Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage模块精品备课

课件19张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageCultural CornerRead the passage quickly and answer the following questions. 1. When and why did the Living Treasure Program start?In 1984.
The idea was to celebrate the lives
of members of the older generation. Old members of the community are selected to be celebrated by the town. They are filmed, recorded and photographed, and these things are displayed as reference for everyone.2. How does the Living Treasure Program work? 3. Why does the program honour three older New Mexicans twice a year? Because they don’t want people to forget the old people and the program can hold the community together. Read the passage carefully and tell the sentences true or false.1. The Living Treasure Program is only carried out in the state of New Mexico.
2. The Living Treasure Program is also
carried out in Japan.F F3. Twice a year three older New Mexicans are asked to write down their life stories.
4. The living treasures are all very important people in the town.
5. The living treasure are honoured because they have made contributions to the protection to their culture.FFTTalking1. What do you think of the programme in New Mexico?
2. Do you think it a good idea to have similar program in China?1. Older people are easily forgotten or
ignored in a country like the USA.
ignore v. 不顾，不理，忽视
e.g. ① I said hello to her, but she ignored
me completely!
② If you ignore your diet, trouble
will follow. 2. Twice a year, in spring and autumn, the
program honors three older New
Mexicans.
honour
1) 用作名词
have the honour of 有幸……
e.g. I have the honour of introducing
Mr. Li. 我很荣幸地介绍一下李先生。in honour of 为了（纪念或表示敬意而举行某活动）
e.g. They put up a monument in honour of those killed in the battle.
他们为了纪念在那场战争中的阵亡 将士而建造了一座纪念碑。 on one’s honour 以名誉担保
e.g. On my honour, it’s true.
我以名誉担保, 这是真的。
do sb. the honour of doing sth. 赏光……
e.g. Would you do me the honour of
dining with me?
你能赏光和我一起吃饭吗？2) 用作动词
be / feel honoured to do sth.
（做某事）感到荣幸
e.g. I was honoured to have been
mentioned in his speech.
他在讲话中提到了我, 真是荣幸。honour sb. for sth.
因……而表扬（奖励，尊敬）某人
e.g. He has been honoured for his
scientific work.
他因科研成就而受到奖励。honour sb. with sth.
授予某人……头衔（称号）
e.g. Jack was honoured with a
knighthood.
杰克被授予爵士头衔。【例题】
Washington, a state in the Unite States, was named ________ one of the greatest American presidents.
A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favour of D. by means of TaskChoose the heritage site that you want to make a case study of and find photos and other information.
2. Write down information and give your presentation to the rest of the class.课件59张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageSubjunctive
虚拟语气定义: 用来表示说的话不是事实, 或
者是不可能发生的情况, 而是一
种愿望、建议、假设的语气叫
虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的, 是与事实相符的。
非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的, 与事实相反的情况。例如：
1. If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to
visit my grandma. （可能发生）
2. If I were a bird, I would fly to America. （不可能发生）1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况
e.g. If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
2. 表示与过去事实相反的情况
e.g. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了） 3. 表示对将来情况的主观推测　
e.g. If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小）
If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.
如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小） would/could/should/might +v.(原)would/could/should/might+ have+ p.p.would/could/should/might +v.(原)1.过去时
2.should+v.
3. were to do过去完成时过去时(were)假设条件虚拟倒装
条件从句中有should, were, had三个助动词可以把if省略, 并将这三个词提至句首。
If I were you, I would give it up.
___________, I would give it up.
If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
________________________, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.Were I youWere it not for your adviceIf I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.
_____________, I would have run round that lake again.
If there should be a flood, what should we do?
____________________, what should we do?Had I had timeShould there be a flood可以用介词短语代替条件从句:
1. Without your help, we shouldn’t have succeeded. (= If it hadn’t been for your help,...)
2. But for the storm, we would have arrived earlier. (= If it hadn’t been for the storm,...)3. I am busy now; otherwise I would go
with you.
=If I were not busy now, I…4. I was busy; otherwise I would have
given you more help.
=If I hadn’t been busy, I…二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用 wish
的宾语从句现在:
过去:
将来:过去时(were)过去完成时would/could/might + v. I wish I ____ (be) a bird. (现在)
I wish I ___________ (make) such a mistake. (过去)
We wish our parents ______________ (punish) us. (将来)werehadn’t madewouldn’t punish2. 表示要求, 命令, 建议的虚拟语气。常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议，四个要求。
1. insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose(recommend)
4. demand , require, request, desire, ask, urge should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.
He insisted that I (should )be present.国王命令明天对囚犯实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.1) insist作坚决要求、一定要,其宾语从句常用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气, 即should+动词原形,其中should可以省略。
如: Her?father?insists that?she (should) learn music after she leaves school.2)?insist作坚持说、坚持认为时, 用陈述 语气。如：
Alice?insisted?that?she?had?done?
nothing?wrong.
He insisted that he was right. 由上述动词构成的名词,如带有表语从句或同位语从句,其谓语也用 “(should)+动词原形”。如:
My suggestion is that we (should) go there as soon as possible.
The officer gave orders that all the soldiers (should) get there before sunset. 三、虚拟语气的特殊句式It’s time 从句:
It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形, 但should不可省略。如:
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed. 考题点击：
It’s half past eleven. It’s high time _____ home.
A. we’ll B. we’d C. we’re going D. we wentDWould rather that现在:
过去:
未来:e.g. I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.
Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时as if /though + Clause 现在:
过去:过去时过去完成时She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
It seems as if it were spring.
I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
He looks as if he were drunk.even if/even though
e.g. Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that从句中的动词要用虚拟语气，即
(should)+动词原形。It is important that we (should) master a
foreign language.
It is strange that she should refuse to come
to the party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard. It is suggested(ordered, requested,
proposed, desired...) that的结构中, 谓语动词用“should+动词原形”
(should可省略)。 ?
e.g. It was suggested that the work
should be done at once. without和but for 构成虚拟语气。如:
1. Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
2. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
3. Without your help, I would have failed.
4. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.only if 表示“只有”；if only 则表示“如果……就好了”。
If only 也可用于陈述语气。如:
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了, 我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung.　　　
当时闹钟响了, 就好了。
If only he comes early.　　　　　　　
但愿他早点回来。某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!四、情态动词中的虚拟must have done表示对过去已经发生的行为的推测，意为“想必、准是、一定做了某事”。如：It must have rained last night, for the road was quite muddy.
cannot have done 表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定。如：He cannot have forgotten it. could have done用于肯定句中，表“本 来可以…”。如:
You could have done better, but you were too careless.
might have done“本来可能…”, 但实际上没有发生。另外, 还可表示“本来可以或可以做某事”之意, 含有责备语气。如：You might have been eaten by fish.
You might have given him more help, though you were busy.
should/ought to have done用于肯定句时表示“本该做某事，而实际上未做”，用于否定句时则表示“不该做的反而做了”。
e.g. You should have come to the meeting
earlier.
You shouldn’t have told her the truth.needn’t have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。 如：You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for it was very to my house. Rewrite the sentences with the verbs in the box.demand insist propose request suggest1. “The government must do something!” said the professor.The professor demanded that the
government do something about it.UNESCO insisted that the site be
repaired as it was very serious.2. “The site must be repaired-this is very serious!” said UNESCO.The Academy proposed that the
general public get involved.3. “We think it is a good idea that the general public get involved,” said the Academy.The professor requested some money.4. “Could you give us some money?” asked the professor.Someone from the Academy suggested
that a fund be started to raise money.5. “Why don’t we start a fund to raise money?” said someone from the Academy.在复合句中起状语作用的从句叫状语从句。按其意义可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、比较、目的、结果、方式等类别。不同的状语从句是由不同的连接词引导的，因此，要掌握状语从句的用法，记住连接词尤为重要。本模块我们主要复习地点、条件、让步和时间状语从句。状语从句(1) 地点状语从句。常由连词where (在…… 地方), wherever (无论……在哪里) 和anywhere (无论哪里，任何地方), everywhere (到处, 任何地方)等引导。如:
______there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 Put it ______we can all see it. 把它放在我们都看得见的地方。 Wherewhere(2) 条件状语从句。通常由连词if, unless (除非)，in case (万一，如果)，as so long as (只要)，supposing supposed (假设)，provided providing (that) (假如)，on condition that (如果)，given that(假设)等以及only if 和if only等引导。如：I won’t go to the party unless I’m invited.
除非我被邀请, 否则我不会去参加晚会的。
In case you need something, please don’t hesitate to let me know.
如果你需要什么东西, 请不客气地对我说。(3) 让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句的连词较多, 常见的有:
① 由even if even though引导, 意为“即使”。如:
He will come on time even though it rains. 即使下雨,他还是会准时来的。
Even though you do not like it, you must do it. 即使你不喜欢这工作，你也得做。② how what who which…+ ever = no matter how what who which…引导，意为“无论……”。如：
He can answer the question however hard it is. 不管问题有多难他都能回答。
No matter what Whatever you may do, do it well. 不论你做什么, 好好地做。
Whichever side wins, I shall be satisfied. 不论哪一边胜, 我都高兴。③ 由though although while as引导，意为“虽然，尽管”。如：
Though they may not succeed, they will still try. 即使他们可能不会成功，但他们仍努力尝试。Although my uncle is old, he looks very strong and healthy. 我的叔叔虽然老了, 但他看上去还是很健壮。
While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 我虽然喜欢这顶帽子的颜色, 但却不喜欢它的样式。④ whether… or… 引导的让步状语从句，意为“不管；无论”。如：
I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不论你来还是留在家中, 我都要去。
Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 不论我们帮助他与否, 他都将失败。【特别提醒】学习或复习状语从句应注意以下问题：① as though引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序。如：
Young as he is, he works hard.
他虽年轻但努力工作。Teacher as he is, he is nor capable of teaching all subjects.
虽然他是老师, 但是不能教所有的科目。
Much as I like it, I don’t want to buy it.
我很喜欢这东西，但并不想买它。用于让步状语从句 (将表语,动词或副词状语提前)形容词
名词(前无冠词) 系动词
分词 + 表让步:as(或though) +主语+ 情态动词
动词 助动词
副词 谓语动词Strange though it may seem, the tallest boy is the youngest.
=Although it may seem strange, the tallest boy is the youngest.② 在if, unless等引导的条件状语从句和某些让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。如:
If weather permit, we will go to the park tomorrow. 如果天气好的话，明天我们去公园。
Keep calm, whatever happens. 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。1. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _____ I wanted to hire a car.?????? (北京2013)
A. in case?????? ? ???????? ?B. even if ???????
C. ever since?? ? ???????? D. if only2. She says that she’ll have to close the shop _____ business improves.??? (江西2013)
A. if???? ?B. unless??? C. after????? D. when
3. You can borrow my car _____ you promise not to drive too fast.???? (江西2012)
A. unless??????? B. even if??????????
C. in case????? ? D. as long as 4. _____ our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. ??(上海2010)
A. Until????????? B. Unless????
C. If ???????? D. After
5. _____ small, the company has about
1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.
??(天津2013)
A. As?????B. If???? C. Although?? D. Once6. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _____ he wants to.? (四川2013)
A. even if??????? ?????????????
B. as if???????
C. because???? ???????
D. before7. One can always manage to do more
things, no matter _____ full one’s
schedule is in life.? (辽宁2013)
A. how?????????? B. what?? ?????? ??????
C. when???????? D. whereFinish the Exercises 1-2 on page 77. 课件26张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
Introduction “Just as there is paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.”
“上有天堂, 下有苏杭。” Have you been to Suzhou?
How much do you know about Suzhou?
Do you know what happened in Suzhou in June 2004?Look at the pictures and
answer the questions.虎 丘沧浪亭寒山寺拙政园狮子林1. What do you know about Suzhou?
Example:
Where is it?
How many people live there?
Why is it famous?Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province, near Shanghai. About six million people live there. It is famous for its classical Chinese gardens.2. Do you know what happened in Suzhou
in June 2004?The 28th World Heritage Conference took place there.Look at the words in the box and discuss the questions. beliefs buildings museums paintings poems pop stars sports teams traditions2. Which do you think are the most
important items? Give your reasons.1. Which of the items in the list are part of a country’s cultural heritage?buildings, museums, paintings, poems, traditionsCheck the meaning of the following phrases, then compare your answers with your partner.unique natural beauty:
It is a beautiful landscape which cannot be found elsewhere
a conference venue:
a place where a conference is held
preserved ancient buildings:
buildings which are protected by law and cannot be demolished changed in any wayRead the passage and find out what happened in the following years.1972:
1985:The World Heritage Committee established the World Heritage List.China signed the agreement.2003:
2004:Suzhou invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the town’s character.The 28th World Heritage Conference took place in Suzhou.1. belief
1) 相信; 信任, 信赖 [U]+ in 如：
My father hadn’t much belief in
doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
我父亲不太相信中医。2 ) 信念, 看法 [U] 如：
My belief is that the visiting team will lose. 我看客队会输。
3) 信条, 教义 [C] =religion 如：
He explained the beliefs of Taoism to us. 他向我们讲解了道教教义。
beyond belief 难以置信, 不可思议的2. divert vt. 使转向;使改道 (+from/to)
e.g. They diverted the river while they
were building the dam.
建坝时, 他们让河水改道。3. preserve vt.
1) 保存, 保藏; 防腐 (+from)
e.g. Oil preserves metal from rust.
油保护金属免于生锈。2) 保护; 维护; 维持
e.g. We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural resources.
我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。
3) 腌(肉等);把...做成蜜饯(或果酱);把...
制成罐头食品 (+in)
e.g. We preserve fish in salt.
我们用盐腌鱼。How much do you know about the world’s cultural heritage? In your opinion, what items is a country’s cultural heritage? Could you give some examples?课件12张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageListening & Vocabulary1. What is the name of the cultural heritage?
2. Where is it?
3. When was it built?
4. Finish the Exercise 1 on Page 76.Pre-listeningFinish Activity 1 on page 76.1. Listen to a tourist guide and answer the questions.1) How did the tourists get to the site?
By bus.2) What was the weather like?
Stormy.Listening3) Was the tourist guide enthusiastic about his work?
No, he wasn’t.
4) Did the tourists enjoy the visit?
Not really.2. Listen again and check the questions you hear.1) When was Stonehenge built?
About 4000 years ago.
2) Who built it?
No one is completely sure.3) Why was it built?
It was built for an important reason, but we don’t know what.
4) What did the astronomers do?
They looked at the stars.5) Where did all these stones come from?
The stones came from Wales, 400 km away.
6) What about those stones over there?
They came from 50 km away.Image you are a tourist guide at Stonehenge. Try to introduce Stonehenge to your partner.Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
I. 单元教学目标
▲Read articles about world cultural and natural heritage
▲Learn the subjunctive
▲Listen to a tourist guide
▲Learn adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
▲Write a short essay about an intangible human heritage that you know about
▲Write a paragraph about your intangible human heritage
▲Talk about the endangered languages
▲Giving a presentation about a world heritage

II. 目标语言
功
能
句
式
Expressing place, condition and concession with adverbial clauses
As long as you’ve got a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
Even though it’s the middle of July, we recommend that you take warm and waterproof clothing with you.
Can I suggest that you all bring an umbrella in case it rains？
Even if you get wet, I promise you’ll have a day to remember.
No matter what happens, you’re going to have a marvelous time.
Wherever you look, you can see part of our cultural heritage.
词
汇
1. 四会词汇
venue, preserve, agreement, invest, divert, prehistoric, remains, archaeologist, primitive, skull, item, existence, relation, limestone, span, fossil, beast, sharpen, excavation, list, evolution, exposure, weed, cement, contribute, maintain, endangered, recommend, awareness, propose, fund, assistance, precious, estimate, length, request, marvelous, imperial, tangible, intangible, delegate, monument, inhabitant, mankind, directory, bid, enlarge, discrimination,
2. 认读词汇
waterproof, astronomer, thorough, autonomy, bureaucratic, catastrophe, compromise, diplomacy, discrimination, federal, seminar, subjective, undertake, virus, practitioner, advocate, status, malaria, compromise, epic, agenda, mercy, Hispanic, journalism
3. 重点词汇
absence, advocate, agenda, assistance, beast, bid, contribute, enlarge, exposure, mercy, precious, prehistoric, recommend, remains, viewpoint
4. 短语
apart from, go through, at the mercy of, be honored for, go through, in return, of vital importance, remind so of sth, symbolic ambassador, pop stars, sports teams, unique natural beauty, a conference venue, preserved ancient buildings, as long as, even though, even if, in case, no matter, wherever
语
法
Subjunctive
They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.
We have requested that the government get involved.
They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.
My colleagues and I insist that something be done about it immediately.
A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
Adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
重
点
句
子
1. In 1972, a meeting of the World Heritage Committee agreed on a list of places in the world which had outstanding cultural importance or unique natural beauty.
2. Suzhou is one of the 29 sites and was the venue for the 28th World Heritage Conference, which took place in June 2004.
3. They came from an unknown species of man and were the first evidence of primitive human live in China thousands of years ago.
4. It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asia societies, but also has provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution.
5. Since the discovery was made in the 1920s, Zhoukoudian has become an important place for archaeologists from all over the world.
6. The site is extremely expensive to maintain and it will cost between three And five million yuan to repair it.
7. Any site which is seriously damaged or which is not properly protected is an endangered heritage, and UNESCO is very quick to do something about situations like this.
8. They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.
9. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
10. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage — it is of vital importance that we do something. If not, it will be a catastrophe.
11. Musical traditions around the world form part of the intangible heritage of mankind in the same way as monuments and natural sites.
12. The application for TCM would highlight the fact that traditional Chinese medicine is a
culture that has existed for thousands of years.
13. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s intangible cultural heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities which are in danger.
14. The Living Treasures Program originated in Santa Fe, New Mexico in the USA in 1984 and has now spread to dozens of other communities across the country.
III. 教材分析和教材重组
1．教材分析
该模块以world’s heritage为话题，重点介绍了苏州园林（classical gardens in Suzhou） 、北京周口店猿人遗址(Beijing Man Heritage Site)、英格兰的石林（stonehenge）、美国新墨西哥州的Santa Fe treasures等世界性文化遗产。旨在让学生通过该模块的学习，了解世界各地珍贵自然、文化遗产，懂得这些古代遗产的发掘和保护对人类文明发展的重要意义。同时，本模块还要求学生掌握demand, insist, propose, request, suggest等动词后从句中虚拟语气的用法；地点、条件、让步状语从句的用法；并掌握not to worry, as long as, no wonder, no one know for certain, had better等日常用语的用法。
1.1 INTRODUCTION 重点学习有关人类自然、文化遗产的基础词汇及表达法。并以classical gardens in Suzhou为例，介绍了联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产委员会苏州会议、世界文化遗产保护条例。
1.2 VOCABULARY AND READING重点介绍了the amazing caves of Zhoukoudian与Beijing Man Heritage Site in Danger，让学生了解我国在世界文化遗产保护方面所做出的贡献等背景知识。
1.3 GRAMMAR（1）重点学习demand, insist, propose, request, suggest等动词后从句中虚拟语气的用法。该部分设计了三个活动：活动1要求学生观察并总结出所供5个例句中动词的用法特点；活动2要求学生通过选择与上述5个句子意义接近的句子进一步理解这一类句式所表达的真正含义；活动3要求学生使用demand, insist, propose, request, suggest这些词汇改写句子，掌握虚拟语气在这些动词后从句中的用法。
1.4 LISTENING AND VOCABULARY以英格兰的石林（stonehenge）为例，通过听力、阅读填空、口语训练的方式让学生进一步了解世界文化遗产有关知识，扩大词汇量；并能以a tourist guide的身份谈论相关话题。21教育名师原创作品
1.5 GRAMMAR（2）AND FUNCTION重点学习地点、条件、让步状语从句的用法。该部分设计了两个活动。活动1要求学生通过选择恰当答语的形式理解上述三类从句的含义；活动2要求学生通过选词填空的方式掌握as long as, even though, even if, in case, no matter, whenever等连词的用法。
1.6 READING AND WRITING重点介绍了intangible cultural heritage (living cultural heritage) 方面的知识。并要求学生在阅读有关材料的基础上写一篇介绍自己所知的intangible cultural heritage的小短文。
1.7 EVERYDAY ENGLISH通过选择正确含义的形式学习not to worry, as long as, no wonder, no one know for certain, had better等日常用语的用法。
1.8 SPEAKING以endangered languages为话题设计了三个活动。活动1以hello为例，让学生了解世界上语种的多样性；活动2要求学生在阅读disappearing languages有关资料的基础上展开讨论；活动3要求学生继续就上述话题展开深入讨论。
1.9 READING AND PRACTICE要求学生通过阅读有关中国就traditional Chinese medicine与the mid-Autumn Festival 申请世界文化遗产保护的文章，进一步了解intangible cultural heritage方面的知识。
1.10 CULTURAL CORNER重点介绍了源于美国新墨西哥州Santa Fe的Living Treasure Program。
1.11 TASK要求学生以小组活动的形式，首先列举出中国世界文化遗产的名单，选择其中之一展开研究，搜集、整理相关图片、文字材料；然后向班内同学报告研究结果。
2．教材重组
2.1 将INTRODUCITON与练习册Reading and speaking部分设计为一节“口语课”。
2.2将VOCABULARY AND READING部分设计为一节“阅读课”.
2.3将GRAMMAR （1）和GRAMMAR（2）AND FUNCTION以及EVERYDAY ENGLISH部分整合为一节“语法课”。
2.4将LISTENING AND VOCABULARY与SPEAKING以及练习册Listening and speaking与Speaking and writing整合为一节“综合技能课(I)”。
2.5将READING AND WRITING,READING PRACTICE,CULTURAL CORNER和TASK整合为一节“综合技能课(II)”。
3．课型设计与课时分配
1st Period Speaking
2nd Period Reading
3rd Period Grammar
4th Period Integrating skills(I)
5th Period Integrating skills(II)
III. 分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals教学目标
I. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
beliefs, buildings, museums, paintings, poems, traditions, unique natural beauty, a conference venue, preserved ancient buildings【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
b. 重点句子
In 1972, a meeting of the World Heritage Committee agreed on a list of places in the world which had outstanding cultural importance or unique natural beauty.
Suzhou is one of the 29 sites and was the venue for the 28th World Heritage Conference, which took place in June 2004.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to learn about the world’s cultural heritage and the World Heritage List.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to talk about the world’s cultural heritage.
Teaching important points教学重点
How to build vocabulary related to the world’s cultural heritage.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
How to talk about the world’s cultural heritage.
Teaching methods教学方法
Discussion and speaking.
Teaching aids教具准备
A projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step I Warming up and lead-in
Talk about world heritage and UNESCO.
T: In the long process of its development, mankind has created different kinds of civilizations, which have greatly served to the progress of the human society. However, we have noticed with regret that some of the heritage sites have been totally damaged due to wars, tourism development, natural disasters, environmental pollutions, and shortage of funds and people's lack of knowledge. First answer my question: What does UNESCO stand for?2-1-c-n-j-y
S: UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
T: Good. UNESCO is an agency of the United Nations that promotes education and communication and the arts. Since its foundation in 1946, it has done a great many things including the protection of the world cultural heritage. In July 2004, the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee was held in Suzhou, China. The main themes of which were the importance of world heritage protection and the relationship between world heritage and youth. Now let’s begin with one of the world cultural heritage and the venue of the conference Suzhou. Before that, we’ll learn some words and expressions related to the topic.
Step II Discussion
Help the students learn the items in Activity 2 and 3. First ask the students to make sure they understand each word or expression and then discuss the questions.
T: Cultural heritage is an expression of the ways of living developed by a community and passed on from generation to generation, including customs, practices, places, objects, artistic expressions and values. Look at the words in the box in Activity 2 and discuss the questions below the box with your deskmate. First, which of the items in the list are parts of a country’s cultural heritage?
Discuss the questions with the students.
T: The first item, beliefs. Often we can't say where we got a certain belief from. Much of what we believe isn’t a result of scientific reasoning or experience but rather from some idea lying about in our minds. Even this doesn't account for some notions of the world which most people seem to hold. Do you think “beliefs” are part of a country’s cultural heritage?
S1: I don’t think beliefs are part of a country’s cultural heritage.
S2: I agree. Beliefs are forms of judging something to be true. To believe something is to express one’s assessment of uncertainty of something.
T: What about “buildings”?
S3: Buildings refer to any enclosed, long-lasting structures for the purpose of sheltering animals, goods or people. Most ancient buildings such as the pyramids, the Great Wall, etc are part of a country’s cultural heritage.
S4: Including some modern buildings, such as Bird Next Architecture built for 2008 Olympic in Beijing, would become part of cultural heritage in the future.
T: And what about “museums”?
S5: Museums are buildings or rooms in which antiques or other objects of historical or scientific interest are collected and exhibited. They are certainly part of a country’s cultural heritage.
S6: Quite true. Examples like the Palace Museums of China, the Royal Museum in Britain, etc.
T: Good. Paintings are made with paint on a surface. Poems are works in meter or free verse employing figurative language. They are both arts. Do you think they are part of a country’s cultural heritage?
S7: According to the definition of cultural heritage, they are certainly part of a country’s cultural heritage.
T: But do you think the following two items, “pop stars” and “sports teams” are part of a country’s cultural heritage? Why?
S8: No. Pop stars are those who are popular with audiences especially youngsters by singing popular songs or playing popular music. Sports teams are groups of players forming one side in certain sports. They are not practices handed down from the past by tradition.
T: Well, what about the last one “traditions”?
S9: Traditions are stories or customs that are memorized and passed down from generation to generation. They are part of a country’s cultural heritage.
T: Great. Among these which do you think are the most important items? Why?
S10: I think “buildings” are the most important because they can be seen or touched, and people can learn directly from them.
S11: I think “traditions” are the most important because they are passing down beliefs, legends, customs etc. usually to each generation. They are of great value.
…
Step III Reading
Talk about Suzhou with the students.
T: It has become the common responsibility of all mankind to preserve the natural and cultural wealth created by our ancestors. Moreover, people are becoming more aware of the importance of looking after these priceless treasures so that we can hand them down to later generations. Over the past few decades, people throughout the world have made efforts to various degrees to preserve their cultural and natural heritages. In 1972, a meeting of the World Heritage Committee agreed on a list of places in the world which had outstanding cultural importance or unique natural beauty. It was called the World Heritage List. 31 Chinese sites are on the list. In 2004, the 28th World Heritage Conference was hold in Suzhou. What do you know about Suzhou? First, where is it?
S1: It lies in the south of Jiangsu Province, in the middle of the Yangtze Delta; in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shores of Taihu Lake, bordering on Shanghai in the east, Zhejiang Province in the south, Taihu Lake in the west and the Yangtze River in the north.
T: How many people live there?
S2: There are 5.71 million people live there.
T: Why is it famous?
S3: Because there are many unusual classical gardens and more than a hundred preserved ancient buildings in Suzhou city.
T: What is it famous for?
S4: Suzhou is famous for its beauty, with many canals crossed by arched bridges and lovely gardens. A nine-storied pagoda there is among the tallest in China. The city has several institutions of higher learning.
S5: It is also famous for its silks since the Sung dynasty, and it is still a silk center.
T: What else do you know about Suzhou?
S6: Suzhou is also known as "Gusu city", having the fame of “Oriental Venice”. Suzhou was set up in BC 514; being a city with history of more than 2500 years, it was named Suzhou in A.D.581, Sui dynasty.
Ask the students to read the passage and answer the following questions.
Show the following.
1. What is the World Heritage List?
2. When did China sign the agreement?
3. How many Chinese sites are on the list?
4. What did the city mainly do?
T: Suzhou is famous for its beautiful gardens. As a saying goes, “Upon the heaven there is a paradise, down on earth there’re Suzhou and Hangzhou.” Suzhou is an ancient city and a tourist resort now. It was praised as the oriental Venice. Now read the short passage on page 71 and find out the answers to the above questions.
Sample answers:
1. The World Heritage List is a list of places in the world which have outstanding cultural importance or unique natural beauty.
2. China signed the agreement in 1985.
3. There are 31 Chinese sites on the list.
4. The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old town, mainly to divert water from Taihu and Yangtze River to supply the waterway system of the old towm.
Then ask the students to find out what happened in the following years. After a few minutes, ask them to show the answers.
S1: In 1972, a meeting of the World Heritage Committee agreed on a list of places in the world which had outstanding cultural importance or unique natural beauty.
S2: In 1985, China signed the agreement.
S3: In 2003, Suzhou invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old town.
S4: In 2004, the 28th World Heritage Conference was held in Suzhou.
Ask the students to check the meaning of the phrases in Activity 3.
Sample answers:
unique natural beauty: the natural and beautiful view is the only one of its type (unique: unusual, the only one of its type)
a conference venue: a place where people agree to hold a meeting (venue: place where people agree to meet)
preserved ancient buildings: these buildings were built in ancient times and they are now preserved well
Step IV Reading and speaking (Workbook: P123)
Ask the students to read the passage on page 124 and answer the questions on page 123.
T: To know more about the World Heritage List, please read the passage on page 124 and find the answers to the questions on page 123.
Sample answers to 7-2:
If UNESCO adds a monument to its list of World Heritage Sites, the numbers of tourists visiting a country may be affected as the site can become a huge tourist attraction. The World Heritage Fund will get involved in planning how the site can be protected; it also gives advice on how to raise funds.
Sample answers to 8:
1. A site goes through a nomination process before being added by the World Heritage Committee. A site can be proposed for inscription only by the country in which the property is located.
2. Yes. If a country has World Heritage Sites, the numbers of tourists visiting the country will increase. A country may also receive financial assistance from the World Heritage Fund.
3. Large numbers of tourists coming to a site can be a problem. Their money is badly needed to pay for repairs, but they also cause pollution.
Sample answers to 10:
1. The World Heritage Committee chooses the sites.
2. Archaeologists and other experts from UNESCO have recommended that more sites from Asia, Africa and the Americas be added.
3. The site has to be either cultural or natural places of great interest.
4. The World Heritage Fund will get involved in planning how the heritage can be protected and gives advice on how to raise funds.
5. The air around the Dunhuang caves is dry.
6. Thousands of tourists’ feet could damage the ancient stones and the changed air could affect the paintings.
Step V Homework
1. Ask the students to write a short passage introducing the city of Suzhou.
2. Ask the students to preview VOCABULARY AND READING.
3. Ask the students to prepare a talk about their region’s cultural heritage.
The Second Period Reading
Teaching goals教学目标
I．Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
bone, danger, discover, encourage, evidence, pollution, species, tool, evolution, sharpen, warmth 21*cnjy*com
b. 重点句子
It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asia societies, but also has provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution.
They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to talk about China’s world cultural heritage and its contribution to protecting them.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to talk about China’s world cultural heritage and its contribution to protecting them.
Teaching important points教学重点
How to talk about China’s world cultural heritage and its contribution to protecting them.
Teaching difficult points教学难点
Learn the importance of the protection of world’s cultural heritage.
Teaching methods教学方法
Reading and discussion.
Teaching aids教具准备
A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision and lead-in
Ask the students to show their work.
T: In the last period, we mainly learned about a famous city — Suzhou, also one of the world’s cultural heritage. And you were asked to write a short passage introducing the city. Now who'd like to show your work to us?
A sample version:
Suzhou, a city in eastern China’s Jiangsu Province, is considered as beautiful as the paradise. A major tourist city, it features classic gardens and elegant natural scenery.
Location: It is situated by the Taihu Lake in the southern part of Jiangsu Province, in the Yangtze River Delta. With Shanghai to its east and Zhejiang Province to its south, Suzhou has a well-developed communication network and can be easily reached from all parts of China.
Geographic Features: Of the 8,488 square kilometers of territory under the city’s jurisdiction, about 10 percent is cultivated farmland; 30 percent is hilly land, and the rest is covered by waters or low terrains. Its average altitude is 4 meters above sea level. The city is famed as the Oriental Venice because it is a water city with numerous rivers, lakes and canals, such as the Yangtze River, Yangcheng Lake, Chenghu Lake and the Grand Canal. Major hills in the area include Lingyan, Tianping, Tiger (Huqiu) and Yushan.
Population: It has a population of 5.71 million, including the various ethnic groups of Han, Hui, and Manchu, 1.05 million of the people living in urban areas.
History: It was established as a settlement in 514 B.C., known as Gusu; in 581 during the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Suzhou.
Climate: On the north edge of the subtropical zone, Suzhou has monsoon maritime climate, with mildly cold winter and humid summer. Its annual average temperature is 15.7°C.
Local Highlights: Besides classic gardens, Suzhou is also famous for Kunqu Opera and Pingtan (ballad-singing in Suzhou dialect). Among the local products, there are silk; handicrafts such as embroidery, fans, traditional Chinese musical instruments, lanterns, furniture, jade carving, silk tapestry, traditional painting pigments, New Year pictures of wood-block prints, etc; and big-gate crabs from Yangcheng Lake.
T: As a world-renowned country with an ancient civilization, China boasts a wealth of cultural relics and historical sites, such as the ten thousand-li Great Wall, the Imperial Palace in Beijing, the Dunhuang Grottoes, and the Potala Palace in Lhasa. Last period, you were asked to prepare a talk about your region's cultural heritage. Now who'd like to give a talk to us?
A sample talk:
Shanxi is one of the birth places of Chinese civilizations with a long history and traditional culture. as early as one hundred million years ago, the ancesotrs of the Chinese lived in this region. Legend tells us that the Yellow Emperor, founder of the Chinese nation, once lived in Shanxi for a certain period. Today, many Neolithic sites from that period can still be seen across the province.
Most of the ancient structures in Shanxi were built before the Liao and Song Dynasties. so it is the reason why Shanxi is often called the “Chinese Ancient Architecture Museum”, including the Buddhist wonder of the Yungang Grottoes in Datong City, the ancient city of Pingyao which was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO IN 1997, the oldest and tallest ancient wooden pagoda in China, the Wooden Pagoda of Yingxian County and the remote Shuanglin and Jinci Temples, which are well worth the protection. Of course, there are a number of natural magnificent and beautiful places that can also be seen in Shanxi. The most famous of them include Wutai Mountain with the longest and most prestigious history in the four most well-known Buddhist holy lands of China, the whistling rage of the Yellow River’s Kettle Spout waterfalls (Hukou Waterfalls) and one of the Five Sacred Mountains in China — Mt Hengshan.
T: Excellent. Today we are going to learn about another Chinese Cultural Heritage — Zhoukoudian caves.
Step II Reading
Skimming
Ask the students to read the passage and do Activities 1 and 2.
T: In December 1929, a Chinese paleanthropologist named Pei Wenzhong discovered a complete skull of “Peking Man” on Dragon Bone Hill northwest of Zhoukoudian, in the southwest suburbs of Beijing. Later, archaeologists unearthed 40-odd individually fossilized skeletons of “Peking Man”, male, female, old and young, all at the same site. Zhoukoudian, therefore, became the most common site for human remains with the most abundant fossils in the world from the same period. The discovery pushed the history of Beijing’s civilization back to some 600,000 years. These fossilized remains prove that “Peking Man” was primitive man in an evolutionary process from ancient ape to modern man, and is the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Now please read the first part of the article and try to finish Activity 1.
After a few minutes, ask some students to answer the questions orally.
T: What was the first thing that was found at Zhoukoudian?
S1: Some prehistoric human bones.
T: What was the number of items that were eventually found?
S2: Almost 200 items, including six skulls and more than 150 teeth.
T: What was the number of places where Beijing Man lived?
S3: Four.
T: What was the percentage of people who lived to the age of 50?
S4: Fewer than 5% lived to the age of 50.
T: What was the reason why work on the site stopped?
S5: Because of the Japanese invasion.
T: When did the site become a world heritage site？
S6: In December 1987.
T: The Zhoukoudian Caves were one of the first batches of sites listed in the World Cultural Heritage List of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizagtion (UNESCO). However, if nothing is done to maintain the site, it may be taken off the list. The Chinese Academy of Science is attempting to raise awareness of the damage, in the hope that the general public will lend a hand to protect the site. Now please read the second part of the article and try to finish Activity 2.
After a few minutes.
T: Today, Zhoukoudian is in serious danger. It is under destruction. What are the two natural causes of the destruction of the caves?
S1: Rain and exposure to the air.
T: What is the origin of pollution that is affecting the caves?
S2: The origin of pollution is from nearby cement factories.
T: What are the two demands from the UNESCO?
S3: If the site is endangered, the UNESCO recommended the site be closed and repaired.
T: What are the two possible groups of people who can help to repair the caves?
S4: The general public and the government.
Scanning
Ask the students to read the passage again and get the main idea of the passage.
T: Next please read the passage again and try to get the main idea of each part of the passage.
Show the following.
Part 1 A general introduction of Zhoukoudian
Para 1 The location of Zhoukoudian and the reason why it became famous
Para 2 Further discoveries in Zhoukoudian
Para 3 Where Beijing Man lived
Para 4 Evidence found: life span; fire using; excavations【版权所有：21教育】
Para 5 The importance of the relics
Part 2 An endangered Beijing Man heritage site
Para 1 The importance of Zhoukoudian
Para 2 Causes of the destrucion
Para 3 UN demands
Para 4 How to protect the site
Ask the students to finish the following form. Show the form.
1920 prehistoric human bones discovered
1929 a complete skull was discovered
1937 Japan invaded China and excavations at the site stopped
1949 the work started again and Zhoukoudian became an important tourist attraction
1987 Zhoukoudian was listed as a world heritage site
Step III Post-reading
Ask the students to finish Activities 3 to 5. Then check the answers.
Ask the students to finish Activity 6 and answer the questions.
T: How can the general public give their assistance?
S1: The general public can give their assistance by contributing to the cost of repairing the caves.
T: Apart from providing warmth, what was fire used for?
S2: It was used for providing lights, protection from wild animals and cooking food.
T: Is there any way that we can avoid the catastrophe of the closing of the site?
S3: We can keep repairing the caves and prevent the site from pollution.
T: Did Beijing Man sharpen stones and bones to make tools?
S4: Yes.
T: What do the remains tell us about the evolution of the human race?
S5: From the sharpened tools and ashes, we know that Beijing Man used tools and fire, which helped them evolute greatly.
T: What else do you know about primitive societies like Beijing Man?
S6: In the primitive societies, there were no classes. Men and women worked cooperatively. They wore clothes made by tree barks or leaves and ate animal meat.
T: Would you recommend that tourists visit the site? Why?
S7: Yes. By allowing tourists visit the site, they can learn more about the ancient civilization, and on the hand, they can also learn to evaluate and protect the heritage.
Ask the students to answer the questions in Activity 7.
Sample answers:
1. We have learned about the location of the caves, the human remains, and estimated time they lived, problems at the site, etc.
2. Because they have changed China's knowledge of its history and were the first evidence of primitive human life in China thousands of yeas ago.
3. Zhoukoudian is the place where Beijing Man lived thousands of years ago.
4. Parts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air. Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds, causing serious damage. Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem.
5. The site is a precious part of our cultural heritage, it is of vital importance to repair the site because they have not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies, but also have provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution.
Step IV Summary and homework
T: The passage is actually recording of some facts about Zhoukoudian. Now think what we can learn from the passage?
S: All the cultural heritages are of great value and importance and are the results of hardworking of our ancestors. And it is not easy for archaeologists to excavate research and protect these precious heritage. As a young generation, we should learn from these ancient civilizations, and try our best to do something to protect them from destroying. If not, it will be a catastrophe.
T: Good. Not only should we take good care of them but hand them down from generation to generation. Today’s homework:
1. Finish the activities 4-6 on pages 122 and 123.
2. Preview GRAMMAR AND FUNCTION.
The Third Period Grammar
Teaching goals教学目标
1．Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
demand, insist, propose, request, suggest, as long as, even though, even if, in case, no matter, wherever21世纪教育网版权所有
b. 语法
Subjunctive
Adverbials of place, condition and concession
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to learn to use the subjunctive and adverbials of place, condition and concession.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to use the subjunctive and adverbials of place, condition and concession.
Teaching important& difficult points教学重难点
How to use the subjunctive and adverbials of place, condition and concession.
Teaching methods教学方法
Explanation and discussion.
Teaching aids教具准备
A projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision and lead-in
Ask the students to put the following sentences into English.21·世纪*教育网
1. 他们建议将遗址关闭并进行修复。
2. 我们要求政府参与。
3. 学院的一名教授建议建立基金会筹措资金。
4. 他们建议鼓励公众帮助解决该问题。
5. 我和同事们竭力主张立刻采取措施。
Sample answers: (See Activity 1 on page 75. Different sentences are encouraged.)
Then review the concept of subjunctive mood and its basic usage.
T: We know that a verb is in the subjunctive mood when it expresses a condition which is doubtful or not factual. Do you know when the subjunctive mood is used?
S1: It is most often found in a clause beginning with the word if.
S2: It is also found in clauses following a verb that expresses a doubt, a wish, regret, request, demand, or proposal.
T: Good. Today we'll learn subjunctives of these verbs. These are verbs typically followed by clauses that take the subjunctive.
Show the following.
ask, demand, determine, insist, move, order, pray,
prefer, recommend, regret, request, require, suggest
Step II Grammar (1): Subjunctive
Ask the students to read the sentences and answer the questions in Activity 1 on page 75.
T: Read the sentences aloud and then answer the questions followed. First, what is unusual about the verbs?
S1: All the verbs in bold type are in their basic forms and are all in the clauses after verbs like, recommend, request, propose, suggest, insist.
T: Can you think of other ways of expressing the ideas in these sentences?
S2: Yes. For sentence 1, I can express like this: They recommended, “You had better close the site and repair it.”
S3: For sentence 2: We requested, “The government should get involved.”
S4: For sentence 3: A professor at the Academy proposed, “A fund should be established to raise money.”www-2-1-cnjy-com
S5: For sentence 4: They suggested, “The general public should be encouraged to help with the problem.”
S6: For sentence 5: My colleagues and I insisted, “Something must be done about it immediately.”
Then ask the students to choose the sentences which are closer in meaning to those in Activity 1.
T: Now please read the sentences in Activity 2 and choose the ones which are closer in meaning to those in Activity 1 and check you way of expressing the idea.
After a few minutes, check the answers with the class.
Then show the following.
主语 + recommend / demand / insist / propose / request / suggest + that clause <主语 + (should) +动词原形 + 其它>
Examples:
1. I suggested that we start the meeting at once.
2. The doctor suggested that he try to lose his weight.
3. He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means.
4. He insisted that we tell him the news.
5. He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
Ask the students to read the above sentences repeatedly, and then do Activity 3 on page 75.
Practice: Exercises 1-2 on page 121.
Step III Grammar (2): Adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
Ask the students to do Activity 1 on page 77.
T: Adverbial clauses are dependent clauses used to modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs, or entire phrases or clauses. They are introduced by subordinating conjunctions. As introductory elements, they may begin a sentence; they may also be placed in the middle or at the end of a sentence. Now please look at the sentences on page 77 and choose the correct answers.
Check the answers with the students and then make some explanations about the adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession.
Explanation:
1. Adverbial clauses of condition
(1) If If clauses express the conditions necessary for the result. If clauses are followed by expected results based on the condition.
If we win, we'll go to Kelly's to celebrate!
She would buy a house, if she had enough money.
(2) Even if Sentences with 'even if' show a result that is unexpected based on the condition in the ‘even if’ clause.
Even if she saves a lot, she won’t be able to afford that house.
Even if she studies hard, she won’t pass the exam.
Even if I had time, I wouldn't do it.
* Note: even if and even though
Even though means despite the fact that and is a more emphatic version of though and although.
Even if means whether or not and has to do with the conditions that may apply.
Compare:
1. Even if I had two hours to spare for shopping, I wouldn’t go out and buy a suit.
2. Even though I had two hours to spare for shopping, I couldn't find the suit I wanted.
The first example describes an unreal situation where we could substitute ‘just supposing’ for even if and say: just supposing I had two hours to spare for shopping, I still wouldn’t go out and buy a suit.
The second example describes a real situation where the shopper spent two hours looking for a particular kind of suit, but couldn't find it. When we attach even to though in this way, we are in effect saying: you may find this surprising but ...!
More examples:
Even though he lost his job as Arts Minister, he continued to serve in the government.
Even if he loses his job as Arts Minister, I think he'll continue to serve in the government.
Even though the injury was serious, she decided to carry on playing. It was an important match.
I know she'll want to carry on playing, even if she gets injured. It's an important match.
Even though I've cleaned it and polished it, it still doesn't look new.
Even if I clean and polish it, it still won't look new.
(3) “In case” usually means that you don't expect something to happen. We use “in case” to talk about taking precautions, doing something because something else might happen:
During the drought, keep the bath filled with water — just in case it is needed.
I've bought some candles in case there are more electricity cuts.
In case I forget, remind me to check the tire pressure before we load up the car.
(4) “as long as” means if and only if. “So long as” is also possible in this context.
I don't mind. You can leave early, as long as you finish the work.
I don't mind. You can go home early, so long as you finish the work.
2. Adverbial clauses of concession
T: This type of clauses show an unexpected or non self-evident result based on the dependent clause. We often use even though, though, although to introduce the clause.
Even though it was expensive, he bought the car.
Though he loves doughnuts, he has given them up for his diet.
Although he course was difficult, he passed with the highest marks.
3. Adverbial clauses of place
T: This type of clauses is introduced by where and wherever. For example,
　Where I live there are plenty of trees.
　Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
Ask the students to finish Activity 2 on page 77 and Activity 3 on page 121.
Check the answers with the class.
Step IV Homework
1. Ask the students to read the passage in Activity 2 repeatedly.
2. Ask the student to finish the exercises in EVERYDAY ENGLISH.
The Fourth Period Integrating skills (I)
Teaching goals教学目标
I．Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
amazing, astronomer, bury, site, steep, weigh, wonderful, not to worry, as long as, no wonder, no one know for certain, had better
b. 重点句子
Not to worry.
As long as you’ve got a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
No matter what happens, you’ll have a great time.
You’ll have a day to remember.
No one knows for certain.
We’d better get back into the bus now.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to listen and talk about the world cultural heritage.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to listen and talk about the world cultural heritage.
Teaching important points教学重点
Listen and talk about the world cultural heritage.
Teaching important points教学难点
How to talk about the intangible human heritage, especially endangered languages.
Teaching methods教学方法
Listening and speaking.
Teaching aids教具准备
A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Check the homework by asking some students to read the completed passage on page 77.
Then ask them to explain the meaning of the expressions in EVERYDAY ENGLISH and make sentences with them. 21·cn·jy·com
Sample answers:
1. Not to worry （There is nothing to worry about; there is no need to be concerned 没什么可担心的；没必要着急的）
But not to worry: it all … falls into place in the book's second half, where the language is plainer.
但别担心：它全都在书的后半部分，那儿的语言浅显一些。
2. As long as (since; on the condition that既然；只要)
As long as you’ve offered, I accept.
I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time.
3. No matte what (regardless of不论)
Yet there isn’t a train I wouldn’t take, no matter where it’s going.
No matter what happens, we'll meet here tonight.
4. a day to remember (a day you won’t forget不能忘却的日子)
Today is the first day you enter the college. You'll have a day to remember.
5. No one knows for certain (no one is sure about that没有人确信)
No one knows for certain whether there would be a war.
6. We’d better get back into the bus now.
Since it is raining so hard, we'd better get back into the bus now.
Step II Listening
Ask the students to do Activity 1 on page 76.
T: Stonehenge is probably the most important prehistoric monument in the whole of Britain and has attracted visitors from earliest times. It stands as a timeless monument to the people who built it. Now please complete the passage with the correct form of the given words.
After a few minutes, ask the students to read the completed passage.
Then ask the students to listen to the recording and answer the questions in Activities 2 and 3. Ask the students to answer the questions orally.
Step III Groupwork
Ask the students to work in groups and make a dialogue between a tourist guide and tourists.
A sample dialogue:
(T=Tourists; G=Guide)
T: Stonehenge is surely Britain’s greatest national icon. When was it built?
G: It was built 4,000 years ago.
T: Who built it?
G: I can only tell you that it was the people in the Neolithic period built it.
T: Why was it built?
G: Its original purpose is unclear to us, but some have thought that it was a temple made for the worship of ancient gods. It has been called an astronomical observatory for marking significant events on the prehistoric calendar. Others claim that it was a sacred site for the burial of high-ranking citizens from the societies of long ago.
T: What did the astronomers do?
G: They clocked the time and predicted the seasons.
T: Where did all these stones come from?
G: Some of the stones were brought from a long way away. The stones used in that first circle are believed to be from the Prescelly Mountains, located roughly 240 miles away, at the southwestern tip of Wales. The bluestones weigh up to 4 tons each and about 80 stones were used in all.
T: What about those stones over there?
G: Many of the original stones have fallen or been removed by previous generations for home construction or road repair. There has been serious damage to some of the smaller bluestones resulting from close visitor contact (prohibited since 1978) and the prehistoric carvings on the larger sarsen stones show signs of significant wear.
T: The construction of Stonehenge was really amazing!www.21-cn-jy.com
Step IV Speaking
Ask the students to read the words for hello and guess which languages they are.
Sample answers:
hello — English
Bonjour — French
Buenos Dias — Spanish
Guten Tag — German
Buon Giorno — Italian
Aloha — Hawaiian
God dag — Danish
Merhaba — Ethopia
Bom dia — Guinea-Bissau
Buon giorno — Italian
Salamat Pagi — Indonesia
Bore Da — Welsh
Szia —
Ask the students to read the information and discuss the questions in Activities 2 and 3 in pairs.
T: An endangered language is a language headed for extinction. It is a language without monolingual speakers, people who speak only that language. It is a language spoken by a minority of people in the nation and for that reason is held in low esteem, causing its speakers to avoid using it or passing it on to their children. Many languages today have only one remaining speaker, an older person who will take that language with him or her to the grave. The situation is serious. Now read the information about disappearing languages and discuss the questions in Activities 2 and 3 in pairs.
Sample answers to the questions in Activity 2:
1. Languages are disappearing at a fast rate because there is one in every two weeks disappearing permanently. 21cnjy.com
2. 6,00 languages appear on the Internet.
3. Not all languages are written down.
4. Papua New Guinea has the most languages.
Sample answers to the questions in Activity 3:
1. Because most of the languages can not be used widely.
2. Yes. Because language is the most efficient means of transmitting a culture, and it is the owners of that culture that lose the most when a language dies. While a community may not lose its sense of identity when it loses its language, identity is closely associated with language. All peoples identify their culture as closely with their languages as with their religion. What we talk about, think, and believe is closely bound up with the words we have, so the history of a culture can be mapped in its language.
3. It can be done by supporting the use of endangered languages in all contexts: at home, in education, in the media, and in social, cultural and economic life; by raising awareness of endangered languages through all channels and media, etc.
4. Yes. If parents are no longer teaching the language to their children and are not using it actively in everyday matters, it will soon disappear.
5. Yes. Besides doing something to prevent the language from dying, to learn a language which is spoken by very few people can also help recognize people's identity and culture and help research how the human mind works.
Step V Speaking and writing
Ask the students to discuss the statements and the questions on page 126.
T: No one knows exactly how many languages exist in the world today but best estimates place the figure around 6800. Roughly 1,000 are spoken in the Americas (15%), 2,400 in Africa (35%), 200 in Europe (3%), 2,000 in Asia (28%) and, perhaps, 1,200 in the Pacific (19%). Keep in mind that only about a quarter of the languages and few dialects have writing systems and not all languages have even been “discovered” by Western linguistics. Most linguists, however, agree that half of the world’s languages are endangered; many fear that 90% will disappear by the end of this century. The important points to keep in mind are these: (1) large numbers of languages, probably the majority, are in danger of extinction and (2) many more have not yet been described in grammars and dictionaries. Now work in pairs and discuss the statements and the questions that follow.
A sample dialogue:
S1: There are about 6,000 or more languages in the world, but about half of them are disappearing or has disappeared. Just as the statement goes “There are 51 endangered languages today, with only one speaker.” Why do you think some languages die out?
S2: I think it’s because they are not useful in the society, an endangered language is not passed on by parents to their children. Speaking the majority language better equips children for success in the majority culture than speaking a less prestigious language. Some governments actively discourage minority language use. For example, it was illegal to speak Macedonian or sing Macedonian songs in Greece.
S1: One of the reasons is wars. Some of the minorities and their languages could be both killed in the war.
S2: Do you agree with the statement “We need to try to keep ‘dying’ languages alive” or disagree? Why or why not?
S1: Language is the most efficient means of transmitting a culture, and it is the owners of that culture that lose the most when a language dies. Every culture has adapted to unique environment, and the language expresses that environment. And identity is closely related to language. All peoples identify their culture as closely with their languages as with their religion. What we talk about, think, and believe is closely bound up with the words we have, so the history of a culture can be mapped in its language. So I agree with the statement.
S1: You are right. The loss of languages that we face today will greatly restrict how much we can learn about human cognition, language, and language acquisition at a time when the achievements in these areas have been greater than ever before.
Ask the students to read the information and the notes in the table and compare their ideas and then write a report about minority languages.
A sample report:
A minority language is a language that — considering the world at large — (1) spoken by a relatively small number of people, and (2) not the main or official language of a nation state. It is estimated that every week, the last speaker of some small language in the world dies. The language, of course, with its culture and history dies with the speaker. Historically, languages have died out due to invasion and conquest and, more recently, extreme social and economic pressure from larger, overbearing languages and cultures.
In order to survive, these languages need to (1) find new words to describe new technology and keep changing; (2) be used by younger people and the government; (3) appear in the media, music, computer games and on TV; (4) be written down.
As we know, language is the most efficient means of transmitting a culture and it is the owners of that culture that lose the most when a language dies. Every culture has adapted to unique environment, and the language expresses that environment.
And identity is closely related to language. All peoples identify their culture as closely with their languages as with their religion. What we talk about, think, and believe is closely bound up with the words we have, so the history of a culture can be mapped in its language. So languages like Nushu should be kept alive.
In my view the best thing that can be done is to give training to native speakers of the minority languages, since native speakers tend to do the best job of description, and being members of the culture themselves, are less likely to have ulterior motives. They will also be able to carry out long term work.
Step VI Homework
1. Ask the students to listen to the recording and do the exercises in Listening and speaking on page 125 in the workbook.
2. Ask the students to write a short passage according to the following information.
Many of the world’s languages and culture are dying out. Give possible reasons and your recommendations.
The Fifth Period Integrating skills (II)
Teaching goals教学目标
I．Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
absence, advocate, agenda, assistance, beast, bid, contribute, enlarge, exposure, mercy, precious, prehistoric, recommend, remains, viewpoint, at the mercy of, be honored for, go through, in return, of vital importance, remind sb of sth, symbolic ambassador
b. 重点句子
The application for TCM would highlight the fact that traditional Chinese medicine is a culture that has existed for thousands of years.
UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s intangible cultural heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities which are in danger.
The Living Treasures Program originated in Santa Fe, New Mexico in the USA in 1984 and has now spread to dozens of other communities across the country.
2. Ability goals能力目标
Enable students to talk about world’s intangible cultural heritage.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to talk about world’s intangible cultural heritage.
Teaching important points教学重难点
How to talk about world’s intangible cultural heritage.
Teaching methods教学方法
Reading and discussion.
Teaching aids教具准备
A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
Step I Revision
Ask some students to show their work to the class.
T: Last period, you were asked to write a short passage about how to protect the endangered languages. Have you finished? Who'd like to show your writing?
A sample version:
Nowadays, international communication has become more and more important, people prefer to communicate in languages, such as English, Arabic and Chinese. But many of the world’s languages and culture are dying out. In this essay we will examine the problem of languages and culture dying and the solutions, such as writing books and increasing language population levels.
Firstly, as the technology improves, people around the world are relying more and more on electronic devices to communicate with each other. While this trend is helping the major culture, it is having a harmful effect on the minor culture that could be swallowed up by the major culture.
Secondly, some of the world’s languages are not being learned widely by children or used in daily commerce. In some boarding schools, children were punished for speaking their parent’s language.
Despite the desires of language and culture activists, the outlook is somewhat grim. People already realize this problem exists and are trying to solve it.
For one solution, people can record the culture and languages on books or tapes, making sure our descendants can learn or use them in the future.
The second solution is increasing the language population levels. Governments can make some policies, like encouragement for people to learn and teach the languages facing extinction, no matter whether the language is used in daily commerce or not. By trying to keep them alive, at least they have a future as second languages.
The important thing is to learn the elder’s tongue and culture before it’s too late. Otherwise we will lose them.
Step II Reading and writing
Ask the students to read the passage on page 78 and answer the questions.
T: Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration. It can be divided into two groups: tangible and intangible. Now please read the passage on page 78 and answer the questions in Activity 1.
After a few minutes, ask some students to answer the questions orally.
Sample answers:
1. Tangible cultural heritage are things one can see and touch. Intangible cultural heritage, which is also called living cultural heritage, are things one cannot see or touch, including oral heritage, living human treasures, endangered languages, traditional music of the world.
2. Examples of oral heritage: the Art of Chinese Xinjiang Uyghur Muqam the Pastoral Song of the Mongolian ethnic group.21教育网
3. Living human treasures are those who have the knowledge and skills required for the cultural traditions of their society.
4. The small number of people and being not taught to new inhabitants of the region make a language endangered. 2·1·c·n·j·y
5. An example of traditional music that is thought to be part of an intangible cultural heritage: Kunqu opera in Kunshan, near Suzhou.
Ask the students to look at the China’s cultural heritage on page 81 and tell from intangible and tangible heritage.
T: Now please look at the list of China's cultural heritage in the box in Activity 1. Tell which items are examples of tangible cultural heritage and which ones are intangible?
Sample answers:
Tangible: the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Mogao Caves at Dunhuang, the Qin Terracotta, Warriors and Horses, Confucius Temple at Qufu
Intangible: Kunqu Opera, Chen-style Tai Chi, Guqin Musis, Shaolin kung fu
Ask the students to write a short essay about an intangible human heritage that they know about.
T: UNESCO started listing masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 1998, with a view to saving, maintaining and protecting endangered and declining cultural heritage. What intangible human heritage do you know? Now look at Activity 2 and think about one of them and try to write a short essay about it.
Sample notes:
(a) Kunqu Opera
(b) Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan in east China’s Jiangsu province over 600 years ago.
(c) Kunqu Opera is one of the few masterpieces to be honored as “masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage of human beings.” After generations of development, it has established a complete system of acting as well as its own distinct tunes, which had significant influence on other traditional Chinese operatic forms, including Beijing Opera. It is therefore dubbed the “mother of traditional Chinese operas.”
A sample essay:
Kunqu Opera
Kunqu Opera, with more than 400 years of history, is known as “the mother of Chinese operas.” Kunqu Opera began its history during the Ming Dynasty, in Kunshan, a place near Suzhou in east Jiangsu Province. It became the most popular opera of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, a period of dominance which lasted for more than 200 years. As a result, nearly all old traditional forms of opera in China have been influenced by Kunqu Opera. In 2001, it was proclaimed by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. It is our mission to make efforts in inheriting and protecting this tradition, and making it better known to more people.
Step III Reading practice
Ask the students to read the passage on page 81.
T: To honor examples of intangible cultural heritage, UNESCO in 1998 created an international program, the Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Till now, 47 forms of art, music and oral tradition have been proclaimed by UNESCO as masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage, including a Chinese form of opera called Kun Qu, and the playing of the guqin. Applying for intangible cultural heritage status has been a goal of the Chinese government for several years. In 2001, the Chinese Commission for UNESCO, a component of China’s Ministry of Education, included traditional Chinese medicine as part of a five-year plan on cultural heritage. Now read the passage on page 81 quickly and find out the answers to the questions in Activity 2.
Sample answers:
1. Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Mid-Autumn Festival will be included in a bid to the UNESCO list.
2. Other examples of China's intangible cultural heritag are: the ancient art of Shaolin Kung fu, the world’s longest epic poem of Tibetan King Gesser, and Chen-style Tai Chi.
Ask the students to read the passage again and finish Activities 3-5. Check the answers with the class.
Then ask the students to work in groups and do Activity 6.
A sample list:
Sample cultural heritage in Xi'an to be added to the UNESCO list:
Xi'an has 72 sights, including temples, towers, mosques, tombs, summits, villages, and museums.
Xian City Walls — Chengqiang The rectangular wall around Xian City was built during the Ming dynasty.
This is one of the very few city walls in China that are still standing.
The Qin Terracotta, Warriors and Horse
The 2,000 year-old life-size terracotta warrior figures is not only one of China’s great historical discoveries, but also one of the world's most precious archeological findings. The extraordinary detail of the original clothing and weapons of the times on these warriors make these figures archeological gems.
Banpo Neolithic Village
Discovered in 1953, this popular Banpo village is divided into 3 sections that exhibit the history and lifestyle of the Yangshao culture. The 1st section of village is the pottery-making area where visitors can find artifacts and numerous pottery kilns. The 2nd section is the residential area that has numerous houses and other buildings. The 3rd and last section is the cemetery where the people of the village are buried along with clay pots.
Huaqing Pool
Located approximately 25km from Xian is this ancient hot springs that include more than 60 pools of water and were popular among emperors of the Tang dynasty. Today, Visitors can also check out the Taoist temple, the museum, the lovely gardens, or take a cable car ride up to Li Shan, where ancient towers from the Han dynasty still stand.
Bell & Drum Towers
The bell tower is named after the huge iron bell that indicates the time each day. Located at the center of the city, the tower was built during the Qing dynasty of the 1700s. The tower also hosts musical concerts inside. The drum tower is smaller than the bell tower and is located in the Muslim section of Xian.
Great Mosque
The Great Mosque is where the local Muslims come to worship and pray. Only Muslims are admitted to the main prayer hall, and only the plaza is open to visitors. This mosque is one of the largest in China with fine architecture and gardens.
Eight Immortals Temple
The Eight Immortals (Lan Kai He, He Xiangsu, Zhang Guo, Lu Dongbin, Han Xiang, Han Zhongli, Li Xuan, Kao Guojiu) are Chinese folkloric heroes of Taoist myth that have influenced and inspired numerous stories and the arts. Baxian An was named after these popular characters and is the largest place of Taoist worship, attracting people from all over China. The temple is famous for the beautiful murals around the courtyard depicting legendary Taoist events. 　　21*cnjy*com
Big Goose Pagoda
This Buddhist temple from the Qing dynasty is located on the southern end of Xian. It was originally built during the Tang dynasty, but over history has gone through many renovations, to the final remaining temple that stands today. Visitors can enjoy a great view of the city from the top of the temple and visit the Tang Dynasty Arts Museum.
Step IV Cultural corner
Ask the students to read the passage on page 83 and answer the questions.
Sample answers:
1. The Living Treasures Program honors three older New Mexicans twice a year. They are asked to give a long interview — an oral history — which is taped and preserved at the Santa Fe Public Library. A photographer takes photos and displays at the library. Then there is a ceremony to which the whole town is invited. Everyone meets at the Museum of International Folk Art.
Friends and neighbors of the living treasures tell stories. Then the living treasures give a speech.
2. Yes. It’s a good idea to set up such a program.
3. Yes. For example, Chinese built temples for Confucius and hand down his thoughts and ideas from generation to generation.
Step V TASK
Ask the students to make a list of the World Heritage Sites in China.
T: There are now 31 Chinese sites on the World Heritage List. The only countries in the world with more world heritage sites than China are Italy and Spain. What do you know about China World Cultural Heritage? Now work in groups and make a list or the Sites.
A sample list:
1987 Beijing The Great Wall
1987 Beijing Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
1987 Beijing Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian
1987 Xian Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor
1987 Shandong Mount Taishan (Dai Temple)
1987 Dunhuang Mogao Caves
1990 Anhui Mount Huangshan
1992 Chengdu Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
1992 Chengdu Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area
1992 Zhangjiajie Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area
1994 Chengde Mountain Resort and its outlying Temples, Chengde
1994 Shandong Temple and Cemetery of Confucius, and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu
1994 Hubei Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains
1994, 2000, 2001 Tibet Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa
1996 Jiangxi Lushan National Park
1996 Sichuan Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha
1997 Yunnan Old Town of Lijiang
1997 Shanxi Ancient City of Ping Yao
1997, 2000 Jiangsu Classical Gardens of Suzhou
1998 Beijing Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing
1998 Beijing Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing
1999 Fujian Mount Wuyi
1999 Chongqing Dazu Rock Carvings
2000 Chengdu Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System
2000 Huangshan Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui — Xidi and Hongcun
2000 Luoyang Longmen Grottoes
2000 Beijing Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
2001 Datong Yungang Grottoes
2003 Yunnan Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas 【出处：21教育名师】
2004 Liaoning and Jilin Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom
Then ask the students to choose the heritage site they want to make a case study of and find photos and other information
Sample case 1: The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China, also known in China as the Great Wall of 10,000, is an ancient Chinese fortification built from the end of the 14th century until the beginning of the 17th century, during the Ming Dynasty, in order to protect China from raids by the Mongols and Turkic tribes. It was preceded by several walls built since the 3rd century BC against the raids of nomadic tribes coming from areas now in modern day Mongolia and Manchuria. The Wall stretches over a formidable 6,350 km (3,946 miles), from Shanhai Pass on the Bohai Gulf in the east, at the limit between China proper and Manchuria, to Lop Nur in the southeastern portion of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
The first major wall was built during the reign of the First Emperor, the main emperor of the short-lived Qin dynasty. This wall was not constructed as a single endeavor, but rather was created by the joining of several regional walls built by the Warring Module 6语法
㈠虚拟语气
在suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, recommend 等动词后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气。www.21-cn-jy.com
I suggest we (should) set off tomorrow morning.
我建议咱们明天早上就出发。
He insisted that we should take up the matter at the meeting.
他坚持我们在会上谈这个问题。
The commander ordered that all civilians (should) be withdrawn immediately. 司令官命令撤退所有的平民。 2·1·c·n·j·y
注：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
His expression suggested he was very angry.
insist 作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时,不用虚拟语气。例如:
All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he was badly wounded and that he (should) be operated on at once. www-2-1-cnjy-com
在it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed, it is necessary, it is important等结构后的主语从句,用虚拟语气。21·世纪*教育网
It is important that we (should) study both Chinese and English well when we are young.
年轻时学好汉语和英语对我们来说很重要。
It is requested that every teacher in our class should give a performance at the party. 我们班级的每一位老师都得在晚会上表演节目。
It was ordered that all the work (should ) be finished with two weeks.
所有工作必须在两周内完成。
在suggestion, proposal, order. plan, motion, recommendations 等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句, 用虚拟语气。
At the meeting, only Mr Li supported my motion that we (should) set up a special board to examine the problem.
会议上, 只有李先生支持我组建一个特别委员会来研究这个问题。
The suggestion that senior students (should) have classes at weekends was turned down. 关于高中学生周末上课的建议被拒绝了。
My idea is that we (should) have a picnic in the coming weekend.
我的意见是在周末来一次野炊。
wish 后的宾语从句。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去时; 表示过去未能实现的愿望, 从句的谓语用had + 过去分词; 表示将来不太实现的愿望, 从句的谓语用would +动词原形。
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
我真希望知道这个问题的答案。(事实上不知道)
I wish I had not wasted so much time.
我真希望没有浪费这么多的时间。(事实上已经浪费了)
I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
但愿你明天和我们一起去。(你去的可能性也不大)。
if only 后的句子
表示现在没有实现的愿望, 动词用过去时; 表示过去没有实现的愿望,动词用had +过去分词; 表示与将来事实相反的假设, 谓语动词使用would+动词原形,could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是…就好了。” 如: If only I could learn English well in one day.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
要是能在一天内把英语学习好就好了。(事实上做不到)
If only I had not been late for the interview.
要是我面试没迟到就好了。(事实上迟到了)
If only Simon would reply to my letter.
要是西蒙能给我回信就好了。(事实上不会回信)
would rather 后的从句
表示现在的愿望,动词用过去时; 表示过去的愿望,动词用had +过去分词。
I would rather she were not present.
我宁可她不在场。(事实上她在场)
I would rather he had told me the truth.
我宁可他告诉我事实真相。(事实上他没有告诉我真相.)
It is (about/high) time 后的定语从句
表示该做某事而没有做,从句的谓语用过去时。
It is time that we went home.
我们该回家了(实际没走)。
It is high time that you went to bed.
你早该睡觉了。
㈡ 状语从句
地点状语从句
1) 此类状语从句通常有从属连词where, wherever 引导。从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。如:21教育网
I found the books where I left them.
Make a mark where you have any questions.
Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.
2) 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件的意味。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever there is a smoke, there is fire.
3) Where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别:
where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词,而在定语从句中, where作为关系副词要根在表示地点的先行词后面。2-1-c-n-j-y
Go back where you came from.(状语从句)
Go back to the village where you came from. (定语从句)21教育名师原创作品
条件状语从句
引导此类从句的从属连词有: if , unless, so(as) long as,(只要) in case, on condition that, supposing that/suppose that (假设) provided that/ providing that (倘若)等。 一般情况下,当主句时将来时的时候, 从句要用一般现在时。如:
Do not come unless I call you.
Do not come if I do not call you.
注意: 引导的从句中的谓语动词只能是肯定式, unless且不能引导虚拟语气条件句。
I will lend it to you as/so long as handle it with care.21世纪教育网版权所有
In case there is a fire, what will you do first?
You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.
I’ll go swimming providing/provided my wages are paid.21cnjy.com
Suppose/Supposing that we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?
让步状语从句
引导此类从句的从属连词有: although, though, even if, even though, while, as, whether---or---, no matter+疑问词和疑问词+ever。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
although 和 though 尽管,虽然
两者意思相同,一般可以互换, 都可以与yet, still, nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用。不同之处在于though 引导的从句不仅可以用于自然语序,也可用于倒装语序。而且though还可用作副词,意为“可是，然而”， 置于句末。 如：
He is unhappy though /although he has a lot of money.21*cnjy*com
Although/Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
Clever though you may be, you cannot do that.
He said he would come; he didn’t, though.
even if 和even though 即使，纵然
两者都有退一步设想的意思， 常可通用。从句中即可用陈述语气，也可用于虚拟语气。如：
Even though /if it is raining, we’ll go there.
We won’t be discouraged even if /though we fail ten times.【出处：21教育名师】
Even if I were busy, I would go.
as尽管， 虽然
as 引导的让步状语从句用于书面语, 比though, although引导的从句更有表现力,语气更强。as引导的从句一般放在主语之前, 且必须使用倒装语序, 即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首. 若表语是名词,前置时要省略冠词。如:21·cn·jy·com
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Smart as she is, she studies hard.
Much as like it, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive.【版权所有：21教育】
Try as he might, he could not find a job.
while 虽然
while引导的让步状语从句常位于句首, 相当于although, though。如:
While we don’t agree on the matter, we continue to be friends.
While the Internet is bridging the distance between people, it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.
whether…or… 不管……还是…… , 疑问词+ever=no matter +疑问词
不管…… , 无论…….
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
Whatever (No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you.
Don’t let them in, whoever (no matter who) they are.
However (No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.　　21*cnjy*com
注意: whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever 还可以引导名词性从句.此时它们不能与no matter+ 疑问词互换。 如:
You can take whatever you like.
Whoever leaves last should lock the door.
课件24张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageReading & WritingCultural Heritage What can you see in the pictures?Do you think Kunqu Opera is part of cultural heritage?
If so, does it belong to tangible or intangible cultural heritage?
In your opinion, what is intangible cultural heritage?Read the passage and answer the questions.What’s the difference between “tangible” and “intangible” world heritage?“Tangible” heritage consists of buildings and objects such as paintings; “Intangible” heritage means traditional songs and poems, people who can perform traditional works, languages and music.2. Can you give an example of oral heritage?Story-telling (dance, music, games, customs) – things which are passed on orally from one generation to the next.3. What kind of people are living human treasures?People who know the traditional songs, poems, games, etc.When it is spoken by only a few old people and is not taught to the young.4. What makes a language endangered?5. Give an example of traditional music that is thought to be part of an intangible cultural heritage.Kunqu opera.Write a short essay about an intangible human heritage that you know about.a type of traditional music, a dance, a game or a custom
a well-known and highly respected person
a language which few people speak Writingsaying what your choice is called and what it is
describing where in the world it is seen or heard
describing who it belongs to and who they are
saying why it is part of your cultural heritageNow write notes:Read the words for hello and guess which languages they are.Hello; Bonjour; Guten Tag; Salamat Pagi; Buenos dias; God dag; Aloha; Bom Dia; Szia; Merhaba; Bore Da; Buon Giorno Hello: English
Bonjour: French
Guten Tag: German
Buenos dias: Spanish
God dag: Swedish Aloha: Hawaiian
Bom Dia: Portuguese
Szia: Hungarian
Merhaba: Turkish
Bore Da: Welsh
Buon Giorno: ItalianWork in pairs. Read the information about disappearing languages and answer the questions. Are languages disappearing at a fast or a slow rate?
How many languages appear on the Internet? Fast. 600.3. Are all languages written down?
4. Which part of the world has the most languages?No, they aren’t. Papua New Guinea.Number of languages spoken in these 8 countries: Warning - Language Are Dying!Why do you think so many languages are disappearing or are in danger? Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Because the people live isolated from each other, either on separate islands, in distant forests or at great distance.2. Does it matter if languages disappear?Yes, because we are losing precious parts of the world’s human heritage.3. How can people stop a language from dying?By teaching it to the children; by making it valued by the authorities, and then used in schools alongside the main language(s).4. Do you think languages that are not written down are more likely to disappear? Give your reasons. Yes, they are. Because there is no reference point, and so if the elders do not pass the language to the children, when they die, no one knows how they were spoken.5. Is there any reason to learn a language which is spoken by very few people?
Yes. Learning any language introduces the learner to the culture of another group of people, which inevitably enriches their life.1. Review the whole text.
2. Finish your writing task above.
Finish the exercises in
Workbook.课件45张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageReading PracticeThink of as many cultural heritages as possible, tangible or intangible heritage.Look at the list of China’s cultural heritage. Which items are examples of tangible cultural heritage, and which ones are examples of intangible cultural heritage? Kunqu Opera
the Great Wall
the Forbidden City
Chen-style Tai Chi
Mogao Caves at Dunhuang the Qin Terracotta, Warriors and Horses
Guqin Music
Confucius Temple in Qufu
Shaolin kung fuTangible:the Great Wall
the Forbidden City
Mogao Caves at Dunhuang
the Qin Terracotta, Warriors and Horses
Confucius Temple in Qufu Intangible:Kunqu Opera
Chen-style Tai Chi
Guqin Music
Shaolin kung fuRead the passage quickly and finish the following tasks. seven cultural heritages mentioned in the passage: TCM, Mid-Autumn Festival, Guqin Music, Kunqu Opera, Shaolin kung fu, the world’s longest epic poem of Tibetan King Gesser, Chen-style Tai ChiRead the passage and answer the following questions.1. Which items will be included in a bid
to be added to the UNESCO list? Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mid-Autumn Festival.2. Which are other examples of China’s
intangible cultural heritage?Shaolin kung fu, the world’s longest epic poem of Tibetan King Gesser and Chen-style Tai Chi.Decide which sentence does not refer to the main idea of the passage.1. Every two years the directory is
enlarged by giving each country the
chance to recommended one
candidate.2. The application for TCM would
highlight the fact that traditional
Chinese medicine is a culture that has
existed for thousand of years.
3. With more than 50 million Chinese
living and working overseas, the Mid-
Autumn Festival reminds them of their
Chinese origins and would help to unite
Chinese people all over the world.4. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s
tangible and intangible heritage is also
to act as a warning system for sites
which are at the mercy for
redevelopment, pollution or even the
effects of tourism, and cultural activities
which are in danger. 1. Protecting an item of world heritage begins ____.
a. when it has been included on the list
b. as soon as the bid is made
c. once every two years
d. if the bid to UNESCO is successfulChoose the best answers.2. Including TCM on the UNESCO List will highlight ___.
a. that it is old-fashioned and still
developing as a medical science
b. the advantages of its treatment, its legal
status abroad and its use in medical
research
c. the theories and experiences of its
practitioners
d. its advantages in treating AIDS and
malaria3. The bid to include the Mid-Autumn Festival on the UNESCO list __.
a. suggests it is in danger
b. is an example of cultural activity
which unites Chinese people all over
the world
c. is an opportunity to recommend
symbolic ambassadors
d. reflects Chinese cultural traditions4. The UNESCO list of world tangible
and intangible heritage ______.
a. protects sites and items in danger of
disappearing
b. both celebrates and protects sites and items of cultural importance
c. celebrates world cultural activities
and traditions
d. protects sites of cultural importance
which are in dangerComplete the sentences in your own words.1. TCM is being recommended as a candidate for the UNESCO list because _____________________.
2. The Mid-Autumn Festival reminds Chinese people overseas of their origins,
so _______________________________
_____________. it’s an ancient tradition it helps to unite Chinese people all
over the world3. If a site is not protected, UNESCO
_____________________________
_____________.
4. A successful bid requires
______________________________
___________________.may take it off the list of World
Heritage Sitescultural diplomacy and knowledge of UNESCO’s system1. Every two years the directory is enlarged by giving each country the chance to recommend one candidate.
enlarge v. 扩大, 增大
e.g. ① I want to enlarge the lawn.
② I planned to enlarge this photograph.
③ Can you enlarge on upon what has
already been said? 2. While the bid is going through, the state
government allocate funds for each
item’s protection.
go through此句中意为“被通过”。此
外，还有“经历、经受、履行、把……
进行到底”的意思。
e.g. ① Certain formalities have to be gone
through before one can emigrate.
② The dictionary has gone through ten
editions. 3. If TCM is accepted on the UNESCO list, doctors and practitioners would advocate both its advantages and its legal status abroad.
① advocate v. 主张, 提倡；
e.g. I advocate a policy of gradual reform.
② n. 提倡者, 拥护者
e.g. This judge is a strong advocate of
prison reform. 4. Mid-Autumn celebrations reflect
Chinese cultural traditions.
reflect v. 反映，归咎
e.g. ① The results reflect the greatest
credit upon all concerned.
② Her sad looks reflected the thought
passing through her mind.
③ The literature of a period reflects its
values and tastes. 【拓展】
reflection n. 反映，沉思，映像
e.g. ① Your clothes are a reflection of
your personality.
② The cat felt curious when she saw her
own reflection in the mirror. 5. With more than 50 million Chinese living
and working overseas, the Mid-Autumn
Festival reminds them of their Chinese
origins and would help to unite Chinese
people all over the world.
remind v. 提醒, 使想起
e.g. ① This story reminds me of my childhood.
② Please remind me to write to my mother
tomorrow.
③ Travelers are reminded that malaria
tablets are advisable. 6. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s tangible and intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities which are in danger.
at the mercy of
受……支配，在……的掌控之中
e.g. They were lost at the sea, at the
mercy of the wind and weather. 【拓展】mercy常见短语：
show mercy on (upon) 对……有怜悯心show mercy to 对……表示同情
e.g. ① The people’s enemies will be
shown no mercy.
② The king showed no mercy and killed
all the prisoners.
③ They showed mercy to their enemies. 7. UNESCO undertakes to take sites off the World Heritage list if their present state is threatened by an absence of protection.
undertake是及物动词, 主要有以下三层
含义：
1) 意为“承诺; 答应; 保证”, 后常跟动词不定式或that从句。
e.g. He undertook to finish the job by
Friday.
他答应在星期五之前完成这项工作。 I cannot undertake that you will make a profit.
我不能担保你会获利。
2) 意为“从事; 进行”
e.g. University professors both teach and undertake research.
大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。3) 意为“承担；负责”
e.g. Who will undertake responsibility for the traffic accident?
谁将对这起交通事故负责？
He undertook the difficult experiment willingly.
他欣然承担起那项艰难的实验。Make a list of sites and items from your local or regional cultural heritage. Which ones would you bid to be added to the UNESCO list? Give your reasons.课件46张PPT。Module 6Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritageVocabulary & ReadingThe Amazing Caves of Zhoukoudian Where is Zhoukoudian?
What is it famous for?How much do you know about Beijing Man and the caves of Zhou kou dian?Read the passage and fill in the blanks.In 1929In 1937In 1949In 1987A complete skull was discovered.Excavations stopped and most of the fossils disappeared.The work started again and it became an important tourist attraction.It was listed as a world heritage site.Read Part 1 of the passage quickly and find:the first thing was found at
Zhoukoudian some prehistoric human bonesalmost 200 items 2. the number of items that were
eventually found3. the number of places where Beijing Man livedfour sitesfewer than 5%4. the percentage of people who lived to the age of 505. the reason why work on the site stoppedJapan invaded Chinain December 1987 6. when the site became a world
heritage site1. two natural causes of the destruction
of the cavesRead Part 2 of the passage quickly and find:rain and exposure to the airnearby cement factories2. the origin of pollution that is affecting
the caves3. two demands from UNESCOthe site should be closed and repairedthe government and the general public4. two possible groups of people who can help to repair the cavesRead the information and check the part of the passage it appears in.1. the location of the Zhoukoudian
caves
2. information about the human remains which were foundboth parts 1 and 2 part 1Careful Reading3. an estimate of when Beijing Man lived
in the area
4. the probable length of Beijing Man’s
life
5. information about the problems at the
site part 1 part 2both parts 1 and 26. the cost of repairing the site
7. evidence that Beijing Man used fire
8. a request for help from ordinary
peopleboth parts 1 and 2part 2part 2Explain what the word they refers to in these sentences.1. They came from an unknown species of man.the bones2. They also made tools from bones and sharpened stones.the prehistoric men3. They have never been found.
4. They have recommended that the site
be closed and repaired.
5. They have suggested that the general
public be encouraged to help with the
problem.most of the fossilsUNESCOthe Chinese Academy of Sciences6. They can help by contributing to the cost of maintaining the caves.ordinary peoplethe caves7. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage.Post-readingFill in the blanks.In 1920s, archaeologists __________ some prehistoric human _____, which came from an unknown ______ of man, and were the first ________ of primitive human life in China long before. discoveredbonesspeciesevidenceEvidences showed that they knew how to use fire and even made ______ of bones.
Today, however, the remains are in serious _______. Parts of the cave have been badly affected by the nature. _________ has also contributed to the problem. So the
scientists have suggested that the general public be __________ to help with the problem. toolsdangerPollutionencouragedHow to preserve the Beijing Man Heritage? Build a cover for them
Hire some people to work for it
Try to make the cement factories move
Limit the visiting time
Ask people to treasure the historic
placesDiscussion 11. What have you learnt about the caves of Zhoukoudian?
2. Do you know why they are “amazing”?
3. What is the connection between Zhoukoudian and Beijing Man?
4. Why do you think the Beijing Man Site is “in danger”?’
5. How important is it to repair the Zhoukoudian site?Discussion 21. What have you learnt about the caves of Zhoukoudian?
2. Do you know why they are “amazing”?That they are in a village 50km southwest of Beijing; that they were the home to Beijing Man; that they are in bad condition and work needs to be done on them; that they are a World Heritage Site.They are amazing because of what they tell us about early man.3. What is the connection between Zhoukoudian and Beijing Man?Beijing Man lived in the caves at Zhoukoudian.4. Why do you think the Beijing Man Site is “in danger”?’
5. How important is it to repair the Zhoukoudian site?Because pollution and exposure to air and rain destroying the site.It is vital, because the site is of international importance.1. Parts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air.
exposure n. expose v.
1) 暴露；显露；露出
exposure除有“暴露”之意外, 还可引申为“(在电视、报纸上的)亮相; 被报道”, 常用作不可数名词。 e.g. He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of white teeth.
他突然一笑，露出一口雪白的牙齿。
It’s harmful to expose your skin to the sun.
把皮肤暴露在阳光下是有害的。The paint came off as the result of exposure to the rain.
油漆因受雨淋而剥落。
Her new movie has a lot of exposure in the media.
她的新片媒体有很多报道。2)意为“揭露；揭穿”, 常用作不可数名词
e.g. She was exposed as a liar.
她说谎的面目被揭穿了。
The newspaper’s exposure of their
crimes led to their arrest.
报上揭露了他们的罪行, 这些人因
而被捕。3) 作为照相用语，expose意为“暴光”；exposure意为“底片；胶片”，是可数名词。
e.g. A reel of film was exposed.
一卷胶片暴光了。
How many exposures have you made? 你照了几张像?2. Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem.
contribute是一个用法比较多的词：
1) 意为“捐助; 捐献”，常用结构为“contribute (sth.) (to / towards sth.)”。
e.g. Do you wish to contribute?
你想捐助吗？
Would you like to contribute to our collection?
你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗？2) 意为“增加；有助于”，常用结构为“contribute to sth.”。
e.g. A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
适度的运动有益健康。
3) 意为“促成；导致”，常用结构为“contribute to sth.”。 e.g. Does smoking contribute to lung
cancer?
吸烟会导致肺癌吗？
4) 意为“投稿”
e.g. She has contributed several poems to literary magazines.
她给文学杂志投了几首诗。 He contributes regularly to the newspaper.
他定期给这家报社投稿。
5) 意为“贡献出”
e.g. The Sung dynasty contributed three
great inventions to world civilization.
宋朝为世界文明贡献出了三大发明。3. They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.
recommend常用作及物动词, 用法如下
1) 意为“推荐；介绍”，常用结构为 “recommend sb. sth.”或“recommend sb. / sth. (to sb.)( for sth.)”。
e.g. Can you recommend me a good dictionary?
你能给我推荐一本好词典吗？You can recommend some books to the students.
你可以向学生推荐一些书。
I recommend these drugs for your cough.
我推荐你用这些药治你的咳嗽。2) 意为“建议；劝告”
e.g. He recommended a long holiday.
他建议来个长假。4. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
propose v. 计划；打算；向……提议；求婚
e.g. He proposed that a change should be made.
He proposed to Mary on Valentine’s Day that year.proposal n. 建议, 提议; 计划; 提案
e.g. After careful thought, I decide to accept your proposal.Complete the sentences with the correct form of the following words.Zhoukoudian is a place where prehistoric ______ were found.
2. Archaeologists _________ the remains
of prehistoric people.bonesdiscoveredbone danger discover encourage
evidence pollution species tool3. There is ________ that Beijing Man
used fire to cook food.
4. Beijing Man knew how to make ____ from stones.
5. ________ caused by factories can be
a problem for old buildings.evidencetoolsPollution 6. Beijing Man was an early _______ of
human being.
7. Prehistoric people faced ______ from
wild animals.
8. We must _________ the government
to spend more money on heritage
sites.speciesdangerencourageComplete the questions with the following words.1. How can the general public give their
_________?
2. Apart from providing _______, what
was fire used for?assistanceassistance catastrophe evolution
primitive recommend sharpen warmthwarmth3. Is there any way that we can avoid the
__________ of the closing of the site?
4. Did Beijing Man _______ stones and
bones to make tools?
5. What do the remains tell us about the
________ of the human race?catastrophesharpenevolution7. Would you __________ that tourists
visit the site?recommend6. What else do you know about the
________ societies like Beijing
Man? primitiveReview the whole text and find out the main words and phrases in the text.Module 6单元测试题
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. —When do you think we can play the soccer match?　　21*cnjy*com
—I don’t know. We are at _____ mercy of the weather and it has been raining heavily all _____ day.
A. 不填; a ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. the; 不填
C. the; a ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. 不填; 不填
22. After several hours of discussions, they managed to reach a(n) _____.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. assistance? ????????????? B. awareness
C. request ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. compromise
23. Over the years, I have kept that picture _____ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my high school days.www.21-cn-jy.com
A. however ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. whenever
C. wherever ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. whatever
24. Our opinion about things is often influenced by _____ factors, such as tiredness.
A. subjective ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. thorough
C. precious ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. vital
25. —_____ has been proved that light travels much faster than sound.
—Yes, that is why we can see lightning before we hear thunder when there is a storm.
A. As ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. It
C. What ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. That
26. A council spokeswoman said that the proposals for the new shopping centre were unlikely to _____.
A. go through ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. see through
C. break through? ??????? D. look through
27. I took my laptop to get it repaired, but the engineer recommended that I _____ it instead of repairing it.21cnjy.com
A. replaced ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. would replace
C. had replaced ? ? ? ? ? D. replace
28. Seeing Jane, I stopped and smiled, but she _____ me and walked on, which made me upset.
A. greeted ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. ignored
C. advocated ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. honoured
29. I had my camera ready, just _____ I saw something that would make a good picture.
A. even if ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. if only
C. in case ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. so that
30. This is an excellent piece of work, _____ a couple of spelling mistakes.2·1·c·n·j·y【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. as well as? ??????????? ?? B. in addition to21*cnjy*com
C. far from ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. apart from
31. John said that he had never seen Susan before, _____ was not true.【出处：21教育名师】
A. that ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. who
C. which ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. it
32. As is known to all, students should develop _____ intellectually, _____ physically.
A. not only; but also? ? B. either; or
C. neither; nor ? ? ? ? ? ?D. not; but
33. Though _____ with housework all day long, Mrs. Green managed to spare some time to teach herself Chinese.21·世纪*教育网
A. occupying ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. being occupied
C. having occupied ? ?D. occupied
34. —How did early settlers _____ meat?
—By drying and salting it.
A. preserve ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. reserve
C. observe ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. protect
35. —Which university will you attend?
—_____ There is a strong possibility that I will go to a university in America.21教育网
A. Not to worry.
B. It’s your turn to tell me first.
C. It’s not up to me.
D. I don’t know for certain.
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
★★☆☆☆
Homeless animals have the right to be safe and loved. I’ve had two ?36 ?adoptions (收养) so far and I want to ?37 ?my story with you in hopes that it will encourage somebody else to realize what wonderful dogs you can find in a ?38 .　　21*cnjy*com
Several years ago my husband and I ?39 ?a beautiful six-year-old German dog in a shelter and we ?40 ?fell in love with him. When we visited him, he was so ?41 ?to see us and greeted me with a kiss on my hand and knee. He was very naughty and needed to learn some general ?42 . But with patience and good training, it didn’t take long for him to ?43 ?a gentleman. He was a wonderful dog that will ?44 ?have a place in my heart. ?45 , he died from bone cancer. It broke my heart to ?46 ?him and I miss him very much ... ?47 , when one door closes another door opens.
We ?48 ?our home and hearts to another German dog from the shelter just about a month ago, who is shy, sweet and full of love. Now he ?49 ?us at the door, waving his tail and is so ?50? to see us! He’s such a joy and you can see the ?51 ?in his big brown eyes. We named him Fritz which means ‘Peaceful Ruler’ in German, very ?52 ?for this sweet little guy.
These are wonderful animals that needed a loving home and I’m so happy I’ve been able to? 53 ?that for them. It’s through no fault of their own that they found themselves abandoned and? 54 . I am so thankful to the shelter for saving these animals so that people like us can find loving? 55 .
36. A. unlucky ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. convenient? C. uncomfortable ???????? D. successful
37. A. publish?????????????? B. make up C. share ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. figure out
38. A. hospital ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. shelter C. home?????????????????????? D. zoo
39. A. found????????? ?????? B. kept? C. sold???????????????????????? D. left
40. A. immediately??????? B. usually C. gradually???????????????? D. secretly
41. A. bored????????? ?????? B. nervous????? C. happy ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. sad
42. A. manners ? ? ? ? ? ? B. knowledge? C. products ? ? ? ? ? D. news
43. A. enter into ? ? ? ? ? ?B. develop into C. run into ? ? ? ? ? ? D. fall into
44. A. never?????????? ?????? B. forever C. sometimes ? ? ? ?? ?D. seldom
45. A. Gladly ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. Finally C. Hopefully ? ? ? ?? ?D. Unfortunately
46. A. forget ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. meet?? C. lose ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. hurt
47. A. Therefore ? ? ? ? ? B. Besides C. Instead ? ? ? ? ? ? D. However
48. A. opened ????????????? B. moved?????? C. shut ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. built
49. A. greets????????? ?????? B. watches C. follows ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. smells
50. A. annoyed ? ? ? ? ? ? B. puzzled C. scared ??????????????????? D. excited
51. A. sorrow???????? ?????? B. worry? C. anger ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. love
52. A. suitable ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. useful C. formal ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. normal
53. A. protect ? ? ? ? ? ? ??B. provide C. plan ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??D. prevent
54. A. unafraid ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. unprepared C. unchanged ? ? ? ? ? D. unwanted
55. A. servants ? ? ? ? ? ? B. relatives C. workers ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. friends
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
★★☆☆☆
It was a man in a rowboat being attacked by a shark that got Matt Long into his career as a professional sand sculptor.21教育名师原创作品21教育网
Long enjoyed playing in the sand as a boy. But it was when he was older, out for a walk on the beach, that he stumbled upon the lifelike sculpture of the man, boat and shark, and he was attracted.
“I made sand sculptures in my spare time for years before I entered a contest,” Long says. At the contest, Long met a professional sand sculptor who liked his work and asked him to help on a job. “He shared with me all about the world of sand sculpting.”
Since then, Long has created indoor and outdoor sand sculptures of everything from castles and sea animals to buildings and 7-foot-tall cartoon characters.
A sand sculptor must learn about sand quality and how it affects a sculpture. He needs to be able to recognize “clean sand” that is free of stones or shells and has grains (沙粒) that are about the same size. Every sculpture begins with the “pound-up,” which is the important part of making a sand sculpture. Sand is put into wood or plastic frames (框架) called “forms,” then mixed with water and pressed tightly together. The forms are put together to build the height of the sculpture. When the forms are removed, a block of sand is ready for a sculptor to work.
Every sand sculptor wants to avoid a structure falling down. A sculptor will decide how much carving he can do according to the physical limits of the sand. Long says structures falling down is most common at contests when sculptors push the limits in an effort to impress the judges.
Sculptures created at the beach can be left to break down naturally, but projects at other locations need to be broken down, shoveled up (铲起来) and taken away.
“That first shovelful always hurts a bit,” Long says, “but I have gotten used to it.”
56. The underlined phrase “stumbled upon” in Paragraph 2 means _____.
A. built up???????????????????
B. came across
C. looked after?????????????
D. broke down
57. According to the text, Matt Long _____.
A. was once attacked by a shark
B. likes sculpting men and animals
C. entered the contest in order to find a job
D. learned a lot from a professional sand sculptor
58. What do we know about sand sculpting?
A. “Clean sand” contains stones or shells about the same size.21cnjy.com
B. Sculptures created at the beach can usually be kept indoors.
C. “Pound-up” is the preparation of making a sand sculpture.
D. Sculptors carve in sand with wood or plastic frames.
59. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The masterpiece of nature
B. The king of his sand castle
C. The physical limits of sand
D. The falling down of structures
?
B
★★☆☆☆
Everyone dreams of seeing the world. But some people take that dream to the extreme.
In 2000, Canadian Jean Béliveau was suffering from a mid-life crisis (危机). He thought a good walk might help. So, he decided to go for one ... around the whole world. It took him 11 years and 54 pairs of shoes. He ate insects in Africa, survived a puma (美洲狮) attack in South America, and fell in love for nine days in Mexico. Jean has successfully overcome his mid-life crisis and is now writing a book about his 75,000-kilometre journey.【出处：21教育名师】
A Russian man, Vladislav Ketov, is currently cycling around the globe. So far he’s ridden through 93 countries. And he’s been at it for 20 years. Why so long? Two reasons. Firstly, he’s not just going through countries, he’s actually riding along the coast of every continent. Secondly, he set off without any money. He has to draw portraits of the people he meets along the way to carry on with his trip. Of course, he is planning to write a book on his eventual return, too.【版权所有：21教育】
Then there’s Ezra Cooley. He set out in 2006 with the idea of riding his horse around the world. Why? “I’ve always wanted to accomplish something,” Ezra said. So far he’s only ridden across the United States and part of Australia. The reason he’s been so slow? He recently took a year off to write a book about his trip.
Circling the globe has a long history. In 1901, Captain Voss (from Canada) set off around the world in a 12-metre dugout canoe (独木舟). Even more impressive, the canoe, which Voss bought from a Native American woman, was built in the early 19th century. He armed the canoe with a Spanish cannon (大炮) for protection. The journey took three years and, of course, Voss wrote about his trip in a book.
60. What led Jean Béliveau to travel around the world?21世纪教育网版权所有
A. His love for wild animals.
B. His depression in middle age.
C. His wish to travel around Mexico.
D. His dream of writing a book of travels.
61. Why did Vladislav Ketov draw pictures for people during his trip?
A. To earn money for his trip.
B. To collect pictures for his book.
C. To remember the people he met.
D. To give them to the people he met as a gift.
62. Which of the following pictures describes Ezra Cooley?? www-2-1-cnjy-com21教育名师原创作品
A.
B.?
C.?
D.
63. What did the four travellers mentioned in the text have in common?21·cn·jy·com
A. They all began their travels from Canada.
B. They were all born in the 20th century.
C. They all travelled with others for company.
D. They all wrote or will write a book about their journey.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】21*cnjy*com
C
★★★☆☆
The Black Death
A terrible disease swept through Europe in the late 1340s. Called the Black Death, it got its name from the black lumps (肿块) that it caused on a sick person’s skin. The bacteria that cause the disease are spread to humans by fleas (跳蚤) that have bitten infected rats. With all the rats in the crowded towns and cities of Europe, the disease spread fast. Two-thirds of those who caught the disease died. The Italian writer Boccaccio said that the disease spread “like a fire through dry grass”.?
No one knew how to stop this terrible new disease. Most people were afraid even to visit the sick. In just three years, one out of every three people in Europe died. Then, suddenly, around 1351, the disease seemed to disappear. But it returned — in 1363, again in 1369, and on many more occasions for the next three hundred years.
The great flu epidemic (流行病)
As World War I drew to a close, a new threat arose. In March of 1918, hundreds of U.S. soldiers at Fort Riley, Kansas, fell ill with influenza, or flu. About one in nine ill soldiers died. Though many people died, the public did not take notice. The dangers soldiers faced on the front in Europe seemed to go beyond this illness. Soon, soldiers from Fort Riley joined the Allied forces (the countries that fought with Britain, the U.S. etc in World War I) in Europe. Within months, the illness had spread throughout Europe, killing millions of people.
In September, as soldiers began to return home, the illness attacked the U.S. public. People died within hours of falling ill. To stop the spread of the disease, the government limited gatherings and travel. They forbade stores from having sales. They even limited funerals to fifteen minutes. But the flu took the lives of more than a half-million Americans, ten times as many as had died in the war. Worldwide, the epidemic lasted from 1918 to 1920, killing between twenty and forty million people.
64. The author used Boccaccio’s words in the first paragraph in order to make the text _____.?
A. better-known? ?????????????
B. better-organized? ???
C. more convincing??? ??????
D. more interesting
65. Which of following shows the spread of the Black Death?2-1-c-n-j-y
A. The bacteria → fleas → rats → humans.
B. The bacteria → rats → fleas → humans.
C. Fleas → the bacteria → rats → humans.
D. Rats → fleas → the bacteria → humans.
66. What was Americans’ attitude towards the flu from Fort Riley at first? 2-1-c-n-j-y
A. They paid no attention to it.
B. They believed it was terrible.
C. They tried their best to prevent it.
D. They thought it was worse than war.
67. What can we learn about the two epidemics mentioned in the text?21·世纪*教育网
A. Both epidemics first broke out in Europe.?
B. Both epidemics spread fast in the countryside.
C. The great flu epidemic mainly killed soldiers.
D. The Black Death epidemic lasted much longer.
?
D
★★★☆☆
Free Entry to Palace of Versailles — Save ?18!
The Palace of Versailles is one of the largest and most splendid (华丽的) castles in the world. Having around 2,143 windows, 1,252 fireplaces, and 67 staircases, the castle is one of the most visited attractions in France.
As a fine example of 18th-century French art, this historic building has been on UNESCO’s World Heritage List for 30 years.
At first it was just a hunting house built by Louis XIII. But Louis XIV chose the site to build the palace we know today, the symbol of royal absolutism (王权专制) and classical French art. The castle lost its standing as the official seat of power in 1789, but got a new role in the 19th century as the Museum of the History of France, which was founded when Louis-Philippe became the king in 1830.
This historic castle with its beautiful architecture and gardens, and long history, is a must-visit sight on a sightseeing trip to Paris.
Opening Times:
High season: 1 April – 31 October Every day except Mondays 9.00–18.30. Last admission (准许进入): 18.00.2·1·c·n·j·y
Low Season: 1 November – 31 March Every day except Mondays 9.00–17.30. Last admission: 17.00.
Entry to the Palace:
To get to the palace of Versailles by RER C rail line, make sure to buy a “Paris–Versailles Rive Gauche” ticket (zones 1-4).
With a Paris Pass you can visit the palace free of charge — that’s a saving of 18 Euros. Please note that Versailles is outside zone 3, but a single RER train ticket to Versailles will cost you only ?3.25.
With a Paris Pass you don’t need to queue up, but can use privileged Pass holder entry, a great benefit if you are visiting during the busy spring or summer seasons.【版权所有：21教育】
Note:?Your entry does not include the musical fountain shows. When the water shows are taking place you will be unable to visit the gardens unless you purchase a separate ticket.
68. What can we learn about the Palace of Versailles?
A. It was used as a museum at first.
B. It was built in memory of Louis XIV.
C. It was the official seat of power in 1830.
D. It is not so busy in November as in October.
69. If a visitor with a Paris Pass wants to visit the Palace of Versailles, he will _____.
A. visit it for free
B. be allowed to visit it on Mondays
C. get a single RER train ticket for free
D. enjoy the musical fountain shows for free
70. The text is most probably taken from _____.
A. UNESCO’s World Heritage List
B. an ad for an art festival
C. an architecture textbook
D. a travel guidebook
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gift therapy
?????? Once, at a conference in Denver, one of the speakers talked about personal, innate (天生的) gifts. I was impressed by his words: We all have them, but they are not ours to keep. ??71? ?Since that day, I’ve been thinking about how I can give them away throughout my life. 21·cn·jy·comwww-2-1-cnjy-com
?????? About three months ago, I visited a nursing home as a professional therapy (心理疗法) student. Inside, I met my partner for the day, and asked her name. In a very low voice, she responded “Annabelle” followed by “Do I have to do this?”
?????? ? 72? ?For a half hour Annabelle refused to make crafts (手工) with me and just sat in her chair, watching others make their crafts. Just then my mind suddenly flashed back to the words on gifts at the conference. ??73 ?
?????? So I turned to Annabelle with a smile and started asking her about her life, and listened. She told me all about her life-lessons and her future plans. After a short while of sharing her life stories with me, she began to put her snowman together. ??74 ??
?????? As our time together nearly ended, Annabelle showed me pictures of her family and crafts made by her grandchildren. As I left the nursing home, she said, “Thank you for everything. I hope that you come back someday.”
?????? ? 75 ??We shared many gifts that day: memories, happiness, trust and listening. Our gifts made our relationship a special experience.
A. Smiling, she admired her finished craft.???
B. I put her craft aside trying to calm her down.
C. Could I possibly give away one of my gifts today?
D. Not once had I considered giving my gifts away before.
E. The activity was clearly not part of her “to do” list that day.?
F. That day turned around for both of us, through the power of gifts.???
G. As a future therapist, I’m determined never to ignore the power of gifts.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This afternoon I went to see my grandmother by a bus. It was very crowded and I had to stand. Besides me there was a woman held a little boy in her arms. In front of her, a young man takes two seats, pretending to be sleeping. I heard the boy curious asking his mother, “What’s wrong with the uncle?” I had thought if perhaps the mother would say something unpleasant. Beyond her expectations, the woman answered with a smile, “Be quiet. The uncle must very tired because of hard work.” The young man must have heard the word. His face turned red and then offered one seat for the woman at once.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的美国网友Tom对中国的剪纸很感兴趣，给你发来邮件询问相关信息。请你根据表格内容，给他回复一封邮件。21世纪教育网版权所有
注意：
1. 词数：100左右；
2. 邮件开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I’m writing to tell you something about Chinese paper-cutting.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
??????????????????????????? Yours,
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? Li Hua
?参考答案：
?21-25 BDCAB ? ? ? 26-30 ADBCD 31-35 CADAD????? ?? www.21-cn-jy.com
36-40 DCBAA ? ? ? 41-45 CABBD 46-50 CDAAD????? ?? 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
51-55 DABDD ? ? ? 56-60 BDCBB 61-65 AADCB ? ? ? ?
66-70 ADDAD ? ? ? 71-75 DECAF
短文改错：
76. ... by a bus. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??去掉a或by → on
77. Besides me ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Besides → Beside
78. ... held a little boy ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? held → holding或held前加who
79. ... takes two seats ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? takes → took
80. ... boy curious asking ... ? ? ? ? ? curious → curiously
81. ... if perhaps the mother ... ? ? ? if → that或去掉if
82. Beyond her expectations ...???? her → my
83. ... must very tired ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? must后加be
84. ... heard the word. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?word → words
85. ... for the woman ... ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?for → to
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I’m writing to tell you something about Chinese paper-cutting.
As one of the most popular traditional Chinese folk arts, paper-cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. In China, almost everyone, whether old or young, male or female, is fond of it. With knives or scissors, we can cut paper into different shapes, like birds, animals and flowers. We mainly use paper-cuts to decorate our walls, windows, doors, etc. during festivals and celebrations, and with paper-cuts, we express our good wishes for a happy life. In 2009, Chinese paper-cutting was added to the directory of world intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.
If you have a chance to come to China, don’t forget to learn paper-cutting.
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ?? Yours,
???????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ?? ??Li Hua
Module 6 单元测试题
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。21cnjy.com
Thirty years ago, if you looked down from a plane at the east coast of Australia, you would be greeted by the breathtaking beauty of the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef (珊瑚礁). It extends for over 2,600 kilometres in the blue sea, containing 21. ________ (count) coral and small islands. It 22. ________ (list) as a UNESCO world heritage site in 1981.
However, this natural wonder of the world is being taken away from us. Coral cover in the Great Barrier Reef has dropped 23. ________ more than half over the last 27 years, the Guardian reported. “24. ________ the trend continues, coral cover could halve (减半) again by 2022,” said Peter Doherty. So unless we start acting now, there won’t be any “heritage” 25. ________ (leave) in the future.
Coral reefs play an important part in the ocean’s ecosystem (生态系统). 26. ________ are a source of food and act as protection for young fish. 27. ________ in the past three decades they have been under threat around the world mainly from increased storms, 28. ________ growing number of starfish and coral bleaching (变白). The good news is 29. ________ coral can recover from climate change damage. But the coral decline revealed by the study — shocking as it is — has happened before the most serious effects of ocean warming has happened. So we 30. ________ (doubt) have more challenges? ahead.
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
★★★☆☆
Do animals besides humans have ?31 , and if so, which ones? Scientists and animal lovers often ?32 ?this problem. In the past, many scientists ?33 ?that animals were not capable of showing complex human emotions such as empathy (移情). Empathy is the understanding of and sharing in another’s ?34 . For example, if your little brother’s turtle dies, you probably would feel ?35 ?for him.
Several recent experiments and observations ?36 ?the theory that animals feel empathy. In 1964, one study showed that rhesus monkeys would not accept food ?37 ?another monkey got an electric shock. ?38 , biologist Marc Bekoff reports that when he was ?39 ?elephants in Kenya, he ?40 ?an elephant that had been crippled (跛脚的) for years. ?41 ?the elephant moved very slowly, the herd never left it behind. They’d stop walking, check on her, and then ?42 ?her. Bekoff also tells of Alaskan bear babies that were orphaned (使成为孤儿) when their mother was shot. One baby had been wounded, so he swam very ?43 , but his sister never ?44 ?his side. She even fished salmon out of the river for him. 【出处：21教育名师】
There are reports of animals showing emotions ?45 ?empathy, too. In 2005, a humpback whale was ?46 ?in fishing lines off California’s coast. After divers freed the whale, it played with each diver, seeming to show ?47 . Gorillas, llamas, and many other animals appear to express ?48 ?when a mate dies. And then there’s the story of the two ?49 ?dogs that were taken to an animal shelter. When one of them went ?50 , the other led his companion around the new environment by the scruff of the neck (颈背) until the blind dog learned its way around. Maybe humans and animals aren’t so different after all.
31. A. conversations????? B. emotions C. interests???? ???????????? D. friends
32. A. solve ?? ????????????? B. avoid C. debate ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. analyze
33. A. expected? ????????? B. doubted????? C. feared ? ? ? ? ? ? D. believed
34. A. decisions ?????????? B. skills C. feelings? ????????? ?? D. thoughts
35. A. bad ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. nervous????? ?? ? C. worried ??? ????????? D. amazed
36. A. develop?? ????????? B. support?? C. produce?????????? ????? D. challenge
37. A. until ? ? ? ? ? ? B. if??????? C. unless ? ??????????????? D. as
38. A. Instead? ???? ?????? B. Therefore C. However ? ?????? ?? D. Likewise
39. A. driving? ??????????? B. hunting ???? C. riding? ?? ??????????? D. watching
40. A. followed ???? ????? B. recognized C. noticed ???? ????????? D. protected
41. A. Although? ?? ????? B. Because C. When ???????????? ??? D. Since
42. A. wait for ????? ?????? B. ask for ???? C. look for????? ??????? ? D. prepare for
43. A. poorly????????? ?????? B. slowly ????? C. strongly ??? ?????????? D. patiently
44. A. passed???????? ?????? B. changed C. left ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? D. visited
45. A. including ??? ?????? B. except C. beyond ???? ???????? D. besides
46. A. killed ?? ???????????? B. caught ????? C. hurt ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. fed
47. A. excitement?? ?????? B. surprise C. thanks??????? ??????????D. disappointment
48. A. sadness ????? ?????? B. tiredness C. sickness ?? ??????? ? D. loneliness
49. A. fierce??? ???? ?????? B. lovely? C. wild ???????? ???????? D. abandoned
50. A. blind ????????? ?????? B. angry? C. afraid???????? ???????? D. hungry
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A ★★☆☆☆
Texting while driving can be serious. Adding to the peril: texting and driving while asleep at the wheel. A woman in New Zealand managed to drive and even send her friends text messages for hours while asleep, according to a story in the New Zealand Herald. Surprisingly, she did not get into an accident.21cnjy.com
According to News 3 New Zealand, the woman, who suffers from a sleep condition and was taking sleeping pills at the time, drove around New Zealand all night. The sleep-driver left her house in Hamilton, headed to Auckland and then to her former home in Mount Maunganui on the coast late on Tuesday night, driving for a total of five hours and about 190 miles. As she sleep-drove, she texted her friends, who believed she sent them while half asleep, says New Zealand’s News 3.
Police say that although the woman was texting during her drive, she was unaware the entire time and has no memory of the nighttime ride. The police began tracking the woman’s movement through her cellphone after receiving a call from a concerned friend, but weren’t able to find her as she kept driving. “While all this was going on, we were scanning any reports of unusual or concerning driving as we tried to find the Toyota and prevent a possible tragedy (悲剧),” police officer Dave Litton was quoted in the Daily Mail.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】www.21-cn-jy.com
Police said that the woman’s cousin finally found her in her former house on the coast, asleep. “While her being found safe and well is a relief for everyone involved, the possibility for tragedy was huge and we’re urging people suffering medical conditions to be open and honest with their doctors and seek advice,” Litton told the New Zealand Herald.21·世纪*教育网　　21*cnjy*com
51. The underlined word “peril” in Paragraph 1 means _____.
A. fun?????????????????? B. danger?? ???????? C. disaster??????????????????? D. concern
52. The woman drove in that way mainly because _____.21*cnjy*com
A. she wanted to play a joke on the police
B. she wanted to attract her friend’s attention
C. the eagerness to go home drove her to do so
D. a sleep condition made her unaware of her action
53. What police officer Dave Litton said in Paragraph 3 showed that _____.
A. the police could do nothing
B. the police were very worried
C. the woman had driven that way before
D. such behavior-related tragedies had happened before
54. The text is mainly about a New Zealand woman who _____.
A. behaved strangely in her car
B. drove and texted while asleep
C. attracted the police’s attention
D. was found safe at her former house
B ★★★★☆
April 18 is celebrated as the World Heritage Day across the world. It is aimed at creating awareness about heritage sites and highlighting the need to protect and conserve them.21·cn·jy·com
UNESCO lists 29 sites from India in its heritage list which are considered as having outstanding universal value. Travel.india.com lists four of world heritage sites which should be visited at least once in a lifetime.
Taj Mahal, UP
It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It also figures among the Seven Wonders of the World. The Taj Mahal is widely recognized as “the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world’s heritage”. As one of the most wonderful buildings, it attracts a large number of visitors every year.
Kaziranga National Park, Assam
It was started in 1905 at the orders of British Viceroy Lord Curzon following a request from his wife. As a famous biodiversity (生物多样性) site, the wildlife park is famous for its one-horned rhino(犀牛) population.
Fatehpur Sikri, UP
Founded in 1569, the city served as the Mughal capital. The city is the manifestation (证明) of Mughal Emperor Akbar’s dream to build a great capital for his empire. The Great Mughal’s great city was abandoned just 16 years after it was built due to the serious shortage of water. Today, the city is mostly a ghost town.
Elephanta Caves, Maharashtra
As one of the finest examples of rock-cut cave temples of India, the caves have been carved(雕刻) out of single solid rock. The caves are filled with beautiful stone carvings of Hindu gods and goddesses. The sculptures of Mount Kailash, Parvati, Ravana and especially of Lord Shiva, which shows his three moods as the creator, the destroyer and the preserver, are masterpieces.2-1-c-n-j-y
55. Which of the following places is one of the Seven Wonders of the World?
A. Taj Mahal.
B. Fatehpur Sikri.
C. Elephanta Caves.
D. Kaziranga National Park.
56. What do we know about Fatehpur Sikri?
A. It took 16 years to build the city.
B. People in the city lived a poor life.
C. It was abandoned for lack of water.
D. It was destroyed by Akbar’s enemies.
57. The main purpose of the text is to _____.
A. ask people to pay a visit to India
B. introduce the must-visit heritage sites in India【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
C. call on people to help protect cultural heritage
D. invite people to celebrate the World Heritage Day
C ★★★☆☆
Walter Reed was born in 1851 in Belroi, Virginia. After studying medicine, he joined the Army Medical Corps in 1874 and had a very successful career for the next 25 years. Then he was given a very special job.2-1-c-n-j-y
Doctors had long been concerned about yellow fever, which injured the liver (肝脏) and made the skin turn yellowish. It was said that yellow fever spread from person to person, but doctors weren’t sure about it. During the Spanish-American War, the U.S. Army became concerned about yellow fever because many American soldiers who went to Cuba contracted it and became ill. In 1900 after the war, the Surgeon General put Walter Reed in charge of a team that went to Cuba to study yellow fever and other diseases.
Three other doctors were on Reed’s team. The team quickly saw that nurses took care of patients with yellow fever and did not get sick. Therefore, they knew that yellow fever was not spread by touching sick people or their clothing. Dr. Carlos Finlay of Havana, Cuba, believed that mosquitoes(蚊子) carried yellow fever. The team decided to check his idea.2·1·c·n·j·y21世纪教育网版权所有
The only sure way to check this idea was to have a mosquito bite a person with yellow fever, and then have the same mosquito bite a healthy person. If the healthy person became ill with yellow fever, the team would know that the illness had been carried by the mosquito. Two doctors and a soldier bravely volunteered to be bitten by yellow-fever mosquitoes. The soldier suffered a mild case. At first the two doctors did not get sick, but then they both became very ill. After very careful experiments on other volunteers, the team proved that mosquitoes carried yellow fever from person to person.
In 1901, based on Reed’s work, doctors realized that by cleaning out the places where the mosquitoes laid their eggs they could almost completely get rid of yellow fever. A vaccine (疫苗) that protects people from yellow fever was discovered in 1951. It is still used today.
When the Army built a huge medical center in Washington, DC, they named it after Walter Reed. They wanted people to have a way to remember the work done by Reed and others, especially the courageous volunteers who risked their lives, to conquer(征服) yellow fever.
58. Reed’s job was special mainly because _____.
A. he was a doctor in the army
B. he would work with foreigners
C. he needed to study yellow fever
D. he had to do research in wartime
59. The fourth paragraph is mainly about _____.
A. why Reed was asked to do the work
B. how Reed’s team did the experiments
C. how the U.S. Army honored Walter Reed
D. why the U.S. Army was concerned about yellow fever21*cnjy*com
60. We can learn from the text that finally _____.
A. Reed built a huge medical center
B. Reed stayed in Cuba after the work
C. doctors found ways to prevent yellow fever
D. the volunteer doctors lost their lives in the experiments
61. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The Spanish-American War
B. Say goodbye to yellow fever
C. Walter Reed and yellow fever
D. Medical achievements in the 19th century
D ★★★★☆
Shakespeare once called the English countryside “the precious stone set in the silver sea”— and he is not the last to sing high praises of its beauty and historical charm.
The countryside is particularly beautiful during the summer, especially in August and September. As one travels the countryside, you’ll find more of its treasures: so many plants and animals, romantic castles (城堡), secret gardens, and villages so unchanged in the last decades that they seem to have been caught under a fairy’s spell.
Must-sees include Derbyshire, called “the heart of England” and home to the National Park. The great peaks were the muse (创作灵感) of the Bronte sisters (and if you love the book Jane Eyre, you can visit North Lees hall, where the real Eyre family once lived).
History lovers will enjoy a visit to Lincoln city (its most famous son is Lord Alfred Tennyson). It is also known for its cathedral, the charming tea shops, a small castle. One would never guess its violent past — built by the Romans, it was once a center for arrow making.www.21-cn-jy.com
Harry Potter fans shouldn’t miss a visit to Alnwick, which is better recognized as the “Hogswarth” in the movies. 21世纪教育网版权所有
Let’s not leave out the Wessex region, where one can see one of England’s greatest mysteries, Stone Henge. You can also go to the City of Bath, which has been famous for its medicines springs since the Roman times. Other popular attractions include Salisbury Cathedral, the landscaped gardens of Stourhead, and the cobbled streets of Shaftesbury. This is also home to Oxford, one of the world’s most famous universities.
Art lovers will also like a visit to East Anglia, whose landscapes inspired the painter Constable (he was born in Dedham village). This is also home of the University City of Cambridge, and the famous architectural attraction, King’s College Chapel. Be sure to visit the aircraft museum of Duxford.
62. What was Shakespeare’s attitude towards the English countryside?
A. Uninterested.?????????? ? B. Dissatisfied. ???????????
C. Surprised.?? ?????????? D. Admiring.
63. According to the text, Lincoln city _____.
A. produced arrows in the past
B. will be enjoyed by music lovers
C. was the place where the Eyre family once lived
D. has one of the world’s most famous universities
64. When traveling the countryside, Harry Potter fans are advised to visit _____.
A. the Wessex region ?? B. Derbyshire???????? C. Yorkshire ??????????????? D. Alnwick
65. The text is most probably taken from _____.
A. a travel guide??? B. a book review????????21教育网
C. a history paper??? ?? D. a newspaper report【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you feeling anxious about your test next week? Here are some tips that will help you in dealing with stress and anxiety.【出处：21教育名师】
Study regularly
One of the most important ways of avoiding test anxiety is to prepare well in advance. Study regularly for a few hours every day. ?66 ?
Reduce study pressure
If students are not able to deal with anxiety or nervousness, they could talk to their teachers, student counselors (辅导员), parents or friends. Parents should also avoid pressurizing their kids to do well. ?67 ?Then your children can study without any tension (紧张). Another important point that arises here is neither the students nor the parents should compare the children with their other classmates and friends.
Physical fitness
?68 ?Many times due to anxiety students avoid sleep and starve themselves. They should sleep for at least 6-7 hours a day and eat nutritious(有营养的) and healthy food. Exercising regularly is equally important as talking to friends and socializing (社交).
?69?
Plan your studies well. Chart out a timetable and take proper breaks between studying. Along with the study time, allot (分配) time to relax and do what you love to do. Practicing simple breathing techniques will also help reduce stress.
?70 ?While it is important to gain good scores in tests, it is not the most important thing in life. Learning to deal with nervousness and stress will not only help them to do well in school tests, but also in their future life.
A. Prepare schedule
B. Listen carefully in class
C. Do not forget to eat and sleep properly.
D. It helps in increasing the confidence of students.www-2-1-cnjy-com
E. Create a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere at home.
F. Students should remember that tests are just a part of life.
G. Test and exam time causes a lot of nervousness in students.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。21教育名师原创作品
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
?????? 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
?????? 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Paul,
I am such glad that you are planning to take a summer course in China. Our school runs summer Chinese language courses at three levels, from beginning to advanced. Both the courses start in earlier July. Lesson will be given in small classes of no less than ten students. You will get a lot practice in such a class. All lessons are giving by teachers with rich experience in teach foreign students. Classes meet four hours in a day, five days a week — Monday through Friday. If you decided to come or need any further information, do let me know.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Yours,
Li Hua
?
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友杰克发来邮件说想了解中国的剪纸艺术。请你给他回一封邮件，简要介绍中国的剪纸艺术。内容包括：21教育网
地位
中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一
历史
有1500多年的历史，在明、清时期特别流行
用途
美化居家环境、春节和婚庆期间装饰门窗和房间、馈赠亲友
意义
红色的剪纸象征健康和兴旺
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：朝代 dynasty；美化 beautify；兴旺 prosperity
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in Chinese paper cutting. Now let me give you a brief introduction to it.www-2-1-cnjy-com2·1·c·n·j·y
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案:
21. countless ?????? 22. was listed ?????? 23. by ????????? 24. If ?????????? 25. left
26. They ????????????? 27. But ???????? 28. a ???? 29. that ???????? 30. undoubtedly
31-35 BCDCA ? 36-40 BBDDC ? ? ? 41-45 AABCD ? ? ? 46-50 BCADA
51-55 BDBBA ? ? 56-60 CBCBC ?????? 61-65 CDADA?????? 66-70 DECAF
短文改错：
71. I am such glad ...???? ??????????? such?→?so
72. Both the courses ...? ??????????? Both?→?All
73. ... in earlier July.????? ??????????? earlier?→?early　　21*cnjy*com【版权所有：21教育】
74. Lesson will be given ...??? ???? Lesson?→?Lessons
75. ... no less than ...?????????????????? less?→?more【版权所有：21教育】21·世纪*教育网
76. ... a lot practice ...???????????????? lot后加of21教育名师原创作品
77. ... lessons are giving ...??? ???? giving?→?given
78. ... in teach foreign students. ? teach?→?teaching
79. ... four hours in a day.???? ????? 去掉in
80. If you decided to ... ? ? ? ? ? ? decided?→?decide
One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in Chinese paper cutting. Now let me give you a brief introduction to it.
Paper cutting is one of?China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was particularly popular during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to increase the happy atmosphere. The colour most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolises health and prosperity. Chinese paper cuttings have become very popular all over the world and they are often given as presents to friends and relatives.21·cn·jy·com
Santa Fe
The capital of New Mexico, in the north-central part of the state northeast of Albuquerque. The Spanish established a settlement here c. 1609 on the site of ancient Native American ruins and developed it as a trade center over the next 200 years. Occupied by U.S. forces in 1846, it became territorial capital in 1851 and state capital in 1912. Population, 55,859.21世纪教育网版权所有
圣达菲：新墨西哥州首府，位于该州中北部，阿尔伯克基东北方。西班牙人于1609年在原美洲印第安人的废墟上建起了此住宅区，并在以后的200年里把它建成了一个贸易中心。它在1846年被美国部队占领，于1851年成为地区首府，并于1912年成为州首府。人口55,859
Stonehenge
巨石阵又称索尔兹伯里石环、环状列石、太阳神庙、史前石桌、斯通亨治石栏、斯托肯立石圈等名，是欧洲著名的史前时代文化神庙遗址，位于英格兰威尔特郡索尔兹伯里平原，约建于公元前4000～2000年（2008年3月至4月，英国考古学家研究发现，巨石阵的准确建造年代距今已经有4300年，即建于公元前2300年左右）21世纪教育网版权所有
在英国伦敦西南100多千米的索尔兹伯里平原上，一些巍峨巨石呈环形屹立在绿色的旷野间，这就是英伦三岛最著名、最神秘的史前遗迹—巨石阵。
　　公元1130年，英国的一位神父在一次外出时，偶然发现了巨石阵，从此这座由巨大的石头构成的奇特古迹，开始引起了人们的注意。
　　巨石阵的英文名字叫做“Stonehenge”。Stone意为“石头”，henge意为“围栏”（王同亿主编的《英汉辞海》：“henge，在英格兰发现的青铜时代的一种圆形构筑物（如木构），周围有埂和沟“）。 21教育网
　　在英国人的心目中，这是一个神圣的地方。
周口店北京人遗址
周口店位于北京西南50公里、房山城西5公里，地处山区和平原的衔接地带。周口店遗址在周口店镇以西的龙骨山上，遗址面积2平方公里。周口店遗址是我国出土古人类化石、文化遗物和古动物化石的考古遗址，内涵极为丰富，出土了大量的古人类化石、文化遗物和哺乳动物化石。经过半个多世纪的发掘，先后发现埋藏着不同时期的各类化石的地点7处，即第1、第3、第4、第13、第15、第22地点和山顶洞人遗址。地质时代从上早新世至晚更新世，年代范围从五百万年前到距今一万多年前为止。北京人头盖骨的发现，使周口店成为世界闻名的早期人类发祥地。在漫长的历史岁月中，这里曾生活着距今70万年至20万年前的北京人、距今10万年左右的新洞人、距今2.7万年前的山顶洞人。
　　1961年3月周口店北京人遗址被国务院公布为第1批全国重点文物保护单位；1987年12月11日，联合国教科文组织总干事签发证书，把周口店北京人遗址与我国的长城、北京故宫、秦陵、敦煌一起列入“世界文化遗产”清单。
　　周口店北京人遗址1921年开始发掘，1929年12月著名的古人类学家裴文中在周口店第一地点即猿人洞，挖掘出北京人第一具头盖骨充分证实了周口店确曾是远古人类的发祥地，从而确立了周口店在古人类发展史上的地位和史人类研究上的地位。21世纪教育网版权所有
　　到目前为止，共发现完整和比较完整的头盖骨六个，头骨破片12件，下额骨15件，牙齿157个，股骨断片7件，胫骨1件，肱骨3件，锁骨1件，月骨1件。全部骨骼分属40个男女老少不同的个体。根据这些骨骼化石可以了解到北京人在体态上的一个突出现象是肢骨比头骨进步，肢骨很像现代人，头骨则保留着很多原始性，如额骨低平，明显后倾；眉脊骨粗壮而且向前突出；面部较短，吻部前伸；下颌骨前部向后方倾斜。北京人的脑容量比现代人小，它的脑容量平均只有1059毫升，而现代人的脑容量则有1400毫升。根据推算，北京人男性身高约为1.56米，女性身高1.44米。“北京人”还保留着猿的特征，他们是从古猿类进化到现代人过程中的一个中间环节。“北京人”的生命是相当短的，据古人类专家估计，68.2％的人死在14岁之前，超过50岁的人仅占4.5％。北京人遗址还出土了97种哺乳动物化石和上万件石器。“灰烬层”的发现，说明“北京人”已经能够使用火。21教育网
　　山顶洞人是1930年被发现的。在1933年、1934年进行了系统发掘。出土的有3具古人类的头盖骨，还有盆骨和股骨等等。与古人类同时出土的还有：25件石器，磨光了的鹿角、140多件装饰品，如骨针，穿孔的贝壳、动物牙齿、河卵石；还有石珠和骨雕制品；以及33种哺乳动物的化石。在古人类学分期中，山顶洞人属晚期智人阶段，在体质特征上基本和现代人一样，脑容量约1300至1500毫升，正在现代人的脑容量变异范围内。男性身高1.74米、女性1.59米，也和现代人相当。研究表明，山顶洞人为原始的蒙古人种。
　　第4地点即新洞，此洞位于第1地点南约70米，1973年开始发掘，该地点发现了古人类的左上第一前臼齿，属早期智人，介于“北京人”与“山顶洞人”之间。与“新洞人”同时出土的还有少量石器，40多种哺乳动物化石。
　　第15地点，位于新洞东侧，相距10米，它是1932年被发现的，在1934至1937年期间被发掘。该地点出土了石器约1万件，哺乳动物化石达33种。
巧夺天工的英国巨石阵
英国的巨石阵（Stonehedge）位于伦敦西南面137公里处，可以称为英国的国家标志。早在四千年以前，这石阵便已屹立于此。古人兴建此石阵的原因及方式至今仍然是一个谜。21世纪教育网版权所有
巨石阵的主石群排列成圆环形似的马蹄铁状，在周边的石环，大部份还站于遗迹中，在这石环里还有一个比较小的石环。而这两个石环中有被称为「三石牌坊」（Trilithon）的史前建筑，即两个直立的巨石上横放著另一巨石（楣石）。
令人们感兴趣的，除了怎么令重达数公吨的楣石升至直立巨石的顶部之外，还有如何使楣石与直立巨石紧密接合。研究人员发现，由石柱顶部的凸出部份与楣石凹沟接合，与如今木匠所用的「入榫」技术如出一辙。而当时的人怎能准确的计算弧度，令楣石保持平衡、平放于石柱上，而且能够组成圆环形的巨石阵？
还有人发现，一年中大部份的日子，人们站在石阵的中央是看不见日出的。但是到了夏至，日出会在主石之后出现，此时此刻它会造成一个错觉：太阳被水平的放置在巨石之上。21教育网
二十世纪的天文学家霍金斯（Gerald Hawkins）认为，巨石阵就像一台原始的天文电脑，能预言日蚀、月亮和太阳等天文现象。其实世界上许多古老文明，都显示了当时的人对于研究天文，有异常的爱好，时常以星座、星球的位置来架构建筑物。太多类似的巧合，是否为古人想要留下来的信息？
苏州
苏州建城于公元前514年，吴王夫差的父亲阖闾命楚国叛将伍子胥建阖闾城，距今已有2500多年的历史了。春秋时期，这里是吴国的都城，至今还保留着许多有关西施、伍子胥等的古迹。隋开皇九年（公元589年）始称苏州，沿用至今。苏州城建城早，规模大，水陆并行，河街相邻，古城区至今仍坐落在原址上，为国内外所罕见。 ??? ? 苏州园林甲天下，已被列入世界文化遗产名录，在中国四大名园中，苏州就占有拙政园、留园两席；“吴中第一名胜”虎丘深厚的文化积淀，使其成为游客来苏州的必游之地；而唐朝诗人张继的一首《枫桥夜泊》，令古今游客争相来访枫桥，闻听寒山寺的钟声。 ??? ? 姑苏城外自然风光秀丽，灵岩、天平、天池和洞庭诸山，点缀于太湖之滨，形成了富有江南风情的湖光山色。 ???? 苏州既有园林之美，又有山水之胜，自然、人文景观交相辉映，加之文人墨客题咏吟唱，使苏州成为名副其实的“人间天堂”。