直温柔体贴地服侍他。
The nurse skillfu11y tended（to）the wounded.
护士熟练地护理伤员。
4．rent
【案例】I want to ______ a room to live near our school.
A. borrow B. lend C. rent D. fire
解析：此句意为“我想在学校附近租房子住”。只有rent语意正确，选C。
点评：（1）n. 租金
They let the house to a young man at a rent of $ 50 a week.
他们以每周50美元的租金将房子租给了一个年轻人。
We pay a high / low rent.
我们付了高（低）的租金。
（2）租用；出租
I rent a room from Mrs. Jones.
我租了Jones太太的一间房。
They rent（out）rooms to some college students.
他们把房子租给了几个大学生。
