安徽省合肥市肥东县综合高中2023届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
This year，we are delighted to launch the first time American Short Fiction（ASF），From Thursday，May 26，to Monday，May 30，we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring，enlightening days.
Participants will attend daily fiction workshops，one-on-one meetings with distinguished faculty，and craft lectures by faculty，special guests，and ASF editors. We'll provide space to create new work and make lasting connections in the atmosphere of the sights，sounds，and swimming holes of Austin.
How to Apply
Applications are due February 15 by 11：59pm. To apply，please send us a double-spaced writing sample of up to 25 pages through our submit table application site（https：//American short fiction. org/workshop/）. There is a non-refundable $20 application fee. We will inform applicants of their acceptance by email on or before March 15.
Tuition for the workshop is $1，800，which does not include room and board. We are working with a local hotel within walking distance of our office for a discounted block of rooms，and you are also welcome to seek out accommodations on your own.
Scholarships and Financial Aid
We are proud to offer financial assistance to attend the workshop in the form of two scholarships and two fellowships. Our merit-based（基于优秀的）scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition. Our fellowships are need-based，and cover the entire cost of the workshop and accommodations. Writers from historically under served communities are encouraged to apply.
1．What can the participants do at the workshop？
A．Welcome twenty-four writers.
B．Provide space to create new work.
C．Make lectures at fiction workshops.
D．Study with DantielW. Moniz.
2．When does the application close？
A．February 15 by 11：59 am.
B．March 15 by 00：00 am.
C．February 16 by 00：00 am.
D．Thursday，May 26 by 11：59 pm.
3．How much will a participant with scholarship spend at least？
A．$920. B．$1，820. C．$1，800. D．$900.
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of
Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach
the bathroom sink. However, the plastic
step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom
shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her
school that year, Jeanie resolved to
enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the
bathroom, and yet could be
kept out of the way when not in use.
Jeanie decided to
make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a
board of wood into two pieces, each about two
feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached
one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second
piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it
swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece
would swing down from the first, just touching the
ground, and so serving as
a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform
for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed
the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were
held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called
her invention "the Kiddie Stool".
Jeanie's Kiddie
Stool won first place in her school's contest. Two years later, it was awarded
first prize again at Houston's first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited
to make a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured
on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie
Stool inspiring because it showed that with a pair of observant eyes, anyone can be an
inventor.
4．According to the passage, why did Jeanie Low invent the Kiddie Stool
A．The old stool wasn't tall enough for her.
B．She was invited to enter an invention contest.
C．Other five-year-olds had problems reaching the sink.
D．The plastic stool was not firm and often got in the way.
5．What is the design of Jeanie's Kiddie Stool like
A．The platform is supported by two metal hinges.
B．The two wooden pieces swing from left to right.
C．The wooden pieces are kept in place by hinges and magnets.
D．The Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door opens.
6．What are the characteristics of Jeanie's Kiddie Stool
A．Steady and convenient. B．Fragile and single-use.
C．Conventional and portable. D．Foldable and recyclable.
7．What message does the passage convey
A．What is suitable is the best.
B．Success comes from failure.
C．Necessity is the mother of invention.
D．Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
Hoping to live on the moon one day
Your chances just got a tiny bit better. Researchers found that lunar pits and
caves reach stable temperatures, making them potentially suitable for human
life.
Planetary
scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles have been doing the
research. Although much of the moon's surface temperatures ranges from as high
as 260 degrees during the day to as low as 280 degrees below zero at night, the
moon has pits and caves where temperatures stay at roughly 63 degrees
Fahrenheit, making human habitation a possibility, according to their new
research.
For perspective, a
day or night on the moon equals a little over two weeks on the earth—making long-term
research and habitation difficult with such extremely hot and cold
temperatures. Researchers say these stable spots could transform the future of
lunar exploration and long-term habitation. The shadowed areas of these pits
could also offer protection from harmful elements, such as solar radiation,
universal rays and micrometeorites (微小陨石).
About 16 of the
over 200 discovered pits most likely come from collapsed lava tubes—tunnels that form
from cooled lava or crust, according to Tyler Horvath, a UCLA doctoral student
and head of the research. The researchers think overhangs inside of these lunar
pits, which were initially discovered in 2009, could be the reason for the
stable temperature.
The research team
also includes UCLA professor of planetary science David Paige and Paul Hayne at
the University of Colorado Boulder. "Humans evolved living in
caves, and to caves we might return when we live on the moon," said Paige
in a UCLA press release.
There are still
plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human
residence on the moon—including growing
food and providing enough oxygen. The researchers made clear that NASA has no
immediate plans to establish a base camp or habitations there.
8．What did the researchers find
A．Humans like the life on the moon.
B．People lived in lunar pits and caves.
C．Steady temperature exists somewhere on the moon.
D．Temperatures in caves and pits vary a lot on the moon.
9．What do the shadowed areas act as protection against
A．Solar heat. B．Harmful liquids.
C．Universal gases. D．Micrometeorites.
10．What does the underlined word "evolved" probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Appeared. B．Developed. C．Hunted. D．Escaped.
11．Why does NASA not establish any habitation there at present
A．It has no such plans. B．Food there tastes bad.
C．Many challenges exist. D．There is no oxygen.
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
I was out for an evening with a friend,
getting the relief from pressure and catching up on our lives. We got around to
the subject of books.
"When do you
read " My friend asked me. My mind took off on a fast journey through my
bookshelves and piles of looks. I know some people make artsy towers and
pyramids out of books, but I'm not that kind of woman. Mine are just…stacks (摞). Stacks on end
tables, stacks on the floor.
When do I read I
read when I'm when I'm happy. I read when I'm bored. I read when I'm defeated.
I read when I'm filled with anxiety. My self-medication for the thoughts is not
exercise or alcohol, but Jane Austen. I absolutely must slow down the pace of
my thoughts when living through a walk to the town Meryton in Pride and
Prejudice. I read to visit places I'll never see in real life. Thank you,
Vikram Seth, for making me completely involved in 1950s India. Thank you,
Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York
City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton. I read when I'm recalling the
good old days. Many of my favorite books of childhood are still my favorite
books. I read when I get so addicted to an author that I want to read
everything she has ever written, including her Christmas cards and grocery lists.
Of course, I
didn't say any of these things to my friend. I stared at her with a blank,
foolish look.
"When do I
read " I repeated.
"Yes. When do
you find time " she asked.
"When
Evenings. Bedtime. Dinnertime, if I'm eating alone. Sunday afternoons. Moments
stolen here and there. And now if you'll excuse me, I have a date with Mr.
Hemingway," I said.
12．Why did the author go out with a friend
A．To meet another new with a friend. B．To catch inspiration.
C．To relax herself. D．To buy her friend books
13．Who is Khaled Hosseini
A．A character of a novel. B．The author's room-mate.
C．Another friend of the author. D．A writer the author likes.
14．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3
A．She doesn't want to read after a failure.
B．She doesn't like staying with her friend.
C．She tries her best to please the writer she loves.
D．She reads to experience life in different ages and places.
15．What will the author do after the date with the friend
A．Sleep after she got home.
B．Read Hemingway's works.
C．Make a date with Mr. Hemingway.
D．Make another appointment with another friend.
二、七选五
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）/strong>. 七选五
How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals
16． It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal.
Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. 17． What exactly does a goal like this mean You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game (or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.
Write down goals. 18． Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them.
19． Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.
Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal. 20． It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.
A. Learn to set a long-term goal.
B. How is a goal like this measured
C. Give up goals that are not realistic.
D. This tip is supported by science as well.
E. Goals can never be achieved unless they are written down.
F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.
G. You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.
三、完形填空（15空）
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）/strong>. 完形填空
I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I've tried to 21． this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases，I consider my job a 22． ，which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to 23． my life，which I always think about.
Firstly，I have a strong thirst for 24． ，I think I will never know as much as I 25． . This is what keeps the 26． of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly，I believe in fighting for 27． , I sweat over all the stuff，without feeling 28． for it. One of the by products of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a 29． tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly，I believe that my goal to be a physician is to 30． humankind. I have spent my 31． on public service. Most of it involved research，the care of 32． and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think，to control this terrible disease 33． ，I must be guided by these principles：continually thirsting for knowledge，accepting nothing 34． of excellence and knowing that the 35． of society is more important than my gains.
21．A． accomplish B． ignore C． change D． find
22．A． solution B． game C． program D． gift
23．A． form B． check C． guide D． prove
24．A． power B． knowledge C． adventure D． evidence
25．A． want B． promise C． admit D． refuse
26．A． necessity B． excuse C． recovery D． pursuit
27．A． agreement B． balance C． excellence D． fairness
28．A． embarrassed B． curious C． amused D． regretful
29．A． common B． healthy C． serious D． harmful
30．A． employ B． introduce C． unite D． serve
31．A． reputation B． career C． doubt D． luck
32．A． children B． elders C． patients D． students
33．A． randomly B． occasionally C． successfully D． immediately
34．A． full B． short C． worthy D． typical
35．A． good B． standard C． variety D． arrival
四、语法填空
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）语法填空While many people have made videos to cheer on those working on the front lines of the fight since the latest COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai, Chien Meishuang 36． (spend) her time in lockdown at home, painting simple heartwarming works.
The paintings are part of her Journal of the Pandemic Lockdown, 37． project she started two years ago. "We are all facing a difficult time 38． we are trapped at home," Chien tells China Daily. "I 39． (simple) wanted to let others know that there is a silver lining amid the dark clouds. "
The Taiwan native, who lives in Shanghai, is being on the receiving end of her neighbors' kindness. 40． (document) her experience, the artist created a painting, titled Good Neighbors in China, marking the first new 41． (add) to her project this year. Other 42． (scene) shown in her latest works include delivery men having a quick lunch and her neighbors 43． (welcome) a 70-year-old man who returned from hospital after recovering from COVID-19.
"It is because of the pandemic 44． I have made friends from all walks of life in the area where I live. These individuals have provided infinite inspiration and stories 45． my works," she adds. "As long as an artwork can touch people's hearts, I believe it is good art. It doesn't matter how simple it is. "
五、书面表达
46．（2023高三下·肥东开学考）假定你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。
注意：1）词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
六、读后续写
47．（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Marathons are not
for the faint of heart, nor the faint of
lungs. You might think you're up for it, but then your
lungs will remind you halfway through that this might be too much. I have a ton
of respect for people who do compete in them. Make sure you stretch a lot
before you do one! This story though, is about someone
who could have finished the race sooner but chose not to.
There are people
who are well in-shape to run a marathon, and marines (海军陆战队士兵) are definitely
some of those people. Military training is some of the toughest out there.
They'll make you do push up (俯卧撑) after push up, course after
course, and they'll make
you do it regularly. A marine is thus well-prepared to run something like a marathon
race.
Myles Kerr was a
19-year-old marine who joined in a 5-kilometre marathon. As the name implies, a 5-kilometre
marathon is 5 kilometers of running you have to do. And 5 kilometers is a lot
to run on foot. It is definitely not a distance you should attempt without a
lot of preparation and training. Myles, thanks to his
training, was even able to
wear boots while he ran.
While Myles and
the other marines with him could handle this just fine, one other runner
couldn't. It was 9-year-old Brandon Fuchs. The boy joined in the race as part
of a group. However, he got separated
from the group as the race progressed. He was now quite far behind and
struggling to finish the race.
Brandon is just 9
years old, but he is fond of
sports. He always sits in front of TV watching matches of all kinds of sports, especially matches
concerning running. He ever participated in some kinds of running races, which made him
even more interested in sports. When he knew a short-distanced marathon was to
be held in his city, he signed up for
it without hesitation.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右
2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
It just happened
that the boy caught sight of Myles.
……
Seeing Myles run
together with Brandon, people felt
confused.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。宣传了参加今年的第一次美国短篇小说学习的相关细节。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
1．细节理解题。根据we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel
W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring，enlightening days. 我们将欢迎24位作家来到奥斯汀，与短篇小说大师凯伦·罗素和丹尼尔·w·莫尼兹一起学习，为期五天，鼓舞人心，启发性。可知参加这项活动的人可以与DantielW. Moniz 一起学习；故答案为D。
2．细节理解题。根据 Applications are due February 15 by 11：59pm.申请截止日期为2月15日晚上11:59。可知申请截止时间为2月15日晚上11:59； 故答案为C。
3．推理判断题。根据 There is a non-refundable $20 application fee. 申请费为20美元，不予退还。以及Tuition for the workshop is
$1，800，which does not include room and board. 研讨班的学费是1800美元，不包括食宿。还有Our merit-based（基于优秀的）scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition. 我们的择优奖学金将减免50%的学费。可知一个有奖学金的参与者至少花费：$20 + $1，800x50%=$920。 故答案为 A。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述珍妮·洛发明"儿童凳子"的经过，来表明只要有一双善于观察的眼睛，任何人都可以成为发明家。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use."然而，她家里的塑料台阶凳不稳定，把全家人共享的小浴室弄得乱七八糟。在得知那年学校举办了一场发明比赛后，珍妮决定参加比赛，她发明了一种凳子，它可以永久地放在浴室里，不用时也可以放在外面。可知，因为塑料凳子不结实，经常碍事，所以珍妮·洛发明了儿童凳子。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges , Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets."她把一块木板切成两截，每截大约两英尺宽，一英尺长。珍妮用金属铰链把一块木板固定在柜门前面，把第二块木板固定在第一块木板上。第一块木板的位置刚好够高，这样当它从柜门上水平摆动出来时，第二块木板就会从第一块木板上摆动下来，刚好碰到地面，这样就可以支撑第一块木板。这为任何个子太矮而够不到水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不用的时候，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地折叠在柜子上，它们被磁铁固定在那里。可知，珍妮儿童凳子的设计是这些木块是用铰链和磁铁固定在一起的。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges , Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets."她把一块木板切成两截，每截大约两英尺宽，一英尺长。珍妮用金属铰链把一块木板固定在柜门前面，把第二块木板固定在第一块木板上。第一块木板的位置刚好够高，这样当它从柜门上水平摆动出来时，第二块木板就会从第一块木板上摆动下来，刚好碰到地面，这样就可以支撑第一块木板。这为任何个子太矮而够不到水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不用的时候，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地折叠在柜子上，它们被磁铁固定在那里。可推知，珍妮儿童凳子的特点是稳定、方便。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use."然而，她家里的塑料台阶凳不稳定，把全家人共享的小浴室弄得乱七八糟。在得知那年学校举办了一场发明比赛后，珍妮决定参加比赛，她发明了一种凳子，它可以永久地放在浴室里，不用时也可以放在外面。可知，珍妮是因为塑料台阶凳不稳定，而有时又必需使用凳子，所以才发明了儿童凳子。说明需求是发明之母。故选C。
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．B
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定，可能适合人类生活，但是目前还有很多挑战，如种植食物和提供足够的氧气。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Researchers found that lunar pits and caves reach stable temperatures, making them potentially suitable for human life.”研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定，可能适合人类生活。可知，研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The shadowed areas of these pits could also offer protection from harmful elements, such as solar radiation, universal rays and micrometeorites (微小陨石).”这些坑的阴影区域也可以保护免受有害元素的伤害，如太阳辐射、宇宙射线和微小陨石。可知，月球上的坑洞的阴影区域可以保护免受太阳辐射、宇宙射线和微小陨石的伤害。故选D。
10．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“‘Humans evolved living in caves, and to caves we might return when we live on the moon,' said Paige in a UCLA press release. ”Paige在加州大学洛杉矶分校的一份新闻稿中说：“人类在洞穴中进化，当我们生活在月球上时，我们可能会回到洞穴。”可知，本句前后为对照关系，尤其是“evolve”和“return”为对照关系，所以根据后半句“当我们生活在月球上时，我们可能会回到洞穴”可知，前半句应为人类在洞穴中进化和演变。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There are still plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human residence on the moon—including growing food and providing enough oxygen.”要在月球上建立任何形式的长期人类居住地，还有很多其他的挑战——包括种植食物和提供足够的氧气。可知，NASA目前没有在那里建立任何基地的原因是还有很多挑战。故选C。
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．D
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友讨论书籍，作者总是喜欢阅读，从中体验不同时代不同地点的生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I was out for an evening with a friend, getting the relief from pressure and catching up on our lives.”我和一个朋友出去玩了一个晚上，从压力中解脱出来，重新开始我们的生活。可知，作者和朋友出去是为了从压力中解脱出来，放松自己。故选C。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I read to visit places I'll never see in real life.”我读书是为了参观我在现实生活中从未见过的地方；以及“Thank you, Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton.”谢谢你，哈立德·侯赛尼，让我有机会参观二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，我将花些时间和伊迪丝·沃顿在一起。可知，哈立德·侯赛尼在书中描绘了二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，作者在读书时就像真正去参观一样，所以哈立德·侯赛尼是作者喜欢的一位作家。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I read to visit places I'll never see in real life. Thank you, Vikram Seth, for making me completely involved in 1950s India. Thank you, Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton.”我读书是为了参观我在现实生活中从未见过的地方。谢谢你，Vikram Seth，让我完全参与了二十世纪五十年代的印度。谢谢你，哈立德·侯赛尼，让我有机会参观二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，我将花些时间和伊迪丝·沃顿在一起。可知，作者读书是为了体验现实生活中没有见过的、不同年代不同地点的生活。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“And now if you'll excuse me, I have a date with Mr. Hemingway”现在如果你能原谅的话，我和海明威先生有个约会；以及常识可知，作者将会去读著名作家海明威先生的作品。故选B。
【答案】16．F；17．B；18．D；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何教孩子设定目标的方法。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
16．根据标题How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals 如何教孩子设定目标；以及下文 It can become an easy process for a lifetime
if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. 如果孩子们在早期就学会设定目标，这将成为一个简单的过程。可知空白处需要过渡句"孩子设定目标很重要"；选项F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life. 对每个人，尤其是孩子来说，设定人生目标是很重要的。符合题意；故答案为F。
17．根据上文For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. 例如，一个人可能想成为球队中最好的篮球运动员。以及下文What exactly does a goal like this mean You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two
baskets in each game (or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals. 这样的目标到底意味着什么 你需要让他们说得具体一点。从每场比赛得分两个球开始(或者多少个;只是一些可衡量的东西!)，这样他们就可以不断突破障碍，实现更大的目标。可知空白处需要点明主题"目标必须是可衡量的、具体的、现实的和及时的，这样才能有效。"的问句"目标怎么评论" 选项B. How is a goal like this measured 这样的目标是如何衡量的呢 符合题意；故答案为B。
18．根据下文Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them. 最近的研究表明，当目标被写下来时，个人很可能实现它们。可知空白处需要过渡句"这个建议研究证明很有效果"来补充说明标题句"Write down
goals.写下目标。" 选项D. This tip is supported by science as well. 这个建议也得到了科学的支持。符合题意；故答案为D。
19．根据下文Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning
of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks. 孩子们有选择看似不可能实现的目标的习惯。你需要教他们短期目标和长期目标的意义，并让你的孩子接受现实的检验。可知空白处需要的主题句为"让孩子们放弃那些不现实的目标"，选项C.
Give up goals that are not realistic. 放弃不现实的目标。符合题意；故答案为C。
20．根据You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their
goal. 你可以让他们在海报上写下他们的主要目标，并提到他们为实现目标所采取的步骤。以及下文 It is important to help your
children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them. 重要的是帮助你的孩子有他们自己的检查点系统，这对他们来说是有效的。可知空白处需要过渡句＂你可以建议孩子每周或月记录他们的目标完成情况＂，选项G. You can also ask them
to track their progress once a week or month. 你也可以要求他们每周或每月记录一次自己的进步。符合题意；故答案为G。
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．D；31．B；32．C；33．C；34．B；35．A
【知识点】说明文；日常生活类；社会现象类；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者作为一名医生努力践行不断地追求知识，接受卓越，记得社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：为了实现这个目标，我选择了从事公共服务工作。根据上文I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on
society. 我相信我个人有责任对社会产生积极的影响。可知作者要努力为实现这个目标而做该做的事情， A： accomplish 完成，实现；B： ignore忽略， C： change改变， D： find发现， 故答案为A。
22．句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。根据句意"它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦" 可知作者把把自己的职业看作一种能缓解病人痛苦的才能； A： solution 解决方案，B： game游戏， C： program程序， D： gift 才能，故答案为D。
23．句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活，这是我一直在思考的。根据下文I must be guided by these principles我必须以这些原则为指导； 可知作者以下面的三条原则来指导自己的生活；A： form 表格，B： check 检查，C： guide指南， D： prove 证明，故答案为C。
24．句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。根据下文This is what keeps the …… of knowledge
hot. 这就是保持知识的......火热的原因。可知作者有强烈的求知欲； A： power 力量，B： knowledge知识， C： adventure冒险， D： evidence证据 ，故答案为B。
25．句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。根据句意"我有强烈的求知欲", 可知作者很好奇，什么都想知道"我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多" A： want想要， B： promise承诺， C： admit 承认，D： refuse拒绝 ，故答案为A。
26．句意：这就是保持对知识的追求火热的原因。根据下文 And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high
income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。可知作者追求知识胜过追求利益，这也是作者对知识的追求火热的原因， A： necessity必要性， B： excuse借口， C： recovery恢复， D： pursuit追求 ，故答案为D。
27．句意：其次，我相信追求卓越，我为所有的事情付出汗水，从不后悔。完美主义者的副产品之一就是焦虑。根据句意"我为所有的事情付出汗水"。以及上文句意"首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。" 可知作者在工作上也是追求优秀的人； A： agreement 协议，B： balance 平衡，C： excellence卓越， D： fairness公平，故答案为C。
28．句意：其次，我相信追求卓越，我为所有的事情付出汗水，从不后悔。根据上文 And it is why I would do my job every day even
if I cannot get high income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。 可知作者从不后悔辛勤地付出； A： embarrassed尴尬， B： curious好奇， C： amused有趣， D： regretful遗憾 ，故答案为D。
29．句意：但是这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张感，驱使我去发挥我有限的潜力。根据上文One of the by products of being a
perfectionist is anxiety. 完美主义者的副产品之一就是焦虑。以及句意"驱使我去发挥我有限的潜力"，可知这种适度的紧张对工作学习是有好处的，是健康的； A： common普通， B： healthy健康， C： serious严重， D： harmful有害，故答案为B。
30．句意：第三，我相信我成为一名医生的目标是为人类服务。根据常识：医生的天职就是治病救人， 可知作者也明白他的目标就是为人类服务； A： employ雇用， B： introduce介绍， C： unite团结， D： serve服务 ，故答案为D。
31．句意：我的整个职业生涯都在为公众服务。根据下文 Most of it involved research…其中大部分涉及研究……可知作者把自己整个一生的事业都投入在这件事情上面了； A： reputation名誉， B： career 事业，C： doubt 怀疑，D： luck运气 ，故答案为B。
32．句意：其中大部分涉及研究、病人护理和艾滋病公共卫生政策。根据上文. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious
diseases，作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生， 可知作为医生，作者要看护病人的； A： children儿童， B： elders老人， C： patients 病人，D： students学生 ，故答案为C。
33．句意：我认为，要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须遵循以下原则: 根据医生的天职，首先应该成功控制传染病， 可知成功控制疾病这也是目标， A： randomly随机， B： occasionally 偶尔，C： successfully成功， D： immediately立即 ，故答案为C。
34．句意：不断地渴望知识，接受卓越，知道社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。根据固定搭配：nothing short of 完全，非常；可知作者很接受卓越； A： full完整， B： short简短， C： worthy 有价值，D： typical 典型，故答案为B。
35．句意：不断地渴望知识，接受卓越，知道社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。根据上文 And it is why I would do my job every day
even if I cannot get high income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。可知作者明白人民大众的的利益比个人的利益更重要； A： good利益， B： standard标准， C： variety 品种，D： arriva到货l ；故答案为A。
【答案】36．has spent/has been spending；37．a；38．when；39．simply；40．To document；41．addition；42．scenes；43．welcoming；44．that；45．for
【知识点】故事阅读类；新闻报道类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了上海新冠疫情期间，住在上海的台湾人陈美双以疫情中的感人事迹画了许多感人的作品。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，许多人都在制作视频为奋战在第一线的人们加油打气，而陈美双却一直在家中度过她的时间，画着简单的暖心作品。根据时间短语 since the latest COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai 自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，可知空白处需要现在完成时态，根据句意" 自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来 "可知空白处也可以用现在完成进行时表示"一直做某事"；故答案为has spent/has been spending。
37．句意：这些画是她两年前开始的一个计划项目"大流行封锁日记"的一部分。根据单数可数名词project 第一次出现在文中，前面要用不定冠词， 可知空白处需要不定冠词 a；故答案为a。
38．句意："当我们被困在家里时，我们都面临着一段艰难的时期，"钱告诉《中国日报》。根据句子结构空白处需要关系副词引导限制性定语从句，先行词time指时间， 可知空白处需要表示时间的关系副词when ；故答案为when。
39．句意："我只是想让别人知道，乌云中也有一线光明。"根据修饰动词wanted要用副词，可知空白处需要形容词simple 的副词形式simply ；故答案为simply。
40．句意：为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画作，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语表示目的， 可知英语中常用不定式表示目的；故答案为To document。
41．句意：这位住在上海的台湾人是邻居们善意的受益者。为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画作，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。根据固定搭配：the first new+名词 第一个/首批新的……可知 空白处需要动词add 的名词形式addition；故答案为addition。
42．句意：在她最近的作品中，还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景。根据句意"还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景"这里出现了两个场景， 可知空白处需要可数名词名词 scene 的复数形式scenes ；故答案为scenes。
43．句意：在她最近的作品中，还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景。根据 and前后一致，delivery men（名词） having a quick lunch（现在分词短语）， 可知 空白处需要动词welcome 的现在分词welcoming；故答案为welcoming。
44．句意：正是因为疫情，我在我居住的地区结交了来自各行各业的朋友。根据句子结构，如果去掉It is 和空白处要填的词，这个句子依然完整，可知这是一个强调句It is + 强调的成分+that+句子余下的部分 ：，空白处需要that ；故答案为that。
45．句意：这些人为我的作品提供了无限的灵感和故事。根据固定搭配： provide sth for为……提供某物，可知空白处需要介词 for；故答案为for。
46．【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school! We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system. Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. Hopefully, it will offer an insight into our unique culture and the beauty behind.
Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇发言稿。写作背景：你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Welcome to our school! 运用了祈使句；We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. 运用了不定式作原因状语；Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system.运用了同位语；Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.运用了祈使句。
47．【答案】 It just happened that the boy caught sight of Myles. Brandon then spoke the words "Sir Will you please run with me ", so Myles slowed down and ran alongside him. The other marines with him had already ran far ahead and had no idea what Myles was doing. They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury. Seeing Myles run together with Brandon, people felt confused. But they wouldn't know it until the pair made it to the finish line. They both finished the race, but Myles did give up the lead he worked hard to get. That didn't matter to him though. This boy needed him, and that mattered a whole lot more. Myles's action meant a lot to the 9- year-old Brandon. But the marine didn't think it was a big deal. Myles said that he was just doing what any man would do.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Myles作为一名海军陆战队员，得益于平时的训练，原本可以轻松顺利完成五公里的马拉松。但在本次参赛选手中有一位9岁名叫Brandon的小男孩，Brandon平时对体育很感兴趣，知道自己的城市将举行一场短途马拉松比赛时，他毫不犹豫地报名参加了比赛。随着比赛的进行，Brandon越来越落后，他在途中遇到了Myles，请求Myles和他一起跑，Myles答应和男孩一起跑，最终两人都到达了终点。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"那男孩碰巧看见了Myles。"可知，第一段可描写男孩Brandon请求Myles和他一起跑并且Myles同意和男孩一起跑。②由第二段首句内容"看到Myles和Brandon一起跑，人们感到很困惑。"可知，本段可描写Myles同意和Brandon跑步的原因以及这次经历对Brandon 的影响。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Brandon then spoke the words "Sir Will you please run with me ", so Myles slowed down and ran alongside him. 运用了因果并列句；The other marines with him had already ran far ahead and had no idea what Myles was doing. 运用了宾语从句；They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury. 运用了宾语从句，并列句；But they wouldn't know it until the pair made it to the finish line. 运用了条件状语从句；They both finished the race, but Myles did give up the lead he worked hard to get. 运用了转折并列句； But the marine didn't think it was a big deal. 运用了宾语从句；Myles said that he was just doing what any man would do.运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1安徽省合肥市肥东县综合高中2023届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
This year，we are delighted to launch the first time American Short Fiction（ASF），From Thursday，May 26，to Monday，May 30，we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring，enlightening days.
Participants will attend daily fiction workshops，one-on-one meetings with distinguished faculty，and craft lectures by faculty，special guests，and ASF editors. We'll provide space to create new work and make lasting connections in the atmosphere of the sights，sounds，and swimming holes of Austin.
How to Apply
Applications are due February 15 by 11：59pm. To apply，please send us a double-spaced writing sample of up to 25 pages through our submit table application site（https：//American short fiction. org/workshop/）. There is a non-refundable $20 application fee. We will inform applicants of their acceptance by email on or before March 15.
Tuition for the workshop is $1，800，which does not include room and board. We are working with a local hotel within walking distance of our office for a discounted block of rooms，and you are also welcome to seek out accommodations on your own.
Scholarships and Financial Aid
We are proud to offer financial assistance to attend the workshop in the form of two scholarships and two fellowships. Our merit-based（基于优秀的）scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition. Our fellowships are need-based，and cover the entire cost of the workshop and accommodations. Writers from historically under served communities are encouraged to apply.
1．What can the participants do at the workshop？
A．Welcome twenty-four writers.
B．Provide space to create new work.
C．Make lectures at fiction workshops.
D．Study with DantielW. Moniz.
2．When does the application close？
A．February 15 by 11：59 am.
B．March 15 by 00：00 am.
C．February 16 by 00：00 am.
D．Thursday，May 26 by 11：59 pm.
3．How much will a participant with scholarship spend at least？
A．$920. B．$1，820. C．$1，800. D．$900.
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。宣传了参加今年的第一次美国短篇小说学习的相关细节。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
1．细节理解题。根据we will welcome twenty-four writers to Austin to study with short-story masters Karen Russell and Dantiel
W. Moniz over the course of five inspiring，enlightening days. 我们将欢迎24位作家来到奥斯汀，与短篇小说大师凯伦·罗素和丹尼尔·w·莫尼兹一起学习，为期五天，鼓舞人心，启发性。可知参加这项活动的人可以与DantielW. Moniz 一起学习；故答案为D。
2．细节理解题。根据 Applications are due February 15 by 11：59pm.申请截止日期为2月15日晚上11:59。可知申请截止时间为2月15日晚上11:59； 故答案为C。
3．推理判断题。根据 There is a non-refundable $20 application fee. 申请费为20美元，不予退还。以及Tuition for the workshop is
$1，800，which does not include room and board. 研讨班的学费是1800美元，不包括食宿。还有Our merit-based（基于优秀的）scholarships will come with a 50% reduction in tuition. 我们的择优奖学金将减免50%的学费。可知一个有奖学金的参与者至少花费：$20 + $1，800x50%=$920。 故答案为 A。
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of
Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach
the bathroom sink. However, the plastic
step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom
shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her
school that year, Jeanie resolved to
enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the
bathroom, and yet could be
kept out of the way when not in use.
Jeanie decided to
make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a
board of wood into two pieces, each about two
feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached
one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second
piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it
swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece
would swing down from the first, just touching the
ground, and so serving as
a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform
for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed
the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were
held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called
her invention "the Kiddie Stool".
Jeanie's Kiddie
Stool won first place in her school's contest. Two years later, it was awarded
first prize again at Houston's first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited
to make a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured
on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie
Stool inspiring because it showed that with a pair of observant eyes, anyone can be an
inventor.
4．According to the passage, why did Jeanie Low invent the Kiddie Stool
A．The old stool wasn't tall enough for her.
B．She was invited to enter an invention contest.
C．Other five-year-olds had problems reaching the sink.
D．The plastic stool was not firm and often got in the way.
5．What is the design of Jeanie's Kiddie Stool like
A．The platform is supported by two metal hinges.
B．The two wooden pieces swing from left to right.
C．The wooden pieces are kept in place by hinges and magnets.
D．The Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door opens.
6．What are the characteristics of Jeanie's Kiddie Stool
A．Steady and convenient. B．Fragile and single-use.
C．Conventional and portable. D．Foldable and recyclable.
7．What message does the passage convey
A．What is suitable is the best.
B．Success comes from failure.
C．Necessity is the mother of invention.
D．Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述珍妮·洛发明"儿童凳子"的经过，来表明只要有一双善于观察的眼睛，任何人都可以成为发明家。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use."然而，她家里的塑料台阶凳不稳定，把全家人共享的小浴室弄得乱七八糟。在得知那年学校举办了一场发明比赛后，珍妮决定参加比赛，她发明了一种凳子，它可以永久地放在浴室里，不用时也可以放在外面。可知，因为塑料凳子不结实，经常碍事，所以珍妮·洛发明了儿童凳子。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges , Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets."她把一块木板切成两截，每截大约两英尺宽，一英尺长。珍妮用金属铰链把一块木板固定在柜门前面，把第二块木板固定在第一块木板上。第一块木板的位置刚好够高，这样当它从柜门上水平摆动出来时，第二块木板就会从第一块木板上摆动下来，刚好碰到地面，这样就可以支撑第一块木板。这为任何个子太矮而够不到水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不用的时候，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地折叠在柜子上，它们被磁铁固定在那里。可知，珍妮儿童凳子的设计是这些木块是用铰链和磁铁固定在一起的。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"She cut a board of wood into two pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges , Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly against the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets."她把一块木板切成两截，每截大约两英尺宽，一英尺长。珍妮用金属铰链把一块木板固定在柜门前面，把第二块木板固定在第一块木板上。第一块木板的位置刚好够高，这样当它从柜门上水平摆动出来时，第二块木板就会从第一块木板上摆动下来，刚好碰到地面，这样就可以支撑第一块木板。这为任何个子太矮而够不到水槽的人创造了一个方便、坚固的平台。不用的时候，铰链可以让两块木头紧紧地折叠在柜子上，它们被磁铁固定在那里。可推知，珍妮儿童凳子的特点是稳定、方便。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and cluttered up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held by her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use."然而，她家里的塑料台阶凳不稳定，把全家人共享的小浴室弄得乱七八糟。在得知那年学校举办了一场发明比赛后，珍妮决定参加比赛，她发明了一种凳子，它可以永久地放在浴室里，不用时也可以放在外面。可知，珍妮是因为塑料台阶凳不稳定，而有时又必需使用凳子，所以才发明了儿童凳子。说明需求是发明之母。故选C。
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
Hoping to live on the moon one day
Your chances just got a tiny bit better. Researchers found that lunar pits and
caves reach stable temperatures, making them potentially suitable for human
life.
Planetary
scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles have been doing the
research. Although much of the moon's surface temperatures ranges from as high
as 260 degrees during the day to as low as 280 degrees below zero at night, the
moon has pits and caves where temperatures stay at roughly 63 degrees
Fahrenheit, making human habitation a possibility, according to their new
research.
For perspective, a
day or night on the moon equals a little over two weeks on the earth—making long-term
research and habitation difficult with such extremely hot and cold
temperatures. Researchers say these stable spots could transform the future of
lunar exploration and long-term habitation. The shadowed areas of these pits
could also offer protection from harmful elements, such as solar radiation,
universal rays and micrometeorites (微小陨石).
About 16 of the
over 200 discovered pits most likely come from collapsed lava tubes—tunnels that form
from cooled lava or crust, according to Tyler Horvath, a UCLA doctoral student
and head of the research. The researchers think overhangs inside of these lunar
pits, which were initially discovered in 2009, could be the reason for the
stable temperature.
The research team
also includes UCLA professor of planetary science David Paige and Paul Hayne at
the University of Colorado Boulder. "Humans evolved living in
caves, and to caves we might return when we live on the moon," said Paige
in a UCLA press release.
There are still
plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human
residence on the moon—including growing
food and providing enough oxygen. The researchers made clear that NASA has no
immediate plans to establish a base camp or habitations there.
8．What did the researchers find
A．Humans like the life on the moon.
B．People lived in lunar pits and caves.
C．Steady temperature exists somewhere on the moon.
D．Temperatures in caves and pits vary a lot on the moon.
9．What do the shadowed areas act as protection against
A．Solar heat. B．Harmful liquids.
C．Universal gases. D．Micrometeorites.
10．What does the underlined word "evolved" probably mean in paragraph 5
A．Appeared. B．Developed. C．Hunted. D．Escaped.
11．Why does NASA not establish any habitation there at present
A．It has no such plans. B．Food there tastes bad.
C．Many challenges exist. D．There is no oxygen.
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．B
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定，可能适合人类生活，但是目前还有很多挑战，如种植食物和提供足够的氧气。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Researchers found that lunar pits and caves reach stable temperatures, making them potentially suitable for human life.”研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定，可能适合人类生活。可知，研究人员发现，月球上的坑洞温度稳定。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The shadowed areas of these pits could also offer protection from harmful elements, such as solar radiation, universal rays and micrometeorites (微小陨石).”这些坑的阴影区域也可以保护免受有害元素的伤害，如太阳辐射、宇宙射线和微小陨石。可知，月球上的坑洞的阴影区域可以保护免受太阳辐射、宇宙射线和微小陨石的伤害。故选D。
10．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“‘Humans evolved living in caves, and to caves we might return when we live on the moon,' said Paige in a UCLA press release. ”Paige在加州大学洛杉矶分校的一份新闻稿中说：“人类在洞穴中进化，当我们生活在月球上时，我们可能会回到洞穴。”可知，本句前后为对照关系，尤其是“evolve”和“return”为对照关系，所以根据后半句“当我们生活在月球上时，我们可能会回到洞穴”可知，前半句应为人类在洞穴中进化和演变。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There are still plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human residence on the moon—including growing food and providing enough oxygen.”要在月球上建立任何形式的长期人类居住地，还有很多其他的挑战——包括种植食物和提供足够的氧气。可知，NASA目前没有在那里建立任何基地的原因是还有很多挑战。故选C。
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读理解
I was out for an evening with a friend,
getting the relief from pressure and catching up on our lives. We got around to
the subject of books.
"When do you
read " My friend asked me. My mind took off on a fast journey through my
bookshelves and piles of looks. I know some people make artsy towers and
pyramids out of books, but I'm not that kind of woman. Mine are just…stacks (摞). Stacks on end
tables, stacks on the floor.
When do I read I
read when I'm when I'm happy. I read when I'm bored. I read when I'm defeated.
I read when I'm filled with anxiety. My self-medication for the thoughts is not
exercise or alcohol, but Jane Austen. I absolutely must slow down the pace of
my thoughts when living through a walk to the town Meryton in Pride and
Prejudice. I read to visit places I'll never see in real life. Thank you,
Vikram Seth, for making me completely involved in 1950s India. Thank you,
Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York
City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton. I read when I'm recalling the
good old days. Many of my favorite books of childhood are still my favorite
books. I read when I get so addicted to an author that I want to read
everything she has ever written, including her Christmas cards and grocery lists.
Of course, I
didn't say any of these things to my friend. I stared at her with a blank,
foolish look.
"When do I
read " I repeated.
"Yes. When do
you find time " she asked.
"When
Evenings. Bedtime. Dinnertime, if I'm eating alone. Sunday afternoons. Moments
stolen here and there. And now if you'll excuse me, I have a date with Mr.
Hemingway," I said.
12．Why did the author go out with a friend
A．To meet another new with a friend. B．To catch inspiration.
C．To relax herself. D．To buy her friend books
13．Who is Khaled Hosseini
A．A character of a novel. B．The author's room-mate.
C．Another friend of the author. D．A writer the author likes.
14．What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3
A．She doesn't want to read after a failure.
B．She doesn't like staying with her friend.
C．She tries her best to please the writer she loves.
D．She reads to experience life in different ages and places.
15．What will the author do after the date with the friend
A．Sleep after she got home.
B．Read Hemingway's works.
C．Make a date with Mr. Hemingway.
D．Make another appointment with another friend.
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．D
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友讨论书籍，作者总是喜欢阅读，从中体验不同时代不同地点的生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I was out for an evening with a friend, getting the relief from pressure and catching up on our lives.”我和一个朋友出去玩了一个晚上，从压力中解脱出来，重新开始我们的生活。可知，作者和朋友出去是为了从压力中解脱出来，放松自己。故选C。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I read to visit places I'll never see in real life.”我读书是为了参观我在现实生活中从未见过的地方；以及“Thank you, Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton.”谢谢你，哈立德·侯赛尼，让我有机会参观二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，我将花些时间和伊迪丝·沃顿在一起。可知，哈立德·侯赛尼在书中描绘了二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，作者在读书时就像真正去参观一样，所以哈立德·侯赛尼是作者喜欢的一位作家。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I read to visit places I'll never see in real life. Thank you, Vikram Seth, for making me completely involved in 1950s India. Thank you, Khaled Hosseini, for giving me a chance to see 1970s high society of New York City, I'll spend some time with Edith Wharton.”我读书是为了参观我在现实生活中从未见过的地方。谢谢你，Vikram Seth，让我完全参与了二十世纪五十年代的印度。谢谢你，哈立德·侯赛尼，让我有机会参观二十世纪七十年代的纽约上流社会，我将花些时间和伊迪丝·沃顿在一起。可知，作者读书是为了体验现实生活中没有见过的、不同年代不同地点的生活。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“And now if you'll excuse me, I have a date with Mr. Hemingway”现在如果你能原谅的话，我和海明威先生有个约会；以及常识可知，作者将会去读著名作家海明威先生的作品。故选B。
二、七选五
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）/strong>. 七选五
How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals
16． It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal.
Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. 17． What exactly does a goal like this mean You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game (or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.
Write down goals. 18． Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them.
19． Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.
Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their goal. 20． It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.
A. Learn to set a long-term goal.
B. How is a goal like this measured
C. Give up goals that are not realistic.
D. This tip is supported by science as well.
E. Goals can never be achieved unless they are written down.
F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.
G. You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.
【答案】16．F；17．B；18．D；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了如何教孩子设定目标的方法。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
16．根据标题How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals 如何教孩子设定目标；以及下文 It can become an easy process for a lifetime
if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. 如果孩子们在早期就学会设定目标，这将成为一个简单的过程。可知空白处需要过渡句"孩子设定目标很重要"；选项F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life. 对每个人，尤其是孩子来说，设定人生目标是很重要的。符合题意；故答案为F。
17．根据上文For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. 例如，一个人可能想成为球队中最好的篮球运动员。以及下文What exactly does a goal like this mean You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two
baskets in each game (or however many; just something measurable!) so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals. 这样的目标到底意味着什么 你需要让他们说得具体一点。从每场比赛得分两个球开始(或者多少个;只是一些可衡量的东西!)，这样他们就可以不断突破障碍，实现更大的目标。可知空白处需要点明主题"目标必须是可衡量的、具体的、现实的和及时的，这样才能有效。"的问句"目标怎么评论" 选项B. How is a goal like this measured 这样的目标是如何衡量的呢 符合题意；故答案为B。
18．根据下文Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to achieve them. 最近的研究表明，当目标被写下来时，个人很可能实现它们。可知空白处需要过渡句"这个建议研究证明很有效果"来补充说明标题句"Write down
goals.写下目标。" 选项D. This tip is supported by science as well. 这个建议也得到了科学的支持。符合题意；故答案为D。
19．根据下文Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning
of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks. 孩子们有选择看似不可能实现的目标的习惯。你需要教他们短期目标和长期目标的意义，并让你的孩子接受现实的检验。可知空白处需要的主题句为"让孩子们放弃那些不现实的目标"，选项C.
Give up goals that are not realistic. 放弃不现实的目标。符合题意；故答案为C。
20．根据You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving their
goal. 你可以让他们在海报上写下他们的主要目标，并提到他们为实现目标所采取的步骤。以及下文 It is important to help your
children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them. 重要的是帮助你的孩子有他们自己的检查点系统，这对他们来说是有效的。可知空白处需要过渡句＂你可以建议孩子每周或月记录他们的目标完成情况＂，选项G. You can also ask them
to track their progress once a week or month. 你也可以要求他们每周或每月记录一次自己的进步。符合题意；故答案为G。
三、完形填空（15空）
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）/strong>. 完形填空
I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I've tried to 21． this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases，I consider my job a 22． ，which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to 23． my life，which I always think about.
Firstly，I have a strong thirst for 24． ，I think I will never know as much as I 25． . This is what keeps the 26． of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly，I believe in fighting for 27． , I sweat over all the stuff，without feeling 28． for it. One of the by products of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a 29． tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly，I believe that my goal to be a physician is to 30． humankind. I have spent my 31． on public service. Most of it involved research，the care of 32． and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think，to control this terrible disease 33． ，I must be guided by these principles：continually thirsting for knowledge，accepting nothing 34． of excellence and knowing that the 35． of society is more important than my gains.
21．A． accomplish B． ignore C． change D． find
22．A． solution B． game C． program D． gift
23．A． form B． check C． guide D． prove
24．A． power B． knowledge C． adventure D． evidence
25．A． want B． promise C． admit D． refuse
26．A． necessity B． excuse C． recovery D． pursuit
27．A． agreement B． balance C． excellence D． fairness
28．A． embarrassed B． curious C． amused D． regretful
29．A． common B． healthy C． serious D． harmful
30．A． employ B． introduce C． unite D． serve
31．A． reputation B． career C． doubt D． luck
32．A． children B． elders C． patients D． students
33．A． randomly B． occasionally C． successfully D． immediately
34．A． full B． short C． worthy D． typical
35．A． good B． standard C． variety D． arrival
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．D；31．B；32．C；33．C；34．B；35．A
【知识点】说明文；日常生活类；社会现象类；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者作为一名医生努力践行不断地追求知识，接受卓越，记得社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：为了实现这个目标，我选择了从事公共服务工作。根据上文I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on
society. 我相信我个人有责任对社会产生积极的影响。可知作者要努力为实现这个目标而做该做的事情， A： accomplish 完成，实现；B： ignore忽略， C： change改变， D： find发现， 故答案为A。
22．句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。根据句意"它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦" 可知作者把把自己的职业看作一种能缓解病人痛苦的才能； A： solution 解决方案，B： game游戏， C： program程序， D： gift 才能，故答案为D。
23．句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活，这是我一直在思考的。根据下文I must be guided by these principles我必须以这些原则为指导； 可知作者以下面的三条原则来指导自己的生活；A： form 表格，B： check 检查，C： guide指南， D： prove 证明，故答案为C。
24．句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。根据下文This is what keeps the …… of knowledge
hot. 这就是保持知识的......火热的原因。可知作者有强烈的求知欲； A： power 力量，B： knowledge知识， C： adventure冒险， D： evidence证据 ，故答案为B。
25．句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。根据句意"我有强烈的求知欲", 可知作者很好奇，什么都想知道"我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多" A： want想要， B： promise承诺， C： admit 承认，D： refuse拒绝 ，故答案为A。
26．句意：这就是保持对知识的追求火热的原因。根据下文 And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high
income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。可知作者追求知识胜过追求利益，这也是作者对知识的追求火热的原因， A： necessity必要性， B： excuse借口， C： recovery恢复， D： pursuit追求 ，故答案为D。
27．句意：其次，我相信追求卓越，我为所有的事情付出汗水，从不后悔。完美主义者的副产品之一就是焦虑。根据句意"我为所有的事情付出汗水"。以及上文句意"首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我认为我永远不会知道我想知道的那么多。" 可知作者在工作上也是追求优秀的人； A： agreement 协议，B： balance 平衡，C： excellence卓越， D： fairness公平，故答案为C。
28．句意：其次，我相信追求卓越，我为所有的事情付出汗水，从不后悔。根据上文 And it is why I would do my job every day even
if I cannot get high income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。 可知作者从不后悔辛勤地付出； A： embarrassed尴尬， B： curious好奇， C： amused有趣， D： regretful遗憾 ，故答案为D。
29．句意：但是这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张感，驱使我去发挥我有限的潜力。根据上文One of the by products of being a
perfectionist is anxiety. 完美主义者的副产品之一就是焦虑。以及句意"驱使我去发挥我有限的潜力"，可知这种适度的紧张对工作学习是有好处的，是健康的； A： common普通， B： healthy健康， C： serious严重， D： harmful有害，故答案为B。
30．句意：第三，我相信我成为一名医生的目标是为人类服务。根据常识：医生的天职就是治病救人， 可知作者也明白他的目标就是为人类服务； A： employ雇用， B： introduce介绍， C： unite团结， D： serve服务 ，故答案为D。
31．句意：我的整个职业生涯都在为公众服务。根据下文 Most of it involved research…其中大部分涉及研究……可知作者把自己整个一生的事业都投入在这件事情上面了； A： reputation名誉， B： career 事业，C： doubt 怀疑，D： luck运气 ，故答案为B。
32．句意：其中大部分涉及研究、病人护理和艾滋病公共卫生政策。根据上文. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious
diseases，作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生， 可知作为医生，作者要看护病人的； A： children儿童， B： elders老人， C： patients 病人，D： students学生 ，故答案为C。
33．句意：我认为，要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须遵循以下原则: 根据医生的天职，首先应该成功控制传染病， 可知成功控制疾病这也是目标， A： randomly随机， B： occasionally 偶尔，C： successfully成功， D： immediately立即 ，故答案为C。
34．句意：不断地渴望知识，接受卓越，知道社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。根据固定搭配：nothing short of 完全，非常；可知作者很接受卓越； A： full完整， B： short简短， C： worthy 有价值，D： typical 典型，故答案为B。
35．句意：不断地渴望知识，接受卓越，知道社会的利益比个人的利益更重要。根据上文 And it is why I would do my job every day
even if I cannot get high income. 这就是为什么即使不能获得高收入，我也要每天工作。可知作者明白人民大众的的利益比个人的利益更重要； A： good利益， B： standard标准， C： variety 品种，D： arriva到货l ；故答案为A。
四、语法填空
（2023高三下·肥东开学考）语法填空While many people have made videos to cheer on those working on the front lines of the fight since the latest COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai, Chien Meishuang 36． (spend) her time in lockdown at home, painting simple heartwarming works.
The paintings are part of her Journal of the Pandemic Lockdown, 37． project she started two years ago. "We are all facing a difficult time 38． we are trapped at home," Chien tells China Daily. "I 39． (simple) wanted to let others know that there is a silver lining amid the dark clouds. "
The Taiwan native, who lives in Shanghai, is being on the receiving end of her neighbors' kindness. 40． (document) her experience, the artist created a painting, titled Good Neighbors in China, marking the first new 41． (add) to her project this year. Other 42． (scene) shown in her latest works include delivery men having a quick lunch and her neighbors 43． (welcome) a 70-year-old man who returned from hospital after recovering from COVID-19.
"It is because of the pandemic 44． I have made friends from all walks of life in the area where I live. These individuals have provided infinite inspiration and stories 45． my works," she adds. "As long as an artwork can touch people's hearts, I believe it is good art. It doesn't matter how simple it is. "
【答案】36．has spent/has been spending；37．a；38．when；39．simply；40．To document；41．addition；42．scenes；43．welcoming；44．that；45．for
【知识点】故事阅读类；新闻报道类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了上海新冠疫情期间，住在上海的台湾人陈美双以疫情中的感人事迹画了许多感人的作品。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，许多人都在制作视频为奋战在第一线的人们加油打气，而陈美双却一直在家中度过她的时间，画着简单的暖心作品。根据时间短语 since the latest COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai 自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，可知空白处需要现在完成时态，根据句意" 自上海新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来 "可知空白处也可以用现在完成进行时表示"一直做某事"；故答案为has spent/has been spending。
37．句意：这些画是她两年前开始的一个计划项目"大流行封锁日记"的一部分。根据单数可数名词project 第一次出现在文中，前面要用不定冠词， 可知空白处需要不定冠词 a；故答案为a。
38．句意："当我们被困在家里时，我们都面临着一段艰难的时期，"钱告诉《中国日报》。根据句子结构空白处需要关系副词引导限制性定语从句，先行词time指时间， 可知空白处需要表示时间的关系副词when ；故答案为when。
39．句意："我只是想让别人知道，乌云中也有一线光明。"根据修饰动词wanted要用副词，可知空白处需要形容词simple 的副词形式simply ；故答案为simply。
40．句意：为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画作，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语表示目的， 可知英语中常用不定式表示目的；故答案为To document。
41．句意：这位住在上海的台湾人是邻居们善意的受益者。为了记录她的经历，这位艺术家创作了一幅名为《中国的好邻居》的画作，这是她今年项目的第一个新成员。根据固定搭配：the first new+名词 第一个/首批新的……可知 空白处需要动词add 的名词形式addition；故答案为addition。
42．句意：在她最近的作品中，还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景。根据句意"还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景"这里出现了两个场景， 可知空白处需要可数名词名词 scene 的复数形式scenes ；故答案为scenes。
43．句意：在她最近的作品中，还出现了快递员快速吃午饭的场景，以及邻居们欢迎从医院康复回来的70岁老人的场景。根据 and前后一致，delivery men（名词） having a quick lunch（现在分词短语）， 可知 空白处需要动词welcome 的现在分词welcoming；故答案为welcoming。
44．句意：正是因为疫情，我在我居住的地区结交了来自各行各业的朋友。根据句子结构，如果去掉It is 和空白处要填的词，这个句子依然完整，可知这是一个强调句It is + 强调的成分+that+句子余下的部分 ：，空白处需要that ；故答案为that。
45．句意：这些人为我的作品提供了无限的灵感和故事。根据固定搭配： provide sth for为……提供某物，可知空白处需要介词 for；故答案为for。
五、书面表达
46．（2023高三下·肥东开学考）假定你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。
注意：1）词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school! We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system. Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. Hopefully, it will offer an insight into our unique culture and the beauty behind.
Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇发言稿。写作背景：你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1）表示欢迎；2）专家介绍；3）讲座内容。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Welcome to our school! 运用了祈使句；We're very honored to have Mr. Wang here to deliver a lecture about Chinese traditional culture. 运用了不定式作原因状语；Mr. Wang, an expert in the field, has been devoted to Chinese traditional culture and has created his own research system.运用了同位语；Today he will expose us to Confucius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped guided and influenced our lives for thousands of years. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Now let's follow Mr. Wang and dive into the splendid Chinese culture.运用了祈使句。
六、读后续写
47．（2023高三下·肥东开学考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Marathons are not
for the faint of heart, nor the faint of
lungs. You might think you're up for it, but then your
lungs will remind you halfway through that this might be too much. I have a ton
of respect for people who do compete in them. Make sure you stretch a lot
before you do one! This story though, is about someone
who could have finished the race sooner but chose not to.
There are people
who are well in-shape to run a marathon, and marines (海军陆战队士兵) are definitely
some of those people. Military training is some of the toughest out there.
They'll make you do push up (俯卧撑) after push up, course after
course, and they'll make
you do it regularly. A marine is thus well-prepared to run something like a marathon
race.
Myles Kerr was a
19-year-old marine who joined in a 5-kilometre marathon. As the name implies, a 5-kilometre
marathon is 5 kilometers of running you have to do. And 5 kilometers is a lot
to run on foot. It is definitely not a distance you should attempt without a
lot of preparation and training. Myles, thanks to his
training, was even able to
wear boots while he ran.
While Myles and
the other marines with him could handle this just fine, one other runner
couldn't. It was 9-year-old Brandon Fuchs. The boy joined in the race as part
of a group. However, he got separated
from the group as the race progressed. He was now quite far behind and
struggling to finish the race.
Brandon is just 9
years old, but he is fond of
sports. He always sits in front of TV watching matches of all kinds of sports, especially matches
concerning running. He ever participated in some kinds of running races, which made him
even more interested in sports. When he knew a short-distanced marathon was to
be held in his city, he signed up for
it without hesitation.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右
2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
It just happened
that the boy caught sight of Myles.
……
Seeing Myles run
together with Brandon, people felt
confused.
【答案】 It just happened that the boy caught sight of Myles. Brandon then spoke the words "Sir Will you please run with me ", so Myles slowed down and ran alongside him. The other marines with him had already ran far ahead and had no idea what Myles was doing. They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury. Seeing Myles run together with Brandon, people felt confused. But they wouldn't know it until the pair made it to the finish line. They both finished the race, but Myles did give up the lead he worked hard to get. That didn't matter to him though. This boy needed him, and that mattered a whole lot more. Myles's action meant a lot to the 9- year-old Brandon. But the marine didn't think it was a big deal. Myles said that he was just doing what any man would do.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Myles作为一名海军陆战队员，得益于平时的训练，原本可以轻松顺利完成五公里的马拉松。但在本次参赛选手中有一位9岁名叫Brandon的小男孩，Brandon平时对体育很感兴趣，知道自己的城市将举行一场短途马拉松比赛时，他毫不犹豫地报名参加了比赛。随着比赛的进行，Brandon越来越落后，他在途中遇到了Myles，请求Myles和他一起跑，Myles答应和男孩一起跑，最终两人都到达了终点。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"那男孩碰巧看见了Myles。"可知，第一段可描写男孩Brandon请求Myles和他一起跑并且Myles同意和男孩一起跑。②由第二段首句内容"看到Myles和Brandon一起跑，人们感到很困惑。"可知，本段可描写Myles同意和Brandon跑步的原因以及这次经历对Brandon 的影响。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Brandon then spoke the words "Sir Will you please run with me ", so Myles slowed down and ran alongside him. 运用了因果并列句；The other marines with him had already ran far ahead and had no idea what Myles was doing. 运用了宾语从句；They even feared that he might have bitten off more than he could chew with the race, and that he might have come down with fatigue or an injury. 运用了宾语从句，并列句；But they wouldn't know it until the pair made it to the finish line. 运用了条件状语从句；They both finished the race, but Myles did give up the lead he worked hard to get. 运用了转折并列句； But the marine didn't think it was a big deal. 运用了宾语从句；Myles said that he was just doing what any man would do.运用了宾语从句。
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