人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading and Thinking课件(共43张PPT)

(共43张PPT)
新人教版高中英语选择性必修四Unit3 Sea Exploration
Reading and Thinking
To develop your interest in ocean lives and voyage stories.
To identify types of the text and summarize the main idea of each part.
To develop your reading habits, like general reading, scanning for details and analyzing of the passage structure.
Pre-reading
They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development.
--- Xi Jinping
习近平
海洋孕育了生命，联通了世界，促进了发展。
What sea animals and plants do you know
shark
sea turtle
dolphin
whale
seahorse
seaweed
coral珊瑚
Learn about sea exploration
Pre-reading
Do you know any stories about sea voyages Share your story with a partner.
History and Facts
From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited South-East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa.
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
India
Americas
Spain
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon(偶然发现) the Americas.
Vasco da Gama (1460-1524) sailed from Lisbon in 1497 on a mission to reach India and open a sea route from Western Europe to the east by way of the Cape of Good Hope(好望角).
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
India
Spain
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
Spain
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) sailed west from Spain in 1519 across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and discovered a route by which ships could sail a complete circle around the world. The Straits of Magellan (麦哲伦海峡), located at the Southern tip of South America are named for him.
While-reading
Read for genre.
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository说明文, and argumentative议论文.
[ k sp z t r ]
① Narrative : a story with a beginning + middle + end.
② Descriptive : a subject + interesting details
③ Expository : a subject+ factual information
④ Argumentative : an idea + to convince the reader
Listen to the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Read for main idea.
Para.1　 A. China is also joining with other countries on other
important projects.
Para.2 B. Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para.3 C. In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para.4 D. Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para.5 E. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged
cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and
the rest of the world.
Para.6 F. China is also joining with other countries on other
important projects.
Reaching out Across the Sea
(an expository essay)
Para. 1
Para. 2 ~ 3
Para. 4 ~ 5
Para. 6
in the past
introduction to the topic
in the future
at present
How Chinese people have conducted sea explorations over time.
Time Order
Read for structure.
How is the passage developed
Which is introduced in each exploration
Time
Region
Result/
Purpose
in ancient times
in Ming Dynasty
today
in the future
Time sequence/order.
in recent years
Read for details. (Finish the timeline)
in ancient times
in the Ming Dynasty
today
in recent years
far into the future
Time
Region
Purpose
/ Significance
India, the Middle East, Rome, the coasts of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka
the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the mouth of the Red Sea, the east coast of Africa
the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He, the Belt and Road Area
the Arctic
unknown
negotiate trade deals, cultural awareness
develop relations
encourage cooperation and trade, strengthen the bonds, develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange
trade and enhance relationships
understand climate change and its effects
Para. 2
Para. 5
Para. 4
Para. 3
Para. 6
Read for details.
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Read for details.
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Post-reading
Group Discussion
1. Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
2. What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
3. What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
4. What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
Question
Fact
Opinion
European explores, China, India, Ceylon, African royal families;
For trade
1
2
3
4
They got new products from many countries and became more aware of other cultures;
It led to invasion and conquest.
The land and sea routes remained active channels between different cultures for centuries;
It advanced the spread of knowledge, technology, and goods, and made the world a smaller place.
The aim of it is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historical Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world
It will lead to greater integration with China and other countries.
It will promote joint development, enhance mutually beneficial cooperation and develop common prosperity
Are there questions discussed on the same aspect
When you think about one historical or contemporary event, which aspects should you consider to gain a full understanding
Group Discussion
Time, event, region, purpose or significance…
Language Points
Reaching out Across the Sea
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
1 form/lay the foundation of...
为......打下基础
Tu Youyou ___________________________________of her success by hard work and perseverance.
laid/formed the foundation
However, merchants and explorers from the East
set sail from east to west many years before
Columbus first did.
2
句意：然而，来自于东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布从东向西航行早了许多年。
set sail 起航；开航 set sail for ...起航前往...
高考结束后，我们将告别彼此并启航驶向未知的未来。
After the College Entrance Examination,we will bid farewell to each other and ___________________.
set sail for an unknown future
set out动身，出发，开始+to do sth
set about (doing)开始做某事，攻击
set off 出发，动身,引爆
set apart 分开，区别
set aside 放置一旁，不理会，留出
set down 记下，（使）放下/坐下
set back向后移，推迟，拨慢（钟表）
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland
to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became
known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea
was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean,
centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants
from China and many other places met to negotiate trade
deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's
cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded
in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
句意：在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
In ancient times, silk from China found its way
overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along
what became known as the Silk Road.
3
what引导宾语从句
what 引导名词性从句
什么
......的人/事/物/地方......
主语
宾语
表语
从句中
中文意义
1. He has got what he wants .
2. The girl is no longer what she used to be.
3.After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
从句中作宾语
从句中充当表语
从句中充当主语
表示“……的人或的样子
表示“……的东西或事情”
表示“……的时间”
似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
4. In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
表示“……的地方”
从句中充当主语
I was amazed by the size of Zheng He’s treasure ship.
What amazed me was the
size of Zheng He’s treasure
ship.
Zheng He was born in the region which is now Yunnan province to Muslim parents.
用what 引导的名词性从句改写句子。
Zheng He was born what is
now Yunnan province to
Muslim parents.
A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
3
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
vi.延伸 ，扩展，持续
Yongle Emperor tried to ______________________ beyond the borders by sending seven maritime
expeditions.
永乐帝尽力想要通过七次海上探险将中国的影响力延伸到版图之外。
extend China’s influence
We decided to _______________ by another day.我们决定将访问延长一天。
extend our visit
Here, merchants from China and many other
places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led
to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
4
句意：在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议，这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。
negotiate vt. 商定；达成（协议）
vi. 谈判；磋商；协商
negotiate about (for) sth. 就某事进行交涉
negotiate with sb. 与某人进行交涉（以达成协议）
1. The government will not negotiate ____ terrorists.
2. The two countries are negotiating ______ a
peaceful settlement.
with
for
Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.
5
as recorded 是过去分词作方式状语，是as (it is ）recorded 的省略。
用于此句式的这类动词，多是“计划，想象，预料，叙述，描述，提及，说及，显示，指出”之类的词，常见的还有：
as expected 正如预料的那样
as imagined 正如想象的那样
as arranged/planned 正如计划的那样
as seen from above 正如从上述看的那样
as said before正如说过的（那样）
as mentioned 正如提到的（那样）
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
command 的用法：
1 ）用作名词n. 命令，指挥；司令部，指挥部；[计算机]指令；控制力)
The army is under the king's direct command.
军队由国王直接统帅。
under one’s command
under the command of sb
由……指挥/统帅
He has a good command of French.
他的法文很好。
have a good command of
精通/擅长......
The general issued a command that all of them should come at six o'clock.
将军颁布了一道命令,所有的人都要在六点钟到。
issue a command
发布命令
2） command用作动词： vt. 指挥，控制，命令；命令 vi. 给出命令；命令，指令；
command 后接宾语从句时，需用虚拟语气：sb. +（should）+动词原形。
同义转换：
I command him to go at once.
I command that__________________.
翻译：
He was told to command his temper.
he (should) go at once
他被告知要控制自己的脾气。
Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
9
句意：尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。
withdraw vi.&vt. （使）撤回；撤离
(withdrew, withdrawn)
withdraw from sth. 退出；离开；从……提取
例：一直有人呼吁英国退出欧盟。
There have been calls for Britain to ___________ the EU.
withdraw from
China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
10 …there are still many other places left to explore.
结构：“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词作定语”
1）There are many young people _______(work)in the fields.
2）There were ten people______(kill) in the accident.
3）There was nobody _________ (look)after the kid.
working
现在分词作定语表主动进行
killed
过去分词分词作定语表被动完成
to look
不定式作定语表动作未发生
有时过去分词也可表状态。
There were some old man seated in the back.
11 .From a scientific point of view, there is an
urgent need to study the Arctic in order to
understand climate change and its effects.
There is an urgent need ____qualified teachers in poor areas.
There is an urgent need for sth/sb急需某物/某人
There is an urgent need to do sth急需做某事
for
There is an urgent need__________(control)
the sale of private guns in America .
to control
Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
12
句意：几百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋走向遥远的未来。
in hand 在手头；可供使用
例：I still have some money __ hand.
in
【拓展】hand相关短语
at hand 在手边，在近处；即将到来
by hand 用手工
on hand 在手边（随时可用）
Homework
Homework
Think about the following question and write a short essay
As students what contributions could we make to the Belt and Road Initiative
Homework
There is no doubt that the Belt and Road is the hottest issue recently. As students, what contributions can we make to it
Firstly, we can participate in social volunteer activities which benefit understanding the development of society deeply. In addition, we should study hard and learn more about Chinese culture so that we can spread our excellent culture to the world through our professional knowledge. Finally, English learning is important for us because we can introduce the advantages of the Belt and Road Initiative to foreigners in English and encourage more countries to join it.
All in all, we should start with little things and keep doing them.