English around the world(二)
本讲目标
语法精讲
祈使句的直接引语和间接引语
“Do (Don’t do) ”
ask/tell/order/ command+sb. +(not) to do sth.
变人称：一主二宾三不变
直接引语“祈使句”
The officer said to him, “Don’t leave your post.”
间接引语
The officer ordered him not to leave his post.
Let’s开头的祈使句 sb. suggest doing /that sb. (should) do…
直接引语“祈使句”
I said to him, “Let’s start at once.”
间接引语
I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.
I suggested starting at once to him.
题一：
“Please close the window,” he said to me.
→He ______ me _____ the window.
A. said to; to close B. told to; closing
C. asked; to close D. said to; please close
He said, “Don’t do that again.”
→He _____ me _______ that again.
A. said to; not to do B. said to; don’t do
C. told; don’t do D. told; not to do
“Don’t put it on my hat.” his wife said to him.
His wife told him ___ put it on ___ hat.
A. don’t; hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. don’t; her C. not to; his D. not to; her
能力提升与拓展
题二：
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudy by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ound the younger people learnt a second language, the greater the effect was.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density(密度)in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading，writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world.” explained the scientists.
1. In the second ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to________.
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language
C. show the imp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ortance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
2. We may know from the scientific findings that ________.
A. the earlier ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
B. there is no di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fference between a later second language learner and one knowing a second language
C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brain
D. the ability of le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arning a second language is changing all the time
3. In the last t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wo paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that ________.
A. learning a second language is the same as studying maths
B. early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in study other subjects
C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D. you’d better cho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language
4. The main subject talked about in this passage is________.
A. science on learning a second language
B. man’s ability of learning a second language
C. language can help brain power
D. language learning and maths study
5. How does the writer make us believe the new findings
A. By telling us an interesting story.
B. By interviewing some researchers.
C. By showing the results of the research.
D. By giving the answers to the questions.
文化拓展
English around the world(二)
讲义参考答案
语法精讲
题一：C；D；D
能力提升与拓展
题二：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. CTravel Journal（一）
Ever since midd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a
great bike trip.
题一：
仿句:他梦想着有一天为自己工作。
It is my sister who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
题二：
— Who is making so much noise in the garden
— ______ the children who _____ doing that.
A. It is, are B. They are, is
C. That is, is D. There are, are
题三：
It was because o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f bad weather ___ the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that
C. why D. that
题四：
It was seven o’clock last night ______ he came back home.
A. that B. which
C. when D. /
Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.
题五：
Most of holiday flights depart and arrive___.
A. on schedule B. ahead of schedule
C. in schedule D. to schedule
Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.
题六：
I insisted that a doctor __ immediately.
A. has been sent for B. sent for
C. will be sent for D. be sent for
题七：
Little Tony’s mother insisted _____ him to school.
A. sending B. to sent
C. on sending D. send
题八：
Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn’t stolen B. shouldn’t steal
C. doesn’t steal D. steal
My sister doesn’t care about details.
题九：
care about VS care for
1. I don’t ______ what others think.
2. She doesn’t ______ skating.
3. I wonder whether they will help to______ our baby while we are away.
4. The captain ______ the safety of the crew.
She gave me a determined look – the kind that she wouldn’t change her mind.
题十：
______ to train his daughter in English, he _______ to put an ad like this in the paper.
A. Determined, is determined
B. Determined, determined
C. Determines, determines
D. Determining, is determined
Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
1. Once the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecision is made, the most important thing to do is how to carry it out.
2. My father had once been a heavy and strong man.
3. I go swimming once a week.
4. Please come and help at once.
Finally, I had to give in.
题十一：
give out, give in（to）,give up, give away
1. After the long trip, both the men and the horses ________.
2. Because of his small salary, he had to _______ his dream trip to Europe.
3. Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to ________ my view.
4. He _________ most of his fortune to the poor.
5. Please keep the secret, don’t ____ it _____.
Travel Journal（一）
讲义参考答案
题一：He dreams about/of working for himself one day.
题二：A
题三：D
题四：C
题五：A
题六：D
题七：C
题八：A
题九：care about; care for; care for; care about
题十：B
题十一：gave out; give up; give in (to); gave away; give; awayEarthquakes(一)
本讲目标
…the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
题一：
The moment they heard the joke, all of them _______ laughing.
A. burst out B. burst into C. burst with D. burst up
It seemed as if the world was at an end.
题二：
仿句：看起来好像要下雨。
It seems _______________.
It seems_________________________.
It seems _______________________________.
题三：
When a pencil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _________.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
题四：
at the end, by the end, in the end
1. His father will return home _________ this year.
2. He will be a scientist __________.
3. How many English words had you learned ____________ last term
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
规则的“撒谎”，lie--_____--______
不规则的“躺”， lie--_____--______
躺过就“下蛋”, 累得出了汗。lay--_____--_____
题五：
Tina _______ under the tree_______ to her mother that the cock _______ eggs.
A. lying, lied, lay B. lain, lied, laid C. lying, lied, laid D. lain, lied, lay
题六：
用ruin, damage, destroy 填空。
1. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _________.
2. He ______ his girl friend’s prospects.
3. Soft wood ________ easily.
Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.
题七：
请根据提示完成下列句子。
1. ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ____ (be) girls.
2. __________ (五分之三) o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night.
3. ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company.
4. ______ (百分之三十的) of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the lecture he made yesterday ______ (be) interesting.
题八：
用injure; hurt; wound的适当形式填空。
1. His words ______her feelings.
2. It ______the eyes to read in the sun.
3. More than 200 people were _________in the car accident.
4. The soldiers were __________in the battle.
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
Trap
题九：
根据括号内的提示完成句子。
1. I knew perfectly well _____________ (这是一个陷阱).
2. By clever question ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing, they ______________ (诱使他) making an agreement.
辨析词义
1. The dog buried the bone in the ground.
2. I buried myself in my studies.
3. Upset and annoyed, I buried myself in my room.
For three days the water in the village wells rose
and fell, rose and fell.
rise--_____________--___________
词义辨析
1. Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.
2. He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.
3. Prices continue to rise.
题十：
用rise与raise的适当形式填空。
1. The price of tomatoes has _________ recently.
2. The price of the tomatoes has been ______ recently.
3. He _________ the child from the ground.
4. The child ____from the ground and ran to his mother.
Earthquakes(一)
讲义参考答案
本讲目标
题一：A
题二： to rain；as if it is going to rain；that it is going to rain
题三：C
题四：1. at the end of 2. in the end 3. by the end of
题五：C
题六：1. destroyed 2. ruins 3. damages
题七：1. One-third 2. Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ree-fifths; was washed 3. Half; are made 4. 30 percent; was
题八：1. hurt 2. hurts 3. injured 4. wounded
题九：1. it was a trap 2. trapped him into
题十：1. risen 2. raised 3. raised 4. roseEnglish around the world(一)
本讲目标
Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world
题一：
—I’m ______ happy to take you there in my car.
—You are so nice. Thank you.
A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than
More than one girl ____ late for class this morning.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
Later in the ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xt century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world …
题二：
请用名词travel, journey, trip和voyage填空。
1. Air __________ is becoming cheaper.
2. They planned to ___________across the Pacific Ocean.
3. Lily had a long and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) difficult ___________ through the mountains last year.
4. The kids are going on a ___________ to the castle.
Native Englis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
题三：
用if, as if, even if填空。
1. _________ I had money, I wouldn’t buy it.
2. _______ I had money, I would buy it.
3. It looks __________ it is going to rain.
American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment.
1. A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.
2. The sun comes up in the east.
3. New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
4. The problem came up in the meeting.
题四：
I was about to give up when I ____ a good idea.
A. came about B. came out
C. put up with D. came up with
It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
题五：
_______ a real story, the film will be popular with many people.
A. Basing on B. Based on
C. To base on D. Base on
题六：
All the people _____ at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
They ___a sum of money ___the college in memory of their son.
A. gave; for B. offered; with
C. presented; to D. presented; with
…Shakespeare ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
题七：
The money collecte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d should be made good use_________ the people in South Asia who suffered a lot in the earthquake and the tsunami (海啸).
A. of helping B. to help C. to helping D. of to help
The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.
题八：
Here are Daphne and David; _____ is my brother.
A. the later B. later C. the latter D. latter
India has a very large number of fluent English speakers…
题九：
___ students went to England with me this summer.
A. A great deal of B. The number of
C. A lot D. A large number of
The number of teachers in our school ______ fast.
A. is increasing B. are increasing
C. increase D. have increased
However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
题十：
I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
Although many Americ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ans move a lot, they still recognize each other’s dialects.
题十一：
Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles.
A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized
English around the world(一)
讲义参考答案
题一：C；C 题二：trav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el；voyage；journey；trip 题三：1. Even if 2. If 3. as if
题四：D 题五：B 题六：A；C 题七：D 题八：C 题九：D；A 题十：A 题十一：DEarthquakes(二)
重点语法剖析
定语从句（形容词性从句）
考点：关系词的选择
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词：when, where
关系代词 指代对象 在从句中的成分
人 物 主语 宾语 定语
who(whom) √ √ √
which √ √ √
that √ √ √ √
whose √ √ √
难点一：只能用that的情况
口诀：两代限形特疑序，还有这那和表语。
难点二：不能使用that的情况
①逗号；
②介词（介词+ which或whom）；
③先行词是one(s),anyone, someone, those等的指代人
的不定代词时，关系词使用who/whom。
难点三：关系词的省略
关系词在从句中作宾语可省略。
解题思路：
准确划出从句
找出先行词，确定引导词范围
分析从句成分（还原法）
题一：
填入适当的关系词。
1. The foreigner ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _________ visited our class yesterday is from Canada.
2. The person to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________ you just talked is Mr. Li.
3. Mr. Brown is the man_______ house caught fire last night.
4. This is the best play _______was written by Jack.
5. Football, _______ is an interesting game, is played all over the world.
题二：
Women ___ drink mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having
heart disease than those ___ don’t.
A. who;/ B. /; who C. who; who D. /;/
题三：
Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ___ roof is under repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. that
题四：
Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
Is this museum_____ you visited the other day
A. that B. which C. the one D. 不填
造定从：1. 找 2. 删 3. 补 4. 追
The woman is here now. You were talking about her.
能力提升与拓展
题五：
An earthquake happens when two plates rub (碰撞) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move.
It is an earthquake. In other words, earth-quakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (释放).
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many in-juries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely
populated now. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually, there are several million small earth-quakes every year. Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, cause millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earth-quakes around the world — including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor (小震). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
1. Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. An earthquake comes from inside the earth.
B. The earth has great energy in storage.
C. How the earth plates move.
D. How an earthquake happens.
2. How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
3. Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people
A. The 1964 Alaskan quake.
B. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.
C. The 1972 Managua earthquake.
D. The 1906 earthquake.
4. The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means ______.
A. causing too much heat and great damage
B. causing many injuries and much destruction
C. happening as a result of another event
D. happening suddenly and unexpectedly
动画短片欣赏 《Larva》之 Earthquake
Earthquakes(二)
讲义参考答案
重点语法剖析
题一：1. who/that 2. whom 3. whose 4. that 5. which
题二：C 题三：A 题四：A；C
能力提升与拓展
题五：1. D 2. B 3. B 4.Cfriendship（二）
重难点精讲
Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feeling and thoughts Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through.
go through
1. =experience; s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uffer经历，经受 1. He went through the hardest time with his wife.
2. 完成，做完 2. I’ve gone through much work so I want to rest.
3. 检查，仔细查看 3. The teacher has gone through all the papers.
4. 通过（考试、议案） 4. He has gone through the end-of-term exam.
题一：
The police _____ the building hoping to catch the chief.
A. looked for B. searched for C. found out D. went through
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
I wonder 表示“我想知道”时，后面一般不跟that引导的从句。
I wonder whether/ if …
I wonder 疑问代词…
I wonder what I should buy for his birthday.
题二：
I wonder what I should buy for his birthday.
[仿写] ___________________________________（我想知道你是不是在7点钟开始工作。）
…for example, on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven
in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
on purpose 故意地，特意地
They have come here on purpose to see you．
She broke the vase on purpose．
Purpose：n.目的
for the purpose of 为了…目的
He came here for the purpose of borrowing money.
反义词组：
by chance/accident 偶然地、意外地
I met this cat by chance.
The discovery was made almost by accident.
happen to 碰巧、恰好
We happen to hold the same view.
in order to 为了(做什么事)
He works very hard in order to go to his dreaming university.
in order to =so as to 为了…（+V原）
in order that=so that 为了… (+从句)
题三：
1. He got up early ____________catch the first bus.
2. He got up early ____________he could catch the first bus.
The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
Power 力量，威力，权力，做事或行动的能力
1. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
2. Come into power 开始执政，开始掌权
3. Power station 发电厂 （power ：电力的）
4. Powerful adj. 强有力的，有权力的
题四：
A powerful and independent nation must have strong armed _____.
A. force B. energy C. strength D. power
题五：
Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your ________ to resolve it.
A. energy B. power C. strength D. force
题六：
He pushed the big rock aside with all his ____.
A. energy B. power C. strength D. force
Sentences
While walking the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )og, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
= While you walke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
状语从句省略形式 当主、从句主语一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )致时, 从句可以用省略形式, 即引导词+doing（主动语态）或done（被动语态）。另外，when, if, unless 也有这个用法。
题七：
If the washing mach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ine is repaired, the washing machine is of great use.
=_____________________, the washing machine is of great use.
题八：
There are so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me health problems that, when ______in time, can become bigger ones later on.
A. not treated B. not treating
C. not to be treated D. not having been treated
It/This was the first / second …time that +主语+had done. 意为“某人第几次做某事”
It was the first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
题九：
1. It was the second time that I _______ to the Great Wall.
A. have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had been C. went D. have gone
2. It is the third time that I _______ in at his office
A. have dropped ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had dropped C. dropped D. was dropping
强调句:
结构：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + that/who+其他
It’s because I h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
I’ve grown so cra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )zy about everything to do with nature, because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long.
仿照造句
Tom lost his watch on the playground yesterday.
强调主语
强调宾语
强调地点
强调时间
题十：
1. It was five o’clock _____ the fire broke out.
A. when B. which C. that D. in which
2. It was at five o’clock _____ the fire broke out.
A. when B. which C. that D. in which
friendship（二）
讲义参考答案
重难点精讲
题一：D 题二：I wonder if/whether you start to work at 7 o’clock.
题三：1. in orde ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r to/so as to 2. in order that/so that 题四：A 题五：B 题六：C
题七：If repaired, the washing machine is of great use. 题八：A 题九：1.B 2. A 题十：1. A 2. CNelson Mandela-a modern (一)
本讲目标
What qualities does a great person have
mean adj. v.
means n.
题一：
In some parts of Lond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
devoted adj.
devote vt.
题二：
仿句
1. 他专心于学问。
____________________________________________.
2. 他浪费了大把时间玩电脑游戏。
_____________________________________.
3. Which sentence is incorrect
A. He devoted himself to the work of children’s health care.
B. He is devoted to his work.
C. He devoted all his life to working hard in people’s interests.
D. He is devoted to make more money for his family.
He fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War Ⅱ.
fight for the weak against the strong
fight for peace/motherland/love/freedom
fight against unfairness/hunger/difficulty
He founded the firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t Republic in China in 1911 after many years’ fighting.
题三：
Eton College _______ by Henry VI in 1440.
A. was existed B. was found
C. was invented D. was founded
…and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
类似的表达
out of breath上气不接下气
out of patience不耐烦
out of use 没用了
out of control 失控了
out of danger脱离危险了
out of sight 看不见了
The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
题四：
There are six________ in solving a problem. First the person must recognize that there is a problem. Next the person must look for the information helpful to solve the problem…
A. ways B. conditions C. stages D. orders
We chose to attack the laws.
题五：
Most Japanese cities were ________ attack from the American army at that time.
A. below B. in C. at D. under
The hungry boy _______ his dinner as soon as it was served.
A. threw B. stole C. attacked D. caught
猜一猜：
The death of the actor is due to a heart attack.
…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
题六：
______ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal
题七：
There is no one else _____, is there
A. to who she can turn B. whom she can turn
C. for whom she can turn D. to whom she can turn
The scientist from wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om the government heard the bad news never lost heart when he was in trouble.
题八：
Whenever we are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in ________, we must never lose _____, but try to think of the way out.
A. the trouble; our heart B. troubles; hearts
C. trouble; heart D. trouble; our heart
I did not work a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gain for twenty years until Mr. Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.
类似表达
开始被使用：come into use
开始出现：come into use being
开始生效：come into use effect
They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the blacks.
题九：
The young man won the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )best actor _____ after he played a brave policeman in the film.
A. reward B. award C. pay D. quality
1962:sentenced to five years hard labour for encouraging violence against anti-black laws.
题十：
In 1998, when he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was only 19, Bill _____ 5 years in prison for his acts of violence.
A. sentenced for B. had sentenced to
C. was sentenced to D. had been sentenced to
Nelson Mandela-a modern (一)
讲义参考答案
本讲目标
题一：A
题二：1. He devoted himself to studying.
2. He devoted a lot of time to computer games/playing computer games.
3. D
题三：D 题四：C 题五：D.；C 题六：C 题七：D 题八：C 题九： B 题十： CUnit 3 Travel journal（二）
重难点精讲
现在进行时：
1. 此时此刻正在
2. 现阶段一直
3. 表将来
4. 有感彩的经常
用现在进行时表示将来
确切的计划
明确的意图
为将来安排好的活动
题一：
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly recently.
A. will change B. has changed
C. will have changed D. is changing
题二：
—I’m going to the States
—How long ___ you ___ in the States
A. are; stayed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B. are; staying C. have; stayed D. did; stay
题三：
I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken
题四：
— You’ve left the light on.
— Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.
A. I go B. I’ve gone C. I’ll go D. I’m going
题五：
— Is this raincoat yours
— No, mine ____ there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
题六：
Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
A. has closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down
题七：
— Are you still busy
— Yes, I ___ my work, and it won’t take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
题八：
— Do you like the material
— Yes, it ____ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
题九：
I really can’t understand why the couple upstairs_________, making it impossible for me to focus on my study.
A. are always quarreling B. will quarrel
C. quarreled D. have quarreled
能力提升与拓展
Travel experience
1. Time, place & people
2. General introduction
3. Things they did
4. Feelings
Writing task
Time, place &
General introduction
feelings
Things you did
Greetings
表示时间顺序的词
First of all, then, after that, later, finally
in the early morning,
at noon,
in the afternoon,
in the late afternoon,
at dusk,
at night,
On the first day,
On the second day,
On the third day,
John,
How ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are you doing Last weekend, I visited …with… Now, I would
like to share our travel experience with you.
… is located in…/ … is the capital city of….
It is always famous for /as ….
We had really a great time there.
First of all, we visited…
Then,… we admired…
After that, we enjoyed
Finally, we attended …
In a word, … is a wonderful place and we really enjoyed ourselves
there. Though tired, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e were very happy because we learned a lot from
this journey….
Best regards,
Li Hua
题十：
Suppose you are Wang Kun and you are
writing a letter to your friend in China to tell
him/her what you see/hear/feel in Laos.
Time ：Last week
Destination ：Vientiane
the capital city of Laos
the biggest city in the country
with a long history and rich culture
Day1: Pha That Luang
It is praised/known ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) as the most famous golden stupa and the national symbol of Laos.
Day 2: Boating on the Mekong
have great fun and take photos/pictures
Day 3:
enjoy local food which is varied and tasty
Day 4:
swimming under the waterfall & mountain cycling
cool, clear blue
Sample Writing
Unit 3 Travel journal（二）
讲义参考答案
题一：D
题二：B
题三：A
题四：C
题五：A
题六：C
题七：B
题八：C
题九：A
题十：
Hello, Li Ming,
How are you doing As you know, last weekend I was cycling along the Mekong River with my sister. It's a hard journey for us but we finally reached Vientiane in Laos last week. As promised, I would like to share our travel experience in Laos with you.
Vientiane is the capital and largest city of Laos. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, it is always famous for a long history and rich culture.
On the first day, we got up very early in the morning. We cycled along the streets and visited Pha That Luang. It is the most famous gilded stupa and the national symbol of Laos. It’s extremely beautiful and mysterious at sunrise. On the second day, we went boating on the Mekong River and had great fun there. We took a lot of photos. We enjoyed kinds of local food on the third day and they are so delicious. On the fourth day, we cycled together to a big waterfall with clear blue water, where we had a refreshing swimming and then we climbed the mountain by
In a word, Laos is a very beautiful and traditional country. We really enjoyed ourselves there. Though tired, we were very happy because we learned a lot from this journey, which widens our eyes. We are ready for our next destination and will keep you updated.
Best regards,
Wang Kun（同步复习精讲辅导）北京市201 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4-2015学年高中英语 Unit5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero（二）讲义 新人教版必修1
本讲目标
语法精讲
Grammar：定语从句二
考点：
关系副词
介词+引导词
关系副词
Where：地点状语= 介词+which
When：时间状语=介词+which
Why：原因状语= for+which
试比较
1. I know a place where we can have a picnic.
I know a place ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.
2. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.
I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
3. This is the reason why he was late.
This is the reason that/which he explained to me for his being late.
关系代词前的介词选择
I tried my best to find out one to whom I could turn for help.
So far only two peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le have seen this house, neither of whom wants to buy it.
题一：
介词+关系代词填空。
Do you like the book __________ she spent 10$
2. Do you like the book _________ she learned a lot
3. Do you like the book ________ she often talks
4. There is a tall tree outside, ______ stands our Teacher.
5. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at skating.
题二：
If a shop has chairs ____women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
题三：
By nine o’cloc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _____appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) which C. from which D. above which
题四：
I will never forget ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the day _______ I came to my university and the day ______ I spent in a new city.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
题五：
He has three sons, all of _____ are teachers.
A. them B. who C. that D. whom
He has three sons, and all of _____ are teachers.
A. them B. who C. that D. whom
三步搞定英语写人文章
确定文章主题、题材、时态和人称
把握写人作文的结构
遣词用句巧表达
主题、题材、时态和人称
名人描写；身边的人；应（招）聘
背景、经历、事迹：一般过
议论，抒情：一般现（将来）
书写题材/简历：一或二人称
以事记人：三人称
把握写人作文的结构
Part 1 人物：总体印象、外貌、性格、教育背景、特长爱好
Part 2 事件：大致经历、一两个闪光点、时间、过程、结果
Part 3 感受
遣词用句巧表达
定从
非谓语
同位语
介词短语
钟南山1941年出生在广州，他是中国最伟大的医生之一。
Born in Guangzhou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in 1841, Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest doctors in China.
Zhong Nanshan, one of the greatest doctors in China, was born in GZ in 1941.
Zhong Nanshan, Who wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s born in China, is one of the greatest doctors in China.
他在中山大学主修英美文学，毕业后去国外深造并获得了博士学位。
Majoring in British a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd American Literature, he graduated from ZSU, he thereafter went abroad for further study and received a doctor’s degree.
我的英语老师是个漂亮的女人，身材矮小，长着两只大眼睛，戴着一副眼镜。
My English teacher, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a beautiful and short woman, has two big eyes and wears a pair of glasses.
My English teacher, who is beautiful and short, has two big eyes and wears a pair of glasses.
My English teacher, with two big eyes and a pair of glasses, is a beautiful short woman.
题六：
写作练习
国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国学生参加的“和平，友爱”夏令营活动，要求报名者提交英文个人简介。假设你是李华，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简介。
姓名：李华 性别：女
年龄：17岁 学校：北京红星中学
其他：爱好音乐，摄影, 多获得奖项
善于与人交流，乐于助人，热爱自然，热爱和平
参加夏令营的目的：结交朋友，了解外国文化
Nelson Mandela-a modern hero（二）
讲义参考答案
本讲目标
语法精讲
题一：1. on which 2. from which 3. about which 4. under which 5. to whom
题二：D
题三：D
题四：A
题五：D；A
题六：
I’m Li Hua, a gir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l of seventeen, presently attending Beijing Hong Xing Middle School. I like music, especially classical music. I’m also interested in photography, which allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life. Through my hobbies, I’ve made many friends. In fact, I like meeting new people and enjoy talking with them. Believing we all need help from each other, I appreciate friends’ help, and I’m willing to help anyone in need.
I love nature and p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eace, hating any form of violence. I would like to join the Peace & Friendship Summer Camp, which would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures.
It must be desirable to be a member of this camp. I will greatly appreciate it if I am chosen.Friendship(三)
Grammar 直接引语，间接引语
直接引语：引用对方的原话
间接引语：转述对方的话
一去冒号引号，加连接词
“陈述句”加that
“一般疑问句”加whether或if
“特殊疑问句”直接使用该特殊疑问词
直引变间引四步走
二变时态：主现从不变，主过从必过
一现→一过 现进→过进
现完→过完 将来→过将
一过→过完 过完→过完
三变语序：疑问变陈述，陈述则不变
四变人称：一主二宾三不变
“ I like to watch TV,” she said.
→ She said that she…
“Have you known this man ” he asked us.
→ He asked if / whether we…
“What are they doing at the moment ” he asked.
→ He asked me what they…
题一：
请将下列句子改写成为间接引语的形式。
1. He asked me, “Are you a student ”
2. “Have you got anything interesting I can read, George ” she asked.
3. The teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth.”
题二：
He asked, “Are you a Party member or a League member ”
→He asked me _________.
A. am I a Party member or a League member
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if I was a Party member or a League member
D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.
题三：
He asked, “ what’s wrong with you ”
→He asked me ________ with me.
A. what wrong is
B. what wrong was
C. what’s wrong
D. what was wrong
能力提升与拓展
Suppose you were Miss Wang, please write your advice to Xiaodong.
The letter from Xiao Dong
Dear Miss Wang，
I’m a student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from Huzhou Senior High School. I have a problem. I'm not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them. So I feel quite lonely sometimes. I do want to change this situation, but I don't know how. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.
Yours，
Xiao Dong
Outlining
Dear Xiao Dong,
I’m sorry you are h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aving trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you:
First, why not…
If you do this,…
Secondly, you should/can…
Then/That way,…
Thirdly, it would be a good idea if…
By doing this, …
I hope you will find ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) these ideas useful. I wish you make some good friends successfully as soon as possible.
Yours,
Miss Wang
2. Make a list of your ideas and reasons
ideas Why
1. smile at others 1. to show that you are friendly.
2. to be honest and often help others 2. to make people trust you
3. take an active part in discussions 3. to let others know you more
...... ......
Friendship(三)
讲义参考答案
题一：
1. He asked whether I was a student.
2. She asked Geor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge if he had got something interesting she could read.
3. The teacher said to us that the moon moves around the earth.”
题二：C
题三：D
能力提升与拓展
Dear Xiao Dong,
I’m sorry you are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you:
Firstly, why not smile at others as much as possible If you do this, you can show that you are friendly, and no one will refuse a smiling face. Secondly, you should be honest and often help others. That way, you will make people trust you and get closer to you. Thirdly, it would be a good idea if you take an active part in discussions. By doing this, you can express your own opinions, and at the same time, learn to listen to other people’s views.
I hope you will fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d these ideas useful. I wish you make some good friends successfully as soon as possible.
Yours,
Miss Wang
Structure
Structure
The topic sentence ( your point of view )
Body ( your advice)
conclusion
A letter to Xiaodong
Brainstorm:good advice to make people
1. If you are a new comer, think about
how to make friends with others
friendly and outgoing
care about others
listen to others
help others
smile
honest
take part in discussionsFriendship（一）
本讲目标
Are you good to your friend？Do the following survey.
Add up your score and see how many points you get.
题一：
All his schooling ______ no more than one year.
A. added up B. added up to C. added to D. added on
The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather _____ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A. added to B. added up C. added up to D. made up
题二：
There have been seve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ral new events _____ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
______ hunting animals and birds for food, Kooris gathered roots and nuts.
A. Because of B. Except
C. In addition D. In addition to
Your friend asks to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orrow your favorite camera. When he/she borrowed it last time, he/she broke and you had to get it repaired.
题三：
—— Excuse me, where is Room 301
——Just a minute. I’ll get Bob ____you to your room.
A. shown B. shows C. to show D. showing
—— Excuse me, where is Room 301
——Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.
A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing
Your friend comes to school very upset. The bell rings so you need to go to class. Will you ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down
题四：
Mary failed in the exam so she ________.
A. upset B. feel upset C. was upset D. was upsetting
I hope I haven’t said anything _________ you.(=get you ________)
A. upset `B. upsetted C. to upset D. upsetly
题五：
The ___ sea gave no hint of the storm that was coming.
A. still B. quiet C. silent D. calm
Please keep ___ while I take your photograph.
A. still B. quiet C. silent D. calm
This hospital lies in a ______street.
A. still B. quiet C. silent D. calm
He was ___ for a moment, and then began his answer.
A. still B. quiet C. silent D. calm
Tell your friend you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.
题六：
Tell your fri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )end you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.
_______, you can stay the whole summer.
A. Whoever it concerned B. As far as I’m concerned
C. As you are concerned D. Concerning you and me
This novel is conce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rned ____ the Second World War, while most teenagers are more concerned _____ the hero’s love story.
A. with; for B. with; with C. for; about D. about; with
You are taking yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur end-of-term exam. Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. You will tell him/she should have studied, so you don't let him/her look at your paper.
题七：
The weather turne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d out to be fine yesterday. I _________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
—The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables___.
A. wouldn’t die B. didn’t die
C. hadn’t died D. wouldn’t have died
Friendship（一）
讲义参考答案
题一：B；A 题二：D；D 题三：A；A 题四：C；C 题五：D；A；B；C 题六：B；A 题七：C；D
