2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习题--UNIT 3 Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time（答案与解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.In recent decades, exploring Mars has been the top (议程) for several countries.
2.They are determined to run the ( / ent pra z/ ) for the benefit of future generations.
3.To protect the culture of the city,the government (修复)many old buildings instead of tearing them down.
4.Next time we go to the beach, we should be careful with our g
—don't throw it anywhere.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.What is most significant is the way in which people live in harmony
nature.
2.You may not find that the meat has already gone bad if you don't make a careful (inspect).
3.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful (conserve) programs ever initiated.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ)
4.No teachers can tolerate students (cheat)in the exam.
5.The taxi driver (fine) for failing to give way to passers-by last night.
6. is believed that the splendid castle made of stone was built in the 16th century.
Ⅲ.选词填空
carry out inspections;dozens of;on behalf of
1. students in our school participated in the English speech contest whose topic is “How to be in harmony with nature”. Prior to taking part in it, students were requested to submit their articles to their English teachers who 2. carefully. Fortunately, I will take part in the city level competition 3. our school. I will try my best to prepare for it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.当你感到筋疲力尽的时候,有足够的休息是很重要的。(it作形式主语)
enough rest when you feel worn out.
2.当汤姆意识到他犯了错的时候,他抬头看着他的父亲,眼里噙满了泪水。(with的复合结构)
When Tom realized that he had made a mistake, he looked up at his father, .(读后续写—神态描写)
3.那位和蔼的英语老师被调到另一所学校去了,这让所有的学生都很伤心。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
The kind English teacher was transferred to another school,
.
4.Motivation is very important to senior high school students. It is an important factor in affecting the learning effect. (句式升级,非限制性定语从句)
→Motivation is very important to senior high school students,
in affecting the learning effect.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River attracts 1 (million) of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, a report said the water had been seriously polluted and that some actions had been taken to deal with it.
Water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists,many of 2 frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed 3 the problem too. The local population rose 4 (rapid),as well as 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste 6 (end)up in the river. To feed more people,more chemicals 7 (use)to increase crop 8 (product). These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
Local officials were 9 (concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment. Finally,a series of urgent steps were taken 10 (restore) the river's original beauty. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will come back soon.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023河南信阳统考期末)
When the tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized that the ocean in his home country, Indonesia, was polluted, in 2009 he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainable development as well as helping to cut plastic pollution. The enterprise shares short videos encouraging eco-friendly actions.
Bencheghib had worked on several projects with his brother overseas. But he wanted to do something in the United States on his own. In January, Bencheghib came up with the idea of running from Los Angeles to New York, to make people pay attention to plastic pollution and its influence on the ocean. Starting on June 8, Bencheghib has kept running 20 miles a day for 140 days. Along the way, he hosted education speeches at schools, universities and town halls as well as organized street and city clean-up campaigns to influence people.
Bencheghib said he understood the difficulty of his task but recognized that taking risks often has advantages.
“We were all really excited but couldn't believe it,” his teammate Christopher Auteri said. “How crazy it is!But we know that if there's anyone who's going to do it, it's going to be Sam.”
Since Bencheghib broke the news to the team, there have been no plastic water bottles in the locker room, and teammates joined Bencheghib for training runs. The coach Wouter Hendrix said Bencheghib's work showed his persistence(坚持) and courage, which he believes will serve as invaluable qualities for completing his run.
1.What encouraged Sam to set up his organization
A.A conversation with his brother.
B.The sea pollution in Indonesia.
C.The videos he watched.
D.A match he played.
2.What decision did Sam make to protect the ocean
A.Meeting local leaders.
B.Running across America.
C.Creating something to replace plastics.
D.Inviting people to give speeches in schools.
3.What did Sam's teammates do after they heard his decision
A.They gave him some money.
B.They joined his organization.
C.They refused to play tennis with him.
D.They showed their support with their actions.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Sam Bencheghib
A.Impatient and outgoing. B.Friendly and honest.
C.Strong-minded and helpful. D.Careful and hard-working.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022山西长治二中期末)
Paper bags remain an option in grocery stores and are preferred by many consumers for convenience. 1 The production of paper bags is, however, harmful to the environment in several ways. There are many advantages and disadvantages of the consumption and production of paper bags.
Ten billion paper bags are used every year in the United States alone. 2 Many consumers prefer paper bags because they hold more than plastic bags and are stronger, but stores mostly prefer to give out plastic bags because they are cheaper.
Paper bags are mostly made from original wood pulp (木浆). Recycled pulp is not strong enough, so their production begins with cutting down trees. 3 For one thing, cutting down trees reduces the absorption of greenhouse gases, and the production of paper bags requires the use of poisonous chemicals that contribute to air and water pollution. For another, the transportation of paper bags requires the consumption of fossil fuel that causes further air pollution.
4 The production of paper bags also creates 50 times more water pollutants than the production of plastic bags and 70 percent more air pollutants. Additionally, it requires more energy to recycle paper bags than plastic bags. However, the recycling and reusing rate for paper bags is higher. 5
A.It takes 14 million trees to meet this demand.
B.But experts advise using plastic bags instead of paper bags.
C.Paper bag production harms the environment in two ways.
D.They can be reused as garbage bags or for groceries several times.
E.Paper bags and plastic bags have their own strengths and weaknesses.
F.The production of a paper bag requires four times as much energy as a plastic bag.
G.Some people assume they are less damaging to the environment than plastic bags.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2022江苏泰州中学开学考试)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
December 5, 2012 was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey of adopting their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012. For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center, where her journey of returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions. She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurity resurfaced(再次出现) due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.
Paragraph 2:
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.agenda 2.enterprise 3.restored 4.garbage
Ⅱ.1.with 考查介词。 句意:最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。live in harmony with...与……和谐相处。故填with。
2.inspection 考查名词。句意:如果你不仔细检查,你可能不会发现肉已经变质了。 设空处被careful修饰,且前面有不定冠词a,作动词make的宾语,故需要使用所给词的名词形式。故填inspection,表示“检查”。
3.conservation 考查名词。句意:“联邦鸭票计划”被称为发起过的最成功的保护计划之一,这并不奇怪。设空处与前面的the most successful 一起作定语修饰名词programs,表示“最成功的保护计划”,此处应用名词修饰名词。故填conservation。Little wonder...为It's little wonder (that)...的省略形式,意为“……不足为奇/并不奇怪”。
4.cheating 考查动名词。tolerate sb. doing sth.容忍某人做某事。
5.was fined 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这个出租车司机昨晚因没有给行人让路而被罚款。空格处作句子的谓语,由句子的时间状语last night 可知这里应用一般过去时,且fine与主语The taxi driver为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was fined。
6.It 考查it作形式主语。句意:人们认为这座华丽的石头城堡建于16世纪。It is believed that...意为“人们认为……”,其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填It。
Ⅲ.1.Dozens of 2.carried out inspections 3.on behalf of
Ⅳ.1.It's important to have 2.with tears welling up in his eyes 3.making all the students very sad 4.which is an important factor
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.millions 考查数词。根据后面的of可知这里应用millions, millions of表示“数百万的”。
2.whom 考查关系代词。设空处所在句中,逗号前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,many of 2 在逗号后的句子中作主语,逗号后无连词,故many of 2 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为tourists,故用whom。句意:漓江的水质因游客数量的增长而遭到严重破坏,很多游客频繁地往江中扔垃圾。
3.to 考查介词。contribute to促成,导致。
4.rapidly 考查副词。设空处前面为动词rose,修饰动词应用副词,故填rapidly。
5.the as well as连接两个并列的结构,故 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises与The local population并列,该句可调整为“The local population as well as 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises rose rapidly.”故该句意为“当地人口和商业以及工业企业的数量迅速上升”,设空处应用the。the number of表示“……的数量”。
6.ending 考查现在分词。此处构成“with+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语more household and commercial waste与end up为主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:随着更多的家庭和商业垃圾最终进入江里,水污染程度有所上升。
7.were used 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,根据上下文时态可知,这里在讲过去的事情,应用一般过去时,且chemicals 与use之间为被动关系,所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,故填 were used。
8.production 考查名词。设空处由名词crop修饰,故填名词,crop production意为“粮食产量”。
9.concerned 考查形容词。空格处在句中作表语,表示“担心的”,应用形容词concerned。
10.to restore 考查不定式。采取一系列紧急措施的目的是恢复漓江的原始美。空格处表示目的,用不定式作目的状语。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了网球运动员Sam Bencheghib为保护海洋跑步横穿美国的故事。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“当网球运动员Sam Bencheghib意识到他的祖国——印度尼西亚的海洋受到污染时,2009年,他和哥哥Gary共同创立了‘Make a Change World’,这是一个支持可持续发展并帮助减少塑料污染的组织。”可知,是印度尼西亚的海洋污染激发Sam建立他的组织。故选B。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“1月,Bencheghib萌生了从洛杉矶跑步到纽约的想法,以让人们关注塑料污染及其对海洋的影响。”可知,Sam为了保护海洋决定跑步穿越美国。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“自从Bencheghib把这个消息告诉球队后,更衣室里就没有塑料水瓶了,队友们都和Bencheghib一起跑步训练。”可知,Sam的队友听到他的决定后,用行动表示支持。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bencheghib和他哥哥曾几次在海外参与项目。但他想自己在美国做点什么。1月份,Bencheghib萌生了从洛杉矶跑步到纽约的想法,以让人们关注塑料污染及其对海洋的影响。”可推断,他是一个意志坚定、对社会有益的人。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.found v.成立 2.work on从事 3.take risks冒险 4.invaluable adj.极宝贵的 5.quality n.品质
【熟词生义】 break v.公布;透露;说出
长难句
原句 When the tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized that the ocean in his home country, Indonesia, was polluted, in 2009 he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainable development as well as helping to cut plastic pollution.
分析 本句是主从复合句。When the tennis player...was polluted为When引导的时间状语从句,在该从句中,recognized后面是that引导的宾语从句;主句中an organization...作Make a Change World的同位语,现在分词短语“supporting...as well as helping...”作后置定语,修饰an organization。
译文 当网球运动员Sam Bencheghib意识到他的祖国——印度尼西亚的海洋受到污染时,2009年,他和哥哥Gary共同创立了“Make a Change World”,这是一个支持可持续发展并帮助减少塑料污染的组织。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸袋的消费和生产的利弊。
1.G 过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:纸袋仍然是在杂货店买东西时的一种选择,许多消费者为了方便而首选纸袋→ 1 →然而,纸袋的生产在几个方面对环境有害。G选项“有些人认为纸袋对环境的破坏比塑料袋小”在意思上顺承上文,同时引起下文(与下文构成转折关系),符合语境。
2.A 细节句。根据上句提到的“仅在美国,每年就有100亿个纸袋被使用”可知,纸袋的使用量大。A选项“需要1,400万棵树才能满足这个需求”承接上文,说出了使用纸袋对环境的影响。选项中的“this demand”指的是前句提到的“100亿个纸袋”的需求。
3.C 细节句。根据下文“For one thing...For another...”可知,此处介绍了纸袋会在两个方面对环境造成危害。C选项“纸袋生产从两个方面危害环境”能够引出下文对这两个方面的介绍。
4.F 细节句。根据下文提到的“比起塑料袋生产,纸袋生产还会产生50倍的水污染物,并多产生70%的空气污染物。此外,回收纸袋比回收塑料袋需要更多的能源”可知,此处是拿纸袋生产与塑料袋生产作对比。F选项“生产纸袋需要的能源是塑料袋的四倍”与下文一致。
易错归因 本题容易误选E项,因为该段的“The production of paper bags...than plastic bags.”讲了纸袋相对于塑料袋的弊端,而“However, the recycling and reusing rate for paper bags is higher.”讲了纸袋相对于塑料袋的优势,E项“纸袋和塑料袋有它们自己的优势和劣势”完全能够统领下文。但设空处后文中的“also”一词暗示了设空处为与其并列的细节句,而不是统领下文的主旨句。
5.D 细节句。根据上句提到的“但纸袋的回收再利用率较高”可知,D选项“它们可以作为垃圾袋被再次使用或多次用来装食品杂货”进一步解释说明了纸袋是如何被回收再利用的。
【高频词汇】 1.prefer v.更喜欢;较喜欢 2.consumer n.消费者 3.convenience n.方便;适宜;便利
4.original adj.起初的;原来的 5.recycle vt.回收利用;再利用 6.contribute to导致;有助于 7.transportation n.运输 8.assume v.认为
长难句
原句 Many consumers prefer paper bags because they hold more than plastic bags and are stronger, but stores mostly prefer to give out plastic bags because they are cheaper.
分析 这是一个并列复合句。句中连词but连接两个并列分句。这两个分句中分别有一个原因状语从句,由连词because引导。
译文 许多消费者更喜欢纸袋,因为纸袋比塑料袋装得更多且更结实,但商店通常更喜欢分发塑料袋,因为它们更便宜。
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 兰辛夫妇收养贝萨妮之前 慈爱的(兰辛夫妇) 无助和痛苦(贝萨妮) 抗拒和不信任(贝萨妮) 坚定的(兰辛一家) 逐渐接受 产生信任 (贝萨妮)
主要 人物 兰辛夫妇,贝萨妮
背景 ①兰辛夫妇相继收养了三个女孩,并给她们提供了健康幸福的成长环境。 ②贝萨妮自小被母亲抛弃。
开端 兰辛夫妇决定收养第四个孩子。
发展 2012年6月,当贝萨妮被介绍给兰辛一家时,贝萨妮由于之前的痛苦经历而产生的不安全感再次出现,在他们第一次见面时,她拒绝说话,甚至不看兰辛夫妇一眼。
Para. 1 但兰辛一家并不打算放弃。(段首句)
①兰辛夫妇对贝萨妮说了什么 ②上文谈到兰辛夫妇之前已经收养了3个孩子,这3个孩子在劝说贝萨妮方面有没有起到积极作用 ③贝萨妮最后做出了什么决定
Para. 2 后来,贝萨妮经历了许多激动人心的事情。(段首句)
①贝萨妮都经历了什么激动人心的事情 ②贝萨妮发生了什么变化
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up. They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family. The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system, and they told her how scared they had been of meeting a new family too and how happy they were now. Soon Bethany's anxiety eased, and she agreed to go and see her new home.
Paragraph 2:
Later,Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. From many hours spent in the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany lived the life every child deserves. The Lansings celebrated Bethany's birthday with a superb cruise. When Bethany returned to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone commented on was her self-confidence. The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure, funny young lady who will talk your ear off.
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2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.In recent decades, exploring Mars has been the top (议程) for several countries.
2.They are determined to run the ( / ent pra z/ ) for the benefit of future generations.
3.To protect the culture of the city,the government (修复)many old buildings instead of tearing them down.
4.Next time we go to the beach, we should be careful with our g
—don't throw it anywhere.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.What is most significant is the way in which people live in harmony
nature.
2.You may not find that the meat has already gone bad if you don't make a careful (inspect).
3.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful (conserve) programs ever initiated.(2021全国新高考Ⅰ)
4.No teachers can tolerate students (cheat)in the exam.
5.The taxi driver (fine) for failing to give way to passers-by last night.
6. is believed that the splendid castle made of stone was built in the 16th century.
Ⅲ.选词填空
carry out inspections;dozens of;on behalf of
1. students in our school participated in the English speech contest whose topic is “How to be in harmony with nature”. Prior to taking part in it, students were requested to submit their articles to their English teachers who 2. carefully. Fortunately, I will take part in the city level competition 3. our school. I will try my best to prepare for it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.当你感到筋疲力尽的时候,有足够的休息是很重要的。(it作形式主语)
enough rest when you feel worn out.
2.当汤姆意识到他犯了错的时候,他抬头看着他的父亲,眼里噙满了泪水。(with的复合结构)
When Tom realized that he had made a mistake, he looked up at his father, .(读后续写—神态描写)
3.那位和蔼的英语老师被调到另一所学校去了,这让所有的学生都很伤心。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
The kind English teacher was transferred to another school,
.
4.Motivation is very important to senior high school students. It is an important factor in affecting the learning effect. (句式升级,非限制性定语从句)
→Motivation is very important to senior high school students,
in affecting the learning effect.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River attracts 1 (million) of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, a report said the water had been seriously polluted and that some actions had been taken to deal with it.
Water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists,many of 2 frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed 3 the problem too. The local population rose 4 (rapid),as well as 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste 6 (end)up in the river. To feed more people,more chemicals 7 (use)to increase crop 8 (product). These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species.
Local officials were 9 (concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment. Finally,a series of urgent steps were taken 10 (restore) the river's original beauty. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will come back soon.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2023河南信阳统考期末)
When the tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized that the ocean in his home country, Indonesia, was polluted, in 2009 he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainable development as well as helping to cut plastic pollution. The enterprise shares short videos encouraging eco-friendly actions.
Bencheghib had worked on several projects with his brother overseas. But he wanted to do something in the United States on his own. In January, Bencheghib came up with the idea of running from Los Angeles to New York, to make people pay attention to plastic pollution and its influence on the ocean. Starting on June 8, Bencheghib has kept running 20 miles a day for 140 days. Along the way, he hosted education speeches at schools, universities and town halls as well as organized street and city clean-up campaigns to influence people.
Bencheghib said he understood the difficulty of his task but recognized that taking risks often has advantages.
“We were all really excited but couldn't believe it,” his teammate Christopher Auteri said. “How crazy it is!But we know that if there's anyone who's going to do it, it's going to be Sam.”
Since Bencheghib broke the news to the team, there have been no plastic water bottles in the locker room, and teammates joined Bencheghib for training runs. The coach Wouter Hendrix said Bencheghib's work showed his persistence(坚持) and courage, which he believes will serve as invaluable qualities for completing his run.
1.What encouraged Sam to set up his organization
A.A conversation with his brother.
B.The sea pollution in Indonesia.
C.The videos he watched.
D.A match he played.
2.What decision did Sam make to protect the ocean
A.Meeting local leaders.
B.Running across America.
C.Creating something to replace plastics.
D.Inviting people to give speeches in schools.
3.What did Sam's teammates do after they heard his decision
A.They gave him some money.
B.They joined his organization.
C.They refused to play tennis with him.
D.They showed their support with their actions.
4.Which of the following words can best describe Sam Bencheghib
A.Impatient and outgoing. B.Friendly and honest.
C.Strong-minded and helpful. D.Careful and hard-working.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022山西长治二中期末)
Paper bags remain an option in grocery stores and are preferred by many consumers for convenience. 1 The production of paper bags is, however, harmful to the environment in several ways. There are many advantages and disadvantages of the consumption and production of paper bags.
Ten billion paper bags are used every year in the United States alone. 2 Many consumers prefer paper bags because they hold more than plastic bags and are stronger, but stores mostly prefer to give out plastic bags because they are cheaper.
Paper bags are mostly made from original wood pulp (木浆). Recycled pulp is not strong enough, so their production begins with cutting down trees. 3 For one thing, cutting down trees reduces the absorption of greenhouse gases, and the production of paper bags requires the use of poisonous chemicals that contribute to air and water pollution. For another, the transportation of paper bags requires the consumption of fossil fuel that causes further air pollution.
4 The production of paper bags also creates 50 times more water pollutants than the production of plastic bags and 70 percent more air pollutants. Additionally, it requires more energy to recycle paper bags than plastic bags. However, the recycling and reusing rate for paper bags is higher. 5
A.It takes 14 million trees to meet this demand.
B.But experts advise using plastic bags instead of paper bags.
C.Paper bag production harms the environment in two ways.
D.They can be reused as garbage bags or for groceries several times.
E.Paper bags and plastic bags have their own strengths and weaknesses.
F.The production of a paper bag requires four times as much energy as a plastic bag.
G.Some people assume they are less damaging to the environment than plastic bags.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2022江苏泰州中学开学考试)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
December 5, 2012 was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey of adopting their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012. For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center, where her journey of returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions. She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurity resurfaced(再次出现) due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.
Paragraph 2:
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.agenda 2.enterprise 3.restored 4.garbage
Ⅱ.1.with 考查介词。 句意:最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。live in harmony with...与……和谐相处。故填with。
2.inspection 考查名词。句意:如果你不仔细检查,你可能不会发现肉已经变质了。 设空处被careful修饰,且前面有不定冠词a,作动词make的宾语,故需要使用所给词的名词形式。故填inspection,表示“检查”。
3.conservation 考查名词。句意:“联邦鸭票计划”被称为发起过的最成功的保护计划之一,这并不奇怪。设空处与前面的the most successful 一起作定语修饰名词programs,表示“最成功的保护计划”,此处应用名词修饰名词。故填conservation。Little wonder...为It's little wonder (that)...的省略形式,意为“……不足为奇/并不奇怪”。
4.cheating 考查动名词。tolerate sb. doing sth.容忍某人做某事。
5.was fined 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这个出租车司机昨晚因没有给行人让路而被罚款。空格处作句子的谓语,由句子的时间状语last night 可知这里应用一般过去时,且fine与主语The taxi driver为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was fined。
6.It 考查it作形式主语。句意:人们认为这座华丽的石头城堡建于16世纪。It is believed that...意为“人们认为……”,其中It作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填It。
Ⅲ.1.Dozens of 2.carried out inspections 3.on behalf of
Ⅳ.1.It's important to have 2.with tears welling up in his eyes 3.making all the students very sad 4.which is an important factor
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.millions 考查数词。根据后面的of可知这里应用millions, millions of表示“数百万的”。
2.whom 考查关系代词。设空处所在句中,逗号前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,many of 2 在逗号后的句子中作主语,逗号后无连词,故many of 2 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为tourists,故用whom。句意:漓江的水质因游客数量的增长而遭到严重破坏,很多游客频繁地往江中扔垃圾。
3.to 考查介词。contribute to促成,导致。
4.rapidly 考查副词。设空处前面为动词rose,修饰动词应用副词,故填rapidly。
5.the as well as连接两个并列的结构,故 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises与The local population并列,该句可调整为“The local population as well as 5 number of commercial and industrial enterprises rose rapidly.”故该句意为“当地人口和商业以及工业企业的数量迅速上升”,设空处应用the。the number of表示“……的数量”。
6.ending 考查现在分词。此处构成“with+宾语+宾补”结构,宾语more household and commercial waste与end up为主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:随着更多的家庭和商业垃圾最终进入江里,水污染程度有所上升。
7.were used 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为句子的谓语,根据上下文时态可知,这里在讲过去的事情,应用一般过去时,且chemicals 与use之间为被动关系,所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,故填 were used。
8.production 考查名词。设空处由名词crop修饰,故填名词,crop production意为“粮食产量”。
9.concerned 考查形容词。空格处在句中作表语,表示“担心的”,应用形容词concerned。
10.to restore 考查不定式。采取一系列紧急措施的目的是恢复漓江的原始美。空格处表示目的,用不定式作目的状语。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了网球运动员Sam Bencheghib为保护海洋跑步横穿美国的故事。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“当网球运动员Sam Bencheghib意识到他的祖国——印度尼西亚的海洋受到污染时,2009年,他和哥哥Gary共同创立了‘Make a Change World’,这是一个支持可持续发展并帮助减少塑料污染的组织。”可知,是印度尼西亚的海洋污染激发Sam建立他的组织。故选B。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“1月,Bencheghib萌生了从洛杉矶跑步到纽约的想法,以让人们关注塑料污染及其对海洋的影响。”可知,Sam为了保护海洋决定跑步穿越美国。故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“自从Bencheghib把这个消息告诉球队后,更衣室里就没有塑料水瓶了,队友们都和Bencheghib一起跑步训练。”可知,Sam的队友听到他的决定后,用行动表示支持。故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bencheghib和他哥哥曾几次在海外参与项目。但他想自己在美国做点什么。1月份,Bencheghib萌生了从洛杉矶跑步到纽约的想法,以让人们关注塑料污染及其对海洋的影响。”可推断,他是一个意志坚定、对社会有益的人。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.found v.成立 2.work on从事 3.take risks冒险 4.invaluable adj.极宝贵的 5.quality n.品质
【熟词生义】 break v.公布;透露;说出
长难句
原句 When the tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized that the ocean in his home country, Indonesia, was polluted, in 2009 he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainable development as well as helping to cut plastic pollution.
分析 本句是主从复合句。When the tennis player...was polluted为When引导的时间状语从句,在该从句中,recognized后面是that引导的宾语从句;主句中an organization...作Make a Change World的同位语,现在分词短语“supporting...as well as helping...”作后置定语,修饰an organization。
译文 当网球运动员Sam Bencheghib意识到他的祖国——印度尼西亚的海洋受到污染时,2009年,他和哥哥Gary共同创立了“Make a Change World”,这是一个支持可持续发展并帮助减少塑料污染的组织。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸袋的消费和生产的利弊。
1.G 过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语义结构为:纸袋仍然是在杂货店买东西时的一种选择,许多消费者为了方便而首选纸袋→ 1 →然而,纸袋的生产在几个方面对环境有害。G选项“有些人认为纸袋对环境的破坏比塑料袋小”在意思上顺承上文,同时引起下文(与下文构成转折关系),符合语境。
2.A 细节句。根据上句提到的“仅在美国,每年就有100亿个纸袋被使用”可知,纸袋的使用量大。A选项“需要1,400万棵树才能满足这个需求”承接上文,说出了使用纸袋对环境的影响。选项中的“this demand”指的是前句提到的“100亿个纸袋”的需求。
3.C 细节句。根据下文“For one thing...For another...”可知,此处介绍了纸袋会在两个方面对环境造成危害。C选项“纸袋生产从两个方面危害环境”能够引出下文对这两个方面的介绍。
4.F 细节句。根据下文提到的“比起塑料袋生产,纸袋生产还会产生50倍的水污染物,并多产生70%的空气污染物。此外,回收纸袋比回收塑料袋需要更多的能源”可知,此处是拿纸袋生产与塑料袋生产作对比。F选项“生产纸袋需要的能源是塑料袋的四倍”与下文一致。
易错归因 本题容易误选E项,因为该段的“The production of paper bags...than plastic bags.”讲了纸袋相对于塑料袋的弊端,而“However, the recycling and reusing rate for paper bags is higher.”讲了纸袋相对于塑料袋的优势,E项“纸袋和塑料袋有它们自己的优势和劣势”完全能够统领下文。但设空处后文中的“also”一词暗示了设空处为与其并列的细节句,而不是统领下文的主旨句。
5.D 细节句。根据上句提到的“但纸袋的回收再利用率较高”可知,D选项“它们可以作为垃圾袋被再次使用或多次用来装食品杂货”进一步解释说明了纸袋是如何被回收再利用的。
【高频词汇】 1.prefer v.更喜欢;较喜欢 2.consumer n.消费者 3.convenience n.方便;适宜;便利
4.original adj.起初的;原来的 5.recycle vt.回收利用;再利用 6.contribute to导致;有助于 7.transportation n.运输 8.assume v.认为
长难句
原句 Many consumers prefer paper bags because they hold more than plastic bags and are stronger, but stores mostly prefer to give out plastic bags because they are cheaper.
分析 这是一个并列复合句。句中连词but连接两个并列分句。这两个分句中分别有一个原因状语从句,由连词because引导。
译文 许多消费者更喜欢纸袋,因为纸袋比塑料袋装得更多且更结实,但商店通常更喜欢分发塑料袋,因为它们更便宜。
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
时间 兰辛夫妇收养贝萨妮之前 慈爱的(兰辛夫妇) 无助和痛苦(贝萨妮) 抗拒和不信任(贝萨妮) 坚定的(兰辛一家) 逐渐接受 产生信任 (贝萨妮)
主要 人物 兰辛夫妇,贝萨妮
背景 ①兰辛夫妇相继收养了三个女孩,并给她们提供了健康幸福的成长环境。 ②贝萨妮自小被母亲抛弃。
开端 兰辛夫妇决定收养第四个孩子。
发展 2012年6月,当贝萨妮被介绍给兰辛一家时,贝萨妮由于之前的痛苦经历而产生的不安全感再次出现,在他们第一次见面时,她拒绝说话,甚至不看兰辛夫妇一眼。
Para. 1 但兰辛一家并不打算放弃。(段首句)
①兰辛夫妇对贝萨妮说了什么 ②上文谈到兰辛夫妇之前已经收养了3个孩子,这3个孩子在劝说贝萨妮方面有没有起到积极作用 ③贝萨妮最后做出了什么决定
Para. 2 后来,贝萨妮经历了许多激动人心的事情。(段首句)
①贝萨妮都经历了什么激动人心的事情 ②贝萨妮发生了什么变化
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up. They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family. The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system, and they told her how scared they had been of meeting a new family too and how happy they were now. Soon Bethany's anxiety eased, and she agreed to go and see her new home.
Paragraph 2:
Later,Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. From many hours spent in the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany lived the life every child deserves. The Lansings celebrated Bethany's birthday with a superb cruise. When Bethany returned to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone commented on was her self-confidence. The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure, funny young lady who will talk your ear off.
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