Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.第三课时 Section A （Grammar Focus4c）课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
第三课时 Section A （Grammar Focus4c）
目录
课前预习
01
名师点拨
02
课堂小测
03
课后作业
04
课前预习
请同学们完成Unit 12第三课时的练习题。
名师点拨
1.定义:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前发生的，或完成了的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时。表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语，也可用when, before等引导的从句，或者通过上下文表示。如：
过去完成时
By the time I got there, the train had left.当我到那里的时候，火车已经开走了。（“火车开走”发生在“我到那里”之前）
When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒来时，雨已经停了。（“雨停”发生在“我醒来”之前）
He told me that he had written a new book.他告诉我他写了一本新书。（“写新书”发生在“告诉我”之前）
【注意】在含有状语从句的复合句中，若含有在过去不同的时间发生的两个动作，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。如：
The meeting had already been on for half an hour before we got to the meeting room.在我们到会议室之前，会议已经进行半个小时了。
2.构成:过去完成时是由“助动词had＋动词的过去分词”构成的，had用于各种人称和数。
句式 结构 举例
肯定句 主语+had+动词的过去分词＋其他. By the end of last term, we had learned 5，000 new words.到上学期末，我们已经学了5 000个新词。
否定句 主语+had+not+动词的过去分词＋其他. They hadn’t had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.他们到达旅馆前还没有吃早餐。
续表
句式 结构 举例
一般 疑问句 Had+主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+had. 否定回答：No, 主语+hadn’t. —Had she finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning？ 到今天上午10点她写完作文了吗
—Yes, she had.是的，写完了。/ No, she hadn’t.不，还没有。
特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词 （组)+had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他 What had they done before the rainstorm came 在暴风雨来临之前他们做了什么
3．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
(1)时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。如:
They had already left when she arrived.她到达时他们已经离开了。(在她“到达”这一动作之前，他们就已经“离开” 了)
I saw him on the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。(“看见他”这一动作是在“昨天”这一过去的时间发生的)
(2)在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如:
When I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.当我到达车站时，公交车已经开走了。
( )1.By the time I locked the door, I realized I ____my keys at home.
A.had left B.was leaving C.have left
( )2.By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ____ the dinner already.
A.had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked
A
A
( )3.I ____ 900 English words by the time I was ten.
A.learned B.was learning C.had learned
( )4.She said she ____ the head teacher already.
A.has seen B.saw C.had seen
( )5.She had written a number of books ____ the end of last year.
A.in B.by C.at
C
C
B
by the end of, at the end of与in the end的区别
比较项 含义及用法 举例
by the end of 意为“在（某时间点）以前”，后面接时间 By the end of last year, we had already learned 3，000 English words.在去年年底前， 我们已经学了3 000个英语单词。
at the end of 意为“在……的结尾; 在……的末端”，后面可接地点或时间 I arrived at the end of April.我是4月底到达的。
The shop is at the end of the street.商店在街尾。
in the end 意为“最后”，同义词组是at last I hope everything will turn out fine in the end.我希望最后一切结局圆满。
1.我们在路的尽头找到了超市。
We found the supermarket ______ ______ ______ ______ the road.
2.刘云最终实现了她的梦想。
Liu Yun achieved her dream ______ ______ ______.
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
by
the
end
of
in
the
end
3.在假期结束前，我就已经花光了我所有的钱。
______ ______ ______ ______ the holiday, I had spend all my money.
By
the
end
of
课堂小测
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I had ____________ (read) three English novels by the end of last week.
2.He ____________ (not ride) a horse before that day.
3.Nancy ____________ (wash) the clothes by the time her mother ____________ (come) home.
read
hadn’t ridden
had washed
came
4.Had you ____________(phone) Annie before you ____________ (go) to see her in London
5.The Smiths talked about the market where they ____________ (buy) beans and cream for three times.
phoned
went
had bought
二、根据要求完成句子，每空一词
6.Lucy had been in China for seven years by the end of last year.(就画线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ Lucy ______ in China by the end of last year？
7.By ten o’clock yesterday evening, she had finished her homework.(改为否定句)
By ten o’clock yesterday evening, she ______ ______ her homework.
How
long
had
been
hadn’t
finished
8.By the time I got home, my father had left for New York.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ father ______ ______ New York by the time you got home
9.Ann had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.(就画线部分提问)
______ ______ Ann ______ for 20 minutes when a bus finally came
Had
your
left
for
Where
had
been
10.Tim had rushed out of the door before I could stop him.(就画线部分提问)
______ ______ Tim ______ before you could stop him？
What
had
done
三、语法选择
Kirsten Marten and her family were on their way to Mexico for a family vacation.They were all very __11__ to head to the place when Marten realized something.They __12__ her youngest son’s medicine at home in Victoria, Canada!
( )11.A.exciting B.excited C.excitement
( )12.A.leave B.will leave C.had left
B
C
It was too late __13__ back home, so instead, Marten put a post online at 5 a.m.She wasn’t sure __14__ it would work.She asked if someone was flying to Mexico that day or the next day and if they could get the medicine for __15__ son.
( )13.A.go B.going C.to go
( )14.A.what B.if C.that
( )15.A.she B.hers C.her
C
B
C
Marina Miller, who lives in Victoria, was awake and then she saw __16__ post and immediately(立即)jumped into action.She bought the required medicine, and sent it to the hotel where Marten and her family were going to stay __17__ Mexico.When the family reached the hotel, they got it.“In life unexpected __18__ often happen, and in this case, I knew how I could help,and I did,” Miller said.
C
A
B
( )16.A.a B.an C.the
( )17.A.in B.from C.to
( )18.A.thing B.things C.things’
According to Marten, __19__ living in the same area, she had never met Miller, let alone spoken to her.But the kind lady reached out and solved her problem.Marten plans to pass down the kindness __20__ she received from Miller to others in need.
( )19.A.though B.but C.or
( )20.A.which B.where C.who
A
A
课后作业
请同学们完成Unit 12第三课时的练习题。
THANKS!