2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步练习题--UNIT 1 Part 1 Reading and Thinking（答案与解析）
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2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My head still lifted with (尊严), I tried to fight back the tears.
2.Every month Mr. Blank sets aside 100 dollars out of his (薪水)for his old age.
3.If the science f is translated into English, it will be popular around the world.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.She dismissed the guests, saying that she wasn’t feeling well.词义:
2.Faced with difficulties, she learnt how to dismiss her fears and gain success.词义:
3.Because of a lack of funds, the project was stopped.Then the team was dismissed and she was dismissed from her post.词义1: 词义2:
4.The boss dismissed the idea with a firm shake of his head.词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The editor felt (guilt) about not publishing your article in the latest issue.
2.Please make a written (declare) of all the goods you bought abroad.
3.His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was dismissed his post frequent absence.
4.I told her that I might have something that belonged to her and made an (appoint) with her.
5. Because of the present crisis, it is absurd (imagine) that the recovery will be quick and easy.
6.The look on his face suggested he (be) unhappy, so I suggested he (go) camping with us.
7.The match had just begun when the heavens opened, so the match (suspend).
Ⅳ.选词填空
test out;more like;or rather;in contrast
To help the old people, a new household robot is being 1. in the lab. 2. , it is superior to the former generations of robots. It is 3. a human than an unconscious machine—even its skin is soft, 4. , warm as well as soft.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.社交机器人更像是同伴,而不是工具。
Social robots are much companions tools.
2.他转过身,看到树下站着一个陌生人。(完全倒装)
He turned around and saw under the tree.(读后续写—动作描写)
3.他们告了别,不知道他们再也不会见面了。(be to do结构)
They said goodbye,not knowing that they again.
4.尽管有些孩子确实没有礼貌,但禁止并不是教育他们的正确方法。(让步状语从句)
bad manners, banning is not a right way to teach them.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A household robot called Tony was to be tested out in Larry’s house.Though Claire, Larry’s wife, didn’t like 1 idea in the beginning, she was persuaded to let the robot 2 (company) her while her husband was away on a business trip. The robot looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair. Though his facial 3 (express) never changed, the robot was 4 (gift)with a charming deep voice. At the sight of Tony, Claire felt alarmed because he seemed 5 (much) like a human than a machine. So when Tony offered to help her get dressed, Claire felt more than embarrassed.
However, Tony gradually won Claire’s trust. He took good care of Claire and even managed to rescue her 6 she fell off the ladder. He also helped Claire realize her dream by 7 (make) her home elegant, giving her a new haircut and improving her makeup. He advised her to throw a party and expected all the guests who 8 (invite) would be filled with admiration when they saw her house was 9 (complete) transformed. And Tony said he was so attached 10 her that he was unwilling to leave her.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023湖南衡阳八中期中)
The Wandering EarthⅡ, a science fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science fiction writers, both in China and overseas. Among them, John Gribbin, a UK science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that’s what makes science fiction prosper.
“It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them,” he says. “This is a bit like music. Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view. “The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs. This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.”
Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imaginary technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, for example, what arouses most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible. If it were possible, what materials would be used
For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science. He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity. Who knows who will emerge as an engineer for such an elevator in 50 years’ time ”
Impressed by the progress of science related industries in China, Gribbin says that “it is going from strength to strength” and that “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and the Chinese people are naturally interested in the developments.”
1.What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to Paragraph 1
A.The charm of science.
B.The attraction of literature.
C.The popularity of the film.
D.The development of science education.
2.Why does the author mention the music in Paragraph 2
A.To stress music is necessary in science.
B.To tell readers why music appreciation is important.
C.To show the relationship between music and science.
D.To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge.
3.Which is the function of the “space elevator” in The Wandering EarthⅡ
A.It helps control the rocket.
B.It sends astronauts into space.
C.It enables astronauts to walk in space.
D.It maintains astronauts’ safety in space.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A.Putting Science into Fiction
B.Fiction Gaining in Popularity
C.Science Planting Seeds of Hope
D.A Leading Country for Scientific Research
B
(2023浙江宁波慈溪中学月考)
Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the numerous questions from students in the online class. Professor Goel already had 8 teaching assistants,whereas that wasn’t enough to deal with the huge number of questions from students.
Many students drop out of online courses for lack of teaching support. When students feel confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation for continuing begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to change this situation by creating a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her on the online forum. At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team searched the online discussion forum to find all 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class started. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustment, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with artificial intelligence but couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being—it was more like a human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students turned out to be very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all questions raised by students. The name, Jill Watson will of course, change to something else next term. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of AI than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.
5.Why did Professor Goel create a virtual teaching assistant
A.Because his course was not interesting enough.
B.Because he felt confused about how to teach online.
C.Because students’ questions were too many to handle.
D.Because his students were unsatisfied with the human assistants.
6.What do we learn about Jill Watson
A.She turned out to be a great success.
B.She was unwelcome at first.
C.Her true identity is still secret from students.
D.Her name will be kept for the next virtual assistant.
7.What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson
A.Replace her with different versions.
B.Enable her to answer more questions.
C.Recommend her to some famous people.
D.Equip her with new questions and answers.
8.What’s the main idea of the text
A.A robot named Jill Watson gives an online course.
B.Robots will take humans’ place in online classes in the future.
C.A virtual teaching assistant is getting popular among the students.
D.A virtual teaching assistant helps solve online questions in large quantities.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2023安徽合肥联考)
Science fiction, or sci fi, with more themes related to environmental issues, overpopulation, and technological growth, has explosively grown in popularity since the beginning of the 21st century. 1
Some Chinese Sci Fi History
2 Few works were translated. And the Western world had little to no taste for it.
The history of Chinese sci fi is extensive,whereas the modern genre first took root during the 1900s. Authors such as Lu Xun promoted sci fi’s early development in China and translated multiple Western stories like Jules Verne’s From the Earth to the Moon. From the 1970s, China began its own golden age of science fiction. Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers. 3
Its Entry into the West
Chinese sci fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel to be translated into English. 4 Chinese sci fi’s introduction into the West began with this novel, and it couldn’t have been given a better international debut (首次亮相). Liu has become a go to source for Chinese authors having an urge to seek international audiences.
What Makes Chinese Sci Fi Distinctive
The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs. 5 The stories are also different because many modern Chinese sci fi authors are heavily affected by the events of the 20th century. Their perspectives and ideas on morals, ethics, politics, science and anything in between come from standpoints previously unknown to Western readers.
A.He is a writer, translator and computer scientist.
B.Published in 2014, it proved to be a huge success.
C.Before the 2000s, Chinese sci fi was lesser known.
D.Chinese sci fi also made its way to the West and took the West by storm.
E.Similar to Western sci fi, it has experienced ups and downs.
F.This makes Chinese sci fi a cultural and historical analysis of China.
G.This laid the foundation for its eventual introduction to Western readers.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.dignity 2.salary 3.fiction
Ⅱ.1.让某人离开 句意:她说自己身体不舒服,把客人打发走了。
2.消除 句意:面对困难,她学会了如何消除恐惧,获得成功。
3.解散;解雇 句意:由于缺乏资金,这个项目被叫停了。然后团队被解散,她也被免职了。
4.不予考虑,摒弃 句意:老板坚定地摇了摇头,否定了那个想法。
Ⅲ.1.guilty 考查形容词。 设空处位于系动词felt后,作表语,应用形容词,故填guilty。句意:编辑为没有在最新一期上发表你的文章而感到内疚。
2.declaration 考查名词。结合空前的a written及空后的介词of可知此空应填入单数名词,故填declaration。句意:请写一个你在国外购买的全部商品的书面申报单。
3.from;for 考查介词。句意:他母亲病了,更糟的是,他自己也因经常缺勤而被解雇了。dismiss sb. from his/her post for...意为“因……解雇某人”,此处为其被动语态sb.+be dismissed from his/her post for...。
4.appointment 考查名词。make an appointment with sb.意为“和某人约定”。故填appointment。句意:我告诉她,我可能有属于她的东西,并和她约好了。
5.to imagine 考查不定式。 此处是“it is+adj.+to do sth.”句型,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to imagine。句意:由于目前的危机,认为复苏会快速且容易是荒谬的。
6.was;go 考查suggest后宾语从句的谓语动词形式。句意:他脸上的表情表明他不高兴,所以我建议他和我们一起去野营。第一个suggested意为“表明;显示”,后面的宾语从句用陈述语气,从句时态受主句时态的影响,故填was;第二个suggested意为“建议”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略,故填go。
易错归因 本题第二空学生容易受he的影响填goes,或受suggested的影响填went。要注意suggest后接宾语从句时,要根据表达的意义首先确定是否使用虚拟语气。
7.was suspended 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:比赛刚刚开始就下起了倾盆大雨,所以比赛暂停了。本句为so连接的并列复合句,后面的分句中the match为主语,所以设空处为谓语,根据语境可知这里讲的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且the match与suspend之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,the match为单数意义,故填was suspended。
Ⅳ.1.tested out 2.In contrast 3.more like 4.or rather
Ⅴ.1.more like;than 2.there stood a stranger 3.were never to meet 4.Even though/if some kids/children do have
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。句意:虽然拉里的妻子克莱尔一开始不喜欢这个主意,但她还是被说服在她的丈夫出差期间让这个机器人陪伴她。“这个主意”在上文出现了(即第一句话),所以设空处表特指,应使用定冠词the。
2.accompany 考查动词。句意同上。let sb./sth. do sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”,此处应填动词,所给词company为名词,意为“陪伴”,其动词形式为accompany。故填accompany。
3.expression 考查名词。句意:虽然这个机器人的面部表情从未改变,但他有迷人的低沉的嗓音。从句缺少主语,且设空处被形容词facial修饰,所以填名词expression。
4.gifted 考查形容词。be gifted with...意为“具有……(令人愉快的东西)”。
5.more 考查比较级。句意:克莱尔一看到托尼就感到恐慌,因为他看起来更像是一个人而不是一台机器。根据后面的than判断设空处填比较级形式。more like意为“更像是”。
6.when 考查连词。这里指当她从梯子上摔下来时,他成功地救了她,故用连词when表示“当……的时候”。
7.making 考查动名词。介词by后面接动名词作宾语,表示“通过做某事”。by后面有and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语。
8.were invited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他建议她举办一个聚会,期待所有被邀请的客人看到她的房子被彻底改变时都会充满羡慕。根据句意可知此处应该用被动语态,who代替guests在从句中作主语,为复数概念,且此处介绍过去发生的事情,所以填were invited。
9.completely 考查副词。句意同上。修饰was transformed应该用副词形式。故填completely。
10.to 考查介词。句意:托尼说他非常依恋她,以至于他不愿意离开她。be attached to意为“喜欢……;依恋……”。故填to。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学教育与科幻小说的关系进行了阐释。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是科幻小说繁荣的原因。”可知,科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D。
2.D 推理判断题。第二段第一句提到了解科学的基本原理非常重要。后面接着提到了这有点像音乐,阐述了懂一点音乐对于音乐欣赏的作用。由此可推知,第二段是以对音乐的欣赏为例说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“例如,在最近的一部中,引起公众最多的激烈讨论的是‘太空电梯’,它使航天员乘坐电梯而不是火箭完成他们的太空之旅。”可知,太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是科幻小说繁荣的原因。”点出了科学教育与科幻小说繁荣之间的关系,后面几段展开具体论证了这种关系。由此可知,A项“把科学融入小说”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.speak highly of高度赞扬/评价
2.fundamental n.基本原理adj.基本的;十分重大的
3.episode n.一集,一节 4.emerge v.出现;露出
5.leading adj.领先的;一流的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。佐治亚理工学院的Ashok Goel教授开发了一个人工智能教学助手,以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,Ashok Goel教授开发了一个人工智能教学助手,以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。 Goel教授已经有8个教学助手了,但这不足以处理来自学生的大量问题。由此可知,由于学生的问题太多,Goel教授创建了一个虚拟的教学助手。故选C。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知Jill回答学生问题的正确率达到了97%。这个虚拟助手变得如此先进和务实,以至于学生们都不知道它是一台电脑。研究人工智能的学生在与人工智能进行交互时无法将其与真人区分开来,结果学生们对这次经历非常乐观。由此可推断出, Jill Watson获得了巨大的成功。故选A。
7.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知Goel教授的虚拟助手明年的目标是回答学生提出的40%的问题。由此可知,Goel教授接下来计划使Jill Watson能够回答更多的问题。故选B。
8.D 主旨大意题。本文结构如下:
Paras. 1,2 Para. 3 Para. 4
开发人工智
能教学助手
的原因→Goel和他的团
队的开发经过
以及学生的反应→这个虚拟助
手未来的发
展方向
由此推断,文章主要内容为虚拟助教被开发以辅助教学,帮助学生解答大量的在线问题。故选D。
易错归因 本题学生容易犯“过度引申”的错误,误选C项。虽然文章第三段最后一句“The students turned out to be very positive about the experience.”提到学生对这种体验很喜欢,但虚拟教学助手变得流行并未在文中提及。文章主要讲的是一个人工智能教学助手被开发出来以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的问题。
【高频词汇】 1.intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的
2.assistant n.助手 3.handle v.处理,应对 4.drop out of 退出 5.for lack of...由于缺乏…… 6.motivation n.动力 7.fade v.减弱;逐渐消失 8.adjustment n.调整
9.tell...apart from...区分……和……
【熟词生义】 1.rosy adj.乐观的,美好的 2.say v.比方说
长难句
原句 Professor Goel decided to change this situation by creating a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。“by creating a virtual assistant”为方式状语,named Jill Watson为后置定语,修饰virtual assistant,which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰a virtual assistant。
译文 Goel教授决定通过创建一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助手来改变这种情况,该虚拟助手基于IBM Watson平台。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科幻小说的发展历史、进入西方世界的原因及中国科幻小说的独特魅力。
1.D 过渡句。设空处上文谈到科幻小说在21世纪初期迎来了爆发式增长。再根据下文的三个小标题“一些中国科幻小说史”、“它进入西方”、“是什么让中国科幻小说与众不同”可知,本文讲述的是中国科幻小说的相关内容。D项“中国科幻小说也进入并席卷了西方”将上文提到的科幻小说过渡到中国科幻小说,同时引领下文内容,起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
2.C 细节句。设空处下一句“Few works...taste for it.(翻译的作品很少。并且西方世界对此几乎没有兴趣)”与C项“在21世纪之前,中国科幻小说是较不出名的”意思一致,都在描述中国科幻小说兴起之前的历史。故选C项。
3.G 细节句。上文“Movies...became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.(电影、俱乐部、杂志、社团和社区都围绕着这一类型形成,并在中国读者中越来越受欢迎)”和G项“这为它最终被西方读者所了解奠定了基础”形成内容上的承接,指出了中国科幻小说先在国内繁荣,后被西方接受的发展过程。故选G项。
4.B 细节句。上文谈到《三体》是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说,B项“该书于2014年出版,取得了巨大成功”是对英文翻译版的介绍,承接上文内容。故选B项。
5.F 细节句。上文“The subgenre...beliefs.(该亚体裁由于使用了许多文化和传统物品、词语、地点和信仰而独特)”和F项“这使得中国科幻小说成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析”构成因果关系,即正是由于使用了这些具有代表性和独特性的东西,中国科幻小说才能成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.grow in popularity开始流行 2.take root扎根;深入人心 3.in between在……中间
4.make one’s way to前往 5.ups and downs 兴衰;浮沉
6.analysis n.分析 7.lay the foundation for...为……打下基础
【差距词汇】 go to adj.征询意见的,寻求协助的
长难句
原句 Chinese sci fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel to be translated into English.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句,“the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel”是The Three Body Problem的同位语。“to be translated into English”为后置定语,修饰contemporary Chinese sci fi novel。
译文 中国科幻小说被全世界认可主要是由于刘宇昆,他翻译了《三体》,这是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说。
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2024人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My head still lifted with (尊严), I tried to fight back the tears.
2.Every month Mr. Blank sets aside 100 dollars out of his (薪水)for his old age.
3.If the science f is translated into English, it will be popular around the world.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.She dismissed the guests, saying that she wasn’t feeling well.词义:
2.Faced with difficulties, she learnt how to dismiss her fears and gain success.词义:
3.Because of a lack of funds, the project was stopped.Then the team was dismissed and she was dismissed from her post.词义1: 词义2:
4.The boss dismissed the idea with a firm shake of his head.词义:
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The editor felt (guilt) about not publishing your article in the latest issue.
2.Please make a written (declare) of all the goods you bought abroad.
3.His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was dismissed his post frequent absence.
4.I told her that I might have something that belonged to her and made an (appoint) with her.
5. Because of the present crisis, it is absurd (imagine) that the recovery will be quick and easy.
6.The look on his face suggested he (be) unhappy, so I suggested he (go) camping with us.
7.The match had just begun when the heavens opened, so the match (suspend).
Ⅳ.选词填空
test out;more like;or rather;in contrast
To help the old people, a new household robot is being 1. in the lab. 2. , it is superior to the former generations of robots. It is 3. a human than an unconscious machine—even its skin is soft, 4. , warm as well as soft.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.社交机器人更像是同伴,而不是工具。
Social robots are much companions tools.
2.他转过身,看到树下站着一个陌生人。(完全倒装)
He turned around and saw under the tree.(读后续写—动作描写)
3.他们告了别,不知道他们再也不会见面了。(be to do结构)
They said goodbye,not knowing that they again.
4.尽管有些孩子确实没有礼貌,但禁止并不是教育他们的正确方法。(让步状语从句)
bad manners, banning is not a right way to teach them.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
A household robot called Tony was to be tested out in Larry’s house.Though Claire, Larry’s wife, didn’t like 1 idea in the beginning, she was persuaded to let the robot 2 (company) her while her husband was away on a business trip. The robot looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair. Though his facial 3 (express) never changed, the robot was 4 (gift)with a charming deep voice. At the sight of Tony, Claire felt alarmed because he seemed 5 (much) like a human than a machine. So when Tony offered to help her get dressed, Claire felt more than embarrassed.
However, Tony gradually won Claire’s trust. He took good care of Claire and even managed to rescue her 6 she fell off the ladder. He also helped Claire realize her dream by 7 (make) her home elegant, giving her a new haircut and improving her makeup. He advised her to throw a party and expected all the guests who 8 (invite) would be filled with admiration when they saw her house was 9 (complete) transformed. And Tony said he was so attached 10 her that he was unwilling to leave her.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2023湖南衡阳八中期中)
The Wandering EarthⅡ, a science fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science fiction writers, both in China and overseas. Among them, John Gribbin, a UK science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that’s what makes science fiction prosper.
“It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them,” he says. “This is a bit like music. Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view. “The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs. This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.”
Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imaginary technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, for example, what arouses most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible. If it were possible, what materials would be used
For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science. He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity. Who knows who will emerge as an engineer for such an elevator in 50 years’ time ”
Impressed by the progress of science related industries in China, Gribbin says that “it is going from strength to strength” and that “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and the Chinese people are naturally interested in the developments.”
1.What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to Paragraph 1
A.The charm of science.
B.The attraction of literature.
C.The popularity of the film.
D.The development of science education.
2.Why does the author mention the music in Paragraph 2
A.To stress music is necessary in science.
B.To tell readers why music appreciation is important.
C.To show the relationship between music and science.
D.To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge.
3.Which is the function of the “space elevator” in The Wandering EarthⅡ
A.It helps control the rocket.
B.It sends astronauts into space.
C.It enables astronauts to walk in space.
D.It maintains astronauts’ safety in space.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A.Putting Science into Fiction
B.Fiction Gaining in Popularity
C.Science Planting Seeds of Hope
D.A Leading Country for Scientific Research
B
(2023浙江宁波慈溪中学月考)
Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the numerous questions from students in the online class. Professor Goel already had 8 teaching assistants,whereas that wasn’t enough to deal with the huge number of questions from students.
Many students drop out of online courses for lack of teaching support. When students feel confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation for continuing begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to change this situation by creating a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her on the online forum. At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team searched the online discussion forum to find all 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class started. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustment, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with artificial intelligence but couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being—it was more like a human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students turned out to be very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all questions raised by students. The name, Jill Watson will of course, change to something else next term. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of AI than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.
5.Why did Professor Goel create a virtual teaching assistant
A.Because his course was not interesting enough.
B.Because he felt confused about how to teach online.
C.Because students’ questions were too many to handle.
D.Because his students were unsatisfied with the human assistants.
6.What do we learn about Jill Watson
A.She turned out to be a great success.
B.She was unwelcome at first.
C.Her true identity is still secret from students.
D.Her name will be kept for the next virtual assistant.
7.What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson
A.Replace her with different versions.
B.Enable her to answer more questions.
C.Recommend her to some famous people.
D.Equip her with new questions and answers.
8.What’s the main idea of the text
A.A robot named Jill Watson gives an online course.
B.Robots will take humans’ place in online classes in the future.
C.A virtual teaching assistant is getting popular among the students.
D.A virtual teaching assistant helps solve online questions in large quantities.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2023安徽合肥联考)
Science fiction, or sci fi, with more themes related to environmental issues, overpopulation, and technological growth, has explosively grown in popularity since the beginning of the 21st century. 1
Some Chinese Sci Fi History
2 Few works were translated. And the Western world had little to no taste for it.
The history of Chinese sci fi is extensive,whereas the modern genre first took root during the 1900s. Authors such as Lu Xun promoted sci fi’s early development in China and translated multiple Western stories like Jules Verne’s From the Earth to the Moon. From the 1970s, China began its own golden age of science fiction. Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers. 3
Its Entry into the West
Chinese sci fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel to be translated into English. 4 Chinese sci fi’s introduction into the West began with this novel, and it couldn’t have been given a better international debut (首次亮相). Liu has become a go to source for Chinese authors having an urge to seek international audiences.
What Makes Chinese Sci Fi Distinctive
The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs. 5 The stories are also different because many modern Chinese sci fi authors are heavily affected by the events of the 20th century. Their perspectives and ideas on morals, ethics, politics, science and anything in between come from standpoints previously unknown to Western readers.
A.He is a writer, translator and computer scientist.
B.Published in 2014, it proved to be a huge success.
C.Before the 2000s, Chinese sci fi was lesser known.
D.Chinese sci fi also made its way to the West and took the West by storm.
E.Similar to Western sci fi, it has experienced ups and downs.
F.This makes Chinese sci fi a cultural and historical analysis of China.
G.This laid the foundation for its eventual introduction to Western readers.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.dignity 2.salary 3.fiction
Ⅱ.1.让某人离开 句意:她说自己身体不舒服,把客人打发走了。
2.消除 句意:面对困难,她学会了如何消除恐惧,获得成功。
3.解散;解雇 句意:由于缺乏资金,这个项目被叫停了。然后团队被解散,她也被免职了。
4.不予考虑,摒弃 句意:老板坚定地摇了摇头,否定了那个想法。
Ⅲ.1.guilty 考查形容词。 设空处位于系动词felt后,作表语,应用形容词,故填guilty。句意:编辑为没有在最新一期上发表你的文章而感到内疚。
2.declaration 考查名词。结合空前的a written及空后的介词of可知此空应填入单数名词,故填declaration。句意:请写一个你在国外购买的全部商品的书面申报单。
3.from;for 考查介词。句意:他母亲病了,更糟的是,他自己也因经常缺勤而被解雇了。dismiss sb. from his/her post for...意为“因……解雇某人”,此处为其被动语态sb.+be dismissed from his/her post for...。
4.appointment 考查名词。make an appointment with sb.意为“和某人约定”。故填appointment。句意:我告诉她,我可能有属于她的东西,并和她约好了。
5.to imagine 考查不定式。 此处是“it is+adj.+to do sth.”句型,其中it为形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。故填to imagine。句意:由于目前的危机,认为复苏会快速且容易是荒谬的。
6.was;go 考查suggest后宾语从句的谓语动词形式。句意:他脸上的表情表明他不高兴,所以我建议他和我们一起去野营。第一个suggested意为“表明;显示”,后面的宾语从句用陈述语气,从句时态受主句时态的影响,故填was;第二个suggested意为“建议”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”结构,其中should可以省略,故填go。
易错归因 本题第二空学生容易受he的影响填goes,或受suggested的影响填went。要注意suggest后接宾语从句时,要根据表达的意义首先确定是否使用虚拟语气。
7.was suspended 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:比赛刚刚开始就下起了倾盆大雨,所以比赛暂停了。本句为so连接的并列复合句,后面的分句中the match为主语,所以设空处为谓语,根据语境可知这里讲的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且the match与suspend之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,the match为单数意义,故填was suspended。
Ⅳ.1.tested out 2.In contrast 3.more like 4.or rather
Ⅴ.1.more like;than 2.there stood a stranger 3.were never to meet 4.Even though/if some kids/children do have
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.the 考查冠词。句意:虽然拉里的妻子克莱尔一开始不喜欢这个主意,但她还是被说服在她的丈夫出差期间让这个机器人陪伴她。“这个主意”在上文出现了(即第一句话),所以设空处表特指,应使用定冠词the。
2.accompany 考查动词。句意同上。let sb./sth. do sth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”,此处应填动词,所给词company为名词,意为“陪伴”,其动词形式为accompany。故填accompany。
3.expression 考查名词。句意:虽然这个机器人的面部表情从未改变,但他有迷人的低沉的嗓音。从句缺少主语,且设空处被形容词facial修饰,所以填名词expression。
4.gifted 考查形容词。be gifted with...意为“具有……(令人愉快的东西)”。
5.more 考查比较级。句意:克莱尔一看到托尼就感到恐慌,因为他看起来更像是一个人而不是一台机器。根据后面的than判断设空处填比较级形式。more like意为“更像是”。
6.when 考查连词。这里指当她从梯子上摔下来时,他成功地救了她,故用连词when表示“当……的时候”。
7.making 考查动名词。介词by后面接动名词作宾语,表示“通过做某事”。by后面有and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语。
8.were invited 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他建议她举办一个聚会,期待所有被邀请的客人看到她的房子被彻底改变时都会充满羡慕。根据句意可知此处应该用被动语态,who代替guests在从句中作主语,为复数概念,且此处介绍过去发生的事情,所以填were invited。
9.completely 考查副词。句意同上。修饰was transformed应该用副词形式。故填completely。
10.to 考查介词。句意:托尼说他非常依恋她,以至于他不愿意离开她。be attached to意为“喜欢……;依恋……”。故填to。
Ⅱ.A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学教育与科幻小说的关系进行了阐释。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是科幻小说繁荣的原因。”可知,科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D。
2.D 推理判断题。第二段第一句提到了解科学的基本原理非常重要。后面接着提到了这有点像音乐,阐述了懂一点音乐对于音乐欣赏的作用。由此可推知,第二段是以对音乐的欣赏为例说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“例如,在最近的一部中,引起公众最多的激烈讨论的是‘太空电梯’,它使航天员乘坐电梯而不是火箭完成他们的太空之旅。”可知,太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B。
4.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“其中,英国科学作家约翰·格里宾高度评价了中国不断发展的科学教育,并表示那是科幻小说繁荣的原因。”点出了科学教育与科幻小说繁荣之间的关系,后面几段展开具体论证了这种关系。由此可知,A项“把科学融入小说”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.speak highly of高度赞扬/评价
2.fundamental n.基本原理adj.基本的;十分重大的
3.episode n.一集,一节 4.emerge v.出现;露出
5.leading adj.领先的;一流的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。佐治亚理工学院的Ashok Goel教授开发了一个人工智能教学助手,以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,Ashok Goel教授开发了一个人工智能教学助手,以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。 Goel教授已经有8个教学助手了,但这不足以处理来自学生的大量问题。由此可知,由于学生的问题太多,Goel教授创建了一个虚拟的教学助手。故选C。
6.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知Jill回答学生问题的正确率达到了97%。这个虚拟助手变得如此先进和务实,以至于学生们都不知道它是一台电脑。研究人工智能的学生在与人工智能进行交互时无法将其与真人区分开来,结果学生们对这次经历非常乐观。由此可推断出, Jill Watson获得了巨大的成功。故选A。
7.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知Goel教授的虚拟助手明年的目标是回答学生提出的40%的问题。由此可知,Goel教授接下来计划使Jill Watson能够回答更多的问题。故选B。
8.D 主旨大意题。本文结构如下:
Paras. 1,2 Para. 3 Para. 4
开发人工智
能教学助手
的原因→Goel和他的团
队的开发经过
以及学生的反应→这个虚拟助
手未来的发
展方向
由此推断,文章主要内容为虚拟助教被开发以辅助教学,帮助学生解答大量的在线问题。故选D。
易错归因 本题学生容易犯“过度引申”的错误,误选C项。虽然文章第三段最后一句“The students turned out to be very positive about the experience.”提到学生对这种体验很喜欢,但虚拟教学助手变得流行并未在文中提及。文章主要讲的是一个人工智能教学助手被开发出来以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的问题。
【高频词汇】 1.intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的
2.assistant n.助手 3.handle v.处理,应对 4.drop out of 退出 5.for lack of...由于缺乏…… 6.motivation n.动力 7.fade v.减弱;逐渐消失 8.adjustment n.调整
9.tell...apart from...区分……和……
【熟词生义】 1.rosy adj.乐观的,美好的 2.say v.比方说
长难句
原句 Professor Goel decided to change this situation by creating a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。“by creating a virtual assistant”为方式状语,named Jill Watson为后置定语,修饰virtual assistant,which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰a virtual assistant。
译文 Goel教授决定通过创建一个名为Jill Watson的虚拟助手来改变这种情况,该虚拟助手基于IBM Watson平台。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科幻小说的发展历史、进入西方世界的原因及中国科幻小说的独特魅力。
1.D 过渡句。设空处上文谈到科幻小说在21世纪初期迎来了爆发式增长。再根据下文的三个小标题“一些中国科幻小说史”、“它进入西方”、“是什么让中国科幻小说与众不同”可知,本文讲述的是中国科幻小说的相关内容。D项“中国科幻小说也进入并席卷了西方”将上文提到的科幻小说过渡到中国科幻小说,同时引领下文内容,起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
2.C 细节句。设空处下一句“Few works...taste for it.(翻译的作品很少。并且西方世界对此几乎没有兴趣)”与C项“在21世纪之前,中国科幻小说是较不出名的”意思一致,都在描述中国科幻小说兴起之前的历史。故选C项。
3.G 细节句。上文“Movies...became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.(电影、俱乐部、杂志、社团和社区都围绕着这一类型形成,并在中国读者中越来越受欢迎)”和G项“这为它最终被西方读者所了解奠定了基础”形成内容上的承接,指出了中国科幻小说先在国内繁荣,后被西方接受的发展过程。故选G项。
4.B 细节句。上文谈到《三体》是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说,B项“该书于2014年出版,取得了巨大成功”是对英文翻译版的介绍,承接上文内容。故选B项。
5.F 细节句。上文“The subgenre...beliefs.(该亚体裁由于使用了许多文化和传统物品、词语、地点和信仰而独特)”和F项“这使得中国科幻小说成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析”构成因果关系,即正是由于使用了这些具有代表性和独特性的东西,中国科幻小说才能成为对中国的文化和历史的一种分析。故选F项。
【高频词汇】 1.grow in popularity开始流行 2.take root扎根;深入人心 3.in between在……中间
4.make one’s way to前往 5.ups and downs 兴衰;浮沉
6.analysis n.分析 7.lay the foundation for...为……打下基础
【差距词汇】 go to adj.征询意见的,寻求协助的
长难句
原句 Chinese sci fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel to be translated into English.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句,“the first contemporary Chinese sci fi novel”是The Three Body Problem的同位语。“to be translated into English”为后置定语,修饰contemporary Chinese sci fi novel。
译文 中国科幻小说被全世界认可主要是由于刘宇昆,他翻译了《三体》,这是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说。
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