(共22张PPT)
Natural Disasters
——词汇讲解
disaster n. 灾难,灾害
eg: Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster.
近义词 adversity, hardship,misfortune, bad luck
disastrous adj.灾难的,极糟糕的
eg: A disastrous fire swept through the museum.
即学即练
The whole production was just a ________!
The new system has had a ________effect on product.
disaster
disastrous
同义词辨析
disaster, calamity, catastrophe, misfortune
这些名词均表示"灾难"或"不幸"之意。
disaster: 普通用词,指大破坏、痛苦或伤亡。
calamity: 多指个人的不幸,比disaster严重,强调灾难引起的悲痛以及对于损失的感觉。
catastrophe: 语气最强,指可怕的灾难,强调最终的结局。
misfortune: 普通用词,多批较为严重的不幸,强调不幸多由外界因素所致。
damage v.摧毁,毁灭;n.损害,伤害,不良影响
eg:Smoking seriously damages your health(v).
Let's take a look at the damage(n).
damaged adj.被损坏的
eg: Remove any damaged or wilted leaves.去掉烂叶和枯叶。
即学即练
The storm did no_________to the houses.
The _________condition is not severe.
damage
damaged
evacuate v.疏散,撤离,撤退
eg:Tell them you intend to evacuate the children.
evacuate to 撤退至,转移到
evacuate from 从.....撤退
evacuated tube 真空管
evacuator n. 排出器;抽空装置;撤退者
即学即练
She was evacuated ______Beijing for treatment.
people have been evacuated ______the earthquake.
to
from
death n. 死,死亡
eg: An accident caused the death of two passengers
put to death 杀死,处死
life after death 来世,来生
starve to death 饿死
deathful adj.致命的,像死一样的
die v. 死亡;枯萎
eg:She died quite unexpectedly.
die for 渴望,切望,为了…而死
dead adj. 死亡的;无生命的
dead adj. 无生命的,呆板 ;n 死者
eg: I feel pretty dead right now.
deadly adj. 致命的,致死的,枯燥的
deadline n.最后期限,截止日期
即学即练
The __________ for applications is 30 April.
The lecture was absolutely__________ .
deadline
deadly
affect v.影响,侵袭,深深打动
eg:Your opinion will not affect my decision.
affecting adj. 动人的,感人的
affected by 受到...的影响
affection n.感情,喜爱,影响
affective adj.情感的
即学即练
Her _________for him is deeply rooted
This article will ________ my thinking
_________ factors play a significant role in language learning.
Everyone on this planet affects and is _________ the ocean.
affection
affect
Affective
affected by
同义词辨析
affect, influence, impress
affect 作主语通常是物而不是人,指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。
influence 侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响,也可指自然力的影响。
impress 强调影响既深刻又持久。
shelter n. 避难所,遮盖物;v. 庇护, 避难,躲避
eg:The family had given shelter to an old people.
shelter oneself 为自辩解;给自己找借口;自我掩护;
shelter from 保护某人不受打击
take shelter 寻求庇护;避难
emergency shelter 应急避难所
ruin v.毁坏,破坏; n.毁坏; 废墟,残余部分
eg:The bad weather ruined our trip (n).
The ruins of the castle is valuable (v).
in ruins 成为废墟;严重受损的
ruin因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭,侧重破坏的彻底性,也可用于引申意义;
destroy彻底地、毁灭性地破坏,导致无用,不能或很难再修复的意味;
damage对无生命物体的损害,造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
辨别 ruin destroy damage
用ruin/destroy/damage完成句子。
1) The rainforests are being _________ at a frightening rate.
2) Many buildings were badly _________ during the war.
3) Her injury _________ her chances of winning the race.
destroyed
damaged
ruined
shock n.休克;震惊;v.使震惊;使惊愕;
eg: Her mother's death came as a great shock.
shocked adj. 惊愕,受震惊(形容人)
shocking. adj. 令人震惊的;可怕的(形容物或事)
即学即练
I was __________ to see him in rags
It was so __________, so out of line that I thought it a joke.
It was a__________ to see her looking so ill.
shocked
shocking
shock
即学即练
1) I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I _____________ (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
2) After the __________ news spread throughout the whole city, everyone felt ________. (shock)
3) She was __________ (震惊地) for about two weeks after the accident.
was shocked
shocking
shocked
in shock
trap n.陷阱,圈套; v.使陷入困境;卡住;夹住
She's too smart to fall into the trap of working without pay.
be trapped into (doing) sth 被迫做;被诱骗做
She had been trapped into saying something she did not mean.
breath: 呼吸
含breath的短语
hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁
catch one’s breath 恢复正常呼吸
effort: 努力
make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.
尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort 不遗余力; 尽力
with (an) effort 努力地
without effort 毫不费力地
“尽一切做某事”的表达:
try/do one’s best to do sth.
do all that sb. can to do sth.
do what sb. can to do sth.
as if 似乎;好像
eg: She looked as if she’d had some bad news.
They stared at me as if I was crazy.
It seems as if/as though... 似乎是……
as if/as though引导表语从句, 从句中用陈述语气或虚拟语气。
seem句型:
seem (to be)+adj./现在分词/过去分词/介词短语
好像……
seem to do/be doing/have done
好像要做/在做/已经做了……
It+seems/seemed(+to sb. )+that...(对某人来说)
好像……;似乎……
There seems to be... 好像有……
come to an end 结束
eg Everyone wishes the war would come to an end soon.
常见的含end的其它短语:
at the end of 在……末尾
bring/put sth. to an end 使……结束
by the end of 到……末
in the end 最后
on end 连续地