常考题型04 开放作文--2023-2024学年中考英语书面表达素材考点纲目

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
常考题型04 开放作文
2023-2024学年中考英语书面表达素材考点纲目
写作方法：
认真审题，提炼主题
开放作文主要分为图画型、标题型和材料型三种，不同类型的开放作文写作时的第一步是相同的，即分析图画、标题或材料所提供的信息，进而确定主题。
联系生活，确定要点
以自己确定的主题为纲，进一步思考其内涵和外延，联系自己的学习、生活实际，确定写作的要点。
细化要点，布局谋篇
将要点进一步细化，使要点更丰满。对于开放作文，通常我们可 以采用三段式的写作模式来行文，这一行文模式使文章脉络清晰，在一定程度上降低了行文难度。
斟词酌句，组句成篇
选择适当的词语或结构将要点表达出来，选择适当的句型和适当的过渡语组句成文。切忌一边用汉语思考，一边“翻译”。
【模板范文】
（2022·江苏南京·一模）疫情期间，同学们不得不在家上网课。针对网课，在学生调查中发现存在两种不同观点，请以 I Prefer to Study at School/at Home（选择你赞同的一方面）为题写一篇短文。
一些学生 认为不用去学校 理由：1. 既节省路上的时间又省了交通费用；2. 有更多空余时间，可以在薄弱学科多下功夫
另一些学生 认为有必要去学校 理由：1.面对面交流学习效果更佳；2.和同学相处，乐趣很多
我 …… 理由：……（自拟至少 2 点）
提示词： 网课 online course 新冠疫情 corona-virus pandemic
注意：
1. 内容涵盖要点，可适当发挥，全文连贯通顺；
2. 词数 90 词左右；
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
I Prefer to Study __________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I Prefer to Study at School
To be honest, I prefer to study at school.
I used to think how great it would be if we could study at home. We wouldn’t have to get up so early and we would have more free time to do our own things. However, the truth is not what I thought. Studying at home seems to be busier than at school.
Now, I enjoy studying at school. First, I think face-to-face communication is better for learning. Second, it’s good for us to study with classmates. We have lots of things in common and we can share things with each other and help each other.
In a word, I really hate studying online again. I guess my classmates would prefer to study at school like me.
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目是一篇材料作文。根据“I Prefer to Study at School/at Home”来选择一个自己赞同的一方并以此为题写一篇短文。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述故事内容；时态采用一般过去时和一般现在时为主。第一段选择赞同的观点；第二段描述过去的想法；第三段讲述自己为什么选择这种观点的理由；第四段进行总结。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
【万能模板之 漫画寓意】
It seems to me that the picture is sending a message about漫画的内容概括成主题，which is. . . The picture describes that 漫画内容的细节描写. In my opinion, 自己\“我”的理解.
This simple picture gives us a wake-up call for 某一现象／问题. Therefore, it is high time for us to take immediate measures to put an end to. . . On the one hand, we must 解决问题的办法\措施. It is clear that the picture is urging to. . . On the other hand, 解决问题的办法\措施. Only in this way can we. . .
【真题再现】
A
（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）
假定你是李辉，你制作的关于家乡变化的海报在某英文网站展示并获得好评。请结合下面图示信息，用英语写一篇短文向该网站浏览者简述你的制作经历。
注意：
1．短文须包含上图所有信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．文中不得出现真实姓名和地名；
3．词数80～100（短文题目与首句已为你写好，不计入总词数）。
参考词汇： poster（n. 海报）； design（v. & n. 设计）
My Experience of Making a Poster
Last week, I made a poster of the great changes in my hometown.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
My Experience of Making a Poster
Last week, I made a poster of the great changes in my hometown. The purpose of making it is to show the rapid development of my hometown in recent years. Firstly, I asked my grandparents about their past living conditions. Then, I found some old photos online to compare the past and present of my hometown. Finally, I sorted the information that I had learned and designed a poster with relevant pictures attached.
This experience helps me know better about my hometown. With its development, people have led better lives and the environment has been improved. I am very happy to see these changes. As a member of this town, I will contribute my own efforts to its development.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏“图示信息”中的各个要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接所给开头，介绍制作海报的目的；
第二步，具体阐述制作海报的过程；
第三步，表达从这次经历中学到的东西以及自己的感悟。
[亮点词汇]
①rapid development快速发展
②living conditions生活条件
③sorted the information把信息分类
④lead a better life过上更好的生活
[高分句型]
①Finally, I sorted the information that I had learned and designed a poster with relevant pictures attached.（that引导的定语从句）
②With its development, people have led better lives and the environment has been improved.（现在完成时的被动语态）
B
（2023·北京·统考中考真题）
假设你是李华。你们班想在毕业之前为学校做一件有意义的事，如种植纪念树、去校图书馆整理图书等。你打算邀请交换生Peter参加这次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动内容、意义及安排。
提示词语：invite, plant, meaningful, beautiful, library
提示问题：What activity do you plan to do
Why do you want to organize this activity
When and where will you have this activity
Dear Peter,
How is everything going
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
How is everything going I’m writing to invite you to join us. As we are going to graduate, our classmates plan to plant a tree together. We all know that trees can stop the wind from blowing the sand, and they can also make our school beautiful. So we decide to plant a tree for our school. Next Sunday, we will meet at the gate of the school and then go to the playground. We will dig a hole, plant the tree and then water it. I believe we all will have a great time.
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般将来时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给提示问题中包含的关键信息，写邮件告诉Peter活动内容、意义及安排。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写电子邮件的目的是邀请Peter参加活动；
第二步，介绍计划什么活动、组织这一活动的原因及具体安排；
第三步，期待收到回复。
[亮点词汇]
①invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
②join sb. 加入某人
③stop ... from doing sth. 阻止……做某事
[高分句型]
①As we are going to graduate, our classmates plan to plant a tree together.（as引导原因状语从句）
②I believe we all will have a great time.（省略that的宾语从句）
C
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，给你的笔友Peter用英文写一封邮件，向他讲述你班同学王亮的一个感人故事。
（1）一个下雨天，王亮在路上看到一群人聚在一起。
（2）他走过去，看到一位老妇人躺在地上。
（3）了解情况后，他蹲下为老人撑伞。
（4）救护车到达后，他悄悄地离开了。
（5）你认为……
参考词汇：蹲下 crouch down
救护车 ambulance
要求：
（1）词数：80~100个。
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Dear Peter,
How is everything going I’d like to tell you a story about my classmate, Wang Liang.
On a rainy day, ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Do you have a story to share Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Peter,
How is everything going I’d like to tell you a story about my classmate, Wang Liang.
On a rainy day, Wang Liang saw a group of people gathering on the road. He went over and saw an old woman lying on the ground. Knowing the situation, he crouched down to hold an umbrella for the old man. When the ambulance arrived, he left quietly.
I think Wang Liang is a good student who helps others. We should learn from him.
Do you have a story to share Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏给出的五个要点提示，写邮件向笔友Peter讲述同学王亮的感人故事。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，介绍同学王亮的故事；
第二步，具体讲述这个感人故事；
第三步，发表自己的感想；
第四步，期望收到对方回复。
[亮点词汇]
①tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事
②go over 走过去
③see sb doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
④learn from sb. 向某人学习
[高分句型]
①When the ambulance arrived, he left quietly.（when引导时间状语从句）
②I think Wang Liang is a good student who helps others.（省略that的宾语从句；who引导定语从句）
D
（2023·福建·统考中考真题）
某地“美丽乡村（Beautiful Village）”项目吸引了不少外宾，暑假期间需要数名擅长英语的小导游。假定你是李华，希望成为其中的一员。请你结合以下表格提示，给该项目的外事负责人王先生写一封英文自荐信。词数80左右。
What kind of person you are friendly, active…
What you are good at speak English, tell stories…
What you can do introduce local culture, help foreigners…
注意事项：
1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；
3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides. I’d like to be one of them. I think I am suitable for the job.
First of all, I am friendly and patient. I am active in many activities. Besides, I speak English well and have won several prizes in English speaking competitions. I am also good at telling stories. So I can introduce local culture to foreigners in English. Most importantly, I have visited the beautiful village many times and I can help foreigners better understand the life of the village.
I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一封自荐信；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第一人称为主。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接开头，介绍自己想成为“美丽乡村”项目的英语小导游；
第二步，具体阐述自己具备的品质和擅长做的事；
第三步，最后书写结尾，再次表达希望成为小导游中的一员。
[亮点词汇]
①be suitable for适合于……
②introduce sth to sb向某人介绍某物
③Most importantly最重要的是
[高分句型]
①I think I am suitable for the job.（省略that的宾语从句）
②I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.（if引导的条件状语从句；被动语态）
E
（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）
假如你是李华，你们学校整理出一块空地，将用于拓宽学生活动和实践的空间。校英语报登载了校方初拟的两种方案，就这块空地建设文化角还是菜园征求意见。请根据提示给校报写一封信谈谈你的想法和建议。
A Culture Corner A Vegetable Garden
●display art works●share ideas and feelings●hold activities (fashion shows, …)●develop a sense of beauty●… ●work with classmates●learn farming skills●harvest vegetables (tomatoes, …)●form the habit of labour (劳动)●…
要求：
1.所写内容必须包括一种方案的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2.对你所选择的方案说明理由，并对其提出建议；
3.文章不少于90词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear that there is an empty area in our school for building a Culture Corner or a Vegetable Garden. In my opinion, it’s better to _______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear that there is an empty area in our school for building a Culture Corner or a Vegetable Garden. In my opinion, it’s better to build a vegetable garden. The reasons are as follows.
First of all, our country advocates labor education. Second, students can work with their classmates in the garden to strengthen their friendship. Third, working in the garden can help students learn farming skills. Fourth, a garden built on the empty land can harvest a lot of vegetables, such as tomatoes, potatoes, carrots and so on, which can save the cost of food for the school. Last but not least, students can form the habit of labor by planting vegetables.
This is not only good for the school, but also good for the growth of students.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据表格选择一种方案；
第二步，就选择的方案结合提示信息介绍下你的想法和建议。
[亮点词汇]
①first of all首先
②help sb do sth帮助某人做某事
③last but not least最后也是最重要的
[高分句型]
Fourth, a garden built on empty land can harvest a lot of vegetables, such as tomatoes, potatoes, carrots and so on, which can save the cost of food for the school.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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