2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES（答案与解析）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-10-18 09:02:43 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
全卷满分120分 考试用时100分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Europe is one of the best travelling options for everyone. It's rich in culture, and every country is distinct in beauty. If you want to know more about the history and get the best cultural experience, these are the places where you should visit.
Vienna
Vienna is a cultural and political center. It is known as the city of music and the city of dreams, being an important place for Beethoven and Sigmund Freud. It's also considered one of the world's most livable cities, where the quality of life is high.
Berlin
Berlin, the capital of Germany, is the place of culture, politics, media and science. It has a long history, and you can learn many things about the city's contributions to the whole world. Travelling in Berlin is quite easy. You are provided with trains, trams, buses and the metro, and you can also use a bike to get from one place to another.
Amsterdam
Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, is known for the number of canals that are part of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The good thing about Amsterdam is that you can visit it by bike, as it has one of the best networks of cycle routes in the world.
Brussels
Brussels, the capital of Belgium, is full of cultural events, being one of the most international cities in Europe and a time machine at the same time. Brussels being a relatively small city, you can visit many places in one day. Belgium is also known for the most delicious chocolate and the best beer in the world, so you definitely need to have a taste.
1.Which city best suits music lovers
A.Vienna. B.Berlin.
C.Amsterdam. D.Brussels.
2.What do Berlin and Amsterdam have in common
A.They are both relatively small.
B.They are both friendly to cyclists.
C.They are both known for UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
D.They are both among the world's most livable cities.
3.Where is the text probably from
A.A news report. B.A review.
C.A novel. D.A travel brochure.
B
Dragon Head-Raising Day: time for a haircut
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. Dragon Head-Raising Day (the Longtaitou Festival) is one of them.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar(阴历). It stands for the start of spring and farming. This year, the day fell on February 21.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants(传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate Dragon Head-Raising Day with many customs about dragons.
On the day in ancient times, people put ash in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn.
Also, people eat special food on that day. The food is usually named after the dragon. For example, people eat “dragon whisker(须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is to have hair cut. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother's brothers. So many people have their hair cut on Dragon Head-Raising Day.
4.Which country celebrates Dragon Head-Raising Day
A.Britain. B.France.
C.The United States. D.China.
5.When was Dragon Head-Raising Day this year
A.On March 14. B.On February 2.
C.On February 21. D.On March 8.
6.On the day in ancient times, why did people put ash in the kitchen
A.Because the dragon liked ash.
B.Because ash could lead the dragon into the house.
C.Because ash stood for harvest.
D.Because ash could bring good luck.
7.Which custom about the day has remained according to the passage
A.Dragon boat racing. B.Eating zongzi.
C.Having hair cut. D.Eating mooncakes.
C
Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries. Across 167 different countries, more than 1,000 natural and cultural historic places make up our most precious human heritage, which UNESCO calls World Heritage Sites.
We lose a little of that heritage every day. War, climate change and pollution have a bad effect, as do wind and rain. The $4 million a year that UNESCO spends on preservation is not nearly enough to take care of even the four dozen sites considered to approach the risk of being lost forever. Now there's a better choice. New digital-conservation technologies let us hold on to them, at least virtually(虚拟地), through 3-D scanning, modeling and digital storage. Such projects can be done through cooperation between governments, universities, industry and non-profit organizations.
To make a 3-D model, a laser(激光) scanner bounces(反射) light off an object and records the results. To reproduce every corner and opening, the scanner collects overlapping(重叠的) images from all possible angles. A computer then sews them together into one large surface image and draws lines from one point to another to create a wireframe model. High-resolution digital cameras add color and texture. When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.
These scans do more than preserve a memory database. With highly accurate measurements, archaeologists(考古学家)can find hidden passages or reveal ancient engineering tricks. School kids can explore places they might otherwise never see. And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there. That has already happened to one World Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda. Built of wood in 1882, they were destroyed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part on 3-D models made in 2009. More than 100 World Heritage Sites have been already preserved as 3-D models, and conservationists are racing to record as many as possible.
8.How does the author show the necessity for 3-D digital libraries in the first two paragraphs
A.By listing the threats to our human heritage.
B.By introducing some damaged historic sites.
C.By quoting some experts' views on heritage protection.
D.By explaining UNESCO's research on World Heritage Sites.
9.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.The function of a laser scanner is to add color and texture to the image.
B.The reflection of light off an object is recorded in a computer.
C.The process of making a 3-D model is successfully carried out with the help of a laser scanner, a computer and high-resolution digital cameras.
D.High-resolution digital cameras make the models viewable, printable, or operable.
10.What do we know about the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda
A.They are metal-framed.
B.They are still in their original condition.
C.They were once destroyed in an earthquake.
D.They were reconstructed thanks to 3-D models.
11.What does the author intend to say through this text
A.Never ignore the destructive power of war.
B.Take action to reduce pollution in historic places.
C.Take advantage of 3-D technology to keep history.
D.Invest more money to preserve World Heritage Sites.
D
What's your opinion on spicy food Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili pepper in their dinner while others can't get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love the chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating back to the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chilies is related to childhood experiences, and that culture affects our taste too. But the latest study has found that a person's love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that the liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect personality with intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John E. Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike the sour, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This gets scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people's longing for thrills, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about their personality, for example, whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and how participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason why some people can withstand(承受) spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found more otherwise. “It's not that it doesn't burn as badly, but that you actually learn to like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained.
12.What's the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph
A.Dislike. B.Fear. C.Put up with. D.Adapt to.
13.What did Professor John E. Hayes and his team discover from their study
A.What we eat actually helps to develop our personality.
B.Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C.Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D.People are wrong to treat “spicy” as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.
14.Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study
A.Because their taste has become less sensitive.
B.Because they love the burning feeling.
C.Because they want to challenge themselves.
D.Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns.
15.What's the main idea of the passage
A.What one likes to eat mainly depends on his/her personality.
B.Whether one enjoys spicy food depends largely on his/her personality.
C.One's personal experiences have nothing to do with his/her taste.
D.Different people have different senses of taste.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every day we are surrounded by people from different cultures. It's important to expose(使接触) our children to other cultures early in life. Here are a few ideas of introducing your child to different cultures.
Watch documentaries and read books from different cultures.
A great way to expose your child to other cultures is watching documentaries and reading worldwide books. 16 And they contain beautiful illustrations of diverse landscapes, food and traditions. You can also find documentaries online that highlight(突出) important historical events and cultural traditions from different parts of the world.
17
If you live in a city with a lot of diversity, chances are there are lots of great museums and cultural centers to visit. Many museums and cultural centers also offer programs and events specifically for kids. 18
Talk to friends who are from different cultures.
If you know someone from a different culture, take the opportunity to talk with them about their heritage. This is a great way to understand what life is like in their country or community. 19 It can help your child feel more connected with the persons you're talking to.
Learning a new language can be a fun and rewarding(有益的) experience.
If you're looking for a deeper experience, consider attending some language classes. 20 And, if there aren't any classes available(可获得的) in your area, you may be able to find an online program that's perfect for your child.
A.Attend a cultural festival or event.
B.Visit a local museum or cultural center.
C.Many great children's books tell stories from different cultures.
D.Talk to your child's school to find out if there are any classes available.
E.These are often interactive while teaching your child about different cultures.
F.You can also ask your friends to teach your child some words in their native language.
G.One of the best ways is cooking traditional dishes from those cultures together.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every culture on the planet has certain topics that people avoid discussing. But the taboos(禁忌) of one culture may be very different from those of another. You may be 21 that people from other cultures say what you can't talk about.
Paying attention to what people don't 22 can teach us something important about their culture. Their taboo topics give us clues about what they value, respect or even fear. Topics that are considered too personal or too controversial(有争议的) may also be avoided.
America is full of taboo topics. Usually, during a polite conversation, Americans will 23 both politics and religion. They also avoid talking about racial issues.
Why Because these topics can cause strong opinions and 24 . Americans believe that it's best to avoid them—especially at social gatherings.
Many Americans also do not feel 25 talking about their personal income, age or health. 26 , they prefer to make small talk about the weather, sports or common interests.
What do these taboos tell us about American 27 For one, they show that Americans place importance on 28 . America certainly isn't the only place that values it. You will find 29 taboos about asking personal questions in many European countries. “This is especially true in Germany,” says Hanna Graf, a German living in Shanghai. “In Germany, you are not supposed to ask about other people's personal business,” she says. “But there are no 30 rules about what you can't ask; it's just in people's minds.”
In Brazil, 31 , almost anything seems open to discussion. “Brazilians talk about all kinds of personal issues,” says Mark Quinlan, who grew up in Brazil. But of course, even Brazil has its own taboos. In Brazil, soccer is one of the topics that can turn friends into enemies. Brazilians love the sport. Saying anything 32 about soccer can cause big trouble. Even expressing preference for one team over another can be 33 .
Like Brazilians, Australians talk freely about almost anything. However, they do not talk about their personal or business 34 . They prefer to let people judge them by their actions, not their words. Boasting about your achievements will only make you the 35 of other people's jokes.
And what about your taboos Next time you have a conversation, pay attention to what isn't said. You might be amazed at what you learn about your own culture.
21.A.excited B.surprised C.fascinated D.relieved
22.A.stress B.consider C.desire D.discuss
23.A.rule out B.take to
C.touch upon D.focus on
24.A.arguments B.interactions
C.agreements D.relationships
25.A.embarrassed B.confused
C.relaxed D.disappointed
26.A.Besides B.Occasionally
C.Frankly D.Instead
27.A.values B.features
C.statuses D.dreams
28.A.culture B.independence
C.privacy D.freedom
29.A.giant B.unique C.similar D.aggressive
30.A.specialized B.basic C.common D.written
31.A.moreover B.however C.therefore D.anyhow
32.A.super B.worthless C.magical D.negative
33.A.beneficial B.impressive C.dangerous D.emotional
34.A.achievements B.secrets
C.lives D.failures
35.A.audience B.designer C.target D.interpreter
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Ruying, 36 grandfather is a huge fan of Beijing Opera, has been interested in Beijing Opera for much of her young life. Her grandfather is a great influence 37 her. At the age of eight, she 38 (begin) to practice the classical art. It wasn't easy for a little girl 39 (experience) the difficult training, as performances combine martial arts, dancing and acrobatics(杂技).
“Sometimes I was tired,” she said. “I had to balance my studies and other 40 (course) I was interested in, such as dance. But the great charm(魅力) of Beijing Opera made me always practice it.”
When Liu got the news that her region would have a cultural exchange with other countries, she had the idea of 41 (introduce) Beijing Opera to the world in English. With 42 help of her mother, she took part in the activity after several months of practice.
“I 43 (extreme) love traditional Chinese culture,” she said. “Beijing Opera has a long history and 44 (consider) a treasure of our nation. We should let 45 (we) make great efforts to carry forward our culture and protect the cultural diversity of the world.”
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游,Alex很激动,请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。要点如下:
1.写信目的;
2.简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad and Mom had got to go on a four-day business trip. They taught their elder son Daniel and younger daughter Jane how to feed and look after their dog, Spot, how to take good care of themselves—learning to cook if they could, or ordering pizza—with the money left on the table—if they were busy, and told them to keep their rooms clean and tidy. They asked Daniel to be in charge.
On the very morning when the parents left, Mom kissed them and said to Daniel gently, “Young man, do take care of Spot and Jane.” Daniel promised, “I will, Mom.”
Too excited to fall asleep again, Daniel and Jane jumped out of bed, calling out to each other to get up. Their pet dog, Spot, heard the similar voice and rushed in, with a ball in its mouth. Jane stuck(伸) her head into Daniel's room, “Spot got up an hour earlier. Let's walk it.” Daniel said excitedly, “I'm coming, but, Jane, don't forget to keep your room clean and tidy.” “I will.”
They ran with the dog in the yard and threw the ball away for Spot to bring it back. They had fun playing with Spot the whole morning. Washing Spot was slow and tiring as it was the first time they had done it. Then Daniel settled down to his homework while Jane did her reading with interest.
The following day, Jane begged her brother to order pizza for lunch. Daniel agreed excitedly, “We haven't tasted that for long and we behave ourselves, right ” After a while, he added, “We should save money, too.” Within half an hour, they treated themselves to a big pizza. However, in the afternoon, Spot looked sick, lying lazily and unwilling to move. Daniel was concerned about the dog and took it to the pet clinic immediately with Jane as their parents had done.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When Dad and Mom arrived home a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess.
Paragraph 2:
Daniel ran into his room,with tears in his eyes,“Jane, there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.”
答案与解析
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.C
8.A 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B
15.B 16.C 17.B 18.E 19.F 20.D 21.B
22.D 23.A 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.A 28.C
29.C 30.D 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.C
36.whose 37.on 38.began 39.to experience 40.courses 41.introducing 42.the 43.extremely 44.is considered 45.ourselves
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Vienna部分中的“It is known as the city of music”可知,维也纳最适合音乐爱好者。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Berlin部分中的“you can also use a bike to get from one place to another”和Amsterdam部分中的“The good thing about Amsterdam is that you can visit it by bike”可知,这两个城市都对骑自行车的人很友好。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了维也纳、柏林、阿姆斯特丹和布鲁塞尔这四个适合旅游的欧洲城市,所以本文可能选自旅游手册。故选D。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的传统节日之一——龙抬头和龙在中国文化中的重要性。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,龙抬头是中国的传统节日之一。故选D。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This year, the day fell on February 21.”可知,今年的龙抬头是在2月21日。故选C。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“On the day in ancient times, people put ash in the kitchen. This was to ‘lead the dragon into the house’.”可知,在古代龙抬头这一天,人们把灰放在厨房里,这样就能引龙来家里。由此可知,古代人们把灰放在厨房里是因为他们认为灰会把龙引进家。故选B。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is to have hair cut.”可知,现在,许多风俗习惯已经消失了,但是在龙抬头这一天理发这一习俗还保留着。故选C。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了利用三维数字技术可以更好地保护世界文化遗产。
8.A 推理判断题。通读第一、二段可知,我们每天都会失去一点世界文化遗产,而且人类遗产面临战争、气候变化和污染等方面的不良影响。作者以此来说明建立三维数字图书馆的必要性。因此,A 项“通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁”符合题意。
9.C 推理判断题。第三段谈到了3-D模型的制作过程:“a laser(激光) scanner bounces...and records...”“A computer then sews...and draws...”“High-resolution digital cameras add...”“When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.” 所以成功制作3-D模型需要激光扫描仪、电脑和高分辨率的数码摄像机的帮助,C项符合题意。
10.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二、三句可知,乌干达的卡苏比陵墓是1882年用木头建造的,2010年被大火烧毁,2014年被重建,主要基于2009年制造的三维模型。因此D 项“多亏了三维模型,它们才得以重建”符合题意。
11.C 推理判断题。通读全文,并结合第一段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知,作者写本文是想呼吁利用三维技术保护文化遗产,留住历史。因此,C 项“利用三维技术保留历史”符合题意。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明一些人喜欢吃辣味的食物跟他们的性格有关。
12.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子中的逻辑关键词while可知,前后内容是对比关系,while意为“然而”,所以推断出loathe应该与love意思相反。A项意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,符合语境。 B项意为“害怕”;C项意为“忍受”;D项意为“适应”,均与语境不符。
13.C 推理判断题。根据问题中的关键词“discover from their study”可知,考查研究结果,根据倒数第二段可推断出,那些倾向于看动作片或冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物,反向推之可知C项信息与原文相符。
14.B 细节理解题。根据问题中的关键词“the recent study”可知答案在最后一段(this latest study)。A项“因为他们的味觉不那么敏感了”是过去的思想。最新的研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物是因为人们喜欢灼烧的感觉,所以B项信息与原文相符。
15.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句可知,最新的研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟性格有关,而且整篇文章主要是对此研究做出了具体说明,所以B项符合文章的主旨。注意A项“一个人喜欢吃什么主要取决于他/她的性格”范围过大,没有体现出“辣”这个主要信息。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何引导孩子们学习不同的文化。
16.C 设空处上一句提到“让你的孩子接触其他文化的一个好方法是看纪录片和阅读世界各地的书籍”,设空处下一句提到“并且它们包含各种风景、食物和传统的精美插图”,C项“许多伟大的儿童书籍讲述来自不同文化的故事”与设空处上一句所述话题一致,且C项与设空处下一句都是在具体介绍这类书籍,设空处下一句中的“they”指的是C项中的“Many great children's books”。故选C。
17.B 根据文章结构可知,设空处是本段的小标题。下文主要介绍了参观博物馆和文化中心,B项可以概括本段内容。故选B。
18.E 设空处上一句提到“许多博物馆和文化中心还专门为孩子们提供节目和活动”,E项“在教你的孩子了解不同的文化时,这些通常是互动的”是对博物馆和文化中心提供的节目和活动的进一步说明。E项中的“These”指的是设空处上一句中的“programs and events”。
19.F 根据小标题可知本段主要是谈论和来自不同文化背景的朋友交谈,设空处上一句提到“这是了解他们国家或社区生活的好方法”,F项“你也可以让你的朋友用他们的母语教你的孩子一些单词”与本段主旨相符。故选F。
20.D 设空处上一句提到“如果你期待更深层次的体验,可以考虑参加一些语言课程”,设空处下一句提到“而且,如果你所在的地区没有任何可获得的课程,你可以找到一个非常适合你孩子的在线课程”,D项“和你孩子的学校谈谈,以弄清是否有可获得的课程”与上下文联系紧密,想要参加语言课程,先在所在地区的学校问,如果没有,再去找在线的课程。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。不同文化背景下的语言禁忌能让我们了解每种文化中重要的东西。文章列举了几个国家的禁忌话题。
21.B 根据上文可知,每种文化的禁忌都不相同,所以来自其他文化的人说一些你不能谈论的事情时你可能会感到吃惊。故选B。
22.D 全文都在谈论禁忌话题,所以此处是说注意人们不讨论的东西可以教会我们一些关于他们的文化的重要的东西。故选D。
23.A 根据上文“America is full of taboo topics.”和下文“They also avoid...”可知,此处指美国人会排除政治和宗教话题。rule out把……排除在外。故选A。
24.A 根据下文“Americans believe that it's best to avoid them”可知,此处指这些话题可能会引起强烈的意见和争论。故选A。
25.C 此题可以和第26题一起解出。根据下文“they prefer to make small talk about the weather, sports or common interests”可知,许多美国人在谈论个人收入、年龄或健康状况时感到不自在,反而,他们更喜欢谈论天气、运动或共同的业余爱好。故本题选C,第26题选D。
26.D 解析见上题。
27.A 上文提到的那些禁忌可以告诉我们美国的价值观。故选A。
28.C 上文提到的“personal income, age or health”都属于隐私,所以美国人很重视隐私。故选C。
29.C 根据上文“America certainly isn't the only place that values it.”可知,你会发现许多欧洲国家中有类似的关于问私人问题的禁忌。故选C。
30.D 根据下文“it's just in people's minds”可知,关于你不能问什么没有明文规定。故选D。
31.B 上文提到美国和许多欧洲国家都有一些禁忌,根据下文“almost anything seems open to discussion”可知,此处与上文在内容上形成转折关系,设空处表示“然而”。故选B。
32.D 根据上文“Brazilians love the sport.”可知,说任何关于足球的负面的话都会带来大麻烦。故选D。
33.C 此处指甚至表达对一个球队的偏爱也可能是危险的。故选C。
34.A 根据下文“Boasting about your achievements”可知,他们不谈论他们的个人或商业成就。故选A。
35.C 此处指吹嘘你的成就只会让你成为别人笑话的对象。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了热爱京剧的刘如英以实际行动弘扬中华优秀传统文化。
36.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词且前面有逗号,设空处前面是Liu Ruying,结合句意可知此处表示“刘如英的祖父”,所以推断设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Liu Ruying,关系词在从句中作定语。故填whose。
37.on 考查介词。句意:她的祖父对她影响非常大。a great influence on sb.对某人影响非常大的人。故填on。
38.began 考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词,根据时间状语At the age of eight可知应使用一般过去时。故填began。
39.to experience 考查动词不定式。该句中It作形式主语,此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to experience。
40.courses 考查名词复数。此处指我必须平衡我的学业和我感兴趣的其他课程。course意为“课程”时是可数名词,前面有other,应用复数形式。故填courses。
41.introducing 考查动名词。the idea of doing sth.意为“做某事的想法”。故填introducing。
42.the 考查冠词。with the help of...意为“在……的帮助下”。故填the。
43.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词love,应使用副词,故填extremely。
44.is considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指京剧有悠久的历史并且被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。设空处在句中作谓语,此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,Beijing Opera与consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为单数意义,谓语动词应用单数,故填is considered。
45.ourselves 考查反身代词。此处指我们应该让我们自己为弘扬我们的文化和保护世界文化多样性做出巨大努力。设空处作let的宾语,此处动作的承受者就是动作的执行者,应使用反身代词。故填ourselves。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Alex,
Glad to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after the Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination to you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well. 600 metres in height, Canton Tower is like a modern-looking lady greeting visitors from home and abroad.
I am looking forward to your coming and may you have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
When Dad and Mom arrived home a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess. Mom was angry and shouted, “Listen to me, young man. I left you in charge. We thought you would act like an adult, but look at the mess. The money for food has been used up but why does Spot still look hungry What did you do with the money we left ” With his face turning pale, Daniel tried to tell the truth, but words failed him. Then came a moment of dead silence. Feeling sorry for Daniel, Jane explained anxiously, “Mummy, Spot is sick, so we spent the rest of the money taking it to the pet clinic.”
Paragraph 2:
Daniel ran into his room,with tears in his eyes,“Jane,there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.” Comforting Mom, Dad said calmly, “There is probably a good explanation for everything.” Hearing the little daughter's words, Mom understood that the reason why they had no time to clean the house was that they waited for Spot at the clinic all day. Mom regretted acting so angrily and was satisfied that Daniel learnt to be responsible for others. She apologized to Daniel sincerely and hugged him tightly, saying, “You are really growing up into a young man.”
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2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
全卷满分120分 考试用时100分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Europe is one of the best travelling options for everyone. It's rich in culture, and every country is distinct in beauty. If you want to know more about the history and get the best cultural experience, these are the places where you should visit.
Vienna
Vienna is a cultural and political center. It is known as the city of music and the city of dreams, being an important place for Beethoven and Sigmund Freud. It's also considered one of the world's most livable cities, where the quality of life is high.
Berlin
Berlin, the capital of Germany, is the place of culture, politics, media and science. It has a long history, and you can learn many things about the city's contributions to the whole world. Travelling in Berlin is quite easy. You are provided with trains, trams, buses and the metro, and you can also use a bike to get from one place to another.
Amsterdam
Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, is known for the number of canals that are part of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The good thing about Amsterdam is that you can visit it by bike, as it has one of the best networks of cycle routes in the world.
Brussels
Brussels, the capital of Belgium, is full of cultural events, being one of the most international cities in Europe and a time machine at the same time. Brussels being a relatively small city, you can visit many places in one day. Belgium is also known for the most delicious chocolate and the best beer in the world, so you definitely need to have a taste.
1.Which city best suits music lovers
A.Vienna. B.Berlin.
C.Amsterdam. D.Brussels.
2.What do Berlin and Amsterdam have in common
A.They are both relatively small.
B.They are both friendly to cyclists.
C.They are both known for UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
D.They are both among the world's most livable cities.
3.Where is the text probably from
A.A news report. B.A review.
C.A novel. D.A travel brochure.
B
Dragon Head-Raising Day: time for a haircut
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. Dragon Head-Raising Day (the Longtaitou Festival) is one of them.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar(阴历). It stands for the start of spring and farming. This year, the day fell on February 21.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants(传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate Dragon Head-Raising Day with many customs about dragons.
On the day in ancient times, people put ash in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn.
Also, people eat special food on that day. The food is usually named after the dragon. For example, people eat “dragon whisker(须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is to have hair cut. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother's brothers. So many people have their hair cut on Dragon Head-Raising Day.
4.Which country celebrates Dragon Head-Raising Day
A.Britain. B.France.
C.The United States. D.China.
5.When was Dragon Head-Raising Day this year
A.On March 14. B.On February 2.
C.On February 21. D.On March 8.
6.On the day in ancient times, why did people put ash in the kitchen
A.Because the dragon liked ash.
B.Because ash could lead the dragon into the house.
C.Because ash stood for harvest.
D.Because ash could bring good luck.
7.Which custom about the day has remained according to the passage
A.Dragon boat racing. B.Eating zongzi.
C.Having hair cut. D.Eating mooncakes.
C
Before war and time destroy more of our important cultural sites, we need to save them in 3-D digital libraries. Across 167 different countries, more than 1,000 natural and cultural historic places make up our most precious human heritage, which UNESCO calls World Heritage Sites.
We lose a little of that heritage every day. War, climate change and pollution have a bad effect, as do wind and rain. The $4 million a year that UNESCO spends on preservation is not nearly enough to take care of even the four dozen sites considered to approach the risk of being lost forever. Now there's a better choice. New digital-conservation technologies let us hold on to them, at least virtually(虚拟地), through 3-D scanning, modeling and digital storage. Such projects can be done through cooperation between governments, universities, industry and non-profit organizations.
To make a 3-D model, a laser(激光) scanner bounces(反射) light off an object and records the results. To reproduce every corner and opening, the scanner collects overlapping(重叠的) images from all possible angles. A computer then sews them together into one large surface image and draws lines from one point to another to create a wireframe model. High-resolution digital cameras add color and texture. When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.
These scans do more than preserve a memory database. With highly accurate measurements, archaeologists(考古学家)can find hidden passages or reveal ancient engineering tricks. School kids can explore places they might otherwise never see. And when a site is destroyed, the scans can even be used to reconstruct what was there. That has already happened to one World Heritage Site, the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda. Built of wood in 1882, they were destroyed by fire in 2010 and rebuilt in 2014, based in large part on 3-D models made in 2009. More than 100 World Heritage Sites have been already preserved as 3-D models, and conservationists are racing to record as many as possible.
8.How does the author show the necessity for 3-D digital libraries in the first two paragraphs
A.By listing the threats to our human heritage.
B.By introducing some damaged historic sites.
C.By quoting some experts' views on heritage protection.
D.By explaining UNESCO's research on World Heritage Sites.
9.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.The function of a laser scanner is to add color and texture to the image.
B.The reflection of light off an object is recorded in a computer.
C.The process of making a 3-D model is successfully carried out with the help of a laser scanner, a computer and high-resolution digital cameras.
D.High-resolution digital cameras make the models viewable, printable, or operable.
10.What do we know about the Kasubi Tombs in Uganda
A.They are metal-framed.
B.They are still in their original condition.
C.They were once destroyed in an earthquake.
D.They were reconstructed thanks to 3-D models.
11.What does the author intend to say through this text
A.Never ignore the destructive power of war.
B.Take action to reduce pollution in historic places.
C.Take advantage of 3-D technology to keep history.
D.Invest more money to preserve World Heritage Sites.
D
What's your opinion on spicy food Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili pepper in their dinner while others can't get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love the chili while others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating back to the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chilies is related to childhood experiences, and that culture affects our taste too. But the latest study has found that a person's love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that the liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect personality with intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John E. Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.
But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike the sour, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This gets scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people's longing for thrills, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about their personality, for example, whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes a chili burn, mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and how participants said they felt about the spicy water, researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason why some people can withstand(承受) spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found more otherwise. “It's not that it doesn't burn as badly, but that you actually learn to like the burning feeling,” Hayes explained.
12.What's the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph
A.Dislike. B.Fear. C.Put up with. D.Adapt to.
13.What did Professor John E. Hayes and his team discover from their study
A.What we eat actually helps to develop our personality.
B.Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C.Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D.People are wrong to treat “spicy” as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.
14.Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study
A.Because their taste has become less sensitive.
B.Because they love the burning feeling.
C.Because they want to challenge themselves.
D.Because the more they try spicy food, the less it burns.
15.What's the main idea of the passage
A.What one likes to eat mainly depends on his/her personality.
B.Whether one enjoys spicy food depends largely on his/her personality.
C.One's personal experiences have nothing to do with his/her taste.
D.Different people have different senses of taste.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every day we are surrounded by people from different cultures. It's important to expose(使接触) our children to other cultures early in life. Here are a few ideas of introducing your child to different cultures.
Watch documentaries and read books from different cultures.
A great way to expose your child to other cultures is watching documentaries and reading worldwide books. 16 And they contain beautiful illustrations of diverse landscapes, food and traditions. You can also find documentaries online that highlight(突出) important historical events and cultural traditions from different parts of the world.
17
If you live in a city with a lot of diversity, chances are there are lots of great museums and cultural centers to visit. Many museums and cultural centers also offer programs and events specifically for kids. 18
Talk to friends who are from different cultures.
If you know someone from a different culture, take the opportunity to talk with them about their heritage. This is a great way to understand what life is like in their country or community. 19 It can help your child feel more connected with the persons you're talking to.
Learning a new language can be a fun and rewarding(有益的) experience.
If you're looking for a deeper experience, consider attending some language classes. 20 And, if there aren't any classes available(可获得的) in your area, you may be able to find an online program that's perfect for your child.
A.Attend a cultural festival or event.
B.Visit a local museum or cultural center.
C.Many great children's books tell stories from different cultures.
D.Talk to your child's school to find out if there are any classes available.
E.These are often interactive while teaching your child about different cultures.
F.You can also ask your friends to teach your child some words in their native language.
G.One of the best ways is cooking traditional dishes from those cultures together.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every culture on the planet has certain topics that people avoid discussing. But the taboos(禁忌) of one culture may be very different from those of another. You may be 21 that people from other cultures say what you can't talk about.
Paying attention to what people don't 22 can teach us something important about their culture. Their taboo topics give us clues about what they value, respect or even fear. Topics that are considered too personal or too controversial(有争议的) may also be avoided.
America is full of taboo topics. Usually, during a polite conversation, Americans will 23 both politics and religion. They also avoid talking about racial issues.
Why Because these topics can cause strong opinions and 24 . Americans believe that it's best to avoid them—especially at social gatherings.
Many Americans also do not feel 25 talking about their personal income, age or health. 26 , they prefer to make small talk about the weather, sports or common interests.
What do these taboos tell us about American 27 For one, they show that Americans place importance on 28 . America certainly isn't the only place that values it. You will find 29 taboos about asking personal questions in many European countries. “This is especially true in Germany,” says Hanna Graf, a German living in Shanghai. “In Germany, you are not supposed to ask about other people's personal business,” she says. “But there are no 30 rules about what you can't ask; it's just in people's minds.”
In Brazil, 31 , almost anything seems open to discussion. “Brazilians talk about all kinds of personal issues,” says Mark Quinlan, who grew up in Brazil. But of course, even Brazil has its own taboos. In Brazil, soccer is one of the topics that can turn friends into enemies. Brazilians love the sport. Saying anything 32 about soccer can cause big trouble. Even expressing preference for one team over another can be 33 .
Like Brazilians, Australians talk freely about almost anything. However, they do not talk about their personal or business 34 . They prefer to let people judge them by their actions, not their words. Boasting about your achievements will only make you the 35 of other people's jokes.
And what about your taboos Next time you have a conversation, pay attention to what isn't said. You might be amazed at what you learn about your own culture.
21.A.excited B.surprised C.fascinated D.relieved
22.A.stress B.consider C.desire D.discuss
23.A.rule out B.take to
C.touch upon D.focus on
24.A.arguments B.interactions
C.agreements D.relationships
25.A.embarrassed B.confused
C.relaxed D.disappointed
26.A.Besides B.Occasionally
C.Frankly D.Instead
27.A.values B.features
C.statuses D.dreams
28.A.culture B.independence
C.privacy D.freedom
29.A.giant B.unique C.similar D.aggressive
30.A.specialized B.basic C.common D.written
31.A.moreover B.however C.therefore D.anyhow
32.A.super B.worthless C.magical D.negative
33.A.beneficial B.impressive C.dangerous D.emotional
34.A.achievements B.secrets
C.lives D.failures
35.A.audience B.designer C.target D.interpreter
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Ruying, 36 grandfather is a huge fan of Beijing Opera, has been interested in Beijing Opera for much of her young life. Her grandfather is a great influence 37 her. At the age of eight, she 38 (begin) to practice the classical art. It wasn't easy for a little girl 39 (experience) the difficult training, as performances combine martial arts, dancing and acrobatics(杂技).
“Sometimes I was tired,” she said. “I had to balance my studies and other 40 (course) I was interested in, such as dance. But the great charm(魅力) of Beijing Opera made me always practice it.”
When Liu got the news that her region would have a cultural exchange with other countries, she had the idea of 41 (introduce) Beijing Opera to the world in English. With 42 help of her mother, she took part in the activity after several months of practice.
“I 43 (extreme) love traditional Chinese culture,” she said. “Beijing Opera has a long history and 44 (consider) a treasure of our nation. We should let 45 (we) make great efforts to carry forward our culture and protect the cultural diversity of the world.”
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游,Alex很激动,请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。要点如下:
1.写信目的;
2.简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad and Mom had got to go on a four-day business trip. They taught their elder son Daniel and younger daughter Jane how to feed and look after their dog, Spot, how to take good care of themselves—learning to cook if they could, or ordering pizza—with the money left on the table—if they were busy, and told them to keep their rooms clean and tidy. They asked Daniel to be in charge.
On the very morning when the parents left, Mom kissed them and said to Daniel gently, “Young man, do take care of Spot and Jane.” Daniel promised, “I will, Mom.”
Too excited to fall asleep again, Daniel and Jane jumped out of bed, calling out to each other to get up. Their pet dog, Spot, heard the similar voice and rushed in, with a ball in its mouth. Jane stuck(伸) her head into Daniel's room, “Spot got up an hour earlier. Let's walk it.” Daniel said excitedly, “I'm coming, but, Jane, don't forget to keep your room clean and tidy.” “I will.”
They ran with the dog in the yard and threw the ball away for Spot to bring it back. They had fun playing with Spot the whole morning. Washing Spot was slow and tiring as it was the first time they had done it. Then Daniel settled down to his homework while Jane did her reading with interest.
The following day, Jane begged her brother to order pizza for lunch. Daniel agreed excitedly, “We haven't tasted that for long and we behave ourselves, right ” After a while, he added, “We should save money, too.” Within half an hour, they treated themselves to a big pizza. However, in the afternoon, Spot looked sick, lying lazily and unwilling to move. Daniel was concerned about the dog and took it to the pet clinic immediately with Jane as their parents had done.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When Dad and Mom arrived home a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess.
Paragraph 2:
Daniel ran into his room,with tears in his eyes,“Jane, there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.”
答案与解析
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.C
8.A 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B
15.B 16.C 17.B 18.E 19.F 20.D 21.B
22.D 23.A 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.A 28.C
29.C 30.D 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.A 35.C
36.whose 37.on 38.began 39.to experience 40.courses 41.introducing 42.the 43.extremely 44.is considered 45.ourselves
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Vienna部分中的“It is known as the city of music”可知,维也纳最适合音乐爱好者。故选A。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Berlin部分中的“you can also use a bike to get from one place to another”和Amsterdam部分中的“The good thing about Amsterdam is that you can visit it by bike”可知,这两个城市都对骑自行车的人很友好。故选B。
3.D 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了维也纳、柏林、阿姆斯特丹和布鲁塞尔这四个适合旅游的欧洲城市,所以本文可能选自旅游手册。故选D。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国的传统节日之一——龙抬头和龙在中国文化中的重要性。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,龙抬头是中国的传统节日之一。故选D。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This year, the day fell on February 21.”可知,今年的龙抬头是在2月21日。故选C。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“On the day in ancient times, people put ash in the kitchen. This was to ‘lead the dragon into the house’.”可知,在古代龙抬头这一天,人们把灰放在厨房里,这样就能引龙来家里。由此可知,古代人们把灰放在厨房里是因为他们认为灰会把龙引进家。故选B。
7.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is to have hair cut.”可知,现在,许多风俗习惯已经消失了,但是在龙抬头这一天理发这一习俗还保留着。故选C。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了利用三维数字技术可以更好地保护世界文化遗产。
8.A 推理判断题。通读第一、二段可知,我们每天都会失去一点世界文化遗产,而且人类遗产面临战争、气候变化和污染等方面的不良影响。作者以此来说明建立三维数字图书馆的必要性。因此,A 项“通过列举人类遗产面临的威胁”符合题意。
9.C 推理判断题。第三段谈到了3-D模型的制作过程:“a laser(激光) scanner bounces...and records...”“A computer then sews...and draws...”“High-resolution digital cameras add...”“When fully put together, the models can be viewed, printed or operated.” 所以成功制作3-D模型需要激光扫描仪、电脑和高分辨率的数码摄像机的帮助,C项符合题意。
10.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二、三句可知,乌干达的卡苏比陵墓是1882年用木头建造的,2010年被大火烧毁,2014年被重建,主要基于2009年制造的三维模型。因此D 项“多亏了三维模型,它们才得以重建”符合题意。
11.C 推理判断题。通读全文,并结合第一段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知,作者写本文是想呼吁利用三维技术保护文化遗产,留住历史。因此,C 项“利用三维技术保留历史”符合题意。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明一些人喜欢吃辣味的食物跟他们的性格有关。
12.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子中的逻辑关键词while可知,前后内容是对比关系,while意为“然而”,所以推断出loathe应该与love意思相反。A项意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,符合语境。 B项意为“害怕”;C项意为“忍受”;D项意为“适应”,均与语境不符。
13.C 推理判断题。根据问题中的关键词“discover from their study”可知,考查研究结果,根据倒数第二段可推断出,那些倾向于看动作片或冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物,反向推之可知C项信息与原文相符。
14.B 细节理解题。根据问题中的关键词“the recent study”可知答案在最后一段(this latest study)。A项“因为他们的味觉不那么敏感了”是过去的思想。最新的研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物是因为人们喜欢灼烧的感觉,所以B项信息与原文相符。
15.B 主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句可知,最新的研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟性格有关,而且整篇文章主要是对此研究做出了具体说明,所以B项符合文章的主旨。注意A项“一个人喜欢吃什么主要取决于他/她的性格”范围过大,没有体现出“辣”这个主要信息。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何引导孩子们学习不同的文化。
16.C 设空处上一句提到“让你的孩子接触其他文化的一个好方法是看纪录片和阅读世界各地的书籍”,设空处下一句提到“并且它们包含各种风景、食物和传统的精美插图”,C项“许多伟大的儿童书籍讲述来自不同文化的故事”与设空处上一句所述话题一致,且C项与设空处下一句都是在具体介绍这类书籍,设空处下一句中的“they”指的是C项中的“Many great children's books”。故选C。
17.B 根据文章结构可知,设空处是本段的小标题。下文主要介绍了参观博物馆和文化中心,B项可以概括本段内容。故选B。
18.E 设空处上一句提到“许多博物馆和文化中心还专门为孩子们提供节目和活动”,E项“在教你的孩子了解不同的文化时,这些通常是互动的”是对博物馆和文化中心提供的节目和活动的进一步说明。E项中的“These”指的是设空处上一句中的“programs and events”。
19.F 根据小标题可知本段主要是谈论和来自不同文化背景的朋友交谈,设空处上一句提到“这是了解他们国家或社区生活的好方法”,F项“你也可以让你的朋友用他们的母语教你的孩子一些单词”与本段主旨相符。故选F。
20.D 设空处上一句提到“如果你期待更深层次的体验,可以考虑参加一些语言课程”,设空处下一句提到“而且,如果你所在的地区没有任何可获得的课程,你可以找到一个非常适合你孩子的在线课程”,D项“和你孩子的学校谈谈,以弄清是否有可获得的课程”与上下文联系紧密,想要参加语言课程,先在所在地区的学校问,如果没有,再去找在线的课程。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。不同文化背景下的语言禁忌能让我们了解每种文化中重要的东西。文章列举了几个国家的禁忌话题。
21.B 根据上文可知,每种文化的禁忌都不相同,所以来自其他文化的人说一些你不能谈论的事情时你可能会感到吃惊。故选B。
22.D 全文都在谈论禁忌话题,所以此处是说注意人们不讨论的东西可以教会我们一些关于他们的文化的重要的东西。故选D。
23.A 根据上文“America is full of taboo topics.”和下文“They also avoid...”可知,此处指美国人会排除政治和宗教话题。rule out把……排除在外。故选A。
24.A 根据下文“Americans believe that it's best to avoid them”可知,此处指这些话题可能会引起强烈的意见和争论。故选A。
25.C 此题可以和第26题一起解出。根据下文“they prefer to make small talk about the weather, sports or common interests”可知,许多美国人在谈论个人收入、年龄或健康状况时感到不自在,反而,他们更喜欢谈论天气、运动或共同的业余爱好。故本题选C,第26题选D。
26.D 解析见上题。
27.A 上文提到的那些禁忌可以告诉我们美国的价值观。故选A。
28.C 上文提到的“personal income, age or health”都属于隐私,所以美国人很重视隐私。故选C。
29.C 根据上文“America certainly isn't the only place that values it.”可知,你会发现许多欧洲国家中有类似的关于问私人问题的禁忌。故选C。
30.D 根据下文“it's just in people's minds”可知,关于你不能问什么没有明文规定。故选D。
31.B 上文提到美国和许多欧洲国家都有一些禁忌,根据下文“almost anything seems open to discussion”可知,此处与上文在内容上形成转折关系,设空处表示“然而”。故选B。
32.D 根据上文“Brazilians love the sport.”可知,说任何关于足球的负面的话都会带来大麻烦。故选D。
33.C 此处指甚至表达对一个球队的偏爱也可能是危险的。故选C。
34.A 根据下文“Boasting about your achievements”可知,他们不谈论他们的个人或商业成就。故选A。
35.C 此处指吹嘘你的成就只会让你成为别人笑话的对象。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了热爱京剧的刘如英以实际行动弘扬中华优秀传统文化。
36.whose 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词且前面有逗号,设空处前面是Liu Ruying,结合句意可知此处表示“刘如英的祖父”,所以推断设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Liu Ruying,关系词在从句中作定语。故填whose。
37.on 考查介词。句意:她的祖父对她影响非常大。a great influence on sb.对某人影响非常大的人。故填on。
38.began 考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词,根据时间状语At the age of eight可知应使用一般过去时。故填began。
39.to experience 考查动词不定式。该句中It作形式主语,此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to experience。
40.courses 考查名词复数。此处指我必须平衡我的学业和我感兴趣的其他课程。course意为“课程”时是可数名词,前面有other,应用复数形式。故填courses。
41.introducing 考查动名词。the idea of doing sth.意为“做某事的想法”。故填introducing。
42.the 考查冠词。with the help of...意为“在……的帮助下”。故填the。
43.extremely 考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词love,应使用副词,故填extremely。
44.is considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处指京剧有悠久的历史并且被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。设空处在句中作谓语,此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,Beijing Opera与consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为单数意义,谓语动词应用单数,故填is considered。
45.ourselves 考查反身代词。此处指我们应该让我们自己为弘扬我们的文化和保护世界文化多样性做出巨大努力。设空处作let的宾语,此处动作的承受者就是动作的执行者,应使用反身代词。故填ourselves。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Alex,
Glad to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after the Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination to you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well. 600 metres in height, Canton Tower is like a modern-looking lady greeting visitors from home and abroad.
I am looking forward to your coming and may you have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
When Dad and Mom arrived home a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess. Mom was angry and shouted, “Listen to me, young man. I left you in charge. We thought you would act like an adult, but look at the mess. The money for food has been used up but why does Spot still look hungry What did you do with the money we left ” With his face turning pale, Daniel tried to tell the truth, but words failed him. Then came a moment of dead silence. Feeling sorry for Daniel, Jane explained anxiously, “Mummy, Spot is sick, so we spent the rest of the money taking it to the pet clinic.”
Paragraph 2:
Daniel ran into his room,with tears in his eyes,“Jane,there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.” Comforting Mom, Dad said calmly, “There is probably a good explanation for everything.” Hearing the little daughter's words, Mom understood that the reason why they had no time to clean the house was that they waited for Spot at the clinic all day. Mom regretted acting so angrily and was satisfied that Daniel learnt to be responsible for others. She apologized to Daniel sincerely and hugged him tightly, saying, “You are really growing up into a young man.”
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