人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions语法——过去分词课件(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
Grammar
过去分词作定语,状语和宾补
思考：什么是过去分词？
示例
一般 过去 过去分词 规则/不规则
dive dived dived 规则
fetch fetched fetched 规则
swell swelled swollen 不规则
see saw seen 不规则
过去分词______________
表被动/完成/状态
Part One
(过去分词用作定语)
a closed door
a broken window
a polluted river
Find out the rules:
归纳1：单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之____。
前
=The player _____ _____ ______ by many people is Yao Ming.
The player ____________________ is Yao Ming.
这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。
who
loved
is
loved by many people
归纳2：过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其修饰的名词之____，其作用相当于一个_________。
定语从句
后
a girl dressed in white
the fallen leaves
the falling leaves
2.V-ing 表动作正在进行, V-ed 表动作已经完成。
the boiled water
正在沸腾的水
烧开过的水
the boiling water
Summary
V-ed作定语规律总结
1. 过去分词可用作______，修饰___________。
2. 单个分词通常放所修饰词_____；分词短语放在所修饰词______；
3.修饰不定代词在其_____。
定语
名词或代词
之前
之后
之后
即时训练 1
However, a lot of young people consider him as a true hero.Some young people had their hair _____like him.His cruel behavior even had so many people ________(沉迷其中).
cut
addicted
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The ____________ (excite) people rushed into the building.
②Tell the children ____________ (play) outside not to make too much noise.
③All the ____________ (break) windows have been repaired.
(2)补全句子
④Our class went on ___________________ last Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
excited
playing
broken
an organized trip
⑤The books，___________________，are popular with many Chinese people. 鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多国人的喜爱。
written by Lu Xun
Part Two
(过去分词用作宾语补足语)
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：
某些及物动词（如make等）
+
直接宾语（名词或代词）
+
宾语补足语
Everyone calls him
(宾语)
(宾补)
(主语)
(谓语)
Tom.
概念：什么是宾语补足语？
宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语起____________的作用。
之后
补充说明
He found his new bike______.(steal)
stolen
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示______ 或______ 的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
被动
完成
小结1：
I saw him _______ by a dog. (bite)
bitten
Fill in the blank.
Tom found all his money ________(steal) on his way home.
stolen
过去分词用在感官动词___________________
__________等之后示______________________。
小结2：
see, watch, feel, find,
hear, notice
感受到某人或某物被……
Jack had his hair _______ yesterday. (cut)
cut
Fill in the blank.
I raised my voice to make myself _______. (hear)
heard
小结3：
过去分词用在__________________________等使役动词之后, 表示_________ 。
have, make, get, keep, leave
“使/ 让 …”
He won’t like the problem _____________ at the meeting. (discuss）
discussed
Fill in the blank.
The father wants his daughter __________dancing. (teach)
taught
小结4：
过去分词用于表示“____________”等意义的词后， 如：_______________________等,表示______________________。
希望,愿望或要求
want, wish, like, expect, order
“希望/要求某人或某事被做”
With many flowers __________ around the
building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
(plant)
planted
Fill in the blank.
The thief was brought in with his hands ________ behind his back.(tie)
tied
小结5：
过去分词用在“______ +宾语＋宾补”结构中。
with
Summary
这些词后常接V-ed作宾语补足语
I saw him bitten by a dog.
Jack has his hair cut yesterday.
The father wants his daughter taught dancing.
The thief was brought in with his hands tied
behind his back.
感官动词
使役动词
表“希望,要求”类动词
with +宾语＋宾补结构
即时训练2
However, a lot of young people consider him as a true hero.Some young people had their hair _____like him.His cruel behavior even had so many people ________(沉迷其中).
cut
addicted
①I heard my name ____________ (call) in the street.
②He tried to make himself ____________ (understand) by his students in class.
③He wanted his name ____________ (include) in the list.
④We must have our windows ____________ (repair) before winter comes，or we’ll freeze.
⑤With the task ____________ (complete)，we had a global travelling.
called
understood
included
repaired
completed
Part Three
(过去分词用作状语)
When water is heated, water turns into steam.
= heated, water turns into steam.
When
过去分词作时间状语
1.过去分词作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词 “when, while, until” 等，使其时间意义更明确。
Because he was exhausted, he fell fast asleep.
= exhausted, he fell fast asleep.
Because
Exhausted
过去分词作原因状语
2.过去分词作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
If I am given a time machine , I will pay a visit to the future.
= given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future.
If
过去分词作条件状语
3.过去分词作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Although he was laughed at by others, he still smiles at life.
= laughed at by others, he still smiles at life.
Although
过去分词作让步状语
4.过去分词作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。
The girl left, and she was followed by a little dog.
= The girl left, followed by a little dog.
过去分词作方式或伴随状语
5.过去分词作方式/伴随状语
过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。
即时训练：补全句子
However, a lot of young people consider him as a true hero.Some young people had their hair _____like him.His cruel behavior even had so many people ________(沉迷其中).
cut
addicted
________(raise) in the poorest area of India, he had a long, hard road to become a football star.
Children, when ________________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
___________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
_____________(translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
Raised
accompanied
Founded
Translated
1. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
此处为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，decorate与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填decorated。
decorated
2. (2016全国Ⅰ卷)I was the first Western TV reporter ___________(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
句中已有谓语was，故permit应作为非谓语动词；又因reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
permitted
3.(2015全国Ⅰ卷) Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers __________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
因句中已有谓语动词names(提名)，所以conduct应为非谓语动词；又由conduct a study /survey (进行研究/调查)可知，a study与conduct是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
conducted
4. (2015全国Ⅱ卷) The adobe dwellings (土
坯房) ______(build) by the Pueblo Indians of
the American Southwest are admired by…
因句中已有谓语动词are admired，所以build应为非谓语动词；又因The adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，加之有by的提示，可知用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填built。
built
5. (2014全国Ⅱ卷) There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _____________ (disappoint).
因looked作“看起来”解是系动词，故用作形容词用的过去分词disappointed充当表语，表示“感到失望的”。
disappointed
6. (2019山西太原二模) The children's TV show is so popular because it is one of the few that families can enjoy together without adults feeling _______ (bore).
在系动词feel后须接表语，表示人“感到无聊的”，用-ed分词作表语。
bored
7. (2018湖南邵阳) I was trying to stay ________ (focus) on a magazine article that truly interested me, but try as hard as I could, their energy kept distracting (使分心) me.
句中stay是作“保持”解的系动词，意为“保持专注”，用-ed分词作表语，表示状态。
focused
8. (2021山东潍坊期末) The giant stones that
form the outer circle, _______ (know) as sarsen
(砂岩) stones, each weigh as much as 50 tons!
分析句子成分可知, 空格处应作非谓语动词, 又
由be known as用法可知，应用过去分词作后置
定语，修饰giant stones。
known
9. (2021江苏盐城期中) This year, the city
will combine the Master Recycler and Climate Leaders programs to create a group _______ (call) Sustainability Leaders.
因句中已有谓语动词combine，故call应为非
谓语动词；又因group与call是被动关系，故
用过去分词作后置定语。
called
10. (2021浙江绍兴诊断性考试) It is a written form that unites the languages _______ (speak) in China.
spoken
句中已有谓语动词，因language与speak是被
动关系，作名词language的后置定语。
11. (2020福建福州期末) The word refers to the
act of making new items out of old or ______
(use) things or waste materials.
used
修饰后面的名词things, 用use的形容词形式used
(用过的)。
12. (2019湖南岳阳二模) That means paying
a high fee to get your smartwatch ________ (repair).
因your smartwatch与repair是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，也是have sth done结构。
13. (2019安徽宿州二模) Xia came out from an initial list of 10 nominees (被提名者) before three finalists were made _________ (know) to the public earlier this month.
因three finalists与know之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语。
repaired
known
14. (2020安徽芜湖期末) ___________ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less time.
因compared with/by (和……比起来)是固定词组。
Compared
三、写作运用请写一篇短文介绍李平找工作面试的情况,内容包括：
1.李平因为对那个工作感兴趣,决定去参加面试；
2.我告诉他,学过计算机是一种重要的资历,要为面试做好充分的准备；
3.面试那天,他被带到一间办公室,他向主考官自我介绍后,主考官问了他几个问题,并告诉他一有结果就会通知他；
4. 最终他没得到这个工作；
5. 他的面试失败一点也没让我感到惊讶, 因为他没作好准备导致他错失了这个机会。
[写作要求]
请使用动词-ed形式。
Interested in the job, Li Ping decided to take part in the job interview. I told him that having studied computer was an important qualification in the job interview and that a full preparation was needed for the interview. When the day came, brought into an office, he made himself known to the interviewers, and then he was asked a few questions.
He was told that they would keep him informed when the result came out. However, he didn’t get the job, but his failing in the job interview didn’t surprise me at all because his not having prepared for the interview made him miss the opportunity.
(二)
Giant pandas are black and white bears that live in temperate-zone bamboo forests in central China. Among the best recognized but 1 ______ (rare) animals in the world, they have come to symbolize endangered wildlife and 2 _________ (conserve) efforts.
The giant panda is listed 3 ______endangered in the World Conservation Union's (IUCN's) Red List of Threatened Animals. It is one of the most critically endangered 4 ________ ( species) in the world.
species
as
conservation
rarest
There are about 1,000 5 _____(leave) in the wild. About 140 pandas live in zoos and breeding centers around the world, mostly in China. Scientists are not sure how long giant pandas live in the wild, 6 _____ they are sure it is shorter than lifespans in zoos. Chinese scientists 7 _________ ( report) zoo pandas as old as 35 so far.
8 __________ ( current), the Chinese government in conjunction with the WWF are doing all 9 ______ is possible to save the giant panda. This includes further research 10 ______ how to continually increase their numbers.
on/into
that
Currently
have reported
but
left
(二) 本文介绍了中国在保护大熊猫方面所
做出的努力。
1. rarest 由与之并列的the best recognized(最被
认可)可知，rare也用最高级。
2. conservation 表示“保护努力”是conservation efforts，名词作定语，表示类别。
3. as 因be listed as…(被列为……)是固定搭配。
4. species 由one of 可知，要用名词的复数形式；又因species(种类；物种)的复数与单复数形式相
同，故填species。
5. left 因1,000(pandas)与leave是动宾关系，故用
过去分词形式作定语。句意：在野外环境中只剩下大约1000只大熊猫。
6. but 因“科学家并不确定大熊猫在野外环境中
寿命有多长”与“肯定比在动物园里寿命短”是转
折关系，故填but。
7. have reported 由so far可知，用现在完成时。
8. Currently 位于句首且有逗号分隔，说明是修饰全句的，用副词作状语。
9. that 当先行词是指事物的不定代词all时，引
导定语从句只能用that。
10. on/into 表示“关于……的研究”，research常与on或into搭配。