2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 3 Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language（答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.根据语境猜测黑体单词的词义
1.We are warned not to run on the ice, which wouldn't sustain our weight anyhow.
2.He gave a comprehensive description of the places he had traveled to.
3.His comments are bound to add fuel to the debate.
4.Mr. Smith tried his best to use his kindness to reform this criminal.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
After the failure of the electricity supply the city was
chaos.
2.He spoke behalf of the teachers at the school opening ceremony.
3.The calligraphy club in our school tries to restrict the number of students 30.
4.As students, we should know how to create and maintain a
(harmony) dormitory life.
5.She is sensitive what people think of her. In other words, she is an unconfident person.
6.He submitted his proposal for urban development the development committee at the conference.
7.The Nobel Prize in Literature is usually awarded (annual) to an author who has produced the most outstanding work in an ideal direction in the field of literature.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
把下列直接引语改为间接引语
1.“Why are you stressed out today, Jack ” asked Nancy.
2.“Do you shave off your beard ” Liu Ping asked Bob.
3.The teacher said to him, “Be quick.”
4.She said, “I visited my dentist yesterday.”
5.He asked me, “How will Frank get to the party tomorrow ”
题型(二)
完成句子(用直接引语完成句子,并变为间接引语)
1.他问:“这些天你去哪里了 ”
“ ” he asked.
→He asked .
2.他对我说:“我在这家超市找到了含糖的牛奶。”
“ ,” he said to me.
→He told me .
3.他问我:“你下周去打篮球吗 ”
“ ” he asked me.
→He asked me .
4.他说:“我10年前买的房子。”
“ ,” he said.
→He said .
5.他问他妈妈:“你怎么找到它的 ”
He asked his mother, “ ”
→He asked his mother .
6.老师说:“地球绕着太阳转。”
“ ,” said the teacher.
→The teacher said that .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023广东惠州统考期末)
Indoor air pollution from cooking and cleaning is a growing concern. Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer.That finding led to the widespread notion worldwide that adding houseplants to rooms will lower levels of indoor air pollution, but later studies suggest that the effect is too small to make a difference in people's homes.
So, Stuart Strand at the University of Washington in Seattle decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos(绿萝) by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme(酶)that breaks down a wide range of pollutants. This approach boosted the effect several times. But even so, to make a meaningful difference, Strand concluded that a fan would be needed to move air over the plants.
Now, a start-up enterprise called Neoplants has created another GM pothos. It has two added genes from bacteria as well as extra copies of some of the plant's own genes. This enables it to break down certain harmful air pollutants, the company says.
Comprehensive tests done in cooperation with the University of Lille in France suggest that the plants are 30 times better at removing these air pollutants than the best plants tested by NASA, says Patrick Torbey of Neoplants. The firm released a paper last week describing its work, but hasn't submitted it to a scientific journal.
“This new paper looks pretty good,” says Strand. It isn't possible to directly compare the effectiveness of his GM pothos with that of Neoplants's one as different tests were done, he says.
It remains unclear whether Neoplants's pothos will make any difference in an actual home. But Torbey says the company is setting up a research facility near Paris that will include two “bedrooms” to test this.
1.What did the NASA study in 1989 find
A.Sealed rooms contained air pollutants.
B.Sealed rooms could be cleaned by plants.
C.Plants could lower the levels of pollutants.
D.Plants could cure cancer caused by pollutants.
2.How does Stuart Strand improve the golden pothos
A.By breaking down pollutants.
B.By moving the air over the plants.
C.By modifying the genes of the plants.
D.By using the power of golden pothos.
3.What can we know about GM pothos from Paragraph 4
A.Its satisfying effect.
B.Its practical application.
C.Expectations of future studies.
D.Limitations of copies of some plants' genes.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new approach to solving air problems
B.Houseplants improved to clean pollutants
C.Scientists testing plants to reduce pollution
D.Genetically modified versions of houseplants
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023山东济南莱芜一中期中)
What do you do with your clothes that you can't or don't want to wear anymore Through cutting,stitching and redesigning clothes, Baxter Salzwedel has found a 1 way to be environmentally friendly.
In March, 2022, recycling clothes 2 the 17-year-old from Lakeside High School a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition. The competition was hosted by Junior Achievement of Wisconsin, a nonprofit organization. He won a scholarship of $10,000 for his 3 clothing brand The Mad Patcher.
In the beginning, Baxter just worked with clothes for fun. He learned his 4 skills from his grandmother at a young age. He then started to 5 his old jeans to try and make cool new designs.
The fun hobby quickly turned into a kind of 6 for Baxter when his classmates started asking him to make customized clothing for them and they 7 for it. “I can't make so many clothes for free,” said Baxter.
In 2021, Baxter started his clothing 8 . He now uses colorful pieces from other clothes to 9 his patchwork (拼缝物) designs like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or 10 materials to ensure maximum sustainability.
Baxter has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes and he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations.
He was 12 as a finalist out of dozens of applicants across the US. The finalist needs to have successful business experiences, growth potential, a spirit of innovation and 13 involvement.
“It was amazing to do that and meet all sorts of young people with similar ideas,” Baxter said 14 . For Baxter, The Mad Patcher is a life-time 15 worth working on.
1.A.complicated B.traditional
C.fashionable D.casual
2.A.earned B.bought
C.left D.made
3.A.sustainable
B.affordable
C.unforgettable
D.recognizable
4.A.painting B.driving
C.cooking D.sewing
5.A.put down B.set down
C.tear up D.make up
6.A.business B.task
C.glory D.duty
7.A.worked B.paid
C.cheered D.clapped
8.A.course B.show
C.shop D.brand
9.A.find B.advertise
C.display D.create
10.A.plastic B.recycled
C.colorful D.artificial
11.A.returned B.submitted
C.donated D.lent
12.A.selected
B.regarded
C.described
D.interviewed
13.A.political B.social
C.academic D.scientific
14.A.calmly B.nervously
C.excitedly D.patiently
15.A.research B.test
C.assignment D.project
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022吉林辽源东丰五校期末联考)
Now a group of students at Glen Hills Middle School in Glendale, Wisconsin, are working to reduce their ecological footprint. 1 (lead) by science teachers Jennifer Clark and Chloe McClendon, the Green Team holds meetings every Tuesday and Thursday after school 2 (study) climate change and environmental pollution.
Glen Hills is 3 (national) recognized as a “Green Ribbon School”. To earn the recognition, a school must meet 4 (requirement)such as developing cost-effective energy, getting rid of 5 (harm) waste, and improving the health of students through various programs.
The Green Team now conducts their Tuesday and Thursday meetings online. At 6 meetings they come up with ideas and school activities 7 will teach fellow students and local people to protect the environment in fun ways.
“We volunteer in the community for river clean-up and compost (堆肥) efforts with Kompost Kids,” Clark says. The Green Team is invited to help sort and recycle waste with Kompost Kids, a local nonprofit organization run 8 volunteers.
Kompost Kids 9 (devote) to changing the way people deal with their waste. What can you do to help Kompost Kids and the Green Team suggest you compost organic waste. Recycling plastic, metal cans, newspapers, etc. 10 (be) another great way to help the environment. You can separate these items in bins when throwing them away.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2023广东东莞统考期末)
假如你是李华,你准备参加主题为“环境保护”的演讲比赛,请写一篇演讲稿。内容如下:
1.环境保护的意义;2.你的建议。
注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.承受住 句意:我们被警告不要在冰上跑步,不管怎样,冰承受不住我们的重量。
2.详尽的 句意:他对他旅行过的地方做了详尽的描述。
3.刺激性言行 句意:他的评论肯定会给这场辩论火上浇油。
4.使改正,使改过自新 句意:史密斯先生尽了他最大的努力用善良使这个罪犯改过自新。
Ⅱ.1.in 考查介词。句意:停电后,城市陷入混乱。in chaos意为“处于混乱之中”。故填in。
2.on 考查介词。 句意:他代表老师在开学典礼上发言。on behalf of意为“代表……”。故填on。
3.to 考查介词。句意:我们学校的书法俱乐部试图将学生人数限定为30人。restrict...to...意为“将……限定在……”。故填to。
4.harmonious 考查形容词。句意:作为学生,我们应该知道如何创造并维持一种和谐的宿舍生活。设空处作定语,修饰其后的dormitory life,应用形容词harmonious。
5.to/about 考查介词。句意:她对于别人对她的看法很敏感。换句话说,她是一个缺乏自信的人。be sensitive to/about...意为“对……神经过敏;易因……生气”。故填to或about。
6.to 考查介词。句意:在会上他向发展委员会提交了他的城市发展建议。 submit...to...意为“向……提交……”。故填to。
7.annually 考查副词。句意:诺贝尔文学奖通常每年颁发给在文学领域中创作出具有理想方向的最杰出的作品的作家。空格处作状语,故用副词形式,表示“每年”。故填annually。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.Nancy asked Jack why he was stressed out that day.
2.Liu Ping asked Bob if/whether he shaved off his beard.
3.The teacher told him to be quick. 4.She said that she had visited her dentist the day before/the previous day. 5.He asked me how Frank would get to the party the next day/the following day.
题型(二)
1.Where have you been these days;me where I had been those days 2.I've found the sugary milk in this supermarket;that he had found the sugary milk in that supermarket 3.Will you go to play basketball next week;if/whether I would go to play basketball the next week 4.I bought the house 10 years ago;that he had bought the house 10 years before 5.How did you find it;how she had found it 6.The earth goes around the sun;the earth goes around the sun
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“科学家认为室内植物具有降低污染物水平的能力”这一主题展开,由此对室内植物——绿萝,不断地进行改良,增强其清除空气污染物的能力。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌”可知植物可以降低污染物的水平,故选C。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Stuart Strand...decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme”可知,Stuart Strand通过增加一种兔子的肝酶基因来改良绿萝,即通过调整植物的基因来改良绿萝。故选C。
3.A 推理判断题。第四段中提到了转基因绿萝清除空气污染物的能力比美国国家航空航天局测试的最好的植物强30倍,这是在说转基因绿萝让人满意的清除空气污染物的效果。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文第一段主要提出了“室内植物有降低污染物水平的能力”这样一个观点,下文主要介绍了Stuart Strand和Neoplants公司通过调整植物的基因来提升其降低污染物水平的能力,所以B项“被改良以清洁污染物的室内植物”最适合作为本文标题,故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.concern n.担心;忧虑 2.make a difference有影响;起作用 3.break down使分解
4.approach n.方法;临近 5.boost v.使增长 6.conclude v.得出结论;推断出 7.in cooperation with...和……合作 8.compare...with...把……和……相比 9.modify v.调整;稍作修改
【差距词汇】 notion n.观念
长难句
原句 Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。句中found后的that引导宾语从句,put in sealed rooms为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰plants,some of which can cause cancer为“代词+介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词pollutants。
译文 早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的高中生Baxter通过对破旧衣物再设计的方法来践行环保理念,不仅开创了自己的服装品牌,还入围青年企业家大赛的故事。
1.C 根据前文“Through cutting, stitching and redesigning clothes”和后文“to be environmentally friendly”可知,对旧衣服进行剪裁、缝补和再设计以践行环保理念是一种很时尚的方法。故选C。 complicated复杂的; traditional传统的;fashionable时尚的;casual随便的。
2.A 根据后文“a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition”可知,他想出的旧衣再利用的方法为他赢得了青年企业家大赛的一个决赛席位。故选A。
3.A 根据前文“be environmentally friendly”可知,他的品牌是有利于可持续发展的。故选A。sustainable可持续的;affordable多数人支付得起的;unforgettable令人难忘的;recognizable容易认出的。
4.D 根据前文“worked with clothes”可知,他从小跟随祖母学习缝纫技艺。故选D。 sewing缝纫。
5.C 根据后文“his old jeans to try and make cool new designs”可知,他把自己的旧衣物撕破重新设计。故选C。 put down写下,镇压;set down写下,制定;tear up撕破;make up编造。
6.A 此题可以和第7题一起解出。我们可以先看第7题,根据后文“I can't make so many clothes for free”可知,同学们需要为衣服支付费用,而学生们让他做衣服并为此支付费用,这一爱好就变成了一种生意。故本题选A,第7题选B。
7.B 解析见上题。
8.D 根据前文“clothing brand The Mad Patcher”可知,他开创了自己的服装品牌。故选D。
9.D 根据后文“like jeans, shirts and jackets”可知,他利用零碎布料创作出新衣服。故选D。
10.B 根据后文“to ensure maximum sustainability”可知,他使用的是捐赠的或可循环使用的材料。故选B。plastic塑料的; recycled可循环使用的;colorful颜色鲜艳的; artificial人工的。
11.C 根据后文“some nonprofit environment conservation organizations”可知,他向一些非营利性环保机构捐钱。故选C。
12.A 根据后文“out of dozens of applicants across the US”可知,在很多申请人当中,他被选中进入决赛。故选A。 select选择;regard看待; describe描述;interview采访。
13.B 根据前文“he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations”可知,Baxter在盈利的同时,不忘回报社会,故可以推测决赛选手除了有成功的商业经历、成长潜力和创新精神外,还要有社会责任感(即社会参与)。故选B。
14.C 根据Baxter说的话可知,进入决赛,遇到那么多志同道合的人,他感到很激动。故选C。
15.D 根据前文可知,他创立了一个服装品牌,这是一个值得他一生从事的项目。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.competition n.比赛;竞赛 2.for free 免费地 3.conservation n.保护;保存 4.applicant n.申请者 5.potential n.潜力;可能性 6.innovation n.创新 7.involvement n.参与;加入
【熟词生义】 spot n.排名位置
【差距词汇】 1.stitch v.缝补 2.finalist n.参加决赛者
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。威斯康星州格伦代尔格伦山中学的一群学生正在努力减少他们的生态足迹。
1.Led 考查过去分词。本句谓语动词是holds,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,根据空格后的by可知这里应用过去分词,指“被……领导”。注意首字母大写。
2.to study 考查不定式。空格处表示举行会议的目的,用不定式作目的状语。
3.nationally 考查副词。空格处修饰谓语,所以用副词作状语。be nationally recognized as...表示“在全国范围内被公认为……”。
4.requirements 考查名词复数。空处需填名词作动词meet的宾语,结合空后的“such as developing...getting rid of...and improving...”可知,此处的要求不止一个,需用名词复数形式。
5.harmful 考查形容词。空格处修饰名词waste,需用形容词。harmful waste指“有害垃圾”。
6.the 考查冠词。句意:在会议上,他们提出教同学和当地人以有趣的方式保护环境的想法和学校活动。上文已经提到过meetings,此处的 “meetings”不是第一次出现,此处表示特指,需用定冠词the修饰。
7.that/which 考查关系代词。设空处无提示词,空前为名词activities,空后内容缺主语,故设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,先行词指物,故填that或which。
8.by 考查介词。由空前的“nonprofit organization(非营利组织)”可知这里指“被志愿者经营”,应用介词by,run by volunteers作后置定语。
9.is devoted 考查时态、语态以及主谓一致。本句主语为Kompost Kids,是一个组织,应看作单数。devote oneself to...为固定搭配,意为“某人致力于……”,根据这里的结构可以用被动语态。本段时态均为一般现在时,结合语境可知这里也应使用一般现在时,故填is devoted。
易错归因 本题易错填are devoted,原因在于主语Kompost Kids以-s结尾,学生易因此而盲目地断定其为复数意义,其实根据前面的“Kompost Kids, a local nonprofit organization”可知Kompost Kids是一个组织的名字,应看作单数。
10.is 考查时态以及主谓一致。句意:回收利用塑料、金属罐、报纸等是帮助环境的另外一种很好的方法。此处陈述一般情况,应使用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语“Recycling plastic, metal cans, newspapers, etc.”,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故填is。
【高频词汇】 1.reduce v.减少 2.recognize v.公认;认出;认识;承认;意识到 3.get rid of 摆脱;丢弃;扔掉 4.various adj.各种各样的;各种不同的 5.conduct v.组织;安排;实施;执行;引导 6.come up with想出;提出(计划、想法等)
Ⅳ.One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
Today, I'm very honored to deliver a speech whose topic is “Environmental Protection”.
As we all know, the global environment is getting worse and worse. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment. As students, we can do our part in environmental protection. We had better use less water and electricity. When we go out, we can take buses or ride bikes instead of taking taxis. Besides, we are supposed to use more recycled products and try our best to save paper.
Please take action right now! Thanks for your listening.
1.重点词汇
①deliver a speech发表演讲 ②do one's part in...在……中尽某人的本分 ③instead of 而不是 ④be supposed to do sth.应该做某事 ⑤take action采取行动
2.亮点句型
As we all know, the global environment is getting worse and worse. (As引导的非限制性定语从句)众所周知,全球环境正变得越来越差。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.根据语境猜测黑体单词的词义
1.We are warned not to run on the ice, which wouldn't sustain our weight anyhow.
2.He gave a comprehensive description of the places he had traveled to.
3.His comments are bound to add fuel to the debate.
4.Mr. Smith tried his best to use his kindness to reform this criminal.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
After the failure of the electricity supply the city was
chaos.
2.He spoke behalf of the teachers at the school opening ceremony.
3.The calligraphy club in our school tries to restrict the number of students 30.
4.As students, we should know how to create and maintain a
(harmony) dormitory life.
5.She is sensitive what people think of her. In other words, she is an unconfident person.
6.He submitted his proposal for urban development the development committee at the conference.
7.The Nobel Prize in Literature is usually awarded (annual) to an author who has produced the most outstanding work in an ideal direction in the field of literature.
Ⅲ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
把下列直接引语改为间接引语
1.“Why are you stressed out today, Jack ” asked Nancy.
2.“Do you shave off your beard ” Liu Ping asked Bob.
3.The teacher said to him, “Be quick.”
4.She said, “I visited my dentist yesterday.”
5.He asked me, “How will Frank get to the party tomorrow ”
题型(二)
完成句子(用直接引语完成句子,并变为间接引语)
1.他问:“这些天你去哪里了 ”
“ ” he asked.
→He asked .
2.他对我说:“我在这家超市找到了含糖的牛奶。”
“ ,” he said to me.
→He told me .
3.他问我:“你下周去打篮球吗 ”
“ ” he asked me.
→He asked me .
4.他说:“我10年前买的房子。”
“ ,” he said.
→He said .
5.他问他妈妈:“你怎么找到它的 ”
He asked his mother, “ ”
→He asked his mother .
6.老师说:“地球绕着太阳转。”
“ ,” said the teacher.
→The teacher said that .
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023广东惠州统考期末)
Indoor air pollution from cooking and cleaning is a growing concern. Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer.That finding led to the widespread notion worldwide that adding houseplants to rooms will lower levels of indoor air pollution, but later studies suggest that the effect is too small to make a difference in people's homes.
So, Stuart Strand at the University of Washington in Seattle decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos(绿萝) by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme(酶)that breaks down a wide range of pollutants. This approach boosted the effect several times. But even so, to make a meaningful difference, Strand concluded that a fan would be needed to move air over the plants.
Now, a start-up enterprise called Neoplants has created another GM pothos. It has two added genes from bacteria as well as extra copies of some of the plant's own genes. This enables it to break down certain harmful air pollutants, the company says.
Comprehensive tests done in cooperation with the University of Lille in France suggest that the plants are 30 times better at removing these air pollutants than the best plants tested by NASA, says Patrick Torbey of Neoplants. The firm released a paper last week describing its work, but hasn't submitted it to a scientific journal.
“This new paper looks pretty good,” says Strand. It isn't possible to directly compare the effectiveness of his GM pothos with that of Neoplants's one as different tests were done, he says.
It remains unclear whether Neoplants's pothos will make any difference in an actual home. But Torbey says the company is setting up a research facility near Paris that will include two “bedrooms” to test this.
1.What did the NASA study in 1989 find
A.Sealed rooms contained air pollutants.
B.Sealed rooms could be cleaned by plants.
C.Plants could lower the levels of pollutants.
D.Plants could cure cancer caused by pollutants.
2.How does Stuart Strand improve the golden pothos
A.By breaking down pollutants.
B.By moving the air over the plants.
C.By modifying the genes of the plants.
D.By using the power of golden pothos.
3.What can we know about GM pothos from Paragraph 4
A.Its satisfying effect.
B.Its practical application.
C.Expectations of future studies.
D.Limitations of copies of some plants' genes.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new approach to solving air problems
B.Houseplants improved to clean pollutants
C.Scientists testing plants to reduce pollution
D.Genetically modified versions of houseplants
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023山东济南莱芜一中期中)
What do you do with your clothes that you can't or don't want to wear anymore Through cutting,stitching and redesigning clothes, Baxter Salzwedel has found a 1 way to be environmentally friendly.
In March, 2022, recycling clothes 2 the 17-year-old from Lakeside High School a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition. The competition was hosted by Junior Achievement of Wisconsin, a nonprofit organization. He won a scholarship of $10,000 for his 3 clothing brand The Mad Patcher.
In the beginning, Baxter just worked with clothes for fun. He learned his 4 skills from his grandmother at a young age. He then started to 5 his old jeans to try and make cool new designs.
The fun hobby quickly turned into a kind of 6 for Baxter when his classmates started asking him to make customized clothing for them and they 7 for it. “I can't make so many clothes for free,” said Baxter.
In 2021, Baxter started his clothing 8 . He now uses colorful pieces from other clothes to 9 his patchwork (拼缝物) designs like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or 10 materials to ensure maximum sustainability.
Baxter has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes and he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations.
He was 12 as a finalist out of dozens of applicants across the US. The finalist needs to have successful business experiences, growth potential, a spirit of innovation and 13 involvement.
“It was amazing to do that and meet all sorts of young people with similar ideas,” Baxter said 14 . For Baxter, The Mad Patcher is a life-time 15 worth working on.
1.A.complicated B.traditional
C.fashionable D.casual
2.A.earned B.bought
C.left D.made
3.A.sustainable
B.affordable
C.unforgettable
D.recognizable
4.A.painting B.driving
C.cooking D.sewing
5.A.put down B.set down
C.tear up D.make up
6.A.business B.task
C.glory D.duty
7.A.worked B.paid
C.cheered D.clapped
8.A.course B.show
C.shop D.brand
9.A.find B.advertise
C.display D.create
10.A.plastic B.recycled
C.colorful D.artificial
11.A.returned B.submitted
C.donated D.lent
12.A.selected
B.regarded
C.described
D.interviewed
13.A.political B.social
C.academic D.scientific
14.A.calmly B.nervously
C.excitedly D.patiently
15.A.research B.test
C.assignment D.project
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022吉林辽源东丰五校期末联考)
Now a group of students at Glen Hills Middle School in Glendale, Wisconsin, are working to reduce their ecological footprint. 1 (lead) by science teachers Jennifer Clark and Chloe McClendon, the Green Team holds meetings every Tuesday and Thursday after school 2 (study) climate change and environmental pollution.
Glen Hills is 3 (national) recognized as a “Green Ribbon School”. To earn the recognition, a school must meet 4 (requirement)such as developing cost-effective energy, getting rid of 5 (harm) waste, and improving the health of students through various programs.
The Green Team now conducts their Tuesday and Thursday meetings online. At 6 meetings they come up with ideas and school activities 7 will teach fellow students and local people to protect the environment in fun ways.
“We volunteer in the community for river clean-up and compost (堆肥) efforts with Kompost Kids,” Clark says. The Green Team is invited to help sort and recycle waste with Kompost Kids, a local nonprofit organization run 8 volunteers.
Kompost Kids 9 (devote) to changing the way people deal with their waste. What can you do to help Kompost Kids and the Green Team suggest you compost organic waste. Recycling plastic, metal cans, newspapers, etc. 10 (be) another great way to help the environment. You can separate these items in bins when throwing them away.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2023广东东莞统考期末)
假如你是李华,你准备参加主题为“环境保护”的演讲比赛,请写一篇演讲稿。内容如下:
1.环境保护的意义;2.你的建议。
注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.承受住 句意:我们被警告不要在冰上跑步,不管怎样,冰承受不住我们的重量。
2.详尽的 句意:他对他旅行过的地方做了详尽的描述。
3.刺激性言行 句意:他的评论肯定会给这场辩论火上浇油。
4.使改正,使改过自新 句意:史密斯先生尽了他最大的努力用善良使这个罪犯改过自新。
Ⅱ.1.in 考查介词。句意:停电后,城市陷入混乱。in chaos意为“处于混乱之中”。故填in。
2.on 考查介词。 句意:他代表老师在开学典礼上发言。on behalf of意为“代表……”。故填on。
3.to 考查介词。句意:我们学校的书法俱乐部试图将学生人数限定为30人。restrict...to...意为“将……限定在……”。故填to。
4.harmonious 考查形容词。句意:作为学生,我们应该知道如何创造并维持一种和谐的宿舍生活。设空处作定语,修饰其后的dormitory life,应用形容词harmonious。
5.to/about 考查介词。句意:她对于别人对她的看法很敏感。换句话说,她是一个缺乏自信的人。be sensitive to/about...意为“对……神经过敏;易因……生气”。故填to或about。
6.to 考查介词。句意:在会上他向发展委员会提交了他的城市发展建议。 submit...to...意为“向……提交……”。故填to。
7.annually 考查副词。句意:诺贝尔文学奖通常每年颁发给在文学领域中创作出具有理想方向的最杰出的作品的作家。空格处作状语,故用副词形式,表示“每年”。故填annually。
Ⅲ.题型(一)
1.Nancy asked Jack why he was stressed out that day.
2.Liu Ping asked Bob if/whether he shaved off his beard.
3.The teacher told him to be quick. 4.She said that she had visited her dentist the day before/the previous day. 5.He asked me how Frank would get to the party the next day/the following day.
题型(二)
1.Where have you been these days;me where I had been those days 2.I've found the sugary milk in this supermarket;that he had found the sugary milk in that supermarket 3.Will you go to play basketball next week;if/whether I would go to play basketball the next week 4.I bought the house 10 years ago;that he had bought the house 10 years before 5.How did you find it;how she had found it 6.The earth goes around the sun;the earth goes around the sun
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“科学家认为室内植物具有降低污染物水平的能力”这一主题展开,由此对室内植物——绿萝,不断地进行改良,增强其清除空气污染物的能力。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌”可知植物可以降低污染物的水平,故选C。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Stuart Strand...decided to enhance the pollution-reducing power of golden pothos by adding a rabbit gene for a liver enzyme”可知,Stuart Strand通过增加一种兔子的肝酶基因来改良绿萝,即通过调整植物的基因来改良绿萝。故选C。
3.A 推理判断题。第四段中提到了转基因绿萝清除空气污染物的能力比美国国家航空航天局测试的最好的植物强30倍,这是在说转基因绿萝让人满意的清除空气污染物的效果。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文第一段主要提出了“室内植物有降低污染物水平的能力”这样一个观点,下文主要介绍了Stuart Strand和Neoplants公司通过调整植物的基因来提升其降低污染物水平的能力,所以B项“被改良以清洁污染物的室内植物”最适合作为本文标题,故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.concern n.担心;忧虑 2.make a difference有影响;起作用 3.break down使分解
4.approach n.方法;临近 5.boost v.使增长 6.conclude v.得出结论;推断出 7.in cooperation with...和……合作 8.compare...with...把……和……相比 9.modify v.调整;稍作修改
【差距词汇】 notion n.观念
长难句
原句 Back in 1989, a NASA study found that plants put in sealed rooms could reduce the levels of pollutants, some of which can cause cancer.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。句中found后的that引导宾语从句,put in sealed rooms为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰plants,some of which can cause cancer为“代词+介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词pollutants。
译文 早在1989年,美国国家航空航天局的一项研究发现,把植物放在密封的房间里可以降低污染物的水平,其中一些污染物能够致癌。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的高中生Baxter通过对破旧衣物再设计的方法来践行环保理念,不仅开创了自己的服装品牌,还入围青年企业家大赛的故事。
1.C 根据前文“Through cutting, stitching and redesigning clothes”和后文“to be environmentally friendly”可知,对旧衣服进行剪裁、缝补和再设计以践行环保理念是一种很时尚的方法。故选C。 complicated复杂的; traditional传统的;fashionable时尚的;casual随便的。
2.A 根据后文“a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition”可知,他想出的旧衣再利用的方法为他赢得了青年企业家大赛的一个决赛席位。故选A。
3.A 根据前文“be environmentally friendly”可知,他的品牌是有利于可持续发展的。故选A。sustainable可持续的;affordable多数人支付得起的;unforgettable令人难忘的;recognizable容易认出的。
4.D 根据前文“worked with clothes”可知,他从小跟随祖母学习缝纫技艺。故选D。 sewing缝纫。
5.C 根据后文“his old jeans to try and make cool new designs”可知,他把自己的旧衣物撕破重新设计。故选C。 put down写下,镇压;set down写下,制定;tear up撕破;make up编造。
6.A 此题可以和第7题一起解出。我们可以先看第7题,根据后文“I can't make so many clothes for free”可知,同学们需要为衣服支付费用,而学生们让他做衣服并为此支付费用,这一爱好就变成了一种生意。故本题选A,第7题选B。
7.B 解析见上题。
8.D 根据前文“clothing brand The Mad Patcher”可知,他开创了自己的服装品牌。故选D。
9.D 根据后文“like jeans, shirts and jackets”可知,他利用零碎布料创作出新衣服。故选D。
10.B 根据后文“to ensure maximum sustainability”可知,他使用的是捐赠的或可循环使用的材料。故选B。plastic塑料的; recycled可循环使用的;colorful颜色鲜艳的; artificial人工的。
11.C 根据后文“some nonprofit environment conservation organizations”可知,他向一些非营利性环保机构捐钱。故选C。
12.A 根据后文“out of dozens of applicants across the US”可知,在很多申请人当中,他被选中进入决赛。故选A。 select选择;regard看待; describe描述;interview采访。
13.B 根据前文“he has 11 25 percent of his profits to some nonprofit environment conservation organizations”可知,Baxter在盈利的同时,不忘回报社会,故可以推测决赛选手除了有成功的商业经历、成长潜力和创新精神外,还要有社会责任感(即社会参与)。故选B。
14.C 根据Baxter说的话可知,进入决赛,遇到那么多志同道合的人,他感到很激动。故选C。
15.D 根据前文可知,他创立了一个服装品牌,这是一个值得他一生从事的项目。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.competition n.比赛;竞赛 2.for free 免费地 3.conservation n.保护;保存 4.applicant n.申请者 5.potential n.潜力;可能性 6.innovation n.创新 7.involvement n.参与;加入
【熟词生义】 spot n.排名位置
【差距词汇】 1.stitch v.缝补 2.finalist n.参加决赛者
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。威斯康星州格伦代尔格伦山中学的一群学生正在努力减少他们的生态足迹。
1.Led 考查过去分词。本句谓语动词是holds,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,根据空格后的by可知这里应用过去分词,指“被……领导”。注意首字母大写。
2.to study 考查不定式。空格处表示举行会议的目的,用不定式作目的状语。
3.nationally 考查副词。空格处修饰谓语,所以用副词作状语。be nationally recognized as...表示“在全国范围内被公认为……”。
4.requirements 考查名词复数。空处需填名词作动词meet的宾语,结合空后的“such as developing...getting rid of...and improving...”可知,此处的要求不止一个,需用名词复数形式。
5.harmful 考查形容词。空格处修饰名词waste,需用形容词。harmful waste指“有害垃圾”。
6.the 考查冠词。句意:在会议上,他们提出教同学和当地人以有趣的方式保护环境的想法和学校活动。上文已经提到过meetings,此处的 “meetings”不是第一次出现,此处表示特指,需用定冠词the修饰。
7.that/which 考查关系代词。设空处无提示词,空前为名词activities,空后内容缺主语,故设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,先行词指物,故填that或which。
8.by 考查介词。由空前的“nonprofit organization(非营利组织)”可知这里指“被志愿者经营”,应用介词by,run by volunteers作后置定语。
9.is devoted 考查时态、语态以及主谓一致。本句主语为Kompost Kids,是一个组织,应看作单数。devote oneself to...为固定搭配,意为“某人致力于……”,根据这里的结构可以用被动语态。本段时态均为一般现在时,结合语境可知这里也应使用一般现在时,故填is devoted。
易错归因 本题易错填are devoted,原因在于主语Kompost Kids以-s结尾,学生易因此而盲目地断定其为复数意义,其实根据前面的“Kompost Kids, a local nonprofit organization”可知Kompost Kids是一个组织的名字,应看作单数。
10.is 考查时态以及主谓一致。句意:回收利用塑料、金属罐、报纸等是帮助环境的另外一种很好的方法。此处陈述一般情况,应使用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语“Recycling plastic, metal cans, newspapers, etc.”,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故填is。
【高频词汇】 1.reduce v.减少 2.recognize v.公认;认出;认识;承认;意识到 3.get rid of 摆脱;丢弃;扔掉 4.various adj.各种各样的;各种不同的 5.conduct v.组织;安排;实施;执行;引导 6.come up with想出;提出(计划、想法等)
Ⅳ.One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
Today, I'm very honored to deliver a speech whose topic is “Environmental Protection”.
As we all know, the global environment is getting worse and worse. It is everyone's duty to protect the environment. As students, we can do our part in environmental protection. We had better use less water and electricity. When we go out, we can take buses or ride bikes instead of taking taxis. Besides, we are supposed to use more recycled products and try our best to save paper.
Please take action right now! Thanks for your listening.
1.重点词汇
①deliver a speech发表演讲 ②do one's part in...在……中尽某人的本分 ③instead of 而不是 ④be supposed to do sth.应该做某事 ⑤take action采取行动
2.亮点句型
As we all know, the global environment is getting worse and worse. (As引导的非限制性定语从句)众所周知,全球环境正变得越来越差。
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