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Something about Birthday
A birthday is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )date on which a person is born, marking the day a life outside the womb begins. It is customary in many cultures to celebrate the anniversary of one's birthday, for example by having a birthday party with family and/or friends. Gifts are often given to the person celebrating the birthday. It is also customary to treat people specially on their birthday, either generally acceding to their wishes, or subjecting them to a rite of transition.21cnjy.com
Western private birthday traditions
History of celebration of birthdays in the West
It is thought tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the large-scale celebration of birthdays in Europe began with the cult of Mithras, which originated in Persia but was spread by soldiers troughout the Roman Empire. Before this, such celebrations were not common; and, hence, practices from other contexts such as the Saturnalia were adapted for birthdays. Because many Roman soldiers took up Mithraism, it had a wide distribution and influence throughout the empire until it was supplanted by Christianity.
Birthday celebrati ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ons were rare during the Middle Ages but saw a resurgence with the advent of the Reformation. During this period, they were seen as a good way to transfer customs from the saint's days to other dates not linked to the newly repudiated veneration of saints.21·世纪*教育网
Even today, the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elebration of birthdays is not universal in the West; in addition to those people preferring name day celebrations, Jehovah's Witnesses do not celebrate either, considering them to be pagan festivals along with Christmas and Easter.
Festive
Birthday cak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in most English-speaking countries it is traditional to sing the song Happy Birthday to You to the honored person celebrating his birthday. Similar songs exist in other languages such as "Lang zal hij/zij leven" in Dutch, "Zum Geburstag Viel Glück" in German, "Cumplea os Feliz" in Spanish, or "Sto lat" in Polish. This happens traditionally at a birthday party while someone brings a birthday cake into the (often darkened) room.www.21-cn-jy.com
The birthday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cake is traditionally highly decorated, and typically covered with lit candles when presented; the number of candles often equals the age of the person. The person whose birthday it is makes a silent wish and then blows out the candles; if done in one breath, the wish is supposed to come true. It is also common for the "birthday boy" or "birthday girl" to cut the initial piece of the cake like as a newlywed couple might with a wedding cake. www-2-1-cnjy-com
Typical birthday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) party decorations include balloons, streamers and confetti.
For special birth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )days and for when the number of candles might be considered impractical or a fire hazard, special candles might be substituted for the many individual candles. These candles are in the shape of a numeral; for example, on the fifth birthday there may be one candle on the cake in the shape of the numeral 5, and on the fiftieth birthday there may be two candles on the cake, one in the shape of the numeral 5 followed by the other in the shape of the numeral 0.2-1-c-n-j-y
A birthday is cons ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idered a special day for the person, and so the person will often get special treatment from friends and family. This is especially true for children who cannot wait for their own special day. In addition to parties, people often get gifts on their birthday. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Birthday parties ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for children often include fun games like Pin the Tail on the Donkey, musical chairs, and hitting pi atas. 【版权所有：21教育】
There are also traditions of surprise parties.
Not all traditions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are equally generous. In certain circles the birthday boy or girl is expected to treat the fellows, often by shouting one or more round of drinks.
Another traditio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n enjoyed by girls that was popularized in the 1950s and 60s: receiving a special corsage (or several) that was decorated with candy or another inexpensive item that corresponded to age. The items were priced within reach of the peer group, and all were light enough so they could fasten easily to curly ribbons and be worn throughout the school day without problem. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
10th birthday - lollipops
11th birthday - gum drops
12th birthday - tootsie rolls
13th birthday - bubble gum
14th birthday - dog biscuits
15th birthday - life savers
16th birthday - sugar cubes
17th birthday - lemon drops
18th birthday - cigarettes
Testing
Since every ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )year of age can be seen as a minor transition, this can be accompanied by some traditional initiation rite such as a birthday spanking, after which the honoree may in some traditions receive a "pinch to grow an inch." It is also traditional in schools in some areas of Britain to 'bump' people on their birthday. This involves them being hoisted face up by arms and legs and allowed to fall; pulling on the limbs restrains the fall so that the victim does not quite hit the ground. This is repeated for the number of times equal to their birthday age. On one last hoist the celebrant is often allowed to fall to the ground with a bump. A less painful way is to be lifted in the air while sitting on a chair. Then the last lift is usually made higher than the others.21·cn·jy·com
A similar tradition ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in schools are 'birthday beats' or 'birthday bashings' in which the birthday child receives a number of punches on his arm that equals his age (e.g. 14 punches on the arm for a 14-year-old). Usually it is followed with a 'one for luck' punch which tends to be harder than the rest. Birthday beats are not often malicious but sometimes can be considered bullying and may ruin a child's special day.
Special birthdays
Notable birthdays can include:
When the most si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gnificant digit changes, for example one's 1st, 10th, 30th, 50th, or 100th birthdays. 2·1·c·n·j·y
One's golden bir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thday, also called a champagne birthday, is the day when the age one turns and the date of birth coincide (e.g. someone turning 20 on September 20th celebrates his golden birthday). 21教育网
In most lega ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l systems, one becomes a legal adult on a particular birthday, and at different ages gain different rights and responsibilities — voting, certain drug use (e.g. alcohol, tobacco), eligibility for military draft or voluntary enlistment, driving etc.
Most cultures have one or more coming of age birthdays: 21*cnjy*com
Jewish boys hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a bar mitzvah on or around their 13th birthday. In Reform and Conservative Judaism, Jewish girls observe a bat mitzvah on or around their 12th or 13th birthday while in Orthodox Judaism, girls observe it on or around their 12th birthday.
In some Christian traditions, generally Catholic and Anglican, Confirmation is the ritual by which a young person becomes an official member of the Church. This sometimes includes the bestowal of a 'Confirmation name,' generally the name of a saint, which is often worn as a second middle name. Confirmation also bestows the Holy Spirit upon the confirmand, and in some churches is received concurrent with baptism or first communion. 【出处：21教育名师】
In Latin Americ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a the quincea era celebration traditionally marks a girl's 15th birthday. 21世纪教育网版权所有
Some girls in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) United States have "sweet sixteen" birthday parties.
The birthdays of his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )torically significant people, like Jesus Christ, the Prophet Muhammad, or the father of the fatherland, are often commemorated by an official holiday, some saints are remembered by a liturgical feast (sometimes on a presumed birthday).
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 4 页 （共 4 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
Module 6 Eating together
【教材分析】
Module 6的主要内容为通过对中西方 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )饮食文化的介绍来复习被动语态，重点学习heat up, be similar to, help yourself等短语的用法。从全书来看，本模块承接上册书对被动语态的学习和运用，内容有层次的展开，学生容易接受。
Unit 1 When is the school-leavers’ party
【教学目标】
Knowledge objective
1.Words: invitation,c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alendar,balloon,paint,heat,knife,fork,spoon,cheeseburger,Italian
2. Expressions: heat up
Ability objective
能听懂和阅读关于介绍学校毕业生聚会的语言材料，能通过相关词汇和图片描述聚会的情况；能编写关于毕业聚会的对话。
Moral objective
能够积极参加同学之间的庆祝活动；能够与同伴积极合作，参与课堂活动，大胆实践；能分享同学之间共同庆祝的快乐。
【教学难点】
短语heat up和 be invited to do sth.的使用。
【教学方法】
PWP method, task-based method and interactive approach 21教育名师原创作品
【教学手段】
A tape recorder, multimedia and some pictures
【教学过程】
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in
Ss look the pictures and answer the questions.
Is this an invitation
Have you ever been invited to the party
What will you take to join the party
What do you usually do at the party
Step 2 Consolidate new words and expression
Look and say. The t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eachers shows the pictures of new words and expressions, then let the students to say as quickly as possible.
invitation n. 邀请；请柬
calendar n.日历；历书
balloon n.气球
paint v. 绘画
heat v. 使变热；给……加热
knife n. 餐刀；刀具
fork n. 餐叉
spoon n. 匙；勺子
cheeseburger n. 干酪汉堡包
Italian adj.意大利的；意大利人的 n. 意大利语；意大利人
heat up 使变热；给……加热
Step 3 Listening
1. Listen and complete the invitation.
Invitation
You are invi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted to the _______________ on Saturday, 30th May at ____________ in ________________________________. Bring a traditional dish (e and enjoy the food, music and dancing.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2. Now work in pairs and check.
Step 4 Listening
1. Listen to Part 2 and answer the following questions.
1) What is Daming going to make
Jiaozi.
2) Who is going to make hot and sour soup
Lingling.
Step 5 Reading
1. Read the dialogue and complete the notes.
Dish
Lingling ___________________
Betty ___________________
Daming ___________________
Tony ___________________
Made with …
Lingling _______________________
Betty ________________________
Daming ________________________
Tony ________________________
2. Read the dialogue and answer the questions.
1. What was Daming chosen to do at the school-leavers’ party
2. Where are they going to prepare the food
3. Why does Tony call pizza a traditional English dish
Step 6 Complete the passage with the words in the box
1. Read the passage carefully.
2. Choose the right words in the box.
3. Draw the right answers from each group.
balloons calendar fork
knife paint spoon
The day for the sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool-leavers’ party is an important date in the school (1) _________. Tony is going to bring some (2) _________ and (3)______________ some pictures for the party. Everyone is going to bring a traditional dish that can be eaten with their fingers. Soup is no good because it is not finger food and people need a (4) _______ for it. Anything that needs a (5) _______ and (6) _______ is not finger food either.
Step 7 Everyday English
Let Ss say what they have learnt in the passage.
Soup’s no good then.
And you
I see what you mean.
Step 8 Language points
Ss should mast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er the main points from the passage in Part 3.If possible, let the students to say at first.
1. Look at the school calendar!
看看学校的校历！
calendar表示“日历”，school calendar表示“校历”。
e.g. Look at the school calendar! We will have an exam next week.
看看学校的校历！我们下周将有一次考试。
2. We’re all invited.
我们都被邀请了。
这个句子为一般现在时的被动语态。
invite是动词，表示“邀请”。
invitation是名词，也表示“邀请”。
3. And I was aske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to bring some balloons and paint some pictures for the party.
我被要求带一些气球和为这个聚会画一些画。
balloon表示“气球”。
paint表示“绘画”，是动词。
e.g. Please paint a balloon for me in the paper.21·cn·jy·com
请为我在纸上画一个气球。
4. We can heat it up in the school kitchen.
我们能在学校厨房加热它。
heat up表示 “使变热，给…加热”。
e.g. Light the cooker and heat up the food.
点着厨具加热食物。
5. The teachers have a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sked everyone to prepare a traditional dish from their
home country.
老师要求每人准备一道家乡的传统菜。
dish表示“烹制好的菜肴，一道菜”。
e.g. When I was in Italy, I had a wonderful pasta dish.
我在意大利的时候，吃过一次很棒的意大利面。
dish还表示“盘子”。Dish的复数还可以表示“待洗的餐具”。
e.g. I’ll do the dishes before we go.
我们走之前，我会把餐具洗好的。
6. Oh, soup’s no good then.
哦，汤不行。
no good表示“不适合”。
e.g. These glasses are no good for champagne.
这些玻璃杯不适合用来喝香槟。
no good的用法有四条：
(1) it is no good doing 做某事没用
e.g. It’s no good talking to him—he never listens.
跟他讲没用，他从来不听。
(2) no good for sth. 不适合某物/某事
e.g. This medicine is no good for headache.
这药治不了头痛。
(3) no good to sb.对某人没有好处或没有帮助
e.g. A car is no good for me, since I can’t drive.21·世纪*教育网
汽车对我没用，因为我不会开车。
(4) do no good 没用处，不成功
e.g. I’ll talk to him, but it will do no good.
我会和他谈的，但不会有用。
7. That means ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you eat it with your fingers, not with a knife, fork or spoon.
那意味着你吃饭用你的手指，不会用刀、叉、勺子。
knife表示“餐刀”，复数为knives.
fork表示“餐叉”。 spoon表示“匙”。
a knife and fork表示“一副刀叉”。
8. Is she invited to the school-leavers’ party too 21*cnjy*com
她也被邀请参加学校的毕业晚会了吗？
be invited to do sth.表示“被邀请去做某事”。
e.g. I was invited to his birthday party.
我被邀请去参加他的生日聚会。
Step 9 Learning to learn
Let Ss learn about how to communicate with foreign people.
You can use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )English to communicate with people from all over the world – take your chance to learn something about how they live and what they eat. Learning about other cultures is not only interesting, it will also help you understand the world better.
Step 10 Pronunciation and speaking
1. Read and mark the pauses.
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it up in the school kitchen, but it should be cooked at home. What are you going to make
2. Now listen and check if it’s right.
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it up in the school kitchen, but it should be cooked at home. What are you going to make
3. Work in pairs. Read the conversation in Activity 5 aloud.
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eat it up in the school kitchen, but it should be cooked at home. What are you going to make
4. Work in pairs. Ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke plans for a party. Think about: food and drink, music and dancing
●food and drink
●music and dancing
5. Work in another pair. Talk about your party plans.
– What’s your plan for the party
– Everyone will be asked to bring something to eat …
Step 11 Exercises
Let students do more exercises to master the language points.
1. Mrs Li bought a ____ for her daughter and it made her very happy.
A. calendar B. balloon C. invitation D. fork
2. People usually use cooker to _____ the dishes.
A. go up B. heat up C. get up D. fix up
3. He was sad because he wasn’t ______ go to his classmate’s party.
A. Invite B. be invited C. be invited to D. invited to
4. The book is no good ____ the little children.
A. with B. at C. for D. about
答案：1. B 2. B 3. D 4.C
Step 12 Homework
如果你下周日过生日，请用英语给你的朋友写一封邀请函，希望他们能够参加你的生日聚会。
Unit 2 Knives and forks are used for most Western food.
【教学目标】
Knowledge objective
Key vocabulary—West ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erner, West, serve, similar, wing, lady, gentleman, cross
Key structures—help yourself, do as the Romans do
Ability objective
To get information about Western diet culture.
To master the passive voice.
Moral objective
To respect West ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ern diet culture; To be proud of our own Chinese diet culture.
【教学重点】
1. To learn some expressions in the passage.
2. To learn the passive voice.
【教学难点】
1. To get information from the article.
2. The use of do as the Romans do and help oneself.
【教学方法】
PWP method, task-based method
【教学手段】
A tape recorder, multimedia and some pictures
【教学过程】
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming up
1. Look at the pictures and talk about Chinese diet culture.
2. Look at the phot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o of a Western meal. Talk about the differences between a Western meal and a Chinese meal.
Step 2 Presentation
Learn some new words.
Step 3 Reading
1. Listen and read the passage, then answer the questions.
1) Who is the passage written for
2) Where might you see a passage like this
2. Finish Activity 3:
Complete the table with the information from the passage.
3. Finish Activity 4:
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1) “So when you eat W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )estern food, do as Westerners do.” So what should you do
2) “At the sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt of a meal, the French say ‘Bon appetit’.” What do you say at the start of a Chinese meal
3) “I’m sorry. I don’t eat meat.” When might you want to say this
4) “No, thanks. It ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was delicious, but I’ve had enough.” Do you mean you do not like the food
5) “It is sometimes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) difficult to know when the meal is over.” How do you know that
a meal is over in China
Keys: 1) We should watch what other people do and copy them.
2) We say “C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hi ba!” at the start of normal meals or “Da jia chi hao!” at the start of more formal meals.
3) If I am offered something which I do not like.
4) No, it means “I like the food but I’m full.”
5) In China, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) meal is usually over when the food is finished.
4. Read the passag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in Activity 2 again. Decide which part is surprising, interesting or unusual to you.
Step 4 Language points
1. We often say, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
我们常说:“入乡随俗”。
When in Rome, do as the Romans do是一个西方谚语, 相当于汉语中的“入乡随俗”。其中,
as表示“和……一样(指以同样的方式处理某事物)”。
e.g. While in the chemistry lab, do as I say, please.
其它的西方谚语有：
Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。
No pain, no gain. 没有耕耘, 就没有收获。
Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。
Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
2. Dinner is served around 7 pm or even later.
serve v. 端上(食物和饮料) , 服侍……进餐
常用结构: serve sb. sth./serve sth. to sb.
e.g. They usually serve tea at three.
The waiter served us wine.
3. But there is nothing similar to say in English.
similar adj. 相似的
可用作定语或表语
be similar to意为“与……相似”。
e.g. Martin’s shoes are similar to mine.
be similar in表示“在某方面相似”。
e.g. The two houses are similar in shape.
4. Help yourself.
随便做(或用)吧; 请自便
是主人招待客人的常用语。
e.g. Help yourself to some fish, my dear friend.
5. No one will be cross. 没有人会生气的。
cross adj. 生气的
e.g. The old l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ady was really cross when the boy’s ball broke her windows.
All right, you two, don’t be cross with each other.
v. 横穿,穿过; 交叉
e.g. It took him two months to cross the desert.www-2-1-cnjy-com
She was sitting on the floor with her legs crossed.
Step 5 Practice
Finish Activity 6:
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.
gentleman knife lady serve wing
During a meal in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) West, you use (1) _____ and forks most of the time, although you can use your fingers to eat chicken (2) ______ or hamburgers. You will be invited to (3) _____ yourself with food, the (4) ______ before the (5) _________.
Keys: knives, wings, serve, ladies, gentlemen
Step 6 Writing
Write a passage a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bout Chinese eating customs for a tourist magazine with Western readers.
Unit 3 Language in use
【教学目标】
Knowledge objective
Get the students t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o be able to use the key vocabulary and new words they learn in this unit.
Ability objective
To summarize and consolidate the passive voice.
Moral objective
To invite others to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) join your birthday party and to enjoy the happiness.
【教学重点】
To be able to write with the passive voice.
【教学难点】
Through listen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing, speaking and writing, let students practise the passive voice.
【教学方法】
PWP method, task-based method
【教学手段】
A tape recorder, multimedia and some pictures
【教学过程】
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Revision and lead-in
Let Ss look a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the pictures and answer the questions to review what they have learnt.
What’s your favourite food
Is there any food you don’t eat at all
Do you like eating meat
Do you like having jiaozi
What kind of jiaozi do you like
Step 2 Language practice
Ask Ss to finish the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sentences to master the structure of the passive voice.21教育网
1. I __________ to play the dance music.
2. Lunch ___ usually _______ at about 1 pm.
3. Knives and forks _________ for most Western food.【出处：21教育名师】
4. You _____________ by someone who asks, “Would you like some … ”
Keys: was chosen is eaten are used will be served
Step 3 Grammar
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
We clean the classroom every day. (主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)
The classroom is clean ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed every day. (被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者)
使用被动语态的情况：
1) 不知道或没有必要知道动作的执行者时
e.g. English is spoken all over the world.
2) 强调或侧重动作的承受者时
e.g. This dictionary is used by most students.
时态 构成 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are +动词过去分词 Knives and forks are used for most Western food.
一般过去时 was/were +动词过去分词 The play was performed by the Beijing English Theatre Company.
一般将来时 be going to/will be +动词过去分词 You are going to / will be invited to a big meal.
除时态以外，还应该注意短语动词在被动语态中的用法。
e.g. Old people are taken good care of in China. 在中国，老年人得到很好的照顾。
A notice will be put up on the wall.墙上会贴出一个告示。
可以看出，take care of, put up等短语动词的被动语态与单个动词的被动语态构成方式相同。
Step 4 Complete the explanations of the signs
1. Let Ss read the signs first.
LUNCH SERVED DAILY FROM 12 PM TO 2 PM
Don’t take food into the meeting rooms
Park open for picnics
Dogs not allowed
Closed until 10 am
2. Let Ss fill in the blanks with the right words.
1) Lunch _________ daily from 12 pm to 2 pm.
2) Food _____________ into the meeting rooms.
3) The park ___________ for picnics.
4) Dogs _____________ in the restaurant.
5) The shop _________ until 10 am.
Keys: is served sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould not be taken is open are not allowed is closed
Step 5 Complet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the passage with the correct form of the words in the brackets
1. Let Ss read the passage carefully.
Guests at a new ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )restaurant in London (1) __________ (serve) by blind waiters. But the waiters are not the only people who cannot see. The guests cannot see either, because the restaurant (2) _______ (keep) dark. No lights (3) ___________ (allow), not even the light on your mobile phone. The idea is that when you cannot see, your sense of taste (4) ___________ (improve). “Don’t worry that you won’t enjoy food without seeing it. You can (5) _________ (enjoy) it using your nose, fingers and tongue instead,” promises the restaurant manager.
2. Now complete the passage with the words in the brackets.
Keys: are served is kept are allowed is improved enjoy 2-1-c-n-j-y
Step 6 Complete the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )assage with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box
1. Let Ss read the passage carefully.
ask call drink eat order pay pick up put on taste
On my mother’s bi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rthday, my father took us to a lovely restaurant to celebrate. I (1) _________ the menu and looked at the good things to (2) ______. We (3) _______ chicken, noodles and soup. Everything (4) _______ delicious. Then I (5) _______ for some ice cream while my parents (6) ________ some coffee. My mother was given a birthday cake and a dish filled with fruit. Then my father (7) _______ the bill. It was cold outside, so he (8) ________ a taxi. We (9) ________ our coats and went home. My mother was very happy, and it was a perfect evening.
2. Now complete t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he passage with the words and expressions in the box.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Keys: picked up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) eat ordered tasted asked drank paid called put on
Step 7 Complete the conversations with the sentences in the box
1. Let Ss read the sentences in the box carefully.
a) Is there any food you don’t eat b) Would you like something to drink c) Would you like some more soup d) Anything else e) And have you had one of these yet f) Is there anything you especially like
2. Complete the conversations according to the conversations.
1) A: Eric, have you ever had jiaozi
B: Yes, but I can never remember the different names.
A: (1) ___________________________________
B: Well, I really don’t know…
A: OK, (2) __________________________
B: Well, I don’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t eat beef. But I like any kind of fish or vegetables.
A: Then let me order some food for you.
2) A: Good morning. Are you ready to order
B: Yes, I am. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Thank you. I’ll have tomato soup and chicken wings, please.
A: (3) ______________________________
B: I’ll have an orange juice and some iced tea.21*cnjy*com
A: (4) __________________
B: Could I have some apple pie
A: Certainly.
3) A: (5) ____________________________
B: Yes, please. It’s delicious.
A: (6) ____________________________ They’re a kind of dumpling.
B: Mm, they look good. What’s inside them
A: Meat and vegetables.
B: Mm, they’re really good!
Step 8 Listening
1. Play the recorder for the Ss and ask them to number the pictures.
Keys: c-1 a-2 b-3
2. Play the recorder again and ask ss to choose the correct answer.
1) The person who ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )went to Britain put his knife and fork on his plate because _______.
a) he finished his meal
b) he did not want to talk with knife and fork in his hand
c) he did not like the food
2) The person who w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent to France offered everyone small dishes of food because ______.
a) she thought they were for everyone
b) she was not polite
c) she was not French
3) The perso ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n who had a Chinese meal drank from the finger bowl because _______.
a) it had lemon in it
b) she was hungry
c) she thought it was soup
Keys: b a c
3. Play the recorder of part 7 and ask Ss to answer the questions.
1) Who wrote the email
2) What will you usually be served at the end of the meal 【版权所有：21教育】
Keys: Zhang Dawei. Fruit.
Step 9 Reading
Ask Ss to read the email and answer the questions.
1. What is Richard worried about
2. How many courses are usual for a dinner in the West
3. Why should Richard practise using chopsticks
4. Why are the plates placed in the middle of the table in China
5. Is it a good i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dea to talk about food during a meal in China Why or why not
Keys:
He is worrie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d about what he should and shouldn’t do as a guest in China.
Three courses.
Because he may find it difficult.
Because they are for everyone to share.
Yes, it is. Because preparation has taken a long time.
Step 10 Around the world
Learn about birthday parties in the US.
Birthday parties in the US
In the US, si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xteenth birthday parties are usually important celebrations for teenagers. That is because the sixteenth birthday is their first step towards being an adult. Some of the parties are very big celebrations and cost a lot of money. Everyone dresses up and looks beautiful. These parties are usually held in hotels, and there are even music groups playing. People give gifts to the sixteen-year-olds. Some gifts can be very precious. The young people enjoy themselves at the parties with singing and dancing. Other parties are simpler and held at home. Sometimes families celebrate in other ways, such as going on a special trip together, or going to the cinema or a nice restaurant for a meal.
Step 11 Writing
1. Ask Ss to des ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cribe a special meal they have eaten and think about the following things:
1）When and where you ate it
2）Who you were with
3）Why the meal was special
4）What happened during the meal
5）What happened at the end of the meal
6）What the nicest thing about the experience was
2. Finish their eating experience.
3. Let Ss work in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) groups and vote for the most interesting description.21世纪教育网版权所有
Step 12 Exercises
Do some exercises and draw the answers from the Ss.21cnjy.com
1. The terrorists (恐怖分子) in Xinjiang _____ last month.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. are caught B. was caught C. were caught
2. Many stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts ____ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.
A. don’t giv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e B. aren’t given C. haven’t given
3. Look at our new school. It ______ last year.
A. built B. was built C. is built D. will be built
4. He is very surp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rised that all the houses in the village ______ white.
A. paint B. painted C. are painting D. are painted
Keys: CBBD
Step 13 中考链接
Do some exercises from the entrance exam to senior high schools.
1.—_____ free breakfasts ____in all schools in China
—No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. 【2014昆明】
A. Are; ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )de B. Do; serve C. Are; served D. Do; make
2. —Food safety is very important.
—So some r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ules ______ to stop people from polluting food. 【2014湖北咸宁】
A. must make B. must be made C. must made D. be made
3. Keep quiet, please! Talking _______ during the meeting. 【2014重庆市】
A. is not allowe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d B. is allowed C. doesn’t allow D. allows
4. To my great surp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rise, the famous athlete’s story ______ differently in the newspapers.
【2014杭州】
A. was reported B. reported C. was reporting D. reports
5. —Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s birthday party on Saturday
—Unless I ________. 【2014黄冈】
A. will be invited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. am invited C. was inviting D. invited
6. —I am afraid that I can’t finish the task successfully.
—Don’t worry. You _____ plenty of time to do it. 【2014长沙】
A. will be given B. give C. will give
7. The pet dog is w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arm and loving, It ______ as a daughter of my family.【2014河北】
A. treats B. treated C. is treated D. was treated
8. When Tim _______ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. 【2014河南】
A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is askingwww.21-cn-jy.com
Keys: CBAABACA
Step 14 Homework
Please write a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage to introduce your birthday party that you will never forget. About 60 words.
PAGE
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 20 页 （共 20 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共43张PPT)
Is this an invitation
Have you ever been invited to the party
What will you take to join the party
What do you usually do at the party
invitation n.
邀请；请柬
calendar n.
日历；历书
balloon n.
气球
paint v.
绘画
heat v.
使变热；给……加热
knife n.
餐刀；刀具
fork n.
餐叉
spoon n.
匙；勺子
cheeseburger n.
干酪汉堡包
Italian
adj.意大利的；意大利人的
n. 意大利语；意大利人
heat up 使变热；给……加热
Invitation
You are invited to the________________
on Saturday, 30th May at ____________
in ________________________________.
Bring a traditional dish (_____________
e and enjoy the food, music and dancing.
1. Listen and complete the
invitation.
school-leavers’ party
5 p.m.
the school hall
make sure it’s finger food
Now work in pairs and check.
Lingling.
2. Listen and read.
1. What is Daming going to make
Jiaozi.
2. Who is going to make hot and sour
soup
Dish
Lingling ___________________
Betty ___________________
Daming ___________________
Tony ____________________
Now complete the note.
hot and sour soup
cheeseburgers
jiaozi
pizza
Made with …
Lingling _______________________
Betty ________________________
Daming ________________________
Tony ________________________
chicken and vegetables
hamburgers and cheese
Not mentioned in the passage
cheese, tomato and ham
They are going to prepare the food at home.
3. Answer the questions.
1. What was Daming chosen to do at the
school-leavers’ party
He was chosen to play the dance music.
2. Where are they going to prepare the
food
Because it’s eaten everywhere in England.
3. Why does Tony call pizza a traditional
English dish
The day for the school-leavers’ party is an important date in the school (1) _________. Tony is going to bring some (2) _________ and (3)_______ some pictures for the party.
balloons calendar fork
knife paint spoon
balloons
calendar
paint
4. Complete the passage with the
words in the box.
Everyone is going to bring a traditional dish that can be eaten with their fingers. Soup is no good because it is not finger food and people need a (4) _______ for it. Anything that needs a (5) _______ and (6) _______ is not finger food either.
knife
spoon
fork
balloons calendar fork
knife paint spoon
Soup’s no good then.
And you
I see what you mean.
1. Look at the school calendar!
看看学校的校历！
calendar表示“日历”，school calendar
表示“校历”。
e.g. Look at the school calendar! We
will have an exam next week.
看看学校的校历！我们下周将有
一次考试。
2. We’re all invited.
我们都被邀请了。
这个句子为一般现在时的被动语态。
invite是动词，表示“邀请”。
invitation是名词，也表示“邀请”。
3. And I was asked to bring some balloons
and paint some pictures for the party.
我被要求带一些气球和为这个聚会画一
些画。
balloon表示“气球”。
paint表示“绘画”，是动词。
e.g. Please paint a balloon for me in the
paper.
请为我在纸上画一个气球。
4. We can heat it up in the school kitchen.
我们能在学校厨房加热它。
heat up表示 “使变热，给…加热”。
e.g. Light the cooker and heat up the
food.
点着厨具加热食物。
5. The teachers have asked everyone to
prepare a traditional dish from their
home country.
老师要求每人准备一道家乡的传统菜。
dish表示“烹制好的菜肴，一道菜”。
e.g. When I was in Italy, I had a
wonderful pasta dish.
我在意大利的时候，吃过一次很
棒的意大利面。
dish还表示“盘子”。dish的复数还可以表示“待洗的餐具”。
e.g. I’ll do the dishes before we go.
我们走之前，我会把餐具洗好的。
6. Oh, soup’s no good then.
哦，汤不行。
no good表示“不适合”。
e.g. These glasses are no good for
champagne.
这些玻璃杯不适合用来喝香槟。
no good的用法有四条：
(1) it is no good doing 做某事没用
e.g. It’s no good talking to him—he
never listens.
跟他讲没用，他从来不听。
(2) no good for sth. 不适合某物/某事
e.g. This medicine is no good for
headache.
这药治不了头痛。
(3) no good to sb.对某人没有好处或没有
帮助
e.g. A car is no good for me, since I
can’t drive.
汽车对我没用，因为我不会开车。
(4) do no good 没用处，不成功
e.g. I’ll talk to him, but it will do no
good.
我会和他谈的，但不会有用。
7. That means you eat it with your
fingers, not with a knife, fork or
spoon.
那意味着你吃饭用你的手指，不会用
刀、叉、勺子。
knife表示“餐刀”，复数为knives.
fork表示“餐叉”。 spoon表示“匙”。
a knife and fork表示“一副刀叉”。
8. Is she invited to the school-leavers’
party too
她也被邀请参加学校的毕业晚会了吗？
be invited to do sth.表示“被邀请去做某
事”。
e.g. I was invited to his birthday party.
我被邀请去参加他的生日聚会。
You can use English to communicate with people from all over the world – take your chance to learn something about how they live and what they eat. Learning about other cultures is not only interesting, it will also help you understand the world better.
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can heat it up in the
school kitchen, but it should
be cooked at home. What are
you going to make
5. Read and mark the pauses.
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can heat it up in the
school kitchen, but it should
be cooked at home. What are
you going to make
Lingling: Can we cook it at school
Betty: We can heat it up in the
school kitchen, but it should
be cooked at home. What are
you going to make
6. Work in pairs. Read the
conversation in Activity 5 aloud.
food and drink
music and dancing
7. Work in pairs. Make plans for a
party. Think about:
– What’s your plan for the party
– Everyone will be asked to bring
something to eat …
8. Work with another pair. Talk
about your party plans.
1. Mrs Li bought a ____ for her daughter
and it made her very happy.
A. calendar B. balloon
C. invitation D. fork
2. People usually use cooker to _____ the
dishes.
A. go up B. heat up
C. get up D. fix up
B
B
3. He was sad because he wasn’t ______
go to his classmate’s party.
A. Invite B. be invited
C. be invited to D. invited to
4. The book is no good ____ the little
children.
A. with B. at
C. for D. about
C
D
如果你下周日过生日，请用英语给你的朋友写一封邀请函，希望他们能够参加你的生日聚会。(共31张PPT)
When do you have lunch and dinner
What is used for the food in China
Can you sit at any place at the table in China
People use a knife and fork at a Western meal.
Look at the photo of a Western meal. Talk about the differences between a Western meal and a Chinese meal.
Westerner n. 西方人
West n. 西方(尤指西欧和北美)
wing n. 翅膀; 翼
lady n. 女士; 夫人; 小姐
gentleman n. 先生; 男士
1. Who is the passage written for
Visitors to Western countries from another part of the world.
2. Where might you see a passage like this
In a magazine.
Listen and read the passage, then answer the questions.
In the West
Mealtimes
Things to say at the start of a meal
Lunch: usually at about 1 pm
Dinner: around 7 pm or even later
The French: Bon appetit
The Italians: Buon appetito
The English: no similar expressions
Complete the table with information from the passage.
In the West
Method of eating
Things you say when offered food
with a fork in the left hand and a knife in the right hand
eat soup with a spoon
Fingers
Thank you.
I’m sorry. I don’t eat meat.
In the West
Things to say and do at the end of the meal
say you have enjoyed the food;
say and talk around the dinner table
“So when you eat Western food, do as Westerners do.” So what should you do
We should watch what other people do and copy them.
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
2. “At the start of a meal, the French say ‘Bon appetit’.” What do you say at the start of a Chinese meal
We say “Chi ba!” at the start of normal meals or “Da jia chi hao!” at the start of more formal meals.
3. “I’m sorry. I don’t eat meat.” When
might you want to say this
If I am offered something which I do not like.
4. “No, thanks. It was delicious, but I’ve had enough.” Do you mean you do not like the food
No, it means “I like the food but I’m full.”
5. “It is sometimes difficult to know when
the meal is over.” How do you know that
a meal is over in China
In China, a meal is usually over when the food is finished.
1. We often say, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
我们常说:“入乡随俗”。
When in Rome, do as the Romans do是西方谚语，相当于汉语中的“入乡随俗”。其中, as表示“和……一样(指以同样的方式处理某事物)”。
e.g. While in the chemistry lab, do as I say,
please.
其它常见西方谚语有：
Like father, like son.
有其父必有其子。
No pain, no gain.
没有耕耘, 就没有收获。
Once bitten, twice shy.
一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。
Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
2. Dinner is served around 7 pm or even
later.
serve v. 端上(食物和饮料) ,
服侍……进餐
常用结构: serve sb. sth./serve sth. to sb.
e.g. They usually serve tea at three.
The waiter served us wine.
3. But there is nothing similar to say
in English.
similar adj. 相似的
可用作定语或表语。
be similar to 与……相似
e.g. Martin’s shoes are similar to
mine.
be similar in 在某方面相似
e.g. The two houses are similar in
shape.
4. Help yourself.
随便做(或用) 吧; 请自便
是主人招待客人的常用语。
e.g. Help yourself to some fish, my
dear friend.
5. No one will be cross. 没有人会生气的。
cross adj. 生气的
e.g. The old lady was really cross when the
boy’s ball broke her windows.
All right, you two, don’t be cross with
each other.
v. 横穿,穿过; 交叉
e.g. It took him two months to cross the
desert.
She was sitting on the floor with her legs
crossed.
During a meal in the West, you use (1) _____ and forks most of the time, although you can use your fingers to eat chicken (2) ______ or hamburgers. You will be invited to (3) _____ yourself with food, the (4) ______ before the (5) _________.
knives
wings
serve
gentleman knife lady serve wing
ladies
gentlemen
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.
Read the table in Activity 3 again. Think about Chinese eating customs and write them down.
In China, lunch is usually served
around 12 pm or even later …
It’s impolite to stick their chopsticks into food or pointing at someone with chopsticks.
At the end of the meals, they usually say …
…
Write a sentence to introduce your passage.
Eating customs in China are in some ways different from those in the West.
Write a sentence to finish your passage.
Just enjoy your Chinese meal. You’ll never forget it!(共47张PPT)
What’s your favourite food
Is there any food you don’t eat at all
Do you like eating meat
Do you like having jiaozi
What kind of jiaozi do you like
1. I __________ to play the dance music.
2. Lunch ___ usually _______ at about 1 pm.
3. Knives and forks _________ for most Western food.
4. You _____________ by someone who asks, “Would you like some … ”
is eaten
was chosen
are used
will be served
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
We clean the classroom every day. (主
动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)
The classroom is cleaned every day. (被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者)
使用被动语态的情况：
1) 不知道或没有必要知道动作的执行者时
e.g. English is spoken all over the world.
2) 强调或侧重动作的承受者时
e.g. This dictionary is used by most
students.
时态 构成 例句
一般现在时 am/is/are +动词过去分词 Knives and forks are used for most Western food.
一般过去时 was/were +动词过去分词 The play was performed by the Beijing English Theatre Company.
一般将来时 be going to/will be +动词过去分词 You are going to / will be invited to a big meal.
各种时态的被动语态：
除时态以外，还应该注意短语动词在被动语态中的用法：
e.g. Old people are taken good care of in
China.
在中国，老年人得到很好的照顾。
A notice will be put up on the wall.
墙上会贴出一个告示。
可以看出，take care of, put up等短语动词的被动语态与单个动词的被动语态构成方式相同。
1. Lunch _________ daily from 12 pm to 2 pm.
is served
LUNCH SERVED
DAILY FROM 12 PM
TO 2 PM
2. Food _________________ into the meeting rooms.
should not be taken
Don’t take food into
the meeting rooms
3. The park ___________ for picnics.
is open
Park open for picnics
4. Dogs ______________ in the restaurant.
are not allowed
Dogs not allowed
5. The shop _________ until 10 am.
is closed
Closed until 10 am
Guests at a new restaurant in London (1) __________ (serve) by blind waiters. But the waiters are not the only people who cannot see. The guests cannot see either, because the restaurant (2) _______ (keep) dark.
are served
is kept
No lights (3) ___________ (allow), not even the light on your mobile phone. The idea is that when you cannot see, your sense of taste (4) ___________ (improve). “Don’t worry that you won’t enjoy food without seeing it.
are allowed
is improved
You can (5) _________ (enjoy) it using your nose, fingers and tongue instead,” promises the restaurant manager.
enjoy
On my mother’s birthday, my father took us to a lovely restaurant to celebrate. I (1) _________ the menu and looked at the good things to (2) ______.
eat
picked up
ask call drink eat order pay
pick up put on taste
We (3) _______ chicken, noodles and soup. Everything (4) _______ delicious. Then I (5) _______ for some ice cream while my parents (6) _______ some coffee. My mother was given a birthday cake and a dish filled with fruit.
ordered
tasted
asked
drank
ask call drink eat order
pay pick up put on taste
Then my father (7) _______ the bill. It was cold outside, so he (8) ________ a taxi. We (9) ________ our coats and went home. My mother was very happy, and it was a perfect evening.
ask call drink eat order
pay pick up put on taste
called
put on
paid
a) Is there any food you don’t eat
b) Would you like something to drink
c) Would you like some more soup
d) Anything else
e) And have you had one of these yet
f) Is there anything you especially like
1. A: Eric, have you ever had jiaozi
B: Yes, but I can never remember the different names.
A: (1) _____________________________
________________________________
B: Well, I really don’t know…
A: OK, (2) ________________________
________________________________
B: Well, I don’t eat beef. But I like any
kind of fish or vegetables.
A: Then let me order some food for you.
f) Is there anything you especially like
a) Is there any food you don’t eat
2. A: Good morning. Are you ready to order
B: Yes, I am. Thank you. I’ll have tomato soup and chicken wings, please.
A: (3) ______________________________
________________________________
B: I’ll have an orange juice and some iced tea.
A: (4) __________________
B: Could I have some apple pie
A: Certainly.
b) Would you like something to drink
d) Anything else
3. A: (5) ____________________________
_____________________________
B: Yes, please. It’s delicious.
A: (6) ____________________________
___________ They’re a kind of dumpling.
B: Mm, they look good. What’s inside them
A: Meat and vegetables.
B: Mm, they’re really good!
c) Would you like some more soup
e) And have you had one of these yet
1
2
3
1. The person who went to Britain put his knife and fork on his plate because _______.
a) he finished his meal
b) he did not want to talk with knife
and fork in his hand
c) he did not like the food
b
2. The person who went to France offered everyone small dishes of food because ______.
a) she thought they were for everyone
b) she was not polite
c) she was not French
a
3. The person who had a Chinese meal drank from the finger bowl because _______.
a) it had lemon in it
b) she was hungry
c) she thought it was soup
c
1. Who wrote the email
Zhang Dawei.
2. What will you usually be served at the end of the meal
Fruit.
1. What is Richard worried about
He is worried about what he should and shouldn’t do as a guest in China.
2. How many courses are usual for a dinner in the West
3. Why should Richard practise using chopsticks
Because he may find it difficult.
Three courses.
4. Why are the plates placed in the middle of the table in China
Because they are for everyone to share.
5. Is it a good idea to talk about food during a meal in China Why or why not
Yes, it is. Because preparation has taken a long time.
Birthday parties in the US
In the US, sixteenth birthday parties are usually important celebrations for teenagers. That is because the sixteenth birthday is their first step towards being an adult. Some of the parties are very big celebrations and cost a lot of money. Everyone dresses up and looks beautiful.
These parties are usually held in hotels, and there are even music groups playing. People give gifts to the sixteen-year-olds. Some gifts can be very precious. The young people enjoy themselves at the parties with singing and dancing. Other parties are simpler and held at home. Sometimes families celebrate in other ways, such as going on a special trip together, or going to the cinema or a nice restaurant for a meal.
when and where you ate it
who you were with
why the meal was special
what happened during the meal
what happened at the end of the meal
what the nicest thing about the experience was
1. The terrorists (恐怖分子) in Xinjiang _____ last month.
A. are caught B. was caught
C. were caught
2. Many students ____ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.
A. don’t give B. aren’t given
C. haven’t given
C
B
3. Look at our new school. It ______ last year.
A. built B. was built
C. is built D. will be built
4. He is very surprised that all the houses in the village ______ white.
A. paint B. painted
C. are painting D. are painted
B
D
1. —_____ free breakfasts ____ in all
schools in China
—No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. 【2014昆明】
A. Are; made B. Do; serve
C. Are; served D. Do; make
C
2. —Food safety is very important.
—So some rules ______ to stop people
from polluting food.
【2014湖北咸宁】
A. must make B. must be made
C. must made D. be made
B
3. Keep quiet, please! Talking _______ during the meeting. 【2014重庆市】
A. is not allowed B. is allowed
C. doesn’t allow D. allows
4. To my great surprise, the famous athlete’s story ______ differently in the newspapers. 【2014杭州】
A. was reported B. reported
C. was reporting D. reports
A
A
5. —Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s
birthday party on Saturday
—Unless I ________. 【2014黄冈】
A. will be invited B. am invited
C. was inviting D. invited
6. —I am afraid that I can’t finish the task
successfully.
—Don’t worry. You _____ plenty of time
to do it. 【2014长沙】
A. will be given B. give C. will give
B
A
7. The pet dog is warm and loving. It ______ as a daughter of my family.
【2014河北】
A. treats B. treated
C. is treated D. was treated
8. When Tim _______ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. 【2014河南】
A. was asked B. asked
C. was asking D. is asking
C
A
Please write a passage to introduce your birthday party that you will never forget. About 60 words.登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
关于中西方餐桌上的礼仪差异
餐饮礼仪问题可谓源远流长 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。据文献记载可知，至少在周代，饮食礼仪已形成一套相当完善的制度，特别是经曾任鲁国祭酒的孔子的称赞推崇而成为历朝历代表现大国之貌、礼仪之邦、文明之所的重要方面。
作为汉族传统的古代宴饮礼仪，自有一套程序：主人折柬相邀，临时迎客于门外。宾客到时，互致问候，引入客厅小坐，敬以茶点。客齐后导客入席，以左为上，视为首席，相对首座为二座，首座之下为三座，二座之下为四座。客人坐定，由主人敬酒让菜，客人以礼相谢。席间斟酒上菜也有一定的讲究：应先敬长者和主宾，最后才是主人。宴饮结束，引导客人入客厅小坐，上茶，直到辞别。这种传统宴饮礼仪在我国大部分地区保留完整，如山东、香港及台湾，许多影视作品中多有体现。
清代受西餐传入的影响，一些西餐礼仪也被引进。如分菜、上汤、进酒等方式也因合理卫生的食法被引入中餐礼仪中。中西餐饮食文化的交流，使得餐饮礼仪更加科学合理。
现代较为流行的中餐宴饮礼仪是在继续传统与参考国外礼仪的基础上发展而来的。其座次借西方宴会以右为上的法则，第一主宾就坐于主人右侧，第二主宾在主人左侧或第一主宾右侧，变通处理，斟酒上菜由宾客右侧进行，先主宾，后主人，先女宾，后男宾。酒斟八分，不可过满。上菜顺序依然保持传统，先冷后热。热菜应从主宾对面席位的左侧上；上单份菜或配菜席点和小吃先宾后主，上全鸡、全鸭、全鱼等整形菜，不能头尾朝向正主位。这些程序不仅可以使整个宴饮过程和谐有序，更使主客身份和情感得以体现和交流。因此，餐桌之上的礼仪可使宴饮活动圆满周全，使主客双方的修养得到全面展示。
特别具体的英国礼仪寻找困难，可参考正规书籍
1、就座时，身体要端正，手肘不要放在桌面上，不可跷足，与餐桌的距离以便于使用餐具为佳。餐台上已摆好的餐具不要随意摆弄。将餐巾对折轻轻放在膝上。
2、使用刀叉进餐时，从外侧往内侧取用刀叉，要左手持叉，右手持刀；切东西时左手拿叉按住食物，右手执刀将其切成小块，用叉子送入口中。使用刀时，刀刃不可向外。进餐中放下刀叉时应摆成“八”字型，分别放在餐盘边上。刀刃朝向自身，表示还要继续吃。每吃完一道菜，将刀叉并拢放在盘中。如果是谈话，可以拿着刀叉，无需放下。不用刀时，可用右手持叉，但若需要作手势时，就应放下刀叉，千万不可手执刀叉在空中挥舞摇晃，也不要一手拿刀或叉，而另一支手拿餐巾擦嘴，也不可一手拿酒杯，另一支手拿叉取菜。要记住，任何时候，都不可将刀叉的一端放在盘上，另一端放在桌上。
3、喝汤时不要啜，吃东西时要闭嘴咀嚼。不要舔嘴唇或咂嘴发出声音。如汤菜过热，可待稍凉后再吃，不要用嘴吹。喝汤时，用汤勺从里向外舀，汤盘中的汤快喝完时，用左手将汤盘的外侧稍稍翘起，用汤勺舀净即可。吃完汤菜时，将汤匙留在汤盘（碗）中，匙把指向自己。
4、吃鱼、肉等带刺或骨的菜肴时，不要直接外吐，可用餐巾捂嘴轻轻吐在叉上放入盘内。如盘内剩余少量菜肴时，不要用叉子刮盘底，更不要用手指相助食用，应以小块面包或叉子相助食用。吃面条时要用叉子先将面条卷起，然后送入口中。
5、面包一般掰成小块送入口中，不要拿着整块面包去咬。抹黄油和果酱时也要先将面包掰成小块再抹。
6、吃鸡时，欧美人多以鸡胸脯肉为贵。吃鸡腿时应先用力将骨去掉，不要用手拿着吃。吃鱼时不要将鱼翻身，要吃完上层后用刀叉将鱼骨剔掉后再吃下层吃肉时，要切一块吃一块，块不能切得过大，或一次将肉都切成块。
7、喝咖啡时如愿意添加牛奶或糖，添加后要用小勺搅拌均匀，将小勺放在咖啡的垫碟上。喝时应右手拿杯把，左手端垫碟，直接用嘴喝，不要用小勺一勺一勺地舀着喝。吃水果时，不要拿着水果整个去咬，应先用水果刀切成四瓣再用刀去掉皮、核、用叉子叉着吃。
8、用刀叉吃有骨头的肉时，可以用手拿着吃。若想吃得更优雅，还是用刀较好。用叉子将整片肉固定（可将叉子朝上，用叉子背部压住肉），再用刀沿骨头插人，把肉切开。最好是边切边吃。必须用手吃时，会附上洗手水。当洗手水和带骨头的肉一起端上来时，意味着“请用手吃”。用手指拿东西吃后，将手指放在装洗手水的碗里洗净。吃一般的菜时，如果把手指弄脏，也可请侍者端洗手水来，注意洗手时要轻轻地洗。
9、吃面包可蘸调味汁吃到连调味汁都不剩，是对厨师的礼貌。注意不要把面包盘子“舔”得很干净，而要用叉子叉住已撕成小片的面包，再蘸一点调味汁来吃，是雅观的作法。
西餐礼仪知识
随着生活方式的更新和社会交往的活跃，我国吃西餐的人越来越多。在组织的涉外活动中，为适合国外客人的饮食习惯，有时要用西餐来招待客人。西餐厅一般比较宽敞，环境幽雅，吃西餐又便于交谈，因此，在公共关系宴请中，是一种比较受欢迎又方便可取的招待形式。西餐源远流长，又十分注重礼仪，讲究规矩，所以，了解一些西餐方面的知识是十分重要的。
西餐的特点
“西餐”，是我国对欧美地区菜肴的统称，是一个泛指。如粗略地划分，西餐大致可以分为二类：一是以英、法、德、意等国为代表的“西欧式”，又称“欧式”，其特点是选料精纯、口味清淡，以款式多，制作精细而享有盛誉；二是以前苏联为代表的“东欧式”，也称“俄式”，其特点是味道浓，油重，以咸、酸、甜、辣皆具而著称。此外，还有在英国菜基础上发展起来的“美式”。如进一步细分，则还可分为英国菜、法国莱、俄国菜、美国菜、意大利菜以及德国菜等。各国菜系自成风味，各有各的风格，其中尤以法国菜最为突出。但是从总体上看，与中餐相比，西餐至少具有以下几个显著的特点：
首先，西餐极重视各类营养成分的搭配组合，充分考虑人体对各种营养（糖类、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素）和热量的需求来安排菜或加工烹调。
其次，选料精细，用料广泛。西餐烹饪在选料时十分精细、考究，而且选料十分广泛。如美国菜常用水果制作菜肴或饭点，咸里带甜；意大利菜则会将各类面食制作成菜肴：各种面片、面条、面花都能制成美味的席上佳肴；而法国菜，选料更为广泛，诸如蜗牛、洋百合、椰树芯等均可入菜。
第三，讲究调味，注重色泽。西餐烹调的调味品大多不同于中餐，如酸奶油、桂叶、柠檬等都是常用的调味品。法国菜还注重用酒调味，在烹调时普遍用酒，不同菜肴用不同的酒做调料；德国菜则多以啤酒调味，在色泽的搭配上则讲究对比、明快，因而色泽鲜艳，能刺激食欲。
最后，工艺严谨，器皿讲究。西餐的烹调方法很多，常用的有煎、烩、烤、焖等十几种，而且十分注重工艺流程，讲究科学化、程序化，工序严谨。烹调的炊具与餐具均有不同于中餐的特点。特别是餐具，除瓷制品外，水晶、玻璃及各类金属制餐具占很大比重。
餐具的使用
1.西餐的餐具
广义的西餐餐具包括刀、叉、匙、盘、杯、餐巾等。其中盘又有菜盘、布丁盘、奶盘、白脱盘等；酒杯更是讲究，正式宴会几乎每上一种酒，都要换上专用的玻璃酒杯。
狭义的餐具则专指刀、叉、匙三大件。刀分为食用刀、鱼刀、肉刀（刀口有锯齿，用以切牛排、猪排等）、黄油刀和水果刀。叉分为食用叉、鱼叉、肉叉和虾叉。匙则有汤匙、甜食匙、茶匙。公用刀、叉、匙的规格明显大于餐用刀叉。
餐具的摆法：垫盘放在餐席的正中心，盘上放折叠整齐的餐巾或餐纸（也有把餐巾或餐纸拆成花蕊状放在玻璃杯内的）。两侧的刀、叉、匙排成整齐的平行线，如有席位卡，则放在垫盘的前方。所有的餐刀放在垫盘的右侧，刀刃朝向垫盘。各种匙类放在餐刀右边，匙心朝上。餐叉则放在垫盘的左边，叉齿朝上。一个座席一般只摆放三副刀叉。面包碟放在客人的左手边，上置面包刀（即黄油刀，供抹奶油、果酱用，而不是用来切面包）一把，各类酒杯和水杯则放在右前方。如有面食，吃面食的匙、叉则横放在前方。
2.餐具的用法
刀叉持法。用刀时，应将刀柄的尾端置于手掌之中，以拇指抵住刀柄的一侧，食指按在刀柄上，但需注意食指决不能触及刀背，其余三指则顺势弯曲，握住刀柄。叉如果不是与刀并用，叉齿应该向上。持叉应尽可能持住叉柄的末端，叉柄倚在中指上，中间则以无名指和小指为支撑，叉可以单独用于叉餐或取食，也可以用于取食某些头道菜和馅饼，还可以用取食那种无需切割的主菜。
刀叉的使用。右手持刀，左手持叉，先用叉子把食物按住，然后用刀切成小块，再用叉送入嘴内。欧洲人使用时不换手，即从切割到送食物入口均以左手持叉。美国人则切割后，将刀放下换右手持叉送食入口。
刀叉并用时，持叉姿势与持刀相似，但叉齿应该向下。通常刀叉并用是在取食主菜的时候，但若无需要刀切割时，则可用叉切割，这两种方法都是正确的。
匙的用法。持匙用右手，持法同持叉，但手指务必持在匙柄之端，除喝汤外，不用匙取食其他食物。
餐巾用法。进餐时，大餐巾可折起（一般对折）折口向外平铺在腿上，小餐巾可伸开直接铺在腿上。注意不可将餐巾挂在胸前（但在空间不大的地方，如飞机上可以如此）。拭嘴时需用餐巾的上端，并用其内侧来擦嘴。绝不可用来擦脸部或擦刀叉、碗碟等。
西餐进餐礼仪
因为西餐主要是在餐具、菜肴、酒水等方面有别于中餐，因此，参加西餐宴会，除了应遵循前述中餐宴会的基本礼仪之外，还应分别掌握以下几个方面的礼仪知识。
1.餐具使用的礼仪
吃西餐，必须注意餐桌上餐具的排列和置放位置，不可随意乱取乱拿。正规宴会上，每一道食物、菜肴即配一套相应的餐具（刀、叉、匙），并以上菜的先后顺序由外向内排列。进餐时，应先取左右两侧最外边的一套刀叉。每吃完一道菜，将刀叉合拢并排置于碟中，表示此道菜已用完，服务员便会主动上前撤去这套餐具。如尚未用完或暂时停顿，应将刀叉呈八字型左右分架或交叉摆在餐碟上，刀刃向内，意思是告诉服务员，我还没吃完，请不要把餐具拿走。
使用刀叉时，尽量不使其碰撞，以免发出大的声音，更不可挥动刀叉与别人讲话。
2.进餐礼仪
西餐种类繁多，风味各异，因此其上菜的顺序，因不同的菜系、不同的规格而有所差异，但其基本顺序大体相同。
一餐内容齐全的西菜一般有七八道，主要由这样几部分构成：
第一，饮料（果汁）、水果或冷盆，又称开胃菜，目的是增进食欲。
第二，汤类（也即头菜）。需用汤匙，此时一般上有黄油、面包。
第三，蔬菜、冷菜或鱼（也称副菜）。可使用垫盘两侧相应的刀叉。
第四，主菜（肉食或熟菜）。肉食主菜一般配有熟蔬菜，此时要用刀叉分切后放餐盘内取食。如有色拉，需要色拉匙、色拉叉等餐具。
第五，餐后食物。一般为甜品（点心）、水果、冰淇淋等。最后为咖啡，喝咖啡应使用咖啡匙、长柄匙。
进餐时，除用刀、叉、匙取送食物外，有时还可用手取。如吃鸡、龙虾时，经主人示意，可以用手撕着吃。吃饼干、薯片或小粒水果，可以用手取食。面包则一律手取，注意取自己左手前面的，不可取错。取面包时，左手拿取，右手撕开，再把奶油涂上去，一小块一小块撕着吃。不可用面包蘸汤吃，也不可一整块咬着吃。
喝汤时，切不可以汤盘就口，必须用汤匙舀着喝。姿势是：用左手扶着盘沿，右手用匙舀，不可端盘喝汤，不要发出吱吱的声响，也不可频率太快。如果汤太烫时，应待其自然降温后再喝。
吃肉或鱼的时候，要特别小心。用叉按好后，慢慢用刀切，切好后用叉子进食，千万不可用叉子将其整个叉起来，送到嘴里去咬。这类菜盘里一般有些生菜，往往是用于点缀和增加食欲的，吃不吃由你，不要为了面子强吃下去。
餐桌上的佐料，通常已经备好，放在桌上。如果距离太远，可以请别人麻烦一下，不能自己站起来伸手去拿，这是很难看的。
吃西餐时相互交谈是很正常的现象，但切不可大声喧哗，放声大笑，也不可抽烟，尤其在吃东西时应细嚼慢咽，嘴里不要发出很大的声响，更不能把叉刀伸进嘴里。至于拿着刀叉作手势在别人面前挥舞，更是失礼和缺乏修养的行为。
吃西餐还应注意坐姿。坐姿要正，身体要直，脊背不可紧靠椅背，一般坐于座椅的四分之三即可。不可伸腿，不能翘起二郎腿，也不要将胳臂肘放到桌面上。
饮酒时，不要把酒杯斟得太满，也不要和别人劝酒（这些都不同于中餐）。如刚吃完油腻食物，最好先擦一下嘴再去喝酒，免得让嘴上的油渍将杯子弄的油乎乎的。干杯时，即使不喝，也应将酒杯在嘴唇边碰一下，以示礼貌。
有人曾将一次礼貌的饮酒程序做了总结：首先，举起酒杯，双目平视，欣赏色彩；其次，稍微端近，轻闻酒香；然后，小啜一口；第四，慢慢品尝；最后，赞美酒好、酒香。
总之，西餐既重礼仪，又讲规矩，只有认真掌握好，才能在就餐时表现得温文尔雅，颇具风度。21世纪教育网版权所有
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西餐桌上的礼仪
因为用西餐规矩颇多，很多中国人可能不甚了解。我们在此介绍一些最基本的知识。
选用酒杯
如果你面前放着四个杯子，不要随便拿起哪只就用。要知道其中的区分。
大杯用于盛水，人们不用它来干杯。因此，干杯时不能举这个大杯。
中杯用于盛红葡萄酒。小杯用于盛白葡萄酒。细长杯子用来盛香槟酒。
饮酒、水、饮料时应注意事项
在饮用杯中物时，应先将口中咀嚼物咽下，然后将刀、叉在盘中放成八字形或交叉，再用餐巾纸将嘴唇擦拭干净。然后再喝酒、水等。
在喝酒、水等时，中国人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )习惯举杯仰头痛饮，一口喝光。而在西方这却恰恰是应避免的。最文明的方式在西方是头保持平直、一口口啜饮。喝到底时，杯中总还是留一点酒。 21世纪教育网版权所有
在喝饮料、汤、酒、水等时，不要用嘴唇吸出声音来，而应一口一口地轻轻喝。
在祝酒时，总是由主人或是地位、身份最高者倡议。
在握杯时，应一手抓满杯子，不要在擎杯时翘起小指或其它手指。
使用刀叉
如在用餐时要放下刀叉，应将其放在盘子两边，刀与叉子头向内。
如用完了餐（即使盘中仍有剩余食物），应把刀叉平行斜放入盘中，叉齿朝下。叉离自己近、刀离自己远。 21cnjy.com
在将盘中食物推到叉上去时，应使用面包，而不要用刀去推。
不要始终拿着刀，也不要刀朝上。而要在切好食物后，便放下刀，让刀放在盘子平行的右侧，然后使用叉吃。 21·cn·jy·com
注意，如果不知该怎么正确使用刀叉时，就看别人如何做，依样画葫芦。
在有许多刀叉排列在桌上时，使用规则也是每次使用最外侧的刀与叉。
在使用刀时，应刀刃向下、食指按在刀脊上切割。
食用面包
将面包放在自己左面小盘中。在食用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面包时，是不用刀去切割面包的，而是用手撕下一块一块面包，然后再放入嘴中。因此，人们也不用嘴去直接咬面包，除非是三明治。 21教育网
如果要将黄油涂上面包，应 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是用手一块块撕下面包，然后一小块一小块涂。不要一下子将整个面包涂满。当然在早餐时，可以在一长条半片棍子面包上涂上黄油、果酱。但在正餐中就不能这样了。 www.21-cn-jy.com
种种注意事项
除了用手撕面包吃外，其它食物都用刀、叉、匙子来吃。
食用生菜不用刀去切割，只用叉的边缘去切割。
盘中最好不要留下剩余食品。当然也不用“涮”得很干净。
使用餐巾时，应将其平摊在膝盖上。用完餐后略一叠就留在桌旁好了。不能将其完全叠好，也不能将其揉成一团扔在桌上。 2·1·c·n·j·y
在西餐桌上很少用牙签，因此最好不用。
万一打翻酒杯等，不用大惊小怪，只说一声道歉便可。到用餐结束后再道歉一声更好。
如要吐出嘴中硬核、鱼刺等，不要直接吐在手上，而要用叉接好去放在盘子边缘。
吃东西时，用叉将食物取起放入口中，而不要低头用嘴去接近食物。
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