2024届高考英语二轮专题复习 牛津译林版（2019）第二讲　名词性从句课件(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
专题四　理清常用句式——并列句、三大从句和特殊句式
第二讲　名词性从句
考点分类突破
语境导入
注释：
①位于抽象名词之后，解释该名词内容的句子为同位语从句。②谓语动词之前的从句为名词性从句中的主语从句。此外，该种从句可以用it作形式主语。③位于be动词之后的从句是名词性从句中的表语从句。④位于及物动词或介词之后的从句是名词性从句中的宾语从句。
Ⅰ.主语从句
1．主语从句的引导词
Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.
长久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。
重难精析
从属连词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语
[易错提醒]　
①that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
②当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
2．形式主语
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
[易错提醒]
当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接or not时，只能用whether。
[点对点练习1]　单句语法填空
1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song The Long and Winding Road. ____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
2．(经典高考题)It is possible ____ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans，too.
3．It is by no means clear ____ the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.
4．____ he will give up his job surprises all of us.
5．_______ did it should be responsible for it.
What
that
what
That
Whoever
Ⅱ.宾语从句
1．宾语从句的引导词
She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tells us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
从属连词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语
[易错提醒]　
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：
①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；
②宾语从句前有插入语时；
③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。
2．it作形式宾语的常见句型
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句
(3)动词短语see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句
(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋从句
Let's make it a rule that we must finish homework on time.
我们把按时完成作业当作一条规定确定下来吧。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
3．宾语从句的时态
一般情况下，宾语从句需与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句需用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，需用一般现在时。
He says that he went to Beijing last month.
他说他上个月去了北京。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说，地球绕着太阳转。
[点对点练习2]　单句语法填空
1．(2020·浙江卷)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ____ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
2．(经典高考题)I'm not sure ___ is more frightened，me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
3．I doubt __________ he has the ability to do it well.
4．After ____ seemed a long time，he came to himself.
5．The gold medal will be awarded to _______ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
what
who
whether/if
what
whoever
Ⅲ.表语从句
1．表语从句的引导词
从属连词 that，whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语
The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
[易错提醒]
if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as if/as though引导表语从句
as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾笼罩着整个城市。好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。
3．其他常考的表语从句
(1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reason why ...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late.
他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
[点对点练习3]　单句语法填空
1．This is ___ there is a saying that if you want something done，ask a busy person to do it.
2．The question is ____ we should do.
Ⅳ.同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见的后接同位语从句的名词有advice，conclusion，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，promise，question，suggestion，thought，truth，wish，word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that，whether，how，where，when，why等。
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
why
what
[易错提醒]
that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语that可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，但不能省略，也不能用其他词替换。
[点对点练习4]　单句语法填空
1．(经典高考题)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ____ they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
2．He referred to Copernicus' statement ____ the earth moves round the sun.
3．And you should also have a belief ____ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
that
that
that
考点分层演练
层级一　基础达标练
单句语法填空
1．(2022·临沂市蒙阴一中三模)He has made it clear ____ the meeting will not be postponed.
2．(2022·菏泽曹县模拟)Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building，and that's _____ I don't agree.
3．(2022·东平模拟)The problem is ____ one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.
4．(2022·济宁冲刺卷)This should serve as a warning_____ people should be aware of their surroundings，especially when crossing roads.
that
where
that
that
5．(2022·大理考前最后一卷)Therefore，it is advisable ____ you should value and treat them with care.
6．(2022·济宁市第一次摸底考试)The reason for his absence yesterday was ____ he did have something to do.
7．(2022·辽宁八校联考)This is ____ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
8．(2022·永州模拟)But most importantly，____ you need is good feedback. You'd better have someone that can correct your mistakes immediately.
9．(2022·临沧市模拟)______ interested her most was the longitude line.
10．(2022·渭南市测试)______ she became an artist may have been due to her father's influence.
that
that
what
what
What
That
11．(2022·普洱市四校联考卷)___________ I spend my summer is no business of yours.
12．(2022·恩施模拟) The researchers predicted ____ if temperatures continued to rise，the average American student could lose $25，000 in income over their lifetime because of lower exam results.
13．(2022·来宾市模拟)He was not looking for others' smiles，or worrying about _______ someone was watching or not.
14．(2022·玉林预测卷)Students can choose _____________ they want to do and register online.
15．(2022·蚌埠模拟)I doubt __________ he has the ability to do it well.
Where/How
that
whether
what/whatever
whether/if
层级二　语篇提能练
语法填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．________ worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is 2.________ she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.________ she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can't sleep well these days.Maybe this is 4.________ she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.5.________ she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she can get better suggestions and 6._________ will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents' suggestion 7._________ she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital.Professor Wang suggests 8.________ she keep a balanced diet first.She should eat
vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What's more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang 9._________ she should take exercise.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon.That is 10._________she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的同学玛丽的烦恼，她最近胖了很多而且经常生病，向王教授咨询，在王教授的帮助下，玛丽通过均衡饮食和运动变得越来越健康。
1．What　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，第一个空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么，所……的”，故用what。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填What。
2．that　考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后面为表语从句，从句成分完整，因此用that引导，that无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分。故填that。
3．whether　考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，doubt后接的是同位语从句，从句说的是doubt的内容，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，故填whether。
4．why　考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后接的是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“……的原因”，故填why。
5．How　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，has been前为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“如何，怎样”，故用how。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填How。
6．who　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，puzzle前为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“谁”，故填who。
7．that　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，真正的主语为空后的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，故填that。
8．that　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，suggests后接的是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，故填that。
9．when　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，ask接双宾语，空后为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，根据下文可知表示“什么时间”，故填when。
10．because　考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后接的是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“原因”，故填because。
层级三　语法写作练
1．what引导的名词性从句最显眼
典例　(2022·全国甲卷)首先，我们能做的就是停止向海洋中扔垃圾。
First of all，what we can do to make a difference is stopping throwing garbage into oceans.
运用　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)给我印象最深的是大卫的决心和坚持。
_________________________________________________________________
What impressed me most was David's determination and persistence.
2．同位语从句放在开头实力开篇
典例　(2020·浙江卷7月)听到你请病假回家的消息，我很难过。
I am sorry to hear the news that you have gone back home on sick leave.
运用　(2021·全国乙卷)没有人能否认在线学习正变得越来越流行这一事实。
__________________________________________________________________________
No one can deny the fact that online learning is becoming more and more popular.
3．表语从句之前的连词要考虑周全
典例　(经典高考题)我很抱歉我不能和你一起按计划去书店了。原因是我那时有一个重要的会要参加。
I'm sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you as planned.The reason is that I have an important meeting to attend then.
运用　(2021·北京卷)很抱歉，我不能按计划和你一起出去。原因是我弟弟前几天摔断了腿，我必须照顾他。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm sorry that I can't go out with you as planned.The reason is that my younger brother broke his leg the other day and I must look after him.
4．That/This is because/why ...灵活简练
典例　(经典高考题)我五岁时开始学画画，我非常喜爱绘画。这就是我想让您安排关于西方美术讲座的原因。
I took up drawing at the age of five and I'm fond of painting.This is why I want you to arrange a lecture on Western art.
运用　(2021·浙江卷6月)这个展览非常精彩，展示了中国文化的魅力。这就是为什么我想推荐我的同学们也来参加这个艺术展的原因。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The exhibition is fantastic and shows the charm of Chinese culture.This is why I would like to recommend my fellow students to attend this art show as well.
5．注意名词性从句与虚拟语气的结合
典例　(经典高考题)我建议你从北京开始，我会带你游览这个城市。
I suggest that you begin from Beijing and I will show you around this city.
运用　(2021·上海卷)我建议你选择听说课程，因为这门课程完全是用中文教授的，这会对你有很大的好处。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I recommend that you choose the Listening and Speaking course，because the course is entirely taught in Chinese，which will benefit you a lot.
谢谢大家！