2024届高考英语阅读单选方法课件(共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
阅读选择方法
课程目录
1. 篇章阅读题型分析
2. 篇章阅读的解题原则
3. 各题型解法
2021、2022、2023阅读考情分析
题型
分类
细节题
推断题
猜词题
态度题
主旨题
65%-75%
10%-15%
10%-15%
1%-2%
10%-15%
篇章阅读解题原则
先题后文
1. 读题确认题型
2. 在题干中找定位词和定位句
3. 根据定位句确定答案（词汇量+翻译能力）
注意：因果，转折， 比较， 并列，开头末尾
主旨大意题
分类
1）篇章主旨题
2）段落主旨题
篇章主旨题
1）What’s the main idea of this passage
3）What’s the best title for the passage
4）What’s the best headline for the passage
5）The author’s purpose of writing this
passage is _____
一、 出题形式
2）What is the passage mainly about
二、解题方法
1）首段
2）末段
3）各段开头
What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Night Milk and Sleep
B. Fat, Sugar and Health
C. An Experiment on Mice
D. Milk Drinking and Health
练习题
1)首段
A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off — if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin (褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.......
.......
练习题
What can be the title of the passage
A. The Need for Excitement
B. Interesting Bungee Jumping.
C. Dangerous Sports and Activities
D. Modern Life and Activities
练习题
2)末段
More and more people around the world are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course............
......
Nowadays, life offers little excitement. They live and work in safe conditions, they buy food in shops and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.
练习题
This passage is mainly about _____.
A. the Globe Theater
B. Theater in the 1500s
C. Shakespeare’s histories
D. Shakespeare’s life and work
练习题
3)各段开头
练习题
He lived in the 16th century. A few things,
but not really that many, are known about his life. And yet around the world the comment is unanimous: he was the greatest writer who ever lived. His name was William Shakespeare.
Shakespeare was born in 1564 in a little town
called Stratford-upon Avon. ...
Shakespeare wrote three kinds of plays: comedies, tragedies, and histories. ...
段落主旨题
1）What’s the main idea of this paragraph XXX
2）The paragraph XXX is mainly about _____.
3）The topic sentence of paragraph XXX is
一、出题形式
二、解题方法
1）段首
2）段尾
3）转折之后
The topic sentence of paragraph 2 is _____.
A. “Hemingway’s style of writing is striking”
B. “He is a master of the pause”
C. “He perfected the art of expressing emotion with
few words”
D. “Hemingway is a famous writer”
练习题
1)段首
Hemingway’s style of writing is striking. His sentences are short, his words are simple, yet they are often filled with emotion. A careful reading can show us, furthermore, that he is a master of the pause. That is, if we look closely, we see how the action of his stories continues during the silences, during the times his characters say nothing.
练习题
The second paragraph is mainly about
A.the danger the baby polar bears will face
B.the reason why polar bears are so popular
C.the causes of climate change
D.the effects of warming on polar bears
练习题
2)段尾
They'd better be. Arctic sea ice is declining fast, robbing the polar bear of its prime habitat and forcing them to swim longer and longer distances to reach solid ground . No other animal seems to be such a direct victim of warming, which is one reason why the polar bear has emerged as the symbol of climate change . ( Another is that they look so cute and cuddly . ) It’s a simple narrative to grasp :carbon warms the climate, Arctic sea ice melts and baby polar bears down.
练习题
The first paragraph is mostly devoted to the
discussion of _____.
A. Complex reasons that make people seem lazy
B. serious problems that lay people suffer from
C. other sorts of fantasies that may prevent work
D. great deals that people are busy planning
练习题
3)转折之后
Everyone knows that laziness is a sin. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wishes to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas stolen.
练习题
观点态度题
分类
1）全文态度题
2）局部态度题
全文态度题
1）The author’s view/opinion is _____.
2）What is the writer’s attitude
3）What is the tone/mood of the passage
一、出题形式
二、解题方法
1）首尾段
2）文章中感彩的词
3）积累感彩的词
The tone of the passage is _____.
A. cautious
B. careless
C. optimistic
D. pessimistic
练习题
Everyone knows that laziness is a sin. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life......
Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators, some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating(深思), researching......
练习题
局部态度题
1）What is the writer’s attitude towards...
一、出题形式
2）What is the XXX’s attitude towards...
二、解题方法
1) 定位某人某事
2）定位描述此人此事的句子
3）积累感彩的词
What’s the attitude of the critics towards school uniforms
A. Supportive.
B. Neutral.
C. Negative.
D. Indifferent.
练习题
The purpose of a school uniform is to promote team spirit, discipline and increase equality among all students. Though uniforms have intended to wipe out the discrimination in the weaker section, critics have a different story to say. According to them, uniforms have no such great effect on students. This standardized dress has not helped students remove any barriers and is adding costs to the parents.
练习题
补：表示态度类的词
表示积极的词
positive 积极的 supporting 支持的 approving 赞同的
optimistic 乐观的 concerned 关心的 impartial 公平的
表示消极的词
negative 否定的 disgusted 厌恶的 critical 批评的
disappointed 失望的 pessimistic 悲观的
doubtful 怀疑的 suspicious 怀疑的
补：表示态度类的词
表示中立的词
indifferent 漠不关心的 objective 客观的
neutral 中立的 cautious 小心的
其他
sympathetic 同情的
分类
1）猜词
2）猜代词
3）猜词组/句子
猜词猜句题
猜词题
1）The underlined word “....”means _____.
2）By saying “...”we mean _____.
3）The word “...”refers to/probably means _____.
一、出题形式
二、解题方法
1) 定位单词所在的句子及其前后句
2）利用上下文词语意义的互相联系猜测词义
3）利用文章中词与词的同义和反义关系猜测词义
4）利用文章中对词的定义猜测词义
5）利用文章中对词的举例及解释猜测词义
The word “intelligence” in Para.I.It can be best
understood as the ability to ________
A. speak
B. dance
C. learn
D. paint
练习题
利用上下文词语意义的互相联系猜测词义
Many people believe that teaching children music makes them smarter. But the researchers of a new study say there’s no scientific evidence that early musical training affects the intelligence of young people.
An estimated 80 percent of American adults think music lessons improve students’ ability to learn or their performance in school.
练习题
In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “dissolve” is
closest in meaning to _____.
A. change
B. flow
C. remove
D. freeze
练习题
利用文章中词与词的同义和反义关系猜测词义
Many ways of removing graffiti have been developed, such as paints that dissolve graffiti paint, or make it easy to munity groups and government departments often organize graffiti-removal teams.
It hardly makes sense to encourage artists to deface (丑化) private or public property; but perhaps there are ways to work with them rather than just oppose them. Graffiti artists can, for example, create murals (壁画) for property owners, and get paid for them.
练习题
The underlined word “deception” (Para. 7) is closest
in meaning to “________”.
A. dishonesty
B. suggestion
C. situation
D. failure
练习题
利用文章中对词的定义猜测词义
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might boast, “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
练习题
The word “bind” in Paragraph 5 means _____.
A. to wash away
B. to improve
C. to make soil stay together
D. to make wet
利用文章中对词的举例及解释猜测词义
练习题
This does not only mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even more serious: for where there are trees, their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and also bind the soil. This prevents the soil from being washed away. But where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow. When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert.
练习题
猜代词题
1）The underlined word “it/they/them”means _____.
2）By saying “it/they/them”we mean _____.
一、出题形式
二、解题方法
1）返回原文，定位相应代词
2）定位该词所在的句子以及上文
3）找到离的最近的名词/名词性短语/句子
4）将找到的词/句子替换代词 看意思是否通畅
5）将找到的词/句子与选项做对比
The underlined word “that” in the first paragraph
refers to _____.
A. laziness is immoral
B. laziness is wasteful
C. lazy people will never amount to anything in life
D. all of the above
练习题
Everyone knows that laziness is a sin. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasons than simple wishes to avoid work....
练习题
猜词组/句子题
1）The underlined word “....”means _____.
2）By saying “...”we mean _____.
3）The word “...”refers to/probably means _____.
一、出题形式
二、解题方法
1）定位词组/句子及其前后句
2）通过上下句语意/逻辑关系词确认同义词或反义词。
The underlined phrase “get themselves down”
(Para.1) probably _____.
A. tell lies
B. lose confidence
C. avoid dangers
D. waste time
练习题
A lot of people are their own enemies. They regard themselves as unlikely to succeed in college and often feel that there have been no accomplishments in their lives. In my first year of college especially, I saw people get themselves down all too quickly. There were two students in my class who failed the first test and seemed to give up immediately. From that day on, they walked into the classroom carrying defeat on their shoulders the way other students carried textbooks under their arms.
练习题