2024届高考英语二轮专题复习 牛津译林版（2019）：第一讲　代词课件(共27张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
专题三　不可忽视的小词——代词、冠词和介词
第一讲　代词
考点分类突破
考点一　人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
Wang Fang is our① monitor. Although she② devoted much of her① energy to class management, she② did not make herself③ lag behind others in learning.My① books are clean, while hers④ are full of notes.Therefore, everyone admired her⑤ very much.
注释：
①为形容词性物主代词，放在名词之前作定语。②为代词的主格形式作主语。③为反身代词，可作宾语、表语或同位语。④为名词性物主代词，后面不加名词，可作主语、宾语或表语。⑤为代词的宾格形式作宾语。
语境导入
1．基本用法
重难精析
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
功能 主语 宾语、表语 定语 主语、表语、宾语 宾语、表语、同位语
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
功能 主语 宾语、表语 定语 主语、表语、宾语 宾语、表语、同位语
第三
人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
2.反身代词的习惯用法
与介词搭配 by oneself　 独自地
for oneself 替自己；为自己
of oneself 自动地
in oneself 本质上；本身
与动词搭配 apply oneself to　　　专心致志于
behave oneself 举止得体；行为检点
dress oneself 打扮；自己穿衣
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于
help oneself to 随便吃/用
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
seat oneself 就座；入席
make yourself at home 别客气
teach oneself 自学
3．it的基本用法
用法 好句
指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等 It is early spring，but it is already hot.
现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。
指代前面提过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词 That vase is valuable. It is more than 200 years old.
那个花瓶很珍贵。它有200多年的历史。
用法 好句
指不知性别的婴儿或身份不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁) The baby cried because it was hungry.
这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
it用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作形式主语或形式宾语 I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.
我已经讲得很清楚了，任何人都不准在此吸烟。
4.it作形式主语或形式宾语的常用句型
it作形式主语 It is a pity/shame that ...真可惜……
It is no wonder that ... 难怪……
It seems/appears that ...似乎/看来……
It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像……
It happens that ... 碰巧……
It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb.that ...某人突然想起……
It is said/reported that ...据说/据报道……
It is certain that ...……是一定的
It is no use/good doing ...做……没有用/好处
It takes sb. some time to do ...
做……花费某人多长时间
it作形式宾语 ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb. to do/that从句
②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time/money/energy ...＋doing ...
5．it的常用短语或句型
When it comes to learning English，reading widely is of great importance.
谈到学习英语，广泛阅读很重要。
You can count/rely/depend on it that he will help you out.
你可以相信他能帮助你摆脱困境。
I can't help it if he is always complaining.
如果他总是抱怨，我没办法。
We finally made it to the airport though it was rainy.
尽管下雨了，我们最终及时赶到了机场。
As someone puts it，practice makes perfect.
正如某人所说，熟能生巧。
Please see to it that you fasten the safety belt when driving.
开车时确保系好安全带。
I take it that you don't agree with the manager.
我想你不同意经理的意见。
It is/has been three years since he joined the army.
他参军三年了。
It was three years before he returned home.
过了三年他才回家。
[点对点练习]　单句语法填空
1．(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony，opening ___ (it) first exhibition：The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the song goes，this long and winding road “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in ____ (I)．
3．(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism has ___ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
its
mine
its
4．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine __________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
5．(经典高考题)When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find ____ (they) alive.
themselves
them
考点二　不定代词
1．all/every/both/each/neither/none
There are 50 students in my class.Though not all① of us are studying well，we all① study hard.Every student② has a dream university，though not every student② can be admitted to a famous one.My deskmate and I both③ like music，but both of us don't③ want to enter a music institute.Each④ of us has chosen our future college.We have 14 teachers in all，none⑤ of whom treat us badly.However，my deskmate and I are both③ fat，so neither⑥ of us love PE classes.
语境导入
注释：
①all指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部”。作主语时，谓语动词通常依据所指为可数名词还是不可数名词而定；与not连用表示部分否定。②every强调(整体中的)每一个，只能作定语，修饰单数可数名词，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一个”，与not连用构成部分否定。③both表示“两者(都)”。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；与not连用表示部分否定，意为“两者并不都……”。④each强调个体，可作代词和形容词，修饰单数可数名词，指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，可以与of短语连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作同位语时，谓语动词的数和主语保持一致。⑤none表示“(三者及三者以上中)无一个”或“没有一点儿”。后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。⑥neither表示“(两者)都不”。单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。
2．anything/nothing/something/everything
—Do you have anything① to say about your exam
—No，I have nothing② to say about it.
—I hope you can share something③ special about your school.
—I have told you that I don't have anything① to say about it.Everything④ has gone wrong.
注释：
①anything表示“任何事物，一些事”时，用于否定句和疑问句中；表示“随便什么事物”，用于肯定句中。②nothing表示“什么也没有”，可用于肯定、疑问及否定句。③something表示“某事(物)”，一般用于肯定句中。④everything表示“一切”，强调全体，但谓语动词要用单数。
3．the other，another，others与the others
—Excuse me.Can you exchange this T-shirt for another① one Some others② say it doesn't fit me well.
—Of course.This T-shirt comes in two sizes；you can try on the other③ one.
—Don't bother.There are so many shops and I will go to see the others④.
注释：
①another泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。②others表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。③the other可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”。④特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物”时用the others。
4．替代词that，those，one，ones，the one，the ones
I found a beautiful coat in a shop，but it was very expensive.Luckily，I found one① looking the same online and it was much cheaper than that②/the one③ in the physical shop.However，when I received the coat，I realized though the ones④ sold online were much cheaper，they were not as good as those⑤ in physical shops.I would rather spend more money on better ones⑥ with high quality.
注释：
①one替代上文出现的单数可数名词，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”。②that替代上文出现的可数名词单数或不可数名词，相当于“the＋单数名词/不可数名词”。③the one替代特指的可数名词单数，相当于“the＋单数名词”。④the ones替代复数名词，相当于“the＋可数名词复数”。⑤those 替代复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)，相当于“the＋可数名词复数”。⑥ones替代复数名词。所替代名词都是同类不同物；同类同物替代用it/them。
1．other，others，the other/others，another
重难精析
other 不能单独使用，常与复数名词连用，如果前面有the，some，any，each，every，no以及形容词性物主代词时，也可与可数名词单数连用
others 表示泛指，相当于“other＋复数名词”，可构成some ... others ...“一些……另一些……”
the other/others “the other＋单数可数名词”特指两者中的另一个，常有one ... the other ...“一个……另一个……”的搭配，其复数形式为the others或“the other＋复数名词”，特指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，其余的人或物
another 指三者或三者以上中的另一个，表示泛指，后接单数名词，也可以用于“another＋数词＋名词复数”，表示“另外几个……”的含义
2.one(s)，that，those
在文中为避免重复，one(s)，that，those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。
one(s) one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”； ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指。 a/an＋可数名词单数＝one；
the＋可数名词单数＝that/the one；
the＋不可数名词＝that；
that 代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。
those 代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the ones。 the＋可数名词复数＝the ones/those；
可数名词复数＝ones。
3.both，all，either，any，neither，none的用法
都 任一 都不
两者 both either neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
4.none，no one/nobody，nothing的用法
指代 回答 特/泛指
none 人或物 how many/ uch 特指
no one/nobody 指人 who 泛指
nothing 指物 what 泛指
[点对点练习]　单句语法填空
1．She remembered how difficult __ was to choose a suitable present for her father.
2．The less skin a person has relative to his weight，the easier __ is for him to keep warm.
3．When I was on the airplane，I kept telling ______ (I) that I had to be strong when facing any troubles or problems.
4．If we keep practicing，gradually we'll learn how to express _________ (we) in English.
5．Like university students，US high school students have the freedom to choose the courses that most interest ____ (they)．
6．When he came to life，he found _______ (he) lying on the ground，bleeding in the head.
it
it
myself
ourselves
them
himself
谢谢大家！