2023年人教版中考英语复习形容词及副词 课件(共90张PPT)

(共90张PPT)
形容词及副词
中考对形容词和副词的考查热点一般集中在对它们的形容
词、副词词义辨析以及原级、比较级和最高级的变化及用
法。命题形式往往是在一句话中空出形容词或副词，让考
生根据句子的意义和结构确定空白处应用形容词还是副词，
或者应用原级、比较级还是最高级。具体内容如下：
1．形容词、副词的各种用法。
2．形容词、副词的比较等级。
3．各种表示比较的句型。
4．形容词、副词构成的一些重要短语及句型。
考 点一 形容词
1．概念
形容词是用来描述人或事物的性质、特征或
状态的词，常用来修饰描述名词或不定代词。
意思是“……的”。
He is a _______ person, but he is good at tellingfunny stories that always make us laugh.(精讲4)A: serious B:kind C:polite D:livelyAThe speaker showed some ___ examples to make thescience report easy to understand.(精讲7)A: awful B:correct C:proper D:impoliteCTo plant the tree, we must dig _______.A: a three feet deep hole B:a three-foot-deep holeC: a three foot deep hole D:a three-feet-deep holeBIt has the double advantage of being easy and cheap.它具有既方便又便宜的双重优点。foot英尺，没有复数Keep to one job. Arolling stone gathers no moss(苔藓).你应该坚持一项工作.滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。3.形容词在句中作定语，表语，状语，宾语补足语和
主语补足语。
The bike is expensive.
The company is in a difficult situation.
He lay in bed,awake.
He spent seven days in the wind and snow,
cold and hungry.
We must keep our classroom clean.
表语
定语
主补
宾补
We found her reading in the library.
She was found reading in the library.
伴随状语
--Look, how wonderful this paper cutting is!
--So it is. Paper cutting is a ___ Chinese art with a
long history.
A: common B:modern C:normal D:traditional
D
The artist is so __. He can make different changing
pictures with sand.
A: famous B:creative C:brave D:friendly
B
注意：以-ly 结尾的单词不一定都是副词，有些形容词也
是以-ly结尾的，如friendly,lovely(可爱的)，lively
(充满活力的)，daily(每日的)，monthly（每月的），
lonely（孤独的）
定语
表语
My neighbor Mr. Green felt __after his son moved to
another city to work.
A: angry B:lonely C:sorry D:tired
B
Don't be__of this competition. It's a chance to
challenge yourself.
A: sure B:afraid C:glad D:proud
B
注意：有些形容词通常用作表语，如：afraid, awake,
asleep, ill, alive, alone, well等。
I felt ____ lying in the sun on the beach.(relax)
relaxed
注意：
--ing 形容词 --ed 形容词 例句
特点：一般用来形容事物本身具有的特征，性质，表示“令人..的”，主语一般是事或物。 特点：一般用来形容人对事物的感受，表示“感到...的”，主语一般是人。常用结构：sb.+ 系动词+-ed形容词+介词。 The story is so interesting that we are all interested in it.
AB合理的，恰当的He ran and ran, but he couldn't run __ to catch thebus.A: fast enough B:enough quickC:enough fast D:enough quickly我有足够的钱付车费。I have enough money to pay for the taxi.A5. 形容词的构成
1.名词+ y变为形容词
n + y: rainy, sunny foggy stormy, windy, snowy, frosty, cloudy, lucky, healthy, sleepy, noisy, guilty…
2.名词+ ly变为形容词
n + ly: lovely, friendly, lonely, lively weekly, daily…
3.名词+ 其它后缀变为形容词：
n+ ful: careful, beautiful…
n+ less: careless, useless…
n+ ous: dangerous…
1.He looked ________ because he didn’t pass the exam. (happy)
2.It is ________ to shout at the old people. (polite)
unhappy
impolite
Can you change the flowing words into opposites
+: possible ________ patient_________
+: correct________ active________
+: necessary__________ friendly_________
+: honest_________
+: regular_________
impossible
impatient
incorrect
inactive
unnecessary
unfriendly
dishonest
irregular
im
in
un
dis
ir
We can add prefixes to some adjectives to form
opposites.
某些形容词可以加上特定的前缀变成相应的反义词
考 点二 副词
1.概念
副词是用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念
的词， 常用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
意思为“……地”。
1. 常见以 ly结尾的副词(10年4考)
副词 含义 副词 含义
clearly 清楚地 directly 直接地
easily 容易地 especially 尤其，特别
exactly (2019.29) 准确地 finally(2012.37) 最后，最终
happily 快乐地 heavily 沉重地；剧烈地
properly 合适地 quickly(2011.40) 快速地
softly 温柔地 suddenly(2015.38) 突然
2.副词的分类
The gift from my best friend is getting older __, but
I still like it very much.
A: clearly B:suddenly C:slowly D:exactly
C
When you visit a foreign country, it is important for
you to know how to ask for help __.
A: widely B:lately C:hardly D:politely
D
2. 常见程度副词(10年5考)
程度副词 含义 程度副词 含义
almost 几乎，差不多 enough 足够
even 甚至 hardly 几乎不
just (2011.44) 仅仅 most 最，很，十分
much 非常，很， nearly 几乎
pretty 相当 only 只，仅仅
2.副词的分类
现在，几乎所有的商店都开门了。
Now, almost all the shops are open.
程度副词 含义 程度副词 含义
rather 相当 quite 非常
so 如此 right (2017.25) 正好
well (2018.24) 正好，刚刚；很，远远超过 still (2016.42) 仍然
too (2010.28) 太 very 很，非常
2.副词的分类
-- Jimmy, where are my glasses I have looked everywhere.
-- Oh, Granny. They are ___ on your nose.
A: even B:well C:right D:ever
Aunt Jane is now ___ over seventy, but she is still a great
cinema-goer.
A: very B:well C: about D:almost
C
B
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3. 常见频度副词(2014.28)
频度副词 含义 频度副词 含义
always (2014.28) 总是 usually 通常
often 经常 sometimes 有时
seldom 很少 hardly 几乎不
never 从不 twice 两次
ever 曾经 daily 每天
2.副词的分类
4. 常见时间副词(2010.42)
时间副词 含义 时间副词 含义
late (2010.42) 晚，迟 later 晚些时候，
过些时间
early 早地，提早 then 然后
ago 以前 already 已经
soon 很快 before 在……之前
once 曾经 now 现在
2.副词的分类
这本书曾经名噪一时，但是现在已经没有人读了。
This book was famous once, but nobody reads it now.
5. 常见连接副词(2017.39; 2013.33)
连接副词 含义 连接副词 含义
besides (2013.33) 此外，而且 however 然而
then (2017.39) 于是，那么 instead 而不是，代替
moreover 而且，此外 therefore 因此
anyway(2018.39) 尽管，即使这样 also 也
2.副词的分类
I don't want to go out now.It's raining hard.
Besides,I'm so tired.
现在我不想出门,外面正下大雨呢.再说我也累了.。
骑脚踏车是一项很好的运动。况且，它还可以减少
空气污染。
Cycling is a good sport.Besides, it can reduce
air pollution.
We thought the answers were correct. ____, we
missed some key points.
A: Instead B: However C: Then D: Besides
B
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6. 常见疑问副词(2014.42)
疑问副词 含义 用法
where (2014.42) 在哪里 对地点提问；可引导宾语从句和
定语从句
when 何时 对时间提问；可引导宾语从句和
定语从句
why 为什么 对原因提问，常用because回答；
可引导宾语从句和定语从句
how 怎样，怎么， 如何 对方式提问；可引导宾语从句
2.副词的分类
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7. 常见地点副词
地点副词 含义 地点副词 含义
here 在这儿 there 在那儿
outside 在外面 inside 在里面
anywhere 任何地方 everywhere 每个地方，到处
home (在)家里 away 在远处
2.副词的分类
表语
状语
宾语补足语
用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句。
4.副词的作用
1.修饰动词
2.修饰形容词
3.修饰副词
4.修饰整句
…goes directly to…
…are really worried
…has increased quite fast…
Luckily, protective ways like wearing face masks can help
__ say that English is too difficult for us to learn.
We can learn it well with efforts.
A: Always B:Sometimes C: Seldom D:Never
My brother has a healthy living habit. He__ stays
up late, and he is an early bird.
A: usually B:hardly C: always D:often
D
B
时间放最后
--I have trouble reading such a long passage.
-- You can read__ to get the main idea first .Don't
read word by word. Just read for the key points.
A: exactly B:probadly C: quickly D:directly
C
If one of your friends sends you a message to
borrow money on the internet, you'd better phone
him ____ first to make sure of that.
A: recently B:directly C: finally D:closely
B
--Must I check the test paper after I finish it
--Of course. You can never be __ careful with that.
A: enough B:too C: so D:very
B
Aunt Helen is___ kind and she always gives us a
hand when we are in trouble.
A: pretty B:nearly C: right D:almost
A
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4. 形容词与副词的转化(2014.69)
河南近10年中招真题仅在2014年考查过1次形容词转化为
副词(词尾加 ly)。常见的形容词变副词主要有如下几种情况：
(1)加 ly。如：
usual→usually通常地；一般地(2014.69)
careful→carefully细致地；小心地；谨慎地
6.
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(2)以y结尾的变y为i加 ly。如：
easy→easily容易地
happy→happily开心地；高兴地
(3)以le结尾的变le为ly。如：
probable→probably很可能；大概
simple→simply简单地
7. 常考的既可以作形容词又可以作副词的词
1. fast
2. early
3. late/lately
4. hard/hardly
5. well
6.high/highly
7.deep/deeply
8.wide/widely
1. fast
a fast car
Don't drive so fast.
2. early
He's in his early twenties.
We arrived early the next day.
3. late/lately
She is often late for work.
The birthday card arrived three days late.
Have you seen her lately
最近
Driving to work used to be popular, but__ ,more and
more people go to work by bike to avoid heavy traffic.
A: suddenly B:lately C: hardly D:luckily
B
4. hard/hardly
hard adj. 坚固的，坚硬的 a hard stone
难做的，难懂的 a hard choice
困苦的，艰苦的 a hard life
hard adv. 努力地，费力地 work hard
猛烈地， rain hard
hardly adv. 几乎不
她几乎不会说法语。
She can hardly speak French.
You can ______ expect me to lend you money again.
Some parents are ___ on their children.
hardly
hard
严厉的对待某人
5. well
adj. 健康的
I don't feel very well.
adv. 好
The kids all behaved well.
adv.完全地
Add the lemon juice and mix well.
adv. 很，相当，远远地
我和他很熟。
I know him really well.
He was driving at well over the speed limit.
他当时开车的速度远远超过了限制。
6. high/highly
adj. 高的
shoes with high heels
adv. 高地
jump high
adv.很，非常
His teachers think highly of him.
As a result,walking coach Sun Li'an thought highly
__ her ability and took her in as a student .
of
We all think highly of Zhong Nanshan because he
makes great contribution to our country.
我们都很敬重钟南山，因为他对我们国家做出了巨大的
贡献。
7. deep/deeply
adj. 深深的
a deep well
adv. 深深地
We talked deep into the night.
很，非常,强烈地
She was deeply moved.
He is ___ interested in English. He often works at
it until ___ into the night.
deeply
deep
8. wide/widely
adj. 宽的
a wide river
adv. 充分地，尽可能远地
The door was wide open.
In a few seconds she was wide awake.
adv. 广泛地
The idea is now widely accepted.
Smartphone are___ used in our daily lives now.
I searched far and ___ for the book and I still
can't find it.
widely
wide
形容词的比较级和最高级构成
词 尾 变 化 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st tall hard large wide
以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或est big hot thin fat wet
以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-est happy dry early
narrow clever
多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most difficult popular slowly
taller harder larger wider
tallest hardest largest widest
bigger hotter fatter wetter
biggest hottest fattest wettest
happier drier earlier
happiest driest earliest
narrower cleverer
narrowest cleverest
more difficult more popular
more slowly
most difficult most popular
most slowly
少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est
规则变化
B原级 good well bad ill many much little far old 比较级 最高级
better
best
worse
worst
less
more
most
farther/further
older/elder
least
farthest/furthest
oldest/eldest
不规则变化
The new kind of notebook is so _____that I can'tafford it. I will choose another one.(expensive)So wonderful! I have never heard __beautiful music.--I agree.A: too B: so C: such D: alsoBexpensive
注意：such和so的区分
1）such是形容词，常修饰名词。它有如下结构：①such + a/an +形容词+ n.(可数名词单数)，如：
　It’s such a beautiful flower.
　You have told us such an interesting story.
②such +形容词+ n.(可数名词复数)，如：
　You have made such foolish mistakes.
③such +形容词+ n.(不可数名词)，如：
　 I’m very glad that I can get
such good advice from you.
2）so是副词，表示程度，修饰形容词或副词。它有如下结构：
①so + 形容词/副词，如：
　This question is so difficult that I can’t answer it.
②so + 形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数，如：
　This is so difficult a question that all of us cannot answer it.
另外在many, much, few, little +名词的前面，只能用so,不能用such。
例如：There is so little milk in the refrigerator that I have to buy some.　　
BB The house is twice larger than hers.
一倍 once，两倍 twice，三倍 three times
三倍或以上 基数词＋times
A + be + 倍数 + as +adj.原+ as +B.
A是B的 …倍…
A + be + 倍数 + adj.比+ than +B
A比B … …倍
2. 比较级的用法(10年6考)
表示两者进行比较用比较级，常见结构有：
用法 例句
a/an＋形容词比较级＋名词单数/代词one，表示“一个更……的……”。 The dress is a little big for me, so I want to change it for a smaller one.这条裙子对我来说有点儿大， 所以我想换条小点儿的。
A...＋比较级(含more＋多音节形容词原级)＋than＋B，表示“A比B……”(即A＞B)。 Sam has longer hair than Tom. 山姆的头发比汤姆长。[八(上)Unit 3 P17]
C
用法 例句
A...＋less＋多音节形容词原级＋than＋B，表示“A不及B……”(即A否定词＋比较级(2015.25)，比较级＋than＋any other＋名词单数＋in/of...和比较级＋than＋the other＋名词复数，表示最高级含义 Li Lei is taller than any other student in our class.
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in our class.
=Li Lei is the tallest student in our class.
He studies harder than any other student in our class.
He studies harder than the other students in our class.
He studies hardest in our class.
用法 例句
比较级＋①________＋比较级，表示 “越来越……”。 注意：若比较级是在原级前加more构成的，则用“more and more＋形容词原级”表示“越来越……”。 Talent shows are getting more and more popular.选秀节目越来越受欢迎。[八(上)Unit 4 P29]
the＋比较级..，the＋比较级..， 表示“越……，就越……”。 The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.我们越了解对方，就越理解对方。
and
D
1、… is the +比较级 + of the two.
Tom is the taller of the two boys.
2.表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is+ 比较级，…or… ”
Which is longer, this one or that
Which subject is _____ , physics or chemistry
A. interesting B. most interesting
C. more interesting D. the most interesting
C
两个女孩中比较高的那个是我的姐姐。
The taller of the two girls is my sister.
由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的② ________。 Larry is much more hard working, though.不过，拉里工作努力得多得多。[八(上)Unit 3 P21]
比较级
B
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3. 最高级的用法(10年3考)
三者或三者以上进行比较时， 用最高级。河南中招对最高级的考查虽无明显的标志词， 但会在题干中出现表示比较范围的词组，如in her class (2017.24), quite a few restaurants (2016.25)，in NBA(2012.25)。
用法 例句
句末跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围时常用形容词最高级(2012.25)。 This picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有画中最好的。
形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再加④_____________。 She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。
“A＋be＋one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”。表示“A是……中最……之一”。 Deng Ziqi is one of the most popular ⑤________(singer)．邓紫棋是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
定冠词the
singers
C
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world's __
cross-sea bridge,won another international prize in
December ,2018.
A: long B:longer C: longest D:the longest
C
C
用法 例句
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who＋be/动词＋the＋形容词、副词最高级， A, B or C？ Who jumps highest, Tom, Kate or Bill？汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁跳得
最高？
“A＋be＋the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词单数＋范围”表示“第几最……”。 She is the second ⑥ ________(tall) girl in our class. 她是我们班第二高的女孩。
形容词比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数表示最高级(2017.24)。 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain. 珠穆朗玛峰比任何山都高。[八(下)Unit 7 P52]
tallest
AA1.The Yellow River is the second ________(long)
river in China.
2.Zhao Lei is one of ____ ___________ (young)
boys in his school.
3.Which is ____ _______ (big),the sun, the
earth or the moon
longest
the youngest
the biggest
四.用所给词的适当形式填空.
4.Mary has three brothers.Smith is____ _______
(tall) of the three.
the tallest
5.Mount Qomolangma is ____ ______ (high) in the world .
the highest
6.Jim jumped _________ (high) of the all.
highest
CC The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world's __
cross-sea bridge,won another international prize in
December ,2018.
A: long B:longer C: longest D:the longest
--Is the boy's house ten miles away from the school
--Yes. He lives __ in his class.
A: far B:further C: farthest D:the further
C
注意：形容词最高级前必须加the，
副词最高级前可省略the.
--Why don't you get yourself a job ---That's ____ said than done.A: easy B: easier C: the easier D: the easiestB--What a clear blue sky it is!---Yes. I have never seen ____ sky.A: a more beautiful B: a most beautifulC: the more beautiful D: the most beautifulABBBCCCC4. Which subject is _____ , physics or chemistry A. interesting B. most interestingC. more interesting D. the most interestingC5. Study hard!____you study , ___ results you will get.A. harder;better B. The harder;betterC. The harder; the better D. Harder; the betterCShi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes directly to the lungs, is a major health threat.
Beijing’s air was widely polluted on Monday, according to the China National Environmental Controlling Center.
Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.
When do we use adverbs
1. 修饰动词
Scientists are really worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer.
Air quality in the capital is very bad because of the heavy fog.
Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.
When do we use adverbs
2.修饰在形容词
Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes directly to the lungs, is a major health threat.
Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.
When do we use adverbs
4.修饰整句
We can take a walk, for the wind blows __________ in March than in February. (gentle)
Of all the pollution fighters, trees protect our environment _____ (good). So we should plant more trees.
_______, we can save more electricity during Earth Hour. (actual)
Actually
carefully
more gently
best
What can we do to save the earth
sort v. 分类
We can sort the rubbish as _______ as our classmates.(careful)
1. 频率副词
always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never
I usually watch TV.
2. 程度副词
very, quite ,so, such ,really ,rather, too , enough
It’s very/so hot today.
3. 方式副词(-ly)
My father shouted at me angrily.
4. 疑问副词
how long, how far, how often, how soon, how much
---How long have you been away from your hometown
---Since 5 years ago.
D. 副词的分类
1. 在大多数的形容词后加-ly
sweetly, beautifully, loudly …
2.
happily, angrily, noisily…
3.
4.以le结尾的，去e+y
E. 方式副词的构成
以e结尾,+ ly,
nicely，politely，safely…（true- truly）
辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i再加-ly
terrible-terribly,
possibly, comfortably
1. 许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。
如：friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, likely, daily
2. 有些形容词和副词同形：
如：early，late， fast，high，hard，straight
（请注意hardly的意思及用法）
易错点：
1. much, still, a bit, even, far, a lot等常用来修饰比较级
*She is much taller than Mrs. Liu.
*This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的注意点：
2. 在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词
Mary’s hair is the same color as her mother’s.
*The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai
*This pen is shorter than that one.
副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.
形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.
Attentions
Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.
Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.
fast-faster-fastest
slowly- more slowly –most slowly
1. The bread is ____ than these cakes
A. very delicious B. much delicious
C. more delicious D. as delicious
2. Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump
in the school sports meeting
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far
3. When they met in the hotel . They talked
and laughed ______
A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest
C
C
Practice
A
4. In our city it’s ____ in July ,but it is even ____ in August
A. hotter hottest B. hot hot
C. hotter hot D. hot hotter
5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the
second ______ island in china.
A. large B. larger
C. largest D. most largest
6. An elephant is ____ than a tiger .
A. heavy B. very heavy
C. the heaviest D. heavier
D
C
D
7. A horse is ______ than a dog .
A. much heavy B. more heavier
C. much heavier D. more heavy
8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _____.
A. care B. careful
C. carefully D. careless
9. Which subject is _____ , physics or chemistry
A. interesting B. most interesting
C. more interesting D. the most interesting
C
D
C
10. He is ___ enough to carry the heavy box .
A. strong B. stronger
C. much stronger D. the strongest
11. Li lei often talks ___ but does ___ so everyone says he is a good boy .
A. less more B. few much
C. more little D. little many
12. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very ___ .
A. loudly B. loud
C. heavily D. high
A
A
A