2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 4 Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures &Listening and Talking（答案与解析）
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2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My money is (/s f nt/), and I want to buy a gift for my mother.
2.You should get up early tomorrow morning, (否则) you'll be late for school.
3.New educational (设施) as well as more public space were added in our school.
4.Cars will run on s power and they will be much cleaner.
5.Training was held for tour guides who should encourage visitors to participate in garbage sorting and (回收利用) during tours.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The matter you come up with is (current) being discussed.
2.I'm keen providing signers for deaf people and readers for the blind.
3.After studying the map, we figured that our car was parked three kilometers away.
4.I can't think of any words to describe the beauty here. Its beauty is description, which attracts numerous visitors from all over the world.
5.She was afraid of making an exhibition of herself. This was she was (lack) in training.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.If you want to be admitted into the English club, you must have the basic ability (read) and write in English.
2.Many specialists have been struggling to find a way (predict) the earthquake.
3.Our mother is always the first person (get)up. She always prepares a hearty breakfast for us, and we all love her.
4.A great number of immediate measures have been taken (ensure) people's lives and safety.
5.He surfs the Internet every day (keep) track of the latest news.
6.Mr. Brown hurried to the station, only (find) that the train had left.
7.Please be patient with her. She is too young (understand) that.
8.The father walked slowly enough (make) his child follow him.
9.There were so many people that Lucy had to shout and wave so as (notice).
题型(二)
1.如果你给我这样一次机会展示我的天赋我将感激不尽。
I would appreciate it if you could give me such my talent.
2.毫无疑问这个活动给我们提供了一个亲近大自然的机会。
There is no doubt that the activity offers us a chance nature.(2020全国Ⅱ写作)
3.为了保持健康,我们应该设法每天保持好心情。
, we should try to be in a good mood each day.
4.知道自己被一所重点大学录取,她是如此高兴以至于双手掩面、喜极而泣。
She was so glad she was admitted to a key university that she buried her face in her hands and wept for joy.(读后续写—心理描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023江西景德镇期中)
A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like flows of dry sand. If water is present, it is likely to be a small amount. Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial(微生物的) life.
NASA, the American space agency, says more research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASA's Mars exploration programme. He notes that the latest study does not reject the presence of water. But he admits, “It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs(悬崖). ”
The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey. His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas. Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees. These measurements are similar to active sand dunes(沙丘) on both Mars and Earth. A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry, this suggests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain.
“I still think that Mars has great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer says. “As long as that's true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”
NASA currently has no robotic vehicle—either on Mars or in development—with the ability to climb steep slopes. The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without pilots.
1.What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study
A.A lot of little life. B.An amount of water.
C.Some Martian hills. D.Dark markings are sand.
2.When do the markings come out
A.In Martian spring. B.In Martian summer.
C.In Martian autumn. D.In Martian winter.
3.What's Meyer's opinion about having life on Mars
A.Doubtful. B.Trustful.
C.Indifferent. D.Objective.
4.What does the underlined word “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Undiscovered. B.Strange.
C.Magical. D.Icy.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广东广州四校联考)
The universe has never failed to catch mankind's attention. The ancient humans came up with stories to explain the presence of the sun and other planets. As time went by, humans set their sights on exploring the vastness of space. In 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon's surface. 1
It allows people to know more about the universe.
Undoubtedly, space exploration has answered the question of whether the earth is round or not and proved that the earth does circle around the sun, and not the other way round. 2 It gives people a deeper understanding of the universe and provides more information about the world they live in for them.
It paves the way for advanced technology.
Scientists are always developing new technology for space programs, but the good news is that these new innovations(新方法) aren't just useful to astronauts or for space programs. 3 In fact they have already led to the development of modern products and devices that many people use, for example, the breast cancer test imaging.
4
Space exploration doesn't just involve scientists or astronauts; it also requires the skills and labor of many engineers, research assistants, technicians, mechanics, and other professionals. If space exploration were stopped today, these people would become jobless, and they wouldn't have the means to support themselves or their family.
It can offer solutions to many problems.
Aside from collecting information about outer space, many space exploration programs are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society. Some programs, for example, help scientists learn more about the earth's atmosphere and know how to better predict weather and natural disasters. 5 This may be the solution to the earth's growing population.
Space exploration is one of the biggest achievements of humans as a whole, and it has paved the way for greater scientific understanding and technological advancement over the years. There is no reason why we should stop our exploration.
A.It creates many jobs.
B.But it does much more than that.
C.It was a big step in space exploration.
D.They can also be used in other industries.
E.They also help scientists know more about the earth.
F.Others focus on looking for planets that can support human life.
G.Since then, space exploration has been going on and brought many benefits.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021江苏扬州期末)
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have 1 to reach the planet, some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after China's Mars probe, Tianwen 1, was 2 on July 23 last year, there was an 3 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both 5 and celebration in the country. The landing was 6 exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world's pioneering 7 , and shows that China has 8 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China's scientific and technological development in recent decades 9 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 10 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country. 12 , the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space, 13 a series of launches that will complete the building of the space station around 2022.
All these achievements have 14 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. During its Mars mission, China has worked with European 15 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
1.A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
2.A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
3.A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
4.A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
5.A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
6.A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
7.A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
8.A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
9.A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
10.A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
11.A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
12.A.Thus B.Therefore
C.Furthermore D.However
13.A.getting off B.cutting off
C.starting off D.putting off
14.A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
15.A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures &
Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.sufficient 2.otherwise 3.facilities 4.solar
5.recycling
Ⅱ.1.currently 考查副词。句意:你提出的问题目前正在被讨论。设空处作状语,应用副词。故填currently。
2.on 考查介词。句意:我热衷于为失聪者提供手语译员,为盲人提供朗读员。be keen on doing sth.意为“热衷于做某事”。故填on。
3.out 考查固定搭配。句意:研究地图后,我们弄清楚了我们的车停在三千米外。figure out意为“弄清楚;弄懂”。故填out。
4.beyond 考查介词。句意:我想不出任何言语来形容这里的美。它的美难以形容,吸引着众多来自世界各地的游客。beyond description意为“难以形容”。故填beyond。
5.because;lacking 考查表语从句和形容词。句意:她担心出洋相。这是因为她缺乏训练。结合句意可知,第一空后面说的是原因,应用because,This was because...意为“这是因为……”;be lacking in...意为“缺乏……”,lacking为形容词,意为“缺乏的”。故第一空填because,第二空填lacking。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.to read 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:如果你想被准许加入英语俱乐部,你必须有基本的英语读写能力。the ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”,其中动词不定式作后置定语。故填to read。
2.to predict 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:许多专家一直在努力寻找预测地震的方法。a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”,其中动词不定式作后置定语。故填to predict。
3.to get 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:我们的妈妈总是第一个起床的人。她总是为我们准备一顿丰盛的早餐,我们都很爱她。person前有序数词,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
4.to ensure 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:已经立即采取了大量措施来确保人们的生命安全。结合句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
5.to keep 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:他每天上网以了解最新消息。结合句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。
6.to find 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:布朗先生急匆匆地赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。此处表示出乎意料的结果,应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
7.to understand 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:请对她耐心点。她太小了,不能理解那件事。too...to do sth.为固定结构,意为“太……而不能做某事”,动词不定式作结果状语。故填to understand。
8.to make 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:父亲走得很慢,足以让孩子跟着他。...enough to do sth.表示“足够……做某事”,动词不定式作结果状语。故填to make。
9.to be noticed 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:人太多了,露西不得不叫喊和挥手以引起注意。so as to do sth.意为“为了做某事”,表目的。Lucy与notice之间是被动关系,因此应该用不定式的被动形式。故填to be noticed。
题型(二)
1.an opportunity/a chance to show 2.to get close to
3.To keep healthy/fit 4.to know
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国科学家的一项新的研究发现:火星上黑色的斑点是沙子而不是水。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water.”可知,科学家发现火星上的黑色斑点是沙子而不是水。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第三句“They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year.”可知,这样的斑点会在火星的夏季出现。故选B。
3.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段Meyer说的话“我仍然认为,火星在其历史早期存在生命的可能性很大。”可推知,Meyer相信火星上有生命。故选B。
4.A 词义猜测题。此处是在说火星上存在生命的可能性,Meyer相信火星上是存在生命的,根据画线词后面的“or well hidden”可知,画线词所在句的意思为“它只是碰巧没被发现或者说隐藏得很好”。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.suggest v.表明;暗示 2.represent v.代表
3.evidence n.证据 4.note v.指出;特别提到 5.finding n.调查发现;调研结果 6.remain v.继续存在;遗留
7.potential n.可能性;潜力 8.reasonable adj.有理由的;合理的 9.equipment n.设备 e up with提出
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了探索太空对人类的益处。
1.G 过渡句。根据前文“As time went by...became the first person to walk on the moon’s surface.(随着时间的流逝,人类决心探索太空的浩瀚。1969年,宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球表面行走的人。)”和后文的几个小标题可知,此处承上启下,G项“从那以后,太空探索一直在进行,并带来了很多好处”符合语境。故选G。
2.B 过渡句。根据前文“space exploration has answered the question of...and proved that the earth...”可知,太空探索回答了人类的一些问题;后文谈到它让人们对宇宙有了更深的了解,并为人们提供了更多关于他们生活的世界的信息。这也是太空探索为人类所做的事情,B项“但它做的远不止那些”承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
3.D 过渡句。根据前文“but the good news is that these new innovations aren’t just useful to astronauts or for space programs(但好消息是,这些新方法不只是对宇航员或太空计划有用)”和后文的关键信息“modern products and devices”“breast cancer test imaging”可知,它们也会应用于其他行业。D项“它们也可以用于其他行业”承上启下,符合语境。故选D。
4.A 主旨句。 根据空格的位置可知此处为该段主旨句。该段主要讲的是太空探索不仅涉及科学家和宇航员,还需要工程师、研究助理、技师等其他专业人员,如果停止太空探索,这些人将失业。A项“它创造了许多工作”符合本段主旨,且与其他段的主旨句句式一致。故选A。
5.F 细节句。根据本段第一句中的“many space exploration programs are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society”可知,许多太空探索计划被用来解决我们现代社会的一些问题。后面举了例子“Some programs...help scientists...”,F项“另一些则专注于寻找能够维持人类生命的行星”也是一个例子,且和上文形成some...others...的结构,同时,设空处后面的“growing population”照应了选项中的“support human life”。故选F。
易错归因 本题容易受前面“help scientists”的影响而误选E项,因为E项中有“also help scientists”。
【高频词汇】 1.presence n.存在;出现 2.pave vt.铺(路)
3.professional n.专业人士;专家 4.achievement n.成绩,成就 5.as a whole作为一个整体;总体上
【熟词生义】 1.means n.财富,钱财 2.support v.养活;维持
【差距词汇】 the other way round 颠倒过来;相反
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国发射的“天问一号”探测器成功登陆火星,表明中国空间技术有了巨大飞跃。
1.B 根据上文可知,自1960年以来,全球已经进行了大约五十次火星发射任务;结合“Yet”可知,超过一半的火星任务“失败”了。故选B。A.开始;C.试图;D.成功。
2.C 根据常识和下文“The craft landed...on Saturday.”可知,天问一号是“去年”7月23日“发射”的。故选C。A.运输;B.发现;D.解决。
3.A 根据上文可知,自1960年以来,全球已经进行了大约五十次火星发射任务,但超过一半都失败了。所以在天问一号发射之后,所有人都在“焦急地”等待它的进展情况。故选A。B.意识到的;C.令人尴尬的;D.令人惊讶的。
4.B 根据下文“The news has been met with both 5 and celebration in the country.”可知,飞行器“安全地”在火星表面着陆,举国欢庆。故选B。A.突然;C.镇定地;D.明显地。
5.D 根据上文“an 3 wait for its progress”及空格后的“celebration”可知,当天问一号发射之后,所有人都焦急地等待它的进展情况,所以它的安全着陆是“令人宽慰的”。故选D。A.反对;B.后悔;C.遗憾。
6.C 根据空格后的“exactly as planned”可知,飞行器安全着陆,它的着陆是按计划“实施”的。故选C。A.带走;B.赢得;D.继续做。
7.A 根据上文“the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering”可知,飞行器安全地在火星表面着陆使中国成为世界先锋“探索者”行列的最新成员。故选A。B.申请人;C.官员;D.编辑。
8.C 根据下文“the technologies independently”可知,这些技术是中国自主“研发”的。故选C。A.借;B.选择;D.去除。
9.D 空格前讲乐观精神在中国的科学技术发展方面起着关键的作用,空格后讲探索太空遇到过一些失败。前后为让步关系,despite符合语境。故选D。A.没有,缺乏;B.超过;C.除……之外。
10.D 根据下文“has made the most of what it had over the past more...to move ahead in the aerospace cause”可知,中国从20世纪60年代开始就在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的“突破”,之后也一直在努力。故选D。A.承诺;B.影响;C.发明。
11.B 根据下文“largely a backward agricultural country”并结合常识可知,当时中国在很大程度上“仍然是”一个落后的农业大国。故选B。A.变成;C.结束;D.启动。
12.D 根据上文“...the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country”和下文“the country has made the most of what it had...”可知,虽然中国在很大程度上是一个落后的农业大国,“但是”它在过去六十多年里已经充分利用了它所拥有的,努力向前推进航天事业。此处表示转折。故选D。
13.C 根据空格前后内容可知,随着“天和”核心舱进入太空,中国“开始”了一系列建设空间站的发射任务。故选C。A.离开;B.切断;D.推迟。
14.B 根据空格前后内容可知,所有这些成就极大地“促成”太空的和平使用。contribute to表示“促成”。故选B。appeal to呼吁,吸引;respond to回应;belong to属于。
15.C 根据上文“China has worked with European”和下文“and other countries”可知,中国已经和欧洲的伙伴及其他国家合作来探索太空。partner可表示“与另一国家有协议关系的国家或组织”。故选C。A.邻居;B.朋友;D.同班同学。
【高频词汇】 1.globally adv.世界上;全球地
2.largely adv.在很大程度上 3.backward adj.落后的;倒退的 4.agricultural adj.农业的,与农业有关的
5.a series of 一系列的;一连串的
【差距词汇】 meet...with...对……作出……反应(被动语态be met with)
长难句
原句 The landing was carried out exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering explorers, and shows that China has developed the technologies independently.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,在该定语从句中,and连接两个并列的谓语动词;第二个谓语动词shows后的that引导宾语从句。
译文 这次登陆完全按照计划实行,这使中国成为世界先锋探索者行列的最新成员,也表明中国已经自主研发了这些技术。
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2024人教版高中英语必修第三册同步
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My money is (/s f nt/), and I want to buy a gift for my mother.
2.You should get up early tomorrow morning, (否则) you'll be late for school.
3.New educational (设施) as well as more public space were added in our school.
4.Cars will run on s power and they will be much cleaner.
5.Training was held for tour guides who should encourage visitors to participate in garbage sorting and (回收利用) during tours.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The matter you come up with is (current) being discussed.
2.I'm keen providing signers for deaf people and readers for the blind.
3.After studying the map, we figured that our car was parked three kilometers away.
4.I can't think of any words to describe the beauty here. Its beauty is description, which attracts numerous visitors from all over the world.
5.She was afraid of making an exhibition of herself. This was she was (lack) in training.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.If you want to be admitted into the English club, you must have the basic ability (read) and write in English.
2.Many specialists have been struggling to find a way (predict) the earthquake.
3.Our mother is always the first person (get)up. She always prepares a hearty breakfast for us, and we all love her.
4.A great number of immediate measures have been taken (ensure) people's lives and safety.
5.He surfs the Internet every day (keep) track of the latest news.
6.Mr. Brown hurried to the station, only (find) that the train had left.
7.Please be patient with her. She is too young (understand) that.
8.The father walked slowly enough (make) his child follow him.
9.There were so many people that Lucy had to shout and wave so as (notice).
题型(二)
1.如果你给我这样一次机会展示我的天赋我将感激不尽。
I would appreciate it if you could give me such my talent.
2.毫无疑问这个活动给我们提供了一个亲近大自然的机会。
There is no doubt that the activity offers us a chance nature.(2020全国Ⅱ写作)
3.为了保持健康,我们应该设法每天保持好心情。
, we should try to be in a good mood each day.
4.知道自己被一所重点大学录取,她是如此高兴以至于双手掩面、喜极而泣。
She was so glad she was admitted to a key university that she buried her face in her hands and wept for joy.(读后续写—心理描写)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023江西景德镇期中)
A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like flows of dry sand. If water is present, it is likely to be a small amount. Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial(微生物的) life.
NASA, the American space agency, says more research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASA's Mars exploration programme. He notes that the latest study does not reject the presence of water. But he admits, “It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs(悬崖). ”
The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey. His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas. Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees. These measurements are similar to active sand dunes(沙丘) on both Mars and Earth. A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry, this suggests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain.
“I still think that Mars has great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer says. “As long as that's true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”
NASA currently has no robotic vehicle—either on Mars or in development—with the ability to climb steep slopes. The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Martian helicopters or planes without pilots.
1.What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study
A.A lot of little life. B.An amount of water.
C.Some Martian hills. D.Dark markings are sand.
2.When do the markings come out
A.In Martian spring. B.In Martian summer.
C.In Martian autumn. D.In Martian winter.
3.What's Meyer's opinion about having life on Mars
A.Doubtful. B.Trustful.
C.Indifferent. D.Objective.
4.What does the underlined word “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Undiscovered. B.Strange.
C.Magical. D.Icy.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021广东广州四校联考)
The universe has never failed to catch mankind's attention. The ancient humans came up with stories to explain the presence of the sun and other planets. As time went by, humans set their sights on exploring the vastness of space. In 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon's surface. 1
It allows people to know more about the universe.
Undoubtedly, space exploration has answered the question of whether the earth is round or not and proved that the earth does circle around the sun, and not the other way round. 2 It gives people a deeper understanding of the universe and provides more information about the world they live in for them.
It paves the way for advanced technology.
Scientists are always developing new technology for space programs, but the good news is that these new innovations(新方法) aren't just useful to astronauts or for space programs. 3 In fact they have already led to the development of modern products and devices that many people use, for example, the breast cancer test imaging.
4
Space exploration doesn't just involve scientists or astronauts; it also requires the skills and labor of many engineers, research assistants, technicians, mechanics, and other professionals. If space exploration were stopped today, these people would become jobless, and they wouldn't have the means to support themselves or their family.
It can offer solutions to many problems.
Aside from collecting information about outer space, many space exploration programs are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society. Some programs, for example, help scientists learn more about the earth's atmosphere and know how to better predict weather and natural disasters. 5 This may be the solution to the earth's growing population.
Space exploration is one of the biggest achievements of humans as a whole, and it has paved the way for greater scientific understanding and technological advancement over the years. There is no reason why we should stop our exploration.
A.It creates many jobs.
B.But it does much more than that.
C.It was a big step in space exploration.
D.They can also be used in other industries.
E.They also help scientists know more about the earth.
F.Others focus on looking for planets that can support human life.
G.Since then, space exploration has been going on and brought many benefits.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2021江苏扬州期末)
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have 1 to reach the planet, some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after China's Mars probe, Tianwen 1, was 2 on July 23 last year, there was an 3 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both 5 and celebration in the country. The landing was 6 exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world's pioneering 7 , and shows that China has 8 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China's scientific and technological development in recent decades 9 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 10 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country. 12 , the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space, 13 a series of launches that will complete the building of the space station around 2022.
All these achievements have 14 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. During its Mars mission, China has worked with European 15 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
1.A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
2.A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
3.A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
4.A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
5.A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
6.A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
7.A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
8.A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
9.A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
10.A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
11.A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
12.A.Thus B.Therefore
C.Furthermore D.However
13.A.getting off B.cutting off
C.starting off D.putting off
14.A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
15.A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures &
Listening and Talking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.sufficient 2.otherwise 3.facilities 4.solar
5.recycling
Ⅱ.1.currently 考查副词。句意:你提出的问题目前正在被讨论。设空处作状语,应用副词。故填currently。
2.on 考查介词。句意:我热衷于为失聪者提供手语译员,为盲人提供朗读员。be keen on doing sth.意为“热衷于做某事”。故填on。
3.out 考查固定搭配。句意:研究地图后,我们弄清楚了我们的车停在三千米外。figure out意为“弄清楚;弄懂”。故填out。
4.beyond 考查介词。句意:我想不出任何言语来形容这里的美。它的美难以形容,吸引着众多来自世界各地的游客。beyond description意为“难以形容”。故填beyond。
5.because;lacking 考查表语从句和形容词。句意:她担心出洋相。这是因为她缺乏训练。结合句意可知,第一空后面说的是原因,应用because,This was because...意为“这是因为……”;be lacking in...意为“缺乏……”,lacking为形容词,意为“缺乏的”。故第一空填because,第二空填lacking。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.to read 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:如果你想被准许加入英语俱乐部,你必须有基本的英语读写能力。the ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”,其中动词不定式作后置定语。故填to read。
2.to predict 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:许多专家一直在努力寻找预测地震的方法。a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”,其中动词不定式作后置定语。故填to predict。
3.to get 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意:我们的妈妈总是第一个起床的人。她总是为我们准备一顿丰盛的早餐,我们都很爱她。person前有序数词,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
4.to ensure 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:已经立即采取了大量措施来确保人们的生命安全。结合句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
5.to keep 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:他每天上网以了解最新消息。结合句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。
6.to find 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:布朗先生急匆匆地赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。此处表示出乎意料的结果,应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to find。
7.to understand 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:请对她耐心点。她太小了,不能理解那件事。too...to do sth.为固定结构,意为“太……而不能做某事”,动词不定式作结果状语。故填to understand。
8.to make 考查动词不定式作结果状语。句意:父亲走得很慢,足以让孩子跟着他。...enough to do sth.表示“足够……做某事”,动词不定式作结果状语。故填to make。
9.to be noticed 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:人太多了,露西不得不叫喊和挥手以引起注意。so as to do sth.意为“为了做某事”,表目的。Lucy与notice之间是被动关系,因此应该用不定式的被动形式。故填to be noticed。
题型(二)
1.an opportunity/a chance to show 2.to get close to
3.To keep healthy/fit 4.to know
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国科学家的一项新的研究发现:火星上黑色的斑点是沙子而不是水。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water.”可知,科学家发现火星上的黑色斑点是沙子而不是水。故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第三句“They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year.”可知,这样的斑点会在火星的夏季出现。故选B。
3.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段Meyer说的话“我仍然认为,火星在其历史早期存在生命的可能性很大。”可推知,Meyer相信火星上有生命。故选B。
4.A 词义猜测题。此处是在说火星上存在生命的可能性,Meyer相信火星上是存在生命的,根据画线词后面的“or well hidden”可知,画线词所在句的意思为“它只是碰巧没被发现或者说隐藏得很好”。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.suggest v.表明;暗示 2.represent v.代表
3.evidence n.证据 4.note v.指出;特别提到 5.finding n.调查发现;调研结果 6.remain v.继续存在;遗留
7.potential n.可能性;潜力 8.reasonable adj.有理由的;合理的 9.equipment n.设备 e up with提出
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了探索太空对人类的益处。
1.G 过渡句。根据前文“As time went by...became the first person to walk on the moon’s surface.(随着时间的流逝,人类决心探索太空的浩瀚。1969年,宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球表面行走的人。)”和后文的几个小标题可知,此处承上启下,G项“从那以后,太空探索一直在进行,并带来了很多好处”符合语境。故选G。
2.B 过渡句。根据前文“space exploration has answered the question of...and proved that the earth...”可知,太空探索回答了人类的一些问题;后文谈到它让人们对宇宙有了更深的了解,并为人们提供了更多关于他们生活的世界的信息。这也是太空探索为人类所做的事情,B项“但它做的远不止那些”承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
3.D 过渡句。根据前文“but the good news is that these new innovations aren’t just useful to astronauts or for space programs(但好消息是,这些新方法不只是对宇航员或太空计划有用)”和后文的关键信息“modern products and devices”“breast cancer test imaging”可知,它们也会应用于其他行业。D项“它们也可以用于其他行业”承上启下,符合语境。故选D。
4.A 主旨句。 根据空格的位置可知此处为该段主旨句。该段主要讲的是太空探索不仅涉及科学家和宇航员,还需要工程师、研究助理、技师等其他专业人员,如果停止太空探索,这些人将失业。A项“它创造了许多工作”符合本段主旨,且与其他段的主旨句句式一致。故选A。
5.F 细节句。根据本段第一句中的“many space exploration programs are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society”可知,许多太空探索计划被用来解决我们现代社会的一些问题。后面举了例子“Some programs...help scientists...”,F项“另一些则专注于寻找能够维持人类生命的行星”也是一个例子,且和上文形成some...others...的结构,同时,设空处后面的“growing population”照应了选项中的“support human life”。故选F。
易错归因 本题容易受前面“help scientists”的影响而误选E项,因为E项中有“also help scientists”。
【高频词汇】 1.presence n.存在;出现 2.pave vt.铺(路)
3.professional n.专业人士;专家 4.achievement n.成绩,成就 5.as a whole作为一个整体;总体上
【熟词生义】 1.means n.财富,钱财 2.support v.养活;维持
【差距词汇】 the other way round 颠倒过来;相反
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国发射的“天问一号”探测器成功登陆火星,表明中国空间技术有了巨大飞跃。
1.B 根据上文可知,自1960年以来,全球已经进行了大约五十次火星发射任务;结合“Yet”可知,超过一半的火星任务“失败”了。故选B。A.开始;C.试图;D.成功。
2.C 根据常识和下文“The craft landed...on Saturday.”可知,天问一号是“去年”7月23日“发射”的。故选C。A.运输;B.发现;D.解决。
3.A 根据上文可知,自1960年以来,全球已经进行了大约五十次火星发射任务,但超过一半都失败了。所以在天问一号发射之后,所有人都在“焦急地”等待它的进展情况。故选A。B.意识到的;C.令人尴尬的;D.令人惊讶的。
4.B 根据下文“The news has been met with both 5 and celebration in the country.”可知,飞行器“安全地”在火星表面着陆,举国欢庆。故选B。A.突然;C.镇定地;D.明显地。
5.D 根据上文“an 3 wait for its progress”及空格后的“celebration”可知,当天问一号发射之后,所有人都焦急地等待它的进展情况,所以它的安全着陆是“令人宽慰的”。故选D。A.反对;B.后悔;C.遗憾。
6.C 根据空格后的“exactly as planned”可知,飞行器安全着陆,它的着陆是按计划“实施”的。故选C。A.带走;B.赢得;D.继续做。
7.A 根据上文“the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering”可知,飞行器安全地在火星表面着陆使中国成为世界先锋“探索者”行列的最新成员。故选A。B.申请人;C.官员;D.编辑。
8.C 根据下文“the technologies independently”可知,这些技术是中国自主“研发”的。故选C。A.借;B.选择;D.去除。
9.D 空格前讲乐观精神在中国的科学技术发展方面起着关键的作用,空格后讲探索太空遇到过一些失败。前后为让步关系,despite符合语境。故选D。A.没有,缺乏;B.超过;C.除……之外。
10.D 根据下文“has made the most of what it had over the past more...to move ahead in the aerospace cause”可知,中国从20世纪60年代开始就在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的“突破”,之后也一直在努力。故选D。A.承诺;B.影响;C.发明。
11.B 根据下文“largely a backward agricultural country”并结合常识可知,当时中国在很大程度上“仍然是”一个落后的农业大国。故选B。A.变成;C.结束;D.启动。
12.D 根据上文“...the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country”和下文“the country has made the most of what it had...”可知,虽然中国在很大程度上是一个落后的农业大国,“但是”它在过去六十多年里已经充分利用了它所拥有的,努力向前推进航天事业。此处表示转折。故选D。
13.C 根据空格前后内容可知,随着“天和”核心舱进入太空,中国“开始”了一系列建设空间站的发射任务。故选C。A.离开;B.切断;D.推迟。
14.B 根据空格前后内容可知,所有这些成就极大地“促成”太空的和平使用。contribute to表示“促成”。故选B。appeal to呼吁,吸引;respond to回应;belong to属于。
15.C 根据上文“China has worked with European”和下文“and other countries”可知,中国已经和欧洲的伙伴及其他国家合作来探索太空。partner可表示“与另一国家有协议关系的国家或组织”。故选C。A.邻居;B.朋友;D.同班同学。
【高频词汇】 1.globally adv.世界上;全球地
2.largely adv.在很大程度上 3.backward adj.落后的;倒退的 4.agricultural adj.农业的,与农业有关的
5.a series of 一系列的;一连串的
【差距词汇】 meet...with...对……作出……反应(被动语态be met with)
长难句
原句 The landing was carried out exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering explorers, and shows that China has developed the technologies independently.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句中关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,在该定语从句中,and连接两个并列的谓语动词;第二个谓语动词shows后的that引导宾语从句。
译文 这次登陆完全按照计划实行,这使中国成为世界先锋探索者行列的最新成员,也表明中国已经自主研发了这些技术。
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