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小数乘除法巧算(专项训练)数学五年级上册北师大版
1.脱式计算(能简算的要简算)
(1)0.54÷0.09×7.3
(2)59.6×7.8+2.2×59.6
(3)8.73×4×2.5
(4)28×(3.2-3.16)÷16
2.递等式计算,能简算的就简便计算。
(1)4.06×3-17.5÷5
(2)9.2×5.28+4.72×9.2
(3)12÷1.25÷0.08
(4)35.8+4.2÷0.06
3.递等式计算。(能用简便方法计算的要用简便方法计算)
①12.5×88
②4.5×2.6+6.06÷1.2
③0.63×99+0.63
④3.8×5.2+0.35×48
⑤9÷2.5÷0.4
⑥5.6+13.8+6.2+4.4
4.脱式计算。(能简算的要用简算)
(1)8.9×4.4+5.6×8.9
(2)62.5÷2.5÷0.5
(3)1.25×108
5.脱式计算,能用简便方法的用简便方法计算。
①36÷[(17.5+29.3)÷26]
②0.17÷(0.5+0.3×4)
③3.5×16×1.25
④12.15-(2.15+3×0.8)
⑤3.8×9.9+0.38
⑥4.8÷2.5÷1.6
6.脱式计算。(能简算的要简算)
(1)0.25×32×1.25
(2)8.45×1.01-8.45
(3)6.59×7.5+0.75×34.1
7.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
①0.78+0.22÷5
②10.2×9.8
③35.75÷0.25÷4
④5.6×4.3÷2.8
⑤1012.3-1.25×2.3×0.8
8.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
(1)62.5÷1.25÷0.8
(2)4.76×0.65+0.65×5.24
(3)6.8÷[(4.5-2.8)×0.4]
(4)90÷(5.6-3.8)
9.脱式计算。(能简算的要简算)
(1)0.125×32×0.25
(2)1.25×49+1.25
(3)3.8×0.45+0.38×6.5-0.038×10
(4)4.5×10.1
10.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
①1.25×3.2×0.25
②14.5×102
③14.64+3.7×2.8
④4.8×56.7+0.567×520
⑤8.7÷0.2÷0.5
11.脱式计算。
(1)7.8÷2.5÷4
(2)8.3×9.9+0.83
(3)8.48+2.6×3.2
(4)0.18÷0.24÷0.025
12.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
(1)19.2÷12.5÷8
(2)7.5×9.9+0.75
(3)(3-0.25)×4
(4)25×3.48×0.4
13.脱式计算.
(1)1.25×6.23×0.8
(2)1.08÷[1.5×(1.7+1.3)]
14.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
①17.05-1.3-8.7+12.95
②0.32×2.5×12.5
③2.78×1.1-2.78
④16.1÷0.23-23.65
⑤5.04×3.7+3.7×3.96+3.7
⑥23.6÷[(6.8-5.4)×2.75-0.9]
15.用递等式计算。(能简算的要简算)
①1.56-0.45+0.55
②3.56-0.2+6.44-4.8
③3.2+9.6÷0.32
④3.5×5.2+0.35×48
⑤1.25×0.32×25
⑥4.75×[60÷(3.24-3.04)]
16.脱式计算下面各题,能简算的要简算。
①0.25×125×8×4
②4.7×2.7+5.53×27
③1.5×[1÷(2.1-2.05)]
④9.16×9+9.16
⑤28.59-4.64×0.2÷0.1
⑥(7.9-3.06÷0.68)×1.5
17.脱式计算,能简算的要简算。
(1)(12.7-3.7)÷0.9
(2)1.25×32×2.5
(3)8.4+12.6÷0.3
(4)8.27×6.3+8.27×3.7
18.脱式计算,能简算的简算
①0.34+14.7÷4.9
②0.76×99+0.76
③19.4-1.2×4-5.2
④2.1÷[(34+2.4)÷26]
⑤3.5+1.25×3.4×8
⑥7.56÷1.8×101-4.2
19.脱式计算。
(1)(12.5-2.5)÷2.5
(2)15.8-0.8÷0.5×4
(3)8.26×25-42.6×2.5
20.脱式计算(能简算的要简算)
①0.56+0.44÷5
②0.63×99
③34.6÷1.25÷0.8
④0.4×(2.5×0.55)
⑤(1.8+4.2÷0.15)÷0.01
答案解析部分
1.【答案】(1)0.54÷0.09×7.3
=6×7.3
=43.8
(2)59.6×7.8+2.2×59.6
=59.6×(7.8+2.2)
=59.6×10
=596
(3)8.73×4×2.5
=8.73×(4×2.5)
=8.73×10
=87.3
(4)28×(3.2-3.16)÷16
=28×0.04÷16
=1.12÷16
=0.07
2.【答案】(1)4.06×3-17.5÷5
=12.18-3.5
=8.68
(2)9.2×5.28+4.72×9.2
=9.2×(5.28+4.72)
=9.2×10
=92
(3)12÷1.25÷0.08
=12÷(1.25×0.08)
=12÷0.1
=120
(4)35.8+4.2÷0.06
=35.8+70
=105.8
3.【答案】①12.5×88
=12.5×(80+8)
=12.5×80+12.5×8
=1000+100
=1100
②4.5×2.6+6.06÷1.2
=11.7+0.505
=12.205
③0.63×99+0.63
=0.63×(99+1)
=0.63×100
=63
④3.8×5.2+0.35×48
=19.76+16.8
=36.56
⑤9÷2.5÷0.4
=9÷(2.5×0.4)
=9÷1
=9
⑥5.6+13.8+6.2+4.4
=(5.6+4.4)+(13.8+6.2)
=10+20
=30
4.【答案】(1)8.9×4.4+5.6×8.9
=8.9×(4.4+5.6)
=8.9×10
=89
(2)62.5÷2.5÷0.5
=25÷0.5
=50
(3)1.25×108
=1.25×(100+8)
=1.25×100+1.25×8
=125+10
=135
5.【答案】①36÷[(17.5+29.3)÷26]
=36÷[46.8÷26]
=36÷1.8
=20
②0.17÷(0.5+0.3×4)
=0.17÷(0.5+1.2)
=0.17÷1.7
=0.1
③3.5×16×1.25
=(3.5×2)×(8×1.25)
=7×10
=70
④12.15-(2.15+3×0.8)
=12.15-(2.15+2.4)
=12.15-4.55
=7.6
⑤3.8×9.9+0.38
=3.8×(9.9+0.1)
=3.8×10
=38
⑥4.8÷2.5÷1.6
=4.8÷1.6÷2.5
=3÷2.5
=1.2
6.【答案】(1)0.25×32×1.25
=(0.25×4)×(8×1.25)
=1×10
=10
(2)8.45×1.01-8.45
=8.45×(1.01-1)
=8.45×0.01
=0.0845
(3)6.59×7.5+0.75×34.1
=6.59×7.5+7.5×3.41
=7.5×(6.59+3.41)
=7.5×10
=75
7.【答案】①0.78+0.22÷5
=0.78+0.044
=0.824
②10.2×9.8
=(10+0.2)×9.8
=10×9.8+0.2×9.8
=99.96
③35.75÷0.25÷4
=35.75÷(0.25×4)
=35.75÷1
=35.75
④5.6×4.3÷2.8
=24.08÷2.8
=8.6
⑤1012.3-1.25×2.3×0.8
=1012.3-1.25×0.8×2.3
=1012.3-1×2.3
=1010
8.【答案】(1)解:62.5÷1.25÷0.8
=62.5÷(1.25×0.8)
=62.5÷1
=62.5
(2)解:4.76×0.65+0.65×5.24
=0.65×(4.76+5.24)
=0.65×10
=6.5
(3)解:6.8÷[(4.5-2.8)×0.4]
=6.8÷0.68
=10
(4)解:90÷(5.6-3.8)
=90÷1.8
=50
9.【答案】(1)0.125×32×0.25
=0.125×(8×4)×0.25
=(0.125×8)×(4×0.25)
=1×1
=1
(2)1.25×49+1.25
=1.25×(49+1)
=1.25×50
=62.5
(3)3.8×0.45+0.38×6.5-0.038×10
=3.8×0.45+3.8×0.65-3.8×0.1
=3.8×(0.45+0.65-0.1)
=3.8×1
=3.8
(4)4.5×10.1
=4.5×(10+0.1)
=4.5×10+4.5×0.1
=45+0.45
=45.45
10.【答案】①1.25×3.2×0.25
=(1.25×0.8)×(0.25×4)
=1×1
=1
②14.5×102
=14.5×100+14.5×2
=1450+29
=1479
③14.64+3.7×2.8
=14.64+10.36
=25
④4.8×56.7+0.567×520
=4.8×56.7+5.2×56.7
=(4.8+5.2)×56.7
=10×56.7
=567
⑤8.7÷0.2÷0.5
=8.7÷(0.2×0.5)
=8.7÷0.1
=87
11.【答案】(1)7.8÷2.5÷4
=7.8÷(2.5×4)
=7.8÷10
=0.78
(2)8.3×9.9+0.83
=8.3×9.9+8.3×0.1
=8.3×(9.9+0.1)
=8.3×10
=83
(3)8.48+2.6×3.2
=8.48+8.32
=16.8
(4)0.18÷0.24÷0.025
=0.75÷0.025
=30
12.【答案】(1)19.2÷12.5÷8
=19.2÷(12.8×8)
=19.2÷100
=0.192
(2)7.5×9.9+0.75
=7.5×9.9+0.75×1
=7.5×9.9+7.5×0.1
=7.5×(9.9+0.1)
=7.5×10
=75
(3)(3-0.25)×4
=3×4-0.25×4
=12-1
=11
(4)25×3.48×0.4
=25×0.4×3.48
=10×3.48
=34.8
13.【答案】(1)1.25×6.23×0.8
=1.25×0.8×6.23
=1×6.23
=6.23
(2)1.08÷[1.5×(1.7+1.3)]
=1.08÷[1.5×3]
=1.08÷4.5
=0.24
14.【答案】①17.05-1.3-8.7+12.95
=(17.05+12.95)-(1.3+8.7)
=30-10
=20
②0.32×2.5×12.5
=(0.4x2.5)x(0.8x12.5)
=1x10
=10
③2.78×1.1-2.78
=2.78x(1.1-1)
=2.78x0.1
=0.278
④16.1÷0.23-23.65
=70-23.65
=46.35
⑤5.04×3.7+3.7×3.96+3.7
=3.7x(5.04+3.96+1)
=3.7x(9+1)
=3.7x10
=37
⑥23.6÷[(6.8-5.4)×2.75-0.9]
=23.6÷[1.4×2.75-0.9]
=23.6÷[3.85-0.9]
=23.6÷2.95
=8
15.【答案】①1.56-0.45+0.55=1.11+0.55=1.66②3.56-0.2+6.44-4.8=(3.56+6.44)-(0.2+4.8)=10-5=5③3.2+9.6÷0.32=3.2+30=33.2④3.5×5.2+0.35×48=3.5×5.2+3.5×4.8=3.5×(5.2+4.8)=3.5×10=35⑤1.25×0.32×25=1.25×(0.8×0.4)×25=(1.25×0.8)×(0.4×25)=1×10=10⑥4.75×[60÷(3.24-3.04)]=4.75×[60÷0.2]=4.75×300=1425
16.【答案】①0.25×125×8×4
=(0.25×4)×(125×8)
=1×1000
=1000
②4.7×2.7+5.53×27
=4.7×2.7+55.3×2.7
=2.7×(4.7+55.3)
=2.7×60
=162
③1.5×[1÷(2.1-2.05)]
=1.5×[1÷0.05]
=1.5×20
=30
④9.16×9+9.16
=9.16×9+9.16×1
=9.16×(9+1)
=9.16×10
=91.6
⑤28.59-4.64×0.2÷0.1
=28.59-0.928÷0.1
=28.59-9.28
=19.31
⑥(7.9-3.06÷0.68)×1.5
=(7.9-4.5)×1.5
=3.4×1.5
=5.1
17.【答案】(1)(12.7-3.7)÷0.9
=9÷0.9
=10
(2)1.25×32×2.5
=(1.25×8)×(4×2.5)
=10×10
=100
(3)8.4+12.6÷3
=8.4+4.2
=12.6
(4)8.27×6.3+8.27×3.7
=8.27×(6.3+3.7)
=8.27×10
=82.7
18.【答案】①0.34+14.7÷4.9
=0.34+3
=3.34
②0.76×99+0.76
=0.76×(99+1)
=0.76×100
=76
③19.4-1.2×4-5.2
=19.4-4.8-5.2
=19.4-(4.8+5.2)
=19.4-10
=9.4
④2.1÷[(34+2.4)÷26]
=2.1÷[36.4÷26]
=2.1÷1.4
=1.5
⑤3.5+1.25×3.4×8
=3.5+1.25×8×3.4
=3.5+10×3.4
=3.5+34
=37.5
⑥7.56÷1.8×101-4.2
=4.2×101-4.2
=4.2×(101-1)
=4.2×100
=420
19.【答案】(1)(12.5-2.5)÷2.5
=10÷2.5
=4
(2)15.8-0.8÷0.5×4
=15.8-1.6×4
=15.8-6.4
=9.4
(3)8.26×25-42.6×2.5
=82.6×2.5-42.6×2.5
=2.5×(82.6-42.6)
=2.5×40
=100
20.【答案】①0.56+0.44÷5
=0.56+0.088
=0.648
②0.63×99
=0.63×(100-1)
=0.63×100-0.63×1
=63-0.63
=62.37
③34.6÷1.25÷0.8
=34.6÷(1.25×0.8)
=34.6÷1
=34.6
④0.4×(2.5×0.55)
=0.55×(0.4×2.5)
=0.55×1
=0.55
⑤(1.8+4.2÷0.15)÷0.01
=(1.8+28)÷0.01
=29.8÷0.01
=2980
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