2024届高三英语一轮复习：非谓语之分词课件(共21张PPT)

(共21张PPT)
非谓语动词之分词
Nonfinite Verbs---participle
现在分词＆ 过去分词
考情分析：分词考点运用
一 语法填空备考方向 ：
How to Use Participle in grammar filling
二. 写作备考方向
How to Use Participle in your Writing ？
考点题型 现在分词
语法填空 2023 试卷类型 现在分词 考点
2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 wanting 现在分词作宾补
2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 visiting 现在分词作定语
2023·全国乙卷 Havingvisited 现在分词作状语
2023·全国甲卷 borrowing 现在分词作状语
2022 2022·新高考I卷 Covering 现在分词作状语
2022·全国甲卷 planning 现在分词作状语
2022·全国高考乙 inviting 现在分词作状语
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ falling 现在分词作定语
2021 2021新课标II卷 thinking 现在分词作状语
2021浙江卷1月 living 现在分词作定语
考点题型 过去分词
语法填空 2023 试卷类型 过去分词 考点
2023·新高考Ⅰ recognized 过去分词作后置定语
2023·1月浙江卷 surrounded 过去分词作定语
2023·全国乙卷 built 过去分词作定语
2023·全国甲卷 intended 去分词短语作定语
2022 2022·全国甲卷 held 过去分词作后置定语
2022·全国高考乙 shared 过去分词作定语
2021 2021新课标I astonished 过去分词作宾补
2021新课标II卷 excited 过去分词作表语
问题引领
你是否能写出分词的所有形式？
你是否了解现在分词一般式和完成式 之间差异，并能在具体语境中使用合适的形式？过去分词有几种形式？
你是否知道分词的句法功能？能否在语法填空中正确使用？
四. 你能否在写作中正确使用分词？
现在分词
2. 过去分词 ____________ 3. 思考否定形式？
4.现在分词和过去分词的区别
在语态上，现在分词表示 —— 动意义，过去分词表示 ——动意义；
在时态上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词——发生，过去分词表示的动作 ____________
在分词前加not
问题引领1：你能否熟练写出分词的所有形式？
问题引领2：你是否了解现在分词一般式和完成式之间差异，并能在具体语境中使用合适的形式？
用分词作状语改写句子
1. When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying
_____________ the bad news, they couldn’t help crying
_____________ many times, he still didn’t give up.
3._________the meal, he left the restaurant. (finish)
4.
2.Though he has failed many times, he still didn’t give up.
Having failed
Hearing
_____ (walk) in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
Walking
现在分词的一般式：doing
表示分词的动作和谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生
现在分词的完成式：having done表示分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生
判断的依据？
与谓语动词动作比先后
分词的句法作用
1)_____语 *The story is amusing.
*The cup is broken.
2)_____语
*They found the story amusing.
* They found the cup broken.
* He was often seen working in the fields.
*One of the glasses was found broken.
表
补
问题引领三 你是否知道分词的句法功能？
3)_____语
*They came into the room laughing and talking.
*He came into the room supported by his daughter.
4)_____语
*This is an amusing story.
*Throw away this broken cup.
状
Summary （小结） :
分词在句中作什么成分？
__________________________________________________________________________
如何判断？
分词作表语：放在________________之后
分词作定语 ：修饰______或_______ ,置前或后
分词作状语：置于一个完整的句子之前或之后，起到修饰句子作用。其逻辑主语应与句子主语______，若不一致，则为_________________结构
注意: 分词不能作_______状语，只能用不定式作目的状语
分词作补语：宾补置于宾语之后，对________起到解释说明作用
代词
系动词
名词
一致
独立主格
目的
宾语
表语 定语 状语 宾补
考点1 分词作状语
1.The man entered his house, _________ (follow) the dog.
.The man entered his house, _________ (follow) by his dog.
2. _______（finish）his homework, he was allowed to watch TV.
3.When ______ （ask）for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
4. _____________（use） with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
5.Weather _____(permit)(＝If the weather permits), we shall play the match tomorrow
6.The test_______( finish)(＝When the test was finished)，we began our holiday.
7.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）66._____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
8.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ______(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
1. following followed 2. Having finished 3. asked
4. UsedU5. permitting 6 finished/having been finished 7. Having visited 8. borrowing
独立主格结构作用：在句中充当状语； （5,6题）
特点：1. 独立主格结构主语不同于主句主语；它独立存在。
2. 独立主格结构的主语和后面的非谓语动词是主谓 关系或动宾关系。
3. 独立主格结构，一般有逗号和主句隔开。
考点1 分词作状语
Summary：
1)分词作状语是修饰句子的，分词可以作_________状语、_______状语、_______状语、________状语、_______状语，_________或___________状语等。（不能作_________状语）
2) 分词作状语要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持——。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的——动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的——动关系。
3)
a. 现在分词的一般式 doing： 分词动作与谓语动作————发生。
b. 现在分词的完成式having done： 分词动作发生在谓语动作之————.
c. 现在分词的完成被动式having been done：与句子主语之间为被动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前.
时间
条件
让步
原因
方式
结果
伴随
目的
一致
主
被
同时
前
考点2.现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作定语
完成短语：
a _____________（fly) bird（一只飞鸟）
a _____________（break) heart
（一颗破碎的心）
a ___________（fall) leaf （正在飘落）
a ___________（fall）leaf (已经落下)
a ____________（develop）country（发展中）
a _________（develop）country(发展过)
1.flying 2. broken
3.falling 4. fallen
5.developing
6.developed
语法填空1.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）Her work featured a giant Rubik’s cube. Each square of the cube showed things________(represent) Chinese history and contemporary development, such as the compass, traditional medicine books, the Great Wall, and the Shenzhou spaceship.
2.扬州中学2022-2023学年高三下学期入学测试】The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact ________ (date) back 5,000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up to now.
3，The houses____( build)now are for the teachers.
4.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）Shanghai may be the_____ 　　　　　 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighbouring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.
5.Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem ________ (call) caffeinism.6.（2023新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60._____(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
1.representing 2. dating
3. being built 4.recognized
5. called 6.visiting
Summary：
1）现在分词(短语)作定语表示___ 和____。
2）being done作定语, 表示________________动作。
3）过去分词作定语表示__ 和_______。
4）以下过去分词作定语只表示___，不表示被动: a fallen tree/leaf:
主动
进行
正在进行的被动动作
被动
完成
完成
1.I found a beggar ________ (stand) at the door. 2.He felt himself ____________ (cheat). 3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____ (want) more next time.
4.2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65．____ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
5.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）With his accomplishments widely ________ (acknowledge), Zheng He is remembered as one of China’s most influential explorers.
6.（2022·天津高三二模）With her attention _______（fix）on the book, the girl sat there quietly.
考点3 分词作宾补
1.standing 2. cheated
3. wanting 4. decorated
5. acknowleged 6. fixed
Summary:
1)现在分词作宾补时，动词
与宾语之间存在____关系，
且强调动作____。
2)过去分词作宾补时，动词
与宾语之间存在____关系。
3)with的复合结构：
①with＋宾语＋doing表示___
动或正在进行或存在的状态
②with＋宾语＋done表示
__动或完成；
随堂巩固练习
1.Not seeing or hearing any fire engines ________（approach）, Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran up the stairs.
2. When everyone came into the house, he was found ________（lie) on the floor.
approaching
lying
考点4.分词作表语
Please describe a dog that is ____________. 请描述一只令人害怕的狗。
Please describe a dog that is ____________. 请描述一只惊恐的狗。
作表语的现在分词 译为：____令人……的_________
作表语的过去分词 译为：_____________
frightening
frightened
令人……的
感到……的
2.（2020·浙江高三）The hairdresser showed me a book with so many diverse hair styles that I got _______(confuse)and didn't know which one to choose.
3 While waiting for the opportunity to get _____ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
即时检测：
1. （2020·全国高三）For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ______ (connect). （用单词适当形式填空）
2. （2022·江苏扬州市·仪征市第二中学高三月考）In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained_____________（stick）abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
3.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____(seat)as the plane was making a landing.
2.confused3promoted
即时检测
connected 2. stuck
stick-stuck-stuck
3. seated
Summary：1).现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”, 而过去分词作表语意为本身“感到……的”。
2).get, become, look, seem, appear等系动词后可跟动词-ed形式作表语, 表示被动或主语的状态。
补救练习：
1.White Cane Safety Day is a day of
the White Cane, a tool that allows
the visually impaired (障碍) people
to travel independently and
get ___36_ (identify) easily.
2.They may feel —— (leave)out.
四．2023高考真题实战演练：
wanting 2.visiting
3. Having visited 4. borrowing
5. recognized 6. surrounded
7.built 8. intended
identified
left
Sample 1:
Zhuhai is located in the south of China. It covers an area of 1,711 square kilometers and has a population of more than 1.6 million. It is considered as one of the most livable cities in our country.
Sample 2:
Located in the south of China, Zhuhai covers an area of 1,711 square kilometers. Considered as one of the most livable cities in our country, it has a population of more than 1.6 million.
Compare the two paragraphs
Located
Considered
The sentences are more concise(简明的)
and varied(多变的).
分词在写作中的应用
四、分词与写作：用分词改写下列句子：
1.The firefighters came here in time. They helped us a lot.
__________________________________________________________________
2.The island, which is joined to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.
___________________________________________________________________
3.Because I had experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn’t take much notice.
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4.Her mother died in 2015, and left her with her young brother.
____________________________________________________________________________
The firefighters came here in time， helping us a lot.
The island, joined to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.
Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn’t take much notice.
Dear Mr Jason， 用非谓语动词完成短文：
I'm Li Hua，a high school student. I am writing to apply for the
position ______________________________（刊登在网站上的）.
First of all,________________________________________________（学习了大约十年
英语）, I'm convinced that I have no difficulty in
___________________________________________________（与外国客人交流）.
Furthermore, ____________________________________（因为在这里出生并长大）, I'm familiar with the history and traditions of Shanxi Province. More importantly,_____________________________________________________________________（大家都认为我是一个善良、自信、外向的男孩）, I can make friends with different people in no time.
I would appreciate it if you could give me the precious chance. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
advertised on the website .
having studied English for about ten years,
communicating with foreign guests.
born and growing up here
considered as a kind, confident and outgoing boy,