2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION（答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION（答案与解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-10-18 09:46:44 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Today's modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval (中世纪的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe's top skiing destinations. If you're looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there You'll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort (旅游胜地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic clean-up project based in Barcelona, help to dispose of plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in the Renaissance villas(文艺复兴风格的别墅) and farmhouses. You don't need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
1.What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania
A.Finding a job in the castle.
B.Helping to care for bears.
C.Reading the novel Dracula.
D.Visiting its modern buildings.
2.Where can you help to protect the environment while traveling
A.In Spain.
B.In Tuscany.
C.In Transylvania.
D.In Austria.
3.What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany
A.They suit experienced riders.
B.They are unique to Tuscany.
C.They are growing in popularity.
D.They feature a typical guided tour.
B
On March 20, Keep Alamogordo Beautiful, the Alamogordo Chamber of Commerce and NMDOT District 2 hosted a large-scale community clean-up, drawing around 150 volunteers.
The clean-up spanned the Charlie Lee Memorial Relief Route that runs the length of the City of Alamogordo. The event saw the volunteers provided a total of 300 volunteer hours, which totals $7,407 in volunteer labor. Nearly 4,000 pounds of garbage, equating to 450 bags of garbage, were collected.
Thriving(蓬勃发展)in southern New Mexico, Boys and Girls Clubs of Otero County, the Rotary Club of White Sands, Pioneer Bank, Tularosa Communications, Zuni Electric, Inc., and Holloman Air Force Base all provided volunteers.
“Being a local business owner who was born and raised here, I've seen the growing need for garbage removal along our byways. We live in a great community, but we need to help change the mindsets and culture surrounding garbage. We need to remind folks to bag their garbage, tie it down, and be more responsible,” said Rodney Eaton, president of Zuni Electric, Inc.
“It is our job as community members to limit the lasting footprint we each leave on our community's environment,” says Josh Sides, coordinator of the Keep Alamogordo Beautiful program. “The community clean-up was a much-needed injection(注入) of inspiration to the heart of volunteerism here in Alamogordo. It is important that we all do our part to make Alamogordo a clean, green, and more beautiful place. I cannot thank the Alamogordo community enough for the massive show of support exhibited on Saturday during the community clean-up. This is the first of many to come.”
“The volunteers take much pride in keeping Alamogordo looking beautiful,” said District Two Maintenance's engineer Francesco Sanchez. “During these challenging times as we all try to maintain our highway assets (资产) with fewer funds, we rely on volunteers to help us keep our roads clean and beautiful.”
4.What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A.The expense of the event.
B.The pride of the volunteers.
C.The achievement of the event.
D.The severe pollution of the world.
5.What did Rodney Eaton suggest
A.Improving local business.
B.Preventing using garbage bags.
C.Building a much friendlier community.
D.Calling on people to keep the community clean.
6.What can we learn from Josh Sides
A.More clean-up activities will be organized in the future.
B.This is the first voluntary activity he took part in.
C.Alamogordo is the first city to host the community clean-up.
D.Environmental protection needs support from the government.
7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Time to Begin a New Life
B.How to Build a United City
C.Highways Are Back to Normal
D.A Cleaner Neighborhood Was Created
C
Most of our everyday plastic items end up in landfill, left to rot away for many years. But some of them were blown away, spoiling the countryside, causing damage to the natural environment and harming wildlife. The problem is most severe in the ocean. Research has found a deserted island in the South Pacific is littered with the highest density (密度) of plastic waste anywhere in the world.
The study described how remote islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish. They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including toothbrushes, cigarette lighters and razors—things that we throw away. Dr Jennifer Lavers from the University of Tasmania says, “Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean are now being impacted one way or another by our waste.”
This highlights the potentially deadly effect of our disposable (用后即丢弃的) culture. When we throw something away, it doesn't just disappear—it goes somewhere and because of the nature of plastic, it takes a long time to rot away and stays there, causing great damage to the ocean's ecology(生态). And worse still, plastic is broken down into tiny particles over a long period by the wind and the waves, and then sea creatures at the bottom of the food chain swallow them. These creatures are eaten by the fish that we eventually consume.
The solution to this problem would be to use less plastic. Several countries now charge for using plastic carrier bags, which reduces the usage, and some products now use natural and recyclable materials.
8.What does the author really want to tell us in the first paragraph
A.It is a good idea to let plastic items end up in landfill.
B.Plastic items blow away easily in the strong wind.
C.It is a bad habit to throw away plastics everywhere.
D.Plastic pollution in the ocean is a most serious issue.
9.What does the author mean by saying the islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish
A.The islands begin to sink with much rubbish on them.
B.The islands have become gathering places for rubbish.
C.The islands are ideal places to hide the plastic products.
D.The islands are inaccessible due to the white pollution.
10.What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.The impact on sea species.
B.Thrown-away rubbish.
C.The nature of plastic.
D.The ocean's ecology.
11.What's the really frightening fact about the plastic pollution in the ocean
A.Breaking the balance of the ocean's ecology.
B.Causing many sea creatures to die out.
C.Presenting potential risks to our health.
D.Cutting off the food chain of sea creatures.
D
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources(来源)for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers.
As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
12.What is the text mainly about
A.Wildlife research in the United States.
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
13.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 mean
A.Tested. B.Separated.
C.Forced out. D.Tracked down.
14.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about
A.Damage to local ecology.
B.A decline in the park's income.
C.Preservation of vegetation.
D.An increase in the variety of animals.
15.What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Disapproving. D.Uncaring.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Reduce Plastic Waste
Plastic has been found virtually in everything these days. Your food is packaged in it. Your car, phone and computer are made from it. 16 . While most plastics are advertised as recyclable, the reality is that they're “downcycled”.
Luckily, there are simple steps you can take to dramatically decrease the amount of plastic waste you produce.
17
One of the easiest ways to keep plastic out of the landfill is to refuse plastic straws. Simply inform your waiter or waitress that you don't need one, and be sure to state this clearly when ordering at a drive-through. Can't stand giving up the convenience of plastic straws 18 . Restaurant workers will be less likely to bring you a plastic one if they see that you've brought your own.
Use reusable bags
About one million plastic bags are used every minute. A single plastic bag can take 1,000 years to degrade(降解). If you're already bringing reusable bags to the grocery store, you're on the right track. Purchase some reusable bags and help keep even more plastic out of the landfill. However, you should avoid those bags made from nylon or polyester(聚酯纤维). 19 .
Use matches
20 , if you need to light a candle, build a campfire or start a fire for any other reason. These cheap plastic devices can sit in landfills for years and have been even found in dead birds' stomachs. If you can't bear to part with your lighter, pick up a refillable metal one to help cut down on waste.
A.Say no to plastic straws
B.Choose cotton ones instead
C.Don't use plastic containers
D.Choose matches instead of plastic lighters
E.Most restaurants will have no problem with it
F.And you might even chew it daily in the form of gum
G.Purchase a reusable stainless steel or glass drinking straw
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a weekday evening, Jane was at home as usual.She received an urgent 21 from her sister “Act over here! Turn on the TV and check these guys out. They are just like you.” One facebook message and a phone interview later, Jane 22 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the extreme desert heat of Utah, picking up rubbish.
With a deep 23 for the environment and a desire to make a 24 , Jane, Dave, and a group of people 25 themselves “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up.As they walked, sometimes only 26 0.9 miles in an entire day, they slowly 27 their way across the United States, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash in three years.
During an interview, Jane and Dave 28 with us wonderful stories of hope that inspired them to 29 their journey. After spending weeks silently 30 how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break, Jane found an envelope 31 with $850 in cash in the desert, just enough to get her home and back. After their bus 32 outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just 33 a mission to clean up trash all over the park.
Jane and Dave are like so many uncelebrated(默默无闻的) heroes in our community.Their commitment to working in meaningful, small ways reflects their 34 for real change.What they have done is a reminder that we can all make 35 .
21.A.visit B.action
C.advocate D.call
22.A.found B.detected
C.persuaded D.integrated
23.A.preference B.appetite
C.sympathy D.fear
24.A.plan B.promise
C.route D.difference
25.A.naming B.correcting
C.displaying D.discovering
26.A.measuring B.covering
C.wandering D.fixing
27.A.made B.got
C.helped D.pedalled
28.A.heard B.read
C.wrote D.shared
29.A.call on B.carry on
C.work on D.rely on
30.A.learning B.complaining
C.worrying D.talking
31.A.filled B.supplied
C.labeled D.equipped
32.A.set off B.speeded up
C.pulled up D.broke down
33.A.in touch with B.in time for
C.in the face of D.in return for
34.A.theory B.answer
C.action D.desire
35.A.choices B.advantages
C.contributions D.gifts
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Canada's national parks are established 36 (protect) and present outstanding representative examples of natural landscapes. These wild places, 37 (locate) in every province and territory, range 38 mountains and plains to forests and lakes. National parks protect the habitats, wildlife and ecosystem 39 (diverse) representative of the natural regions.
Parks Canada is 40 (responsibility) for both protecting the ecosystems of these great natural areas and 41 (manage) them for visitors to understand and enjoy in a way 42 doesn't compromise their integrity (完整). Parks Canada is working to maintain or restore the ecological integrity of national parks. Maintaining or restoring ecological integrity 43 (be) a challenging task that involves 44 good understanding of the nature of ecosystems and the stresses they face. 45 (addition), it requires cooperation among people whose actions influence the ecosystems.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华。你所在班级的交换生 Peter 正在进行垃圾分类的研究。他来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况,请给Peter写一封邮件,告诉他相关信息,邮件内容包括:
1.写邮件的目的;
2.垃圾分类的实施情况;
3.你对垃圾分类的看法。
注意:词数80左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One cloudy afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods before she realized that she was lost.
The woods are remnants(残余部分) of a huge forest which once covered the whole area, which was designated an area of outstanding natural beauty.
Sitting on a rock and wondering what to do, she began crying. A slight breeze was stirring the branches. The flowers were gently swaying(摇晃) in the breeze. It was quiet around her and she listened to the nice chirping(吱喳叫) of insects, which was waving and faint. After a while, she decided to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes.
When it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. Above the cottage the fir trees gently swayed and rustled in the breeze.
She opened the door and cautiously stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out of the door and back to the woods. She was seized with panic.
She had wandered about long enough to feel too tired to wander any farther. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a stream.
The girl's parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy sensed that his mistress(女主人)was in danger. He jumped through a window, breaking the glass. He searched in the fields, but he couldn't find his mistress anywhere.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
However,from the ground came a familiar scent(气味) as he lowered his head.
Paragraph 2:
When she opened her eyes, she saw her dog standing beside her.
答案全解全析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.D
8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.A
15.B 16.F 17.A 18.G 19.B 20.D 21.D
22.A 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.D
29.B 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.B 34.D 35.C
36.to protect 37.located 38.from 39.diversity 40.responsible 41.managing 42.that/which 43.is 44.a 45.Additionally
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲的四个不同寻常的旅游胜地。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“此外,你还可以在东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者,并与熊一起工作,从而让你不同寻常的假期体验更进一步。”可知,作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚帮忙照顾熊。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句“为了一个与众不同的欧洲假期,在你旅行时参加一个总部位于巴塞罗那的塑料清理项目,帮助处理地中海的塑料垃圾,并帮助保护环境。”可知,游客在西班牙旅行时可以帮助保护环境。故选A。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“托斯卡纳是欧洲可以骑马探索的最佳地点之一,见证了游客数量急剧增加。”可知,托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一场大规模的社区清理活动以及人们的思考。
4.C 推理判断题。第二段讲到,在此次活动中,志愿者们共提供了300小时的志愿服务,共计7,407美元的志愿劳动,收集了近4,000磅垃圾,由此推知,第二段的数据主要告诉我们这次活动的成绩。故选C。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第四段罗德尼·伊顿的话可知,我们需要帮助改变与垃圾有关的观念模式和文化,我们需要提醒人们把垃圾装进袋子、绑好、更负责任。由此判断罗德尼·伊顿建议呼吁人们保持社区清洁。故选D。
6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,这是即将发生的许多清理活动中的第一个。所以今后将组织更多的清理活动。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据文章结构可知,
文章介绍了一个社区通过志愿者清理活动变得更加干净,其中关键词是“清理”“志愿者”,带来的结果是“更干净的社区”。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。一项研究发现南太平洋的一座荒岛是世界上塑料垃圾密度最高的地方,海洋塑料污染是一个严重的问题,而解决海洋塑料污染的办法是使用更少的塑料。
8.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The problem is most severe in the ocean.”可知,第一段讲述了海洋塑料污染是一个非常严重的问题。下面的段落围绕该话题展开。故选D。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including...”可知,作者说这些岛屿作为世界垃圾的“渗坑”是指这些岛屿已经成为垃圾聚集的地方。
10.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean...another by our waste.”和第三段中“This highlights the potentially deadly effect of our disposable (用后即丢弃的) culture.”可知,代词This指的是“对海洋物种的影响”。
11.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“And worse still, plastic is broken down...eventually consume.”可知,塑料被分解为小颗粒→食物链底层的海洋生物吃掉小颗粒→鱼吃掉这些食物链底层的生物→我们最终吃掉鱼,结合第三段中的worse still可知,关于海洋塑料污染,真正可怕的事实是其对我们的健康有潜在的威胁。
D
◎语篇解读 文章讲述的是,经过多年的激烈争论之后,灰狼又回到了黄石国家公园。
12.D 主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句为文章的主题句,文章围绕其展开,讲述的就是黄石国家公园再次引入灰狼这件事,故答案选D。
13.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,答案选C。灰狼曾经在黄石地区随处可见,可后来由于人类的发展,该种群被渐渐驱离这里。
14.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可以推断灰狼的消失对生态造成了破坏。
15.B 推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句话中的a valuable experiment可知,作者觉得这个项目很有价值,说明作者的态度是积极的。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章就如何减少塑料垃圾给出了几条建议。
16.F 设空处上文提到如今,塑料无处不在,你的食物是用它包装的,你的汽车、电话、电脑都是由它制成的,F项“你甚至可能每天以口香糖的形式咀嚼它”也是说明塑料无处不在的例子。故选F。
17.A 根据文章结构可知,此处为该段的小标题。由全段内容可知,这里讲的是塑料吸管(plastic straws)的问题。故答案为A。
18.G 设空处上一句提到“忍受不了放弃塑料吸管带来的便利吗 ”,设空处下一句提到“如果餐厅工作人员看到你带了自己的(吸管),他们就不太可能会给你一根塑料吸管”。G项“购买可重复使用的不锈钢或玻璃吸管”符合上下文语境。故选G。
19.B 设空处所在段的小标题表示“使用能重复使用的袋子”,设空处上句是说不要使用尼龙或聚酯纤维材质的袋子,B项“而是选择棉质的袋子”符合语境。故选B。
20.D 设空处所在段的小标题表示“使用火柴”,设空处后面的从句提到“如果你需要点一支蜡烛,生一堆篝火,或者出于其他任何原因生一堆火”,D项“选择火柴而不是塑料打火机”符合语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。为提高人们对环境污染和气候变化的认识,简和戴夫等人花了三年时间共捡了201,678磅垃圾,他们的做法提醒我们,我们都可以用自己的方式为环境做出贡献。
21.D 由设空处后文内容可知,作者的妹妹说“过来!打开电视,看看这些家伙。他们和你一样。”结合下文提到作者为环保所做的事,显然此处表示妹妹看到电视上的这些人以及其做法好像与姐姐一样时,就“喊”姐姐抓紧去看电视。故选D。
22.A 简看到自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公共汽车上,在犹他州极度炎热的沙漠中捡垃圾。上文提到妹妹所说的“像……”,提醒此处简“发现”电视上的人是自己。故选A。
23.A 空格后的“for the environment and a desire to make a...”以及上下文描述的简等人的所作所为说明他们对环境深切喜爱。故选A。
24.D 根据下文中的“went on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up”可知,简、戴夫等人怀着对环境的深切热爱和对改变现状的渴望,来到了一个又一个海岸捡路边的垃圾。所以这里指他们希望起到作用(make a difference)。故选D。
25.A 此处表示简、戴夫和一群自称“环保拾荒者”的人。故选A。
26.B 根据空格后的“0.9 miles”可知,这里指他们有时一整天只走0.9英里。故选B。
27.A 根据句意可知,有时他们一天只走0.9英里的路程。三年里,他们慢慢地穿越了美国,总共捡了201,678磅垃圾。根据关键信息“0.9英里”“穿越”可知,此处为“前行”。make one's way“前进”。故选A。
28.D 结合下文提到的捡垃圾行程中发生的故事可知,在一次采访中,简和戴夫给我们分享的就是途中所发生的这些关于希望的精彩故事,所以此处为“分享”。故选D。
29.B 根据上文提到的“they slowly 27 their way across the United States...in three years”以及空格前的“wonderful stories of hope that inspired”等信息可知,三年中他们做了这么多,显然此处表示他们没有中断旅程,而是这些故事激励他们继续他们的旅程。故选B。
30.C 根据下文“how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break”可知,简一直在默默担心自己是否有足够的钱飞回家过春假。故选C。
31.A 根据“envelope”以及“with $850 in cash in the desert”可知,后来她在沙漠中发现了一个装有850美元现金的信封。故选A。
32.D 根据下文“they unexpectedly got help”可知,他们乘坐的巴士在丹佛郊外出了故障。故选D。
33.B 上文提到故事很棒,激励着他们继续他们的旅程,所以这里指在他们得到意想不到的帮助后,在三周后到达了约塞米蒂国家公园,此处描述“刚好及时”赶上了清理公园里所有垃圾的任务。故选B。
34.D 根据上文他们保护环境的具体行动可知,他们以微小而有意义的方式工作反映了他们对真正改变的渴望。故选D。
35.C 上文的“What they have done”指的是他们走遍美国,用三年时间收集垃圾的行为。所以这对于我们来说是个提醒,提醒我们都能做出贡献。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大国家公园的建立是为了保护和展示自然景观。这些天然的地方分布在每个省和地区,从山脉和平原到森林和湖泊。国家公园保护代表自然区域的栖息地、野生动物和生态系统的多样性。
36.to protect 考查动词不定式。根据语境可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。
37.located 考查过去分词。句意:这些天然的地方分布在每个省和地区,从山脉和平原到森林和湖泊。be located in...位于……。故填located。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语。
38.from 考查介词。range from...to...包括从……到……之间的各类事物。故填from。
39.diversity 考查名词。句意:国家公园保护代表自然区域的栖息地、野生动物和生态系统的多样性。and连接三个并列的成分(habitats、wildlife和ecosystem 39 )。故应用名词diversity。
40.responsible 考查形容词。句意:加拿大公园管理局既负责保护这些伟大的自然地区的生态系统,又负责管理它们,让游客在不损害它们完整性的情况下了解和享受它们。be responsible for...对……负责。故填responsible。
41.managing 考查动名词。both...and...连接两个并列的成分,设空处和protecting并列,作for的宾语。故填managing。
42.that/which 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词way,“ 42 doesn't compromise their integrity”中缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,故用关系代词that或which。
43.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:维持或恢复生态完整性是一项具有挑战性的任务,它需要对生态系统的性质及其面临的压力有很好的理解。分析句子成分可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,根据上下文语境可知此处应用一般现在时,由 or连接两个并列的成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。故填is。
44.a 考查冠词。a good understanding of...对……很好的理解,此处表示泛指,且good以辅音音素开头。故填a。
45.Additionally 考查副词。句意:此外,它需要人们之间的合作,他们的行为会影响生态系统。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填Additionally。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to hear from you. I'm more than happy to share something about garbage sorting in our community.
Living in a nice environment is our common goal. So garbage sorting has been practised in our community. We put wastes into relevant rubbish bins painted in different colors. To be specific, throw harmful wastes such as waste batteries into the red rubbish bin. The blue one is for waste paper and bottles. We throw kitchen rubbish into the green one. Thanks to the effort, our community has been getting cleaner and fresher.
However, garbage sorting in some communities is not as good as expected. To solve the problem, we should strengthen the public's awareness and sense of responsibility for environmental protection. Besides, it is urgent that relevant laws should be introduced.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
However, from the ground came a familiar scent(气味) as he lowered his head. He followed the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking loudly into the air, the dog searched through the woods until he found the house. But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his satisfaction, he saw his mistress's blue shirt in the distance. He flew over some bushes and saw the little stream, by which the girl was asleep.
Paragraph 2:
When she opened her eyes,she saw her dog standing beside her. The girl said surprisedly, “You disturbed me, Laddy.” And she kissed him several times. Laddy together with the little girl went home happily. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of relief. That night Laddy had a hero's supper, a huge meal of steak. The parents thanked Laddy very much. It was the brave dog that had saved their lovely little daughter.
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2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Today's modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval (中世纪的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe's top skiing destinations. If you're looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there You'll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort (旅游胜地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic clean-up project based in Barcelona, help to dispose of plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in the Renaissance villas(文艺复兴风格的别墅) and farmhouses. You don't need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
1.What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania
A.Finding a job in the castle.
B.Helping to care for bears.
C.Reading the novel Dracula.
D.Visiting its modern buildings.
2.Where can you help to protect the environment while traveling
A.In Spain.
B.In Tuscany.
C.In Transylvania.
D.In Austria.
3.What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany
A.They suit experienced riders.
B.They are unique to Tuscany.
C.They are growing in popularity.
D.They feature a typical guided tour.
B
On March 20, Keep Alamogordo Beautiful, the Alamogordo Chamber of Commerce and NMDOT District 2 hosted a large-scale community clean-up, drawing around 150 volunteers.
The clean-up spanned the Charlie Lee Memorial Relief Route that runs the length of the City of Alamogordo. The event saw the volunteers provided a total of 300 volunteer hours, which totals $7,407 in volunteer labor. Nearly 4,000 pounds of garbage, equating to 450 bags of garbage, were collected.
Thriving(蓬勃发展)in southern New Mexico, Boys and Girls Clubs of Otero County, the Rotary Club of White Sands, Pioneer Bank, Tularosa Communications, Zuni Electric, Inc., and Holloman Air Force Base all provided volunteers.
“Being a local business owner who was born and raised here, I've seen the growing need for garbage removal along our byways. We live in a great community, but we need to help change the mindsets and culture surrounding garbage. We need to remind folks to bag their garbage, tie it down, and be more responsible,” said Rodney Eaton, president of Zuni Electric, Inc.
“It is our job as community members to limit the lasting footprint we each leave on our community's environment,” says Josh Sides, coordinator of the Keep Alamogordo Beautiful program. “The community clean-up was a much-needed injection(注入) of inspiration to the heart of volunteerism here in Alamogordo. It is important that we all do our part to make Alamogordo a clean, green, and more beautiful place. I cannot thank the Alamogordo community enough for the massive show of support exhibited on Saturday during the community clean-up. This is the first of many to come.”
“The volunteers take much pride in keeping Alamogordo looking beautiful,” said District Two Maintenance's engineer Francesco Sanchez. “During these challenging times as we all try to maintain our highway assets (资产) with fewer funds, we rely on volunteers to help us keep our roads clean and beautiful.”
4.What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A.The expense of the event.
B.The pride of the volunteers.
C.The achievement of the event.
D.The severe pollution of the world.
5.What did Rodney Eaton suggest
A.Improving local business.
B.Preventing using garbage bags.
C.Building a much friendlier community.
D.Calling on people to keep the community clean.
6.What can we learn from Josh Sides
A.More clean-up activities will be organized in the future.
B.This is the first voluntary activity he took part in.
C.Alamogordo is the first city to host the community clean-up.
D.Environmental protection needs support from the government.
7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Time to Begin a New Life
B.How to Build a United City
C.Highways Are Back to Normal
D.A Cleaner Neighborhood Was Created
C
Most of our everyday plastic items end up in landfill, left to rot away for many years. But some of them were blown away, spoiling the countryside, causing damage to the natural environment and harming wildlife. The problem is most severe in the ocean. Research has found a deserted island in the South Pacific is littered with the highest density (密度) of plastic waste anywhere in the world.
The study described how remote islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish. They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including toothbrushes, cigarette lighters and razors—things that we throw away. Dr Jennifer Lavers from the University of Tasmania says, “Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean are now being impacted one way or another by our waste.”
This highlights the potentially deadly effect of our disposable (用后即丢弃的) culture. When we throw something away, it doesn't just disappear—it goes somewhere and because of the nature of plastic, it takes a long time to rot away and stays there, causing great damage to the ocean's ecology(生态). And worse still, plastic is broken down into tiny particles over a long period by the wind and the waves, and then sea creatures at the bottom of the food chain swallow them. These creatures are eaten by the fish that we eventually consume.
The solution to this problem would be to use less plastic. Several countries now charge for using plastic carrier bags, which reduces the usage, and some products now use natural and recyclable materials.
8.What does the author really want to tell us in the first paragraph
A.It is a good idea to let plastic items end up in landfill.
B.Plastic items blow away easily in the strong wind.
C.It is a bad habit to throw away plastics everywhere.
D.Plastic pollution in the ocean is a most serious issue.
9.What does the author mean by saying the islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish
A.The islands begin to sink with much rubbish on them.
B.The islands have become gathering places for rubbish.
C.The islands are ideal places to hide the plastic products.
D.The islands are inaccessible due to the white pollution.
10.What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.The impact on sea species.
B.Thrown-away rubbish.
C.The nature of plastic.
D.The ocean's ecology.
11.What's the really frightening fact about the plastic pollution in the ocean
A.Breaking the balance of the ocean's ecology.
B.Causing many sea creatures to die out.
C.Presenting potential risks to our health.
D.Cutting off the food chain of sea creatures.
D
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources(来源)for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers.
As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
12.What is the text mainly about
A.Wildlife research in the United States.
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
13.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 mean
A.Tested. B.Separated.
C.Forced out. D.Tracked down.
14.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about
A.Damage to local ecology.
B.A decline in the park's income.
C.Preservation of vegetation.
D.An increase in the variety of animals.
15.What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Disapproving. D.Uncaring.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Reduce Plastic Waste
Plastic has been found virtually in everything these days. Your food is packaged in it. Your car, phone and computer are made from it. 16 . While most plastics are advertised as recyclable, the reality is that they're “downcycled”.
Luckily, there are simple steps you can take to dramatically decrease the amount of plastic waste you produce.
17
One of the easiest ways to keep plastic out of the landfill is to refuse plastic straws. Simply inform your waiter or waitress that you don't need one, and be sure to state this clearly when ordering at a drive-through. Can't stand giving up the convenience of plastic straws 18 . Restaurant workers will be less likely to bring you a plastic one if they see that you've brought your own.
Use reusable bags
About one million plastic bags are used every minute. A single plastic bag can take 1,000 years to degrade(降解). If you're already bringing reusable bags to the grocery store, you're on the right track. Purchase some reusable bags and help keep even more plastic out of the landfill. However, you should avoid those bags made from nylon or polyester(聚酯纤维). 19 .
Use matches
20 , if you need to light a candle, build a campfire or start a fire for any other reason. These cheap plastic devices can sit in landfills for years and have been even found in dead birds' stomachs. If you can't bear to part with your lighter, pick up a refillable metal one to help cut down on waste.
A.Say no to plastic straws
B.Choose cotton ones instead
C.Don't use plastic containers
D.Choose matches instead of plastic lighters
E.Most restaurants will have no problem with it
F.And you might even chew it daily in the form of gum
G.Purchase a reusable stainless steel or glass drinking straw
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a weekday evening, Jane was at home as usual.She received an urgent 21 from her sister “Act over here! Turn on the TV and check these guys out. They are just like you.” One facebook message and a phone interview later, Jane 22 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the extreme desert heat of Utah, picking up rubbish.
With a deep 23 for the environment and a desire to make a 24 , Jane, Dave, and a group of people 25 themselves “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up.As they walked, sometimes only 26 0.9 miles in an entire day, they slowly 27 their way across the United States, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash in three years.
During an interview, Jane and Dave 28 with us wonderful stories of hope that inspired them to 29 their journey. After spending weeks silently 30 how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break, Jane found an envelope 31 with $850 in cash in the desert, just enough to get her home and back. After their bus 32 outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just 33 a mission to clean up trash all over the park.
Jane and Dave are like so many uncelebrated(默默无闻的) heroes in our community.Their commitment to working in meaningful, small ways reflects their 34 for real change.What they have done is a reminder that we can all make 35 .
21.A.visit B.action
C.advocate D.call
22.A.found B.detected
C.persuaded D.integrated
23.A.preference B.appetite
C.sympathy D.fear
24.A.plan B.promise
C.route D.difference
25.A.naming B.correcting
C.displaying D.discovering
26.A.measuring B.covering
C.wandering D.fixing
27.A.made B.got
C.helped D.pedalled
28.A.heard B.read
C.wrote D.shared
29.A.call on B.carry on
C.work on D.rely on
30.A.learning B.complaining
C.worrying D.talking
31.A.filled B.supplied
C.labeled D.equipped
32.A.set off B.speeded up
C.pulled up D.broke down
33.A.in touch with B.in time for
C.in the face of D.in return for
34.A.theory B.answer
C.action D.desire
35.A.choices B.advantages
C.contributions D.gifts
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Canada's national parks are established 36 (protect) and present outstanding representative examples of natural landscapes. These wild places, 37 (locate) in every province and territory, range 38 mountains and plains to forests and lakes. National parks protect the habitats, wildlife and ecosystem 39 (diverse) representative of the natural regions.
Parks Canada is 40 (responsibility) for both protecting the ecosystems of these great natural areas and 41 (manage) them for visitors to understand and enjoy in a way 42 doesn't compromise their integrity (完整). Parks Canada is working to maintain or restore the ecological integrity of national parks. Maintaining or restoring ecological integrity 43 (be) a challenging task that involves 44 good understanding of the nature of ecosystems and the stresses they face. 45 (addition), it requires cooperation among people whose actions influence the ecosystems.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华。你所在班级的交换生 Peter 正在进行垃圾分类的研究。他来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况,请给Peter写一封邮件,告诉他相关信息,邮件内容包括:
1.写邮件的目的;
2.垃圾分类的实施情况;
3.你对垃圾分类的看法。
注意:词数80左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One cloudy afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods before she realized that she was lost.
The woods are remnants(残余部分) of a huge forest which once covered the whole area, which was designated an area of outstanding natural beauty.
Sitting on a rock and wondering what to do, she began crying. A slight breeze was stirring the branches. The flowers were gently swaying(摇晃) in the breeze. It was quiet around her and she listened to the nice chirping(吱喳叫) of insects, which was waving and faint. After a while, she decided to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes.
When it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. Above the cottage the fir trees gently swayed and rustled in the breeze.
She opened the door and cautiously stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out of the door and back to the woods. She was seized with panic.
She had wandered about long enough to feel too tired to wander any farther. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a stream.
The girl's parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy sensed that his mistress(女主人)was in danger. He jumped through a window, breaking the glass. He searched in the fields, but he couldn't find his mistress anywhere.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
However,from the ground came a familiar scent(气味) as he lowered his head.
Paragraph 2:
When she opened her eyes, she saw her dog standing beside her.
答案全解全析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.D
8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.A
15.B 16.F 17.A 18.G 19.B 20.D 21.D
22.A 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.D
29.B 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.B 34.D 35.C
36.to protect 37.located 38.from 39.diversity 40.responsible 41.managing 42.that/which 43.is 44.a 45.Additionally
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲的四个不同寻常的旅游胜地。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“此外,你还可以在东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者,并与熊一起工作,从而让你不同寻常的假期体验更进一步。”可知,作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚帮忙照顾熊。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句“为了一个与众不同的欧洲假期,在你旅行时参加一个总部位于巴塞罗那的塑料清理项目,帮助处理地中海的塑料垃圾,并帮助保护环境。”可知,游客在西班牙旅行时可以帮助保护环境。故选A。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“托斯卡纳是欧洲可以骑马探索的最佳地点之一,见证了游客数量急剧增加。”可知,托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C。
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一场大规模的社区清理活动以及人们的思考。
4.C 推理判断题。第二段讲到,在此次活动中,志愿者们共提供了300小时的志愿服务,共计7,407美元的志愿劳动,收集了近4,000磅垃圾,由此推知,第二段的数据主要告诉我们这次活动的成绩。故选C。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第四段罗德尼·伊顿的话可知,我们需要帮助改变与垃圾有关的观念模式和文化,我们需要提醒人们把垃圾装进袋子、绑好、更负责任。由此判断罗德尼·伊顿建议呼吁人们保持社区清洁。故选D。
6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,这是即将发生的许多清理活动中的第一个。所以今后将组织更多的清理活动。故选A。
7.D 主旨大意题。根据文章结构可知,
文章介绍了一个社区通过志愿者清理活动变得更加干净,其中关键词是“清理”“志愿者”,带来的结果是“更干净的社区”。故选D。
C
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。一项研究发现南太平洋的一座荒岛是世界上塑料垃圾密度最高的地方,海洋塑料污染是一个严重的问题,而解决海洋塑料污染的办法是使用更少的塑料。
8.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The problem is most severe in the ocean.”可知,第一段讲述了海洋塑料污染是一个非常严重的问题。下面的段落围绕该话题展开。故选D。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including...”可知,作者说这些岛屿作为世界垃圾的“渗坑”是指这些岛屿已经成为垃圾聚集的地方。
10.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean...another by our waste.”和第三段中“This highlights the potentially deadly effect of our disposable (用后即丢弃的) culture.”可知,代词This指的是“对海洋物种的影响”。
11.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“And worse still, plastic is broken down...eventually consume.”可知,塑料被分解为小颗粒→食物链底层的海洋生物吃掉小颗粒→鱼吃掉这些食物链底层的生物→我们最终吃掉鱼,结合第三段中的worse still可知,关于海洋塑料污染,真正可怕的事实是其对我们的健康有潜在的威胁。
D
◎语篇解读 文章讲述的是,经过多年的激烈争论之后,灰狼又回到了黄石国家公园。
12.D 主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句为文章的主题句,文章围绕其展开,讲述的就是黄石国家公园再次引入灰狼这件事,故答案选D。
13.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,答案选C。灰狼曾经在黄石地区随处可见,可后来由于人类的发展,该种群被渐渐驱离这里。
14.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可以推断灰狼的消失对生态造成了破坏。
15.B 推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句话中的a valuable experiment可知,作者觉得这个项目很有价值,说明作者的态度是积极的。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章就如何减少塑料垃圾给出了几条建议。
16.F 设空处上文提到如今,塑料无处不在,你的食物是用它包装的,你的汽车、电话、电脑都是由它制成的,F项“你甚至可能每天以口香糖的形式咀嚼它”也是说明塑料无处不在的例子。故选F。
17.A 根据文章结构可知,此处为该段的小标题。由全段内容可知,这里讲的是塑料吸管(plastic straws)的问题。故答案为A。
18.G 设空处上一句提到“忍受不了放弃塑料吸管带来的便利吗 ”,设空处下一句提到“如果餐厅工作人员看到你带了自己的(吸管),他们就不太可能会给你一根塑料吸管”。G项“购买可重复使用的不锈钢或玻璃吸管”符合上下文语境。故选G。
19.B 设空处所在段的小标题表示“使用能重复使用的袋子”,设空处上句是说不要使用尼龙或聚酯纤维材质的袋子,B项“而是选择棉质的袋子”符合语境。故选B。
20.D 设空处所在段的小标题表示“使用火柴”,设空处后面的从句提到“如果你需要点一支蜡烛,生一堆篝火,或者出于其他任何原因生一堆火”,D项“选择火柴而不是塑料打火机”符合语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。为提高人们对环境污染和气候变化的认识,简和戴夫等人花了三年时间共捡了201,678磅垃圾,他们的做法提醒我们,我们都可以用自己的方式为环境做出贡献。
21.D 由设空处后文内容可知,作者的妹妹说“过来!打开电视,看看这些家伙。他们和你一样。”结合下文提到作者为环保所做的事,显然此处表示妹妹看到电视上的这些人以及其做法好像与姐姐一样时,就“喊”姐姐抓紧去看电视。故选D。
22.A 简看到自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公共汽车上,在犹他州极度炎热的沙漠中捡垃圾。上文提到妹妹所说的“像……”,提醒此处简“发现”电视上的人是自己。故选A。
23.A 空格后的“for the environment and a desire to make a...”以及上下文描述的简等人的所作所为说明他们对环境深切喜爱。故选A。
24.D 根据下文中的“went on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up”可知,简、戴夫等人怀着对环境的深切热爱和对改变现状的渴望,来到了一个又一个海岸捡路边的垃圾。所以这里指他们希望起到作用(make a difference)。故选D。
25.A 此处表示简、戴夫和一群自称“环保拾荒者”的人。故选A。
26.B 根据空格后的“0.9 miles”可知,这里指他们有时一整天只走0.9英里。故选B。
27.A 根据句意可知,有时他们一天只走0.9英里的路程。三年里,他们慢慢地穿越了美国,总共捡了201,678磅垃圾。根据关键信息“0.9英里”“穿越”可知,此处为“前行”。make one's way“前进”。故选A。
28.D 结合下文提到的捡垃圾行程中发生的故事可知,在一次采访中,简和戴夫给我们分享的就是途中所发生的这些关于希望的精彩故事,所以此处为“分享”。故选D。
29.B 根据上文提到的“they slowly 27 their way across the United States...in three years”以及空格前的“wonderful stories of hope that inspired”等信息可知,三年中他们做了这么多,显然此处表示他们没有中断旅程,而是这些故事激励他们继续他们的旅程。故选B。
30.C 根据下文“how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break”可知,简一直在默默担心自己是否有足够的钱飞回家过春假。故选C。
31.A 根据“envelope”以及“with $850 in cash in the desert”可知,后来她在沙漠中发现了一个装有850美元现金的信封。故选A。
32.D 根据下文“they unexpectedly got help”可知,他们乘坐的巴士在丹佛郊外出了故障。故选D。
33.B 上文提到故事很棒,激励着他们继续他们的旅程,所以这里指在他们得到意想不到的帮助后,在三周后到达了约塞米蒂国家公园,此处描述“刚好及时”赶上了清理公园里所有垃圾的任务。故选B。
34.D 根据上文他们保护环境的具体行动可知,他们以微小而有意义的方式工作反映了他们对真正改变的渴望。故选D。
35.C 上文的“What they have done”指的是他们走遍美国,用三年时间收集垃圾的行为。所以这对于我们来说是个提醒,提醒我们都能做出贡献。故选C。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大国家公园的建立是为了保护和展示自然景观。这些天然的地方分布在每个省和地区,从山脉和平原到森林和湖泊。国家公园保护代表自然区域的栖息地、野生动物和生态系统的多样性。
36.to protect 考查动词不定式。根据语境可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。
37.located 考查过去分词。句意:这些天然的地方分布在每个省和地区,从山脉和平原到森林和湖泊。be located in...位于……。故填located。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语。
38.from 考查介词。range from...to...包括从……到……之间的各类事物。故填from。
39.diversity 考查名词。句意:国家公园保护代表自然区域的栖息地、野生动物和生态系统的多样性。and连接三个并列的成分(habitats、wildlife和ecosystem 39 )。故应用名词diversity。
40.responsible 考查形容词。句意:加拿大公园管理局既负责保护这些伟大的自然地区的生态系统,又负责管理它们,让游客在不损害它们完整性的情况下了解和享受它们。be responsible for...对……负责。故填responsible。
41.managing 考查动名词。both...and...连接两个并列的成分,设空处和protecting并列,作for的宾语。故填managing。
42.that/which 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,前面是名词way,“ 42 doesn't compromise their integrity”中缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,故用关系代词that或which。
43.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:维持或恢复生态完整性是一项具有挑战性的任务,它需要对生态系统的性质及其面临的压力有很好的理解。分析句子成分可知,设空处在主句中作谓语,根据上下文语境可知此处应用一般现在时,由 or连接两个并列的成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”。故填is。
44.a 考查冠词。a good understanding of...对……很好的理解,此处表示泛指,且good以辅音音素开头。故填a。
45.Additionally 考查副词。句意:此外,它需要人们之间的合作,他们的行为会影响生态系统。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填Additionally。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to hear from you. I'm more than happy to share something about garbage sorting in our community.
Living in a nice environment is our common goal. So garbage sorting has been practised in our community. We put wastes into relevant rubbish bins painted in different colors. To be specific, throw harmful wastes such as waste batteries into the red rubbish bin. The blue one is for waste paper and bottles. We throw kitchen rubbish into the green one. Thanks to the effort, our community has been getting cleaner and fresher.
However, garbage sorting in some communities is not as good as expected. To solve the problem, we should strengthen the public's awareness and sense of responsibility for environmental protection. Besides, it is urgent that relevant laws should be introduced.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
However, from the ground came a familiar scent(气味) as he lowered his head. He followed the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking loudly into the air, the dog searched through the woods until he found the house. But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his satisfaction, he saw his mistress's blue shirt in the distance. He flew over some bushes and saw the little stream, by which the girl was asleep.
Paragraph 2:
When she opened her eyes,she saw her dog standing beside her. The girl said surprisedly, “You disturbed me, Laddy.” And she kissed him several times. Laddy together with the little girl went home happily. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of relief. That night Laddy had a hero's supper, a huge meal of steak. The parents thanked Laddy very much. It was the brave dog that had saved their lovely little daughter.
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