常考题型05 书信之普通书信和建议信--2023-2024学年中考英语书面表达素材考点纲目

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
常考题型05 书信之普通书信和建议信
2023-2024学年中考英语书面表达素材考点纲目
普通书信
写作方法：
书信的书写大体遵照以下原则，即“一个中心，两个基本点”。
一个中心：以完成任务为中心。写作时须包含试题要求中的所有细节，对所有的问题都必须回答。
两个基本点：
（1)在考试中，无论遇到哪种类型的书信或者题目中有任何具体要求，都要谨记下列三要素：
①明确表达自己写信的目的；②清晰、准确地陈述事实；③使用符合该种书信的语言。
（2)一开始就定下写作基调。开头就明确地表达自己的感情，说明写信的原因。在信的中间部分要将所讲述的事情和收信人联系起来。
在具体写作过程中，一般分三个步骤来写。
第一步，简单介绍自己，说明写信目的；
第二步，具体说明问题；
第三步，明确提出自己的想法。
【模板范文】
（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）假如你是班长李华，你班的外教老师Ms. Steen即将回美国，你们将在下周五为她举行欢送会（send-off party）。请你给她写一封不少于40词的邀请函。
要点：1.时间：晚上6点；
2.地点：学校音乐厅
3.活动内容：品尝中国传统美食和欣赏学生民族舞表演（folk dance）；
4.期待 Ms. Steen 参加。
要求：字句工整；语法正确；信息齐全；简练得体。
Dear Ms. Steen,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Ms. Steen,
We have heard that you are going back to America. We will hold a send-off party for you at 6 o’clock next Friday evening in the school concert hall. We will taste traditional Chinese food and enjoy the students’ folk dance performance. We sincerely look forward to your participation. If you have any questions, you can send me an email.
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为邀请函；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：要求包含所有提示要点，注意信的格式。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍活动的时间地点；
第二步，介绍活动内容；
第三步，表达自己的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①go back to回到
②look forward to期盼
[高分句型]
①We will taste traditional Chinese food and enjoy the students’ folk dance performance. (and并列句)
②If you have any questions, you can send me an email. (If引导的条件状语从句)
建议信
写作方法：
建议信要给出写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由，而且提出的理由要合情合理，语气一定要得当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。
一般来说，建议信可分为三个部分：
（1)开头；开门见山，简要陈述事由，简单介绍自己并陈述自己的观点，注意语气。
（2)主体；说明建议的内容，对所提出的建议进行分析、说明原因。这一部分注意要简 明扼要，目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。
（3)结尾；对自己提出的建议简单地做一小结并表达愿望。
【模板范文】
A
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
假如你是李平，你的英国笔友Peter因为身体瘦弱而苦恼，请你根据以下信息，谈谈你的看法，并告诉他如何做一名身体健康的中学生。
写作要点：
1. 因他的信任而高兴。
2. 你的看法：
①参加体育运动是必要的。
②体育运动即能增强体质又能调节情绪。
3. 告诉他如何做一名身体健康（in good health）的中学生。
写作要求：
1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实。
3. 字迹工整，语言精练，条理清晰。
4. 至少80词。
Dear Peter,
How are you doing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【答案】
Dear Peter,
How are you doing I’m glad of your trust. I would like to offer you some advice.
I think it is necessary to take part in sports, because sports can not only strengthen the body but also regulate the mood. As we all know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, fresh fruit and vegetables. You should not take in too much meat or too many sweets. Also, physical exercise is needed instead of studying all the time. For example, you can play basketball or swim after school. What is more, having enough sleep is of great benefit. Therefore, I sincerely suggest that you should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and get rid of staying up too late. Only in this way can we keep fit.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出自己因对方的信任而高兴；
第二步，具体阐述自己对于体育运动的看法，并就如何做一名身体健康的中学生提出建议；
第三步，书写结语，表达自己的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①would like to do想要做某事
②take part in参加
③at least至少
④get rid of摆脱
[高分句型]
①What is more, I sincerely suggest that you should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and get rid of staying up too late.(that引导的宾语从句)
②I think it is necessary to take part in sports, because sports can not only strengthen the body but also regulate the mood.(because引导原因状语从句)
【真题再现】
A
（2023·山东德州·统考中考真题）
作为全市文明家庭成员，请你给即将到来的交换生David写一封信，介你的家庭情况，除了提示内容外，至少再补充一条家庭美德（Merit）。
1. Family information: members, hobbies
2. Merits: respect the old and care for the young, protect the environment, …
要求：
1.语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范：
2.文中不得出现在实的姓名和学校名称：
3.80—100词，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David,
Welcome to my home! I’d like to introduce my family to you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now you see what my family are like. I’m sure you will enjoy your stay in my home. Looking forward to your coming!
Sincerely.
Your friend
【答案】
Dear David,
Welcome to my home! I’d like to introduce my family to you. There are four people in my family. They are my parents, my brother and I. My parents are both math teachers and they like reading books very much. My brother and I are in the same school. He likes playing football with his classmates and I like drawing.
In my family, there are many merits. We respect the old and care for the young. When we meet someone who needs help, we will be willing to help them. What’s more, we try our best to protect the environment. When we see rubbish on the ground, we will pick it up.
Now you see what my family are like. I’m sure you will enjoy your stay in my home. Looking forward to your coming!
Sincerely.
Your friend
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据题干中的提示信息介绍自己的家庭情况，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己的家庭成员以及爱好；
第二步，介绍自己的家庭美德；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①try our best to do sth.尽我们最大的努力做某事
②pick up捡起
[高分句型]
When we meet someone who needs help, we will be willing to help them.(when引导的时间状语从句以及who引导的定语从句)
B
（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）
假如你是李华，你们学校整理出一块空地，将用于拓宽学生活动和实践的空间。校英语报登载了校方初拟的两种方案，就这块空地建设文化角还是菜园征求意见。请根据提示给校报写一封信谈谈你的想法和建议。
A Culture Corner A Vegetable Garden
●display art works●share ideas and feelings●hold activities (fashion shows, …)●develop a sense of beauty●… ●work with classmates●learn farming skills●harvest vegetables (tomatoes, …)●form the habit of labour (劳动)●…
要求：
1.所写内容必须包括一种方案的所有信息，可适当发挥；
2.对你所选择的方案说明理由，并对其提出建议；
3.文章不少于90词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear that there is an empty area in our school for building a Culture Corner or a Vegetable Garden. In my opinion, it’s better to_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m happy to hear that there is an empty area in our school for building a Culture Corner or a Vegetable Garden. In my opinion, it’s better to build a vegetable garden. The reasons are as follows.
First of all, our country advocates labor education. Second, students can work with their classmates in the garden to strengthen their friendship. Third, working in the garden can help students learn farming skills. Fourth, a garden built on the empty land can harvest a lot of vegetables, such as tomatoes, potatoes, carrots and so on, which can save the cost of food for the school. Last but not least, students can form the habit of labor by planting vegetables.
This is not only good for the school, but also good for the growth of students.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据表格选择一种方案；
第二步，就选择的方案结合提示信息介绍下你的想法和建议。
[亮点词汇]
①first of all首先
②help sb do sth帮助某人做某事
③last but not least最后也是最重要的
[高分句型]
Fourth, a garden built on empty land can harvest a lot of vegetables, such as tomatoes, potatoes, carrots and so on, which can save the cost of food for the school.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
C
（2023·浙江丽水·统考中考真题）
初中三年即将过去，回顾这段时光，你是否有许多难忘的回忆，也有很多感慨？假定你是李华，你校英文报向初三学生征集稿件，题为“写给自己的一封信”，请你结合下表内容写一份稿件投稿。
A Letter to Myself 内容要点 参考词汇
Memories
Feelings
注意：
1. 文中必须包含两项内容要点，可适当发挥（参考词汇仅供选择使用或参考）；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息；
3. 词数：80~100；稿件的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
A Letter to Myself
Dear myself,
How time flies! It’s time to say goodbye to your junior high school life.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wish you all the best, my dear self.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
A Letter to Myself
Dear myself,
How time flies! It’s time to say goodbye to your junior high school life.
Memories are still fresh that you were so shy and quiet when in Grade Seven. Sometimes you even lacked courage to ask the teachers problems about learning. But now, with the help of teachers and warm-hearted classmates, you become more confident and outgoing. Do you still remember the quarrel with your best friend Sometimes silence causes misunderstandings. Try to open yourself up, and you will understand what friendship means to everybody.
May you always keep these ups and downs in mind. It is all of these unforgettable moments that help you grow into a better person.
Wish you all the best, my dear self.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封书信；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据所给提示内容写给自己一封信。注意不要遗漏要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己三年来难忘的回忆。
第二步，表达自己的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①lack courage缺乏勇气
②with the help of在……帮助下
③quarrel with和……争吵
[高分句型]
①Try to open yourself up, and you will understand what friendship means to everybody. (祈使句+and/or+陈述句)
②It is all of these unforgettable moments that help you grow into a better person. (that引导定语从句)
D
（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）
假如你是李平，你的英国笔友Peter因为学校和家庭中有太多的规则需要遵守而苦恼。请你根据以下信息，给他写一封回信，谈谈你的看法，并告诉他如何做一名遵守规则的中学生。
写作要点：
1.因他的信任而高兴。
2.你的看法：
(1)遵守规则是重要的；
(2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。
3.告诉他如何做一名遵守规则(obey the rules)的中学生。
写作要求：
1.不得使用其实的姓名和学校名。
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。
4.至少80词。
Dear Peter,
How’s it going
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【答案】
Dear Peter,
How’s it going I am very happy for your trust and I would like to give you some advice for your problem. You feel quite upset these days because you have too many rules to obey. Some of them are from your family and some from your school. In my opinion, following some rules is important and even necessary. More often than not, obeying rules will make us popular among our classmates.
Since rules are important, what can you do to obey the rules The most essential thing is to raise your awareness of obeying the rules. That is to say, you have to understand the importance of obeying the rules and accept them from the bottom of your heart. Rules may limit your freedom, but they do regulate your behavior. As long as you have the awareness, you can start from doing small things in daily life. For example, you should listen to teachers carefully in class instead of making noise or disturbing teachers. In the school, you’d better not run after others, because it is dangerous. When you have different ideas from your parents, you should communicate with them patiently rather than quarrel or even turn a cold shoulder towards them.
So much for my advice and wait for your good news.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【详解】1.题干解读：本文为一篇书信作文。题目要求根据提示信息，就笔友Peter遇到的苦恼谈谈自己的看法并告诉Peter如何做一名遵守规则的中学生。
2.写作指导：本文时态为一般现在时，人称以第一人称和第二人称为主。第一段要表达因得到对方的信任而感到高兴，并谈谈对遵守规则的看法：(1)遵守规则是重要的；(2)遵守规则使人受欢迎。第二段要告诉对方具体如何做一名遵守规则的中学生，即提建议。提建议时，可用情态动词should和固定句式“You’d better not...”等，使语气更委婉。最后，总结全文、表达祝福，并署名。
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