【精品解析】广东省东莞市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

广东省东莞市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、第一部分，阅读，第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读理解
Become a World Ride Ambassador
Are you interested in empowering women around the world through mountain biking Interested in going on a World Ride mountain biking trip Looking to make more connections within your local bike community If so, World Ride is looking for YOU!
For its second year, World Ride is looking to have 20 ambassadors help us spread our mission around the world!
The duties of ambassadors are as follows:
●Each ambassador is asked to raise $600 for World Ride over the course of this year
●Active on social media and/ or in your bike community and willing to recommend us to your friends, family and followers
●Willing to volunteer at / organize World Ride events in your area
●Be inclusive of all riders and working on creating an inclusive bike community
Ambassadors can be anyone! We are an organization whose mission is to empower women, but we encourage everyone to apply!
Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador:
●Discount codes（码）and prizes from our sponsors（赞助商）
●Discounts and possibly goodies（好东西）from World Ride
●Discount on one World Ride trip per year
●A network of amazing ambassadors from around the world
●Ability to meet and plan trips with other ambassadors
Additional notes are below:
We're looking for people who are experienced fundraisers; in your application please include examples of what you have done before for fundraisers. Don't have experience Have no fear! World Ride provides training to ambassadors on how to fundraise!
For fundraising this year, we set up a fundraising rewards system——the more you help us, the more you receive!
Applications are now open. The deadline for applying is February 18. Get in touch if you have questions about our ambassador program！
1．What is one responsibility of a World Ride ambassador
A．To raise money for World Ride.
B．To lead a group of 20 followers.
C．To give online courses on bike riding and safety.
D．To organize World Ride events in foreign countries.
2．What will one get out of being a World Ride ambassador
A．Job offers from big companies.
B．One World Ride trip at a discount a year.
C．Free biking equipment from World Ride.
D．Opportunities to enter national competitions.
3．To be a World Ride ambassador, one must ____.
A．be a woman rider
B．apply before February 18
C．be an experienced fundraiser
D．design a fundraising rewards system
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一则宣传广告。宣传招聘一年一度的骑行大使。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
1．细节理解题，根据Each ambassador is asked to raise $600 for World Ride over the course of this year每位大使被要求在今年为"世界骑行"筹集600美元。可知他们的职责之一就是为世界骑行筹集资金；故答案为A。
2．细节理解题。根据 Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador:成为世界骑行大使的好处:Discount on one World Ride tripper year每年一次世界之旅优惠.可知一年一次的世界之旅有折扣；故答案为 B。
3．推理判断题。根据Applications are now open. The deadline for applying is February 18. 申请现已开放。申请截止日期为2月18日。 可知想参加的人必须在2月18日前申请；故答案为B。
阅读理解
As far as I could tell, there was only one problem with this year's Super Bowl. The Green Bay Packers weren't green. They were blue. And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color, I had read enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys (运动衫) worn by the Green Bay Packers were green, not blue.
"Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl,"my dad suggested.
"The colors aren't right, Dad," I said. "I'm sure of it."
Eventually Dad agreed. "I'll get a repairman tomorrow," he said. It was a minor annoyance, but it somehow cast a pall over our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities. This was highly anticipated Super Bowl, and we were watching it on our super new color TV. It was supposed to be super.
Just a few minutes before kickoff, my big brother Bud arrived with Craig, a college friend. Craig looked at the TV for a moment. "I think your tint (色调) is off a little," he said. He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons. Suddenly our color TV was black and white. He reached behind the TV again. He must have found the right button, because a moment later color was restored — and perfected. The Green Bay Packers were in their traditional green and gold uniforms. The field was green, the sky was blue and it was a Super Sunday, indeed.
It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor adjustment can make. A well-placed nail or a tweak (拧) of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can change everything. The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters. While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired, it's amazing how often a simple smile, a kind word, or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking, improve our mood, and make everything seem, you know, super.
4．About what did the author disagree with his dad
A．Which channel to watch.
B．Which sports team would win.
C．Whether the colors on the screen were wrong.
D．Whether the players' uniforms were fit for the event.
5．What does the underlined phrase "cast a pall over" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Replaced. B．Witnessed. C．Ensured. D．Damaged.
6．What does the author think of Craig's behavior
A．It took too long.
B．It saved much money.
C．It made matters even worse.
D．It breathed new life into the show.
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Always put yourself in others' shoes.
B．It is important to learn basic life skills.
C．A small act can make a big difference.
D．Learn to smile through life's imperfections.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者由自家电视色彩的调试想到：一个小小的举动往往可以产生很大的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
4．推理判断题。根据And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color, I had read
enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys (运动衫) worn by the Green Bay Packers
were green, not blue."Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl,"my dad suggested."The colors aren't right, Dad," I said. "I'm sure of it."尽管我以前从未看过现场直播的职业橄榄球比赛，但我从订阅的《体育画报》上读到的内容足以让我知道绿湾包装工队穿的深色球衣是绿色的，而不是蓝色的。"也许这是他们为超级碗做的特别的事情，"爸爸建议道。"爸爸，颜色不对，"我说。"我敢肯定。"可知他们就是否屏幕上的颜色不对有了分歧； 故答案为 C。
5．词义猜测题。根据上文 It was a minor annoyance, 这只是个小烦恼，再根据 but一转折，可知这个小烦恼却破环了our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities我们对赛前庆祝活动的愉悦，短语 cast a pall over 的意思为"损坏"；故答案为D。
6．推理判断题。根据Just a few minutes before kickoff, my big brother Bud arrived with Craig, a college friend. Craig looked at the TV for a moment. "I think your tint (色调) is off a little," he said. He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons. Suddenly our color TV was black and white. He reached behind the TV again. He must have found the right button
, because a moment later color was restored — and perfected. 就在开球前几分钟，我的哥哥巴德和大学朋友克雷格来了。克雷格看了一会儿电视。"我觉得你的肤色有点不太好，"他说。他把手伸到电视机后面，开始摸索着找纽扣。突然我们的彩电变成了黑白的。他又把手伸到电视后面。他一定是找到了正确的按钮，因为不一会儿颜色就恢复了——而且很完美。可知克雷格让电视上的直播节目有了正常色彩，作者一家可以开心看电视节目了； 故答案为D。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章结构：分总；最后一段 It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor
adjustment can make. A well-placed nail or a tweak (拧) of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can
change everything. The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters. While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired, it's amazing how often a simple smile, a kind word, or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking, improve our mood, and make everything seem, you know, super. 这让我很惊讶——从那以后也经常如此——小小的调整能带来多大的不同。一个知道自己在做什么的人，一个合适的钉子或一个按钮的调整(拧)可以改变一切。同样的原则也适用于人际关系。虽然有些伤害无法轻易修复，但令人惊讶的是，一个简单的微笑，一句友善的话语，或一个温柔的触摸，往往能改变我们的思维方式，改善我们的情绪，让一切看起来都很棒。可知作者想告诉我们：一个小小的举动可以产生很大的影响。 故答案为C。
阅读理解
This will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft (垂直起降飞机), popularly known as flying taxis. Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production, getting ready for the first passenger services.
Air taxis generally carry fewer than half a dozen passengers. They land and take off vertically using multiple small rotors (旋翼). With clever software controlling the rotors, they are easier to fly and readily capable of autonomous flight. The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety, as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail.
Some designs use an extra rotor or two at the back to push the aircraft along during flight. Others, like that produced by Joby Aviation, have rotors like a set of small wings providing lift, making more efficient use of the aircraft's battery and increasing range.
After thinking hard about how to certify(授予专业合格证) these flying machines, regulators(监管者) have been working with developers on safety standards. This is a multi-stage process. Besides obtaining "type" approval, which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft, factories must be certified before production can begin in volume. And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be panies are working hard to get these approvals. Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights.
In Germany, Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs. The firm is hoping its smallest, the two-seater VoloCity, can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris, where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village. Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in Paris, or at the World Expo, which takes place in Japan in 2025.
8．What can make eVTOL aircraft safer
A．Fewer passengers. B．Smarter software.
C．More rotors. D．Smaller wings.
9．What can we say about the certifying process of eVTOL aircraft
A．Efficient. B．Complicated. C．Confusing. D．Creative.
10．What does Volocopter expect of its VoloCity
A．It will defeat air taxis from other firms.
B．It will participate in the next World Expo.
C．It will conduct piloted operations in 2025.
D．It will provide services for the 2024 Olympics.
11．Which would be the best title for the text
A．The future of transportation
B．The development of flying craft
C．A green vehicle takes flight
D．The air taxi is coming
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．D
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了空中出租车很快就会出现在我们的生活中了。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
8．细节理解题。根据 The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety, as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail
. 大量的旋翼也有助于提高安全性，因为如果一个或多个旋翼失灵，飞机可以继续飞行。可知为了安全他们使用了更多的旋翼。 故答案为 C。
9．推理判断题。根据After thinking hard about how to certify(授予专业合格证) these flying machines, regulators(监管者) have been working with developers on safety standards. This is a multi-stage process. Besides obtaining "type" approval, which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft, factories must be certified before production can begin in volume. And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be panies are working hard to get these approvals. Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights.在认真考虑了如何认证这些飞行器之后，监管机构一直在与开发人员合作制定安全标准。这是一个多阶段的过程。除了获得"型号"批准(表明一种新型飞机的适航性)之外，工厂在开始批量生产之前还必须获得认证。如果要载运付费乘客，还需要航空公司的执照。公司正在努力获得这些批准。预计在自动飞行之前，有人驾驶操作将得到批准。可知eVTOL飞机的认证过程是复杂的，难处理的；故答案为B。
10．细节理解题。根据 Germany, Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs. The firm is hoping its smallest, the two-seater VoloCity, can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris, where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village.在德国，Volocopter将对一系列evtol进行飞行测试。该公司希望其最小的双座汽车VoloCity能在2024年巴黎奥运会前获得认证，计划在巴黎奥运会上运营机场和运动员村之间的交通。可知期望它将为2024年奥运会提供服务；故答案为D。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章结构：总分总；第一段 This will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off
and landing (eVTOL) aircraft (垂直起降飞机), popularly known as flying taxis. Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain
the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production, getting ready for the first passenger services. 对于开发电动垂直起降飞机(eVTOL)的先驱者来说，今年将是重要的一年，这种飞机通常被称为飞行出租车。几家公司希望他们的飞船能在2023年获得必要的认证，开始商业生产，为第一次客运服务做好准备。以及最后一段Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in
Paris, or at the World Expo, which takes place in Japan in 2025. 其他空中出租车公司也希望在巴黎或2025年在日本举行的世博会上提供服务。可知文章的中心主题就是空中出租车就要来了。故答案为D。
阅读理解
"Who's a good reader It's you, isn't it " This is a typical example of "parentese (父母语)." Recent research suggests that parents speaking parentese to their babies can give their language development a serious boost. In the study, researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills.
Parentese is distinct from conventional baby talk, which mostly relies on silly sounds and made-up words. In the 1960s, scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children. This language was characterized by simple words and grammar, high pitch (音调) and a much slower speed. The baby-directed speech was first named "motherese" before it was called "parentese."
Later research showed parentese is grammatically correct, with real words and phrases, which helped babies differentiate between words and process what was being said. "We've known for some time that use of parentese is associated with improved language outcomes, but we didn't know why," says Patricia K. Kuhl, the study's senior author. But Kuhl thinks the new research suggests why parentese helps babies learn language skills.
"We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain," she says. "Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond."
All 71 families in the new study had their children equipped with a special coat with an audio recorder built in. During four separate weekends when the babies were 6, 10, 14 and 18 months old, the researchers recorded all of the interactions between family members and the babies. The 48 families who were randomly selected for a course in parentese learned about ways to include more parentese in conversation.
And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study, the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills. Beyond that, those babies had a 100-word vocabulary compared with the control group, who only knew 60 words at 18 months
12．Which aspect of the study does paragraph 1 focus on
A．Its aim. B．Its result.
C．Its procedure. D．Its participants.
13．What did scientists find about parentese in the 1960s
A．It was easy to follow.
B．It was unique to mothers.
C．It was full of made-up words.
D．It was similar to traditional baby talk.
14．What does Kuhl say about parentese
A．It teaches babies more social skills.
B．It inspires babies to speak more.
C．It has short-term effects on babies.
D．It helps babies differentiate words and phrases.
15．Which of the following describes the 48 families
A．The parents knew more parentese skills.
B．Their babies grasped 60 words at 18 months.
C．The parents failed to use parentese through the study.
D．Their babies received more coaching on a 100-word vocabulary.
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；科普类；学习教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。讲述了婴幼儿通过正确的父母语可以提高他们沟通的能力，甚至可以提高他们的长期语言技能。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
12．细节理解题。根据 In the study, researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills.最近的研究表明，父母对孩子说父母话可以大大促进他们的语言发展。在这项研究中，研究人员发现，教父母如何说正确的父母语可以提高他们与孩子沟通的能力，甚至可以提高孩子的长期语言技能。可知这段主要是研究的结果；故答案为B。
13．推理判断题。根据 In the 1960s, scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children. This language was characterized by simple words and grammar, high pitch (音调) and a much slower speed. 在20世纪60年代，研究不同语言的语言模式的科学家注意到，成年人对幼儿的称呼有一种独特的风格。这种语言的特点是单词和语法简单，音调高，语速慢得多。可知这种语言很容易理解和模仿；故答案为A。
14．细节理解题。根据 "We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain," she says. "Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond."她说:"我们现在认为，父母语之所以有效，是因为它对婴儿的大脑是一种社会吸引力。""它的高音调和较慢的速度具有社交吸引力，并邀请婴儿做出回应。"可知帕特里夏·k·库尔认为它能激励婴儿多说话； 故答案为 B。
15．推理判断题。根据 And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study,
the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills. 尽管所有参与研究的家庭在研究开始时都使用了某种形式的父母语，但接受指导的父母的孩子在谈话技巧方面表现出最大的进步。可知这些父母掌握了更多的育儿技巧 故答案为 A。
二、第一部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and mood through the coming week, would you do it？Research says that it can. 　16． 　 Try a few of these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.
●Get plenty of sleep. The importance of sleep to your brain's health just can't be overstated. Ideally，you shouldn't ever be short of sleep, which can affect everything from your mood to your cognitive（认知的）function. 　17． 　 You can do this by sleeping late, but you don't have to. Naps(午睡）create big brain benefits, and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.
●Get outside. Spending time in nature benefits your brain and your general health. So unless the weather is really bad, plan for some time outdoors. 　18． 　 A park where you're surrounded by trees and other plants works too.
●　19． 　 When you're working during the week, it may be hard to spend as much time socializing with friends and family as you might like. So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most.
●Do something fun that's outside your normal routine. This change requires creativity, but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make. 　20． 　 That's because, when you break out of normal routine, your brain is awake and active.You'll remember that part of your weekend better, and you'll face the week with greater energy and creativity.
A. The key is to plan ahead.
A. Spend time with people you like.
C. Think back to the last time you had a small outing.
D. You don't have to travel to forests to experience the benefits.
E. It will make your weekends more memorable and enjoyable.
F. The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.
G. But if you' ve fallen behind on sleep during the week, use the weekend to catch up.
【答案】16．F；17．G；18．D；19．B；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了几个小小的改变可以让你的周末更有意义，更好。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
16．根据上文If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and
mood through the coming week, would you do it？Research says that it can. 如果改变你的周末习惯可以提高你在接下来一周的效率和情绪，你会这么做吗 研究表明可以。以及下文Try a few of
these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.试着在你的日常生活中增加一些东西，看看它们对你有什么效果。可知空白处需要一个过渡句：你需要彻底打乱你的生活常； 选项F. The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.好消息是，你不需要做出巨大的改变。符合题意； 故答案为F。
17．根据下文You can do this by sleeping late, but you don't have to. Naps(午睡）create big brain
benefits, and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.你可以通过晚睡来做到这一点，但你不必这样做。小睡对大脑有很大的好处，周末是小睡的最佳时间。可知空白处需要承上启下的过渡句：假如工作日因为种种原因睡眠不足，那就利用周末补上； 选项G. But if you' ve fallen behind
on sleep during the week, use the weekend to catch up.但是如果你在工作日睡眠不足，那就利用周末补上。符合题意； 故答案为G。
18．根据上文So unless the weather is really bad, plan for some time outdoors. 所以，除非天气真的很糟糕，否则还是计划一些户外活动吧。 以及下文 A park where you're surrounded by trees
and other plants works too.一个被树木和其他植物包围的公园也可以。可知空白处需要过渡句：你没有必要去很远地方的森林里； 选项D. You don't have to travel to forests to experience the
benefits. 你不需要到森林里去体验这些好处。符合题意； 故答案为D。
19．根据下文When you're working during the week, it may be hard to spend as much time
socializing with friends and family as you might like. So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most. 当你在工作日工作时，可能很难花那么多时间与朋友和家人交往。所以周末花点时间和你最在乎的人在一起吧。可知空白处需要的主题句为：与你喜欢的人一起度周末。 选项B. Spend time with people you like.花时间和你喜欢的人在一起。符合题意； 故答案为B。
20．根据上文Do something fun that's outside your normal routine. This change requires
creativity, but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make. 做一些在日常生活之外的有趣的事情。这种改变需要创造力，但它可能是你能做出的最令人愉快的小改变。可知空白处需要对上文进行总结：这样做让你的周末更好； 选项E. It will make your weekends more
memorable and enjoyable. 它会让你的周末更加难忘和愉快。符合题意； 故答案为E。
三、第二部分，英语知识运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was cooking dinner when my cell phone rang. My friend Anna called because her car 21． and her two kids were hungry and tired. She asked if I could go and 22． the kids while she was waiting for the car service.
I asked my husband to 23． cooking dinner and then started my car. As I was driving to my 24． , fog formed and thickened. After picking up the kids, I had to 25． in thick fog.
The children were my responsibility and I couldn't help but be 26． . I tried to put on a brave front as I drove in almost zero 27． . Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see and my anxiety began to 28． . I knew I had to pull over, but I couldn't even see the lines on the road. I drove as 29． as possible, going to the right where I thought the 30． might be. I stopped and reached for my phone, only to realize I had left it at home. While I was 31． what to do, flashing lights in my rearview mirror (后视镜) caught my attention. It was a huge relief to see a police car getting 32． . The police officer asked for my address, 33． me to follow him and guided us home. Before I found time to 34． him, he had disappeared into the darkness.
All I could do was be 35． in my heart.
21．A． turned around B． sped up
C． pulled off D． broke down
22．A． visit B． assess C． fetch D． praise
23．A． put aside B． take over
C． pay for D． talk about
24．A． company B． property C． destination D． residence
25．A． drive B． wander C． escape D． check
26．A． patient B． nervous C． polite D． curious
27．A． visibility B． gravity C． effort D． waste
28．A． change B． return C． disappear D． peak
29．A． slowly B． blindly C． directly D． exactly
30．A． shelter B． tree C． shoulder D． light
31．A． learning B． remembering
C． wondering D． explaining
32．A． smarter B． brighter C． cleaner D． closer
33．A． forced B． instructed C． promised D． inspired
34．A． persuade B． interview C． thank D． invite
35．A． hopeful B． welcome C． determined D． grateful
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．C；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．D
【知识点】日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在浓雾夜晚开车得到无私警察帮助的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：我的朋友安娜打电话来是因为她的车坏了，她的两个孩子又饿又累。根据下文while she was
waiting for the car service. 她在等修车服务的时候。 可知安娜开的车在路上出故障了；A：turned
around转身， B： sped up加速， C： pulled off脱离， D： broke down出故障 ； 故答案为D。
22．句意：她问我能不能在她等修车服务的时候去接孩子。根据上文 My friend Anna called because her
car broke down and her two kids were hungry and tired. 的朋友安娜打电话来是因为她的车坏了，她的两个孩子又饿又累。可知作者的朋友打电话希望作者帮她接回她的孩子，帮忙照顾一下； A：visit访问，B：assess评估，C：fetch（去）拿回来，D：praise 赞扬 ； 故答案为C。
23．句意：我让我丈夫接管做饭，然后我发动了我的车。根据上文I was cooking dinner when my cell
phone rang. 我正在做晚饭，这时我的手机响了。 再根据作者要去接安娜的两个孩子回来，可知作者只能把做晚饭的任务交给自己的丈夫来完成；A：put aside搁置，B：take over 接管，C：pay for支付，D：talk about 谈论 ；故答案为B。
24．句意：当我开车去目的地时，雾开始形成并变得越来越浓。根据作者从家里出发去安娜孩子所在的地方， 可知出门作者的目的地是：安娜孩子所在的地方； A：company公司， B： property 物业，C：destination目的地， D：residence住所 ；故答案为C。
25．句意：接完孩子后，我不得不在浓雾中开车。根据上文作者开车去接孩子，可知她接到孩子后，会开车带着孩子回家吃晚饭； A：drive开车， B：wander游荡， C：escape 逃跑，D：check 检查；故答案为A。
26．句意：孩子们是我的责任，我忍不住紧张起来。根据上文After picking up the kids, I had to drive in thick fog. 接完孩子后，我不得不在浓雾中开车。 可知这样的环境开车很不安全，可知作者会紧张； A： patient有耐心的； B： nervous紧张， C： polite 礼貌，D： curious 好奇 ； 故答案为B。
27．句意：在能见度几乎为零的情况下，我试图装出一副勇敢的样子。根据上文 I had to drive in thick
fog. 我不得不在浓雾中开车。可知在这种环境中主要是能见度差，A：visibility 能见度，B：gravity 重力，C： effort努力， D： waste浪费 ； 故答案为A。
28．句意：不久，雾变得越来越浓，我几乎什么也看不见，我的焦虑开始达到顶峰。根据句意"不久，雾变得越来越浓，我几乎什么也看不见"，这种情况下是不可以开车行驶，但两个孩子肚子饿了， 可知这时作者的焦虑是最大的； A：change变化，B：return回归，C：disappear消失，D：peak 达到最大值 ；故答案为D。
29．句意：我知道我必须靠边停车，但我甚至看不到路上的线。我尽可能开得慢一点，朝我认为可能是路肩的右边开去。根据上文 Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see不久雾就浓了，我几乎什么也看不见了。 可知在路上行驶的作者只能慢慢的靠边停车； A： slowly 慢慢地，B： blindly盲目地， C： directly 直接地，D： exactly 完全正确 ； 故答案为A。
30．句意：我尽可能开得慢一点，朝我认为可能是路肩的右边开去。根据道路上行驶的车辆需要停车时只能停靠路肩或者紧急停车道 ， 可知空白处需要"路肩，紧急停车道" A： shelter庇护所， B： tree树， C： shoulder路肩，紧急停车道， D： light 光； 故答案为C。
31．句意：当我在不知道该怎么办的时候，后视镜里闪烁的灯光引起了我的注意。根据上文I stopped and
reached for my phone, only to realize I had left it at home. 我停下来，伸手去拿手机，才意识到我把它忘在家里了。可知作者没有手机，在浓雾弥漫的道路上找不到求助的对象了，她不知道该怎么办了； A：learning学习，B：remembering记忆，C：wondering 不知道，疑惑，D：explaining 解释； 故答案为C。
32．句意：看到一辆警车越来越近，我松了一口气。根据下文The police officer asked for my address
警察要了我的地址， 可知作者看到的是警察开的警车的车灯，这辆车越来越近，最后开到了他们所在的位置， A： smarter更聪明， B： brighter 更明亮，C： cleaner更干净， D： closer 更近； 故答案为D。
33．句意：警察要了我的地址，让我跟他走，带我们回家。根据The police officer asked for my address
…to follow him and guided us home.警官要了我的地址，……然后带我们回家。可知 警察告诉作者他将在前面带路指引他们回家；A： forced强迫， B：instructed 引导，指示，C： promised承诺， D： inspired激励 ； 故答案为B。
34．句意：我还没来得及感谢他，他就消失在黑暗中了。根据上句"警察要了我的地址，让我跟他走，带我们回家。" 以及本句he had disappeared into the darkness. 他就消失在黑暗中了。 可知作者已经在警察的帮助下平安到家，按理作者应该感谢这位热心的警察，可他走了； A： persuade说服， B： interview 面试，C： thank感谢， D： invite邀请 ； 故答案为C。
35．句意：我所能做的就是在心里感恩。根据上文"我还没来得及感谢他，他就消失在黑暗中了。" 可知 帮助自己的人没有当面感谢，只有把感激之情记在心里，A： hopeful希望， B： welcome 欢迎，C： determined决心， D： grateful感激 ； 故答案为D。
四、第二部分，英语知识运用，第二节，单句语法填空，根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）
36． Defining the carbon cycle on Mars is 　 　 (absolute) the key to trying to understand how life could fit into that cycle.
【答案】absolutely
【知识点】构词法；副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：确定火星上的碳循环绝对是试图理解生命如何适应这个循环的关键。根据修饰短语the key要用副词， 可知空白处需要形容词absolute 的副词形式absolutely； 故答案为absolutely。
【点评】考查副词的用法。注意修饰短语the key要用副词。
37． So far the main thing many large retailers have done in 　 　 (respond) to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly.
【答案】response
【知识点】固定短语；构词法
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，许多大型零售商针对这一切所做的主要事情是开设网上商店，这样人们就会直接来找他们。根据固定搭配： in response to 作为回应；可知空白处需要动词respond 的名词形式 response；故答案为response。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意固定搭配： in response to 作为回应。
38．　 　 (compare) to people living a few generations ago, we have greater opportunities to have a good time.
【答案】Compared
【知识点】固定短语；分词
【解析】【分析】句意：与几代人以前的人相比，我们有更多的机会享受美好时光。根据句子结构 have是谓语动词，空白处需要非谓语作状语，再根据固定搭配：compare sb/sth to 把某人[某物] 与……相比； 可知空白处需要该短语的变形：be compared to ,非谓语省略了be动词； 故答案为Compared。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意固定搭配：compare sb/sth to 把某人[某物] 与……相比的；该短语的变形：be compared to。
39． Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did 　 　 he could to assist the Chinese people.
【答案】what
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管处境艰难，白求恩大夫还是尽力帮助中国人民。根据固定句式：sb did/does what sb can to do 某人尽他所能来做某事；可知空白处需要what引导宾语从句； 故答案为what。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：sb did/does what sb can to do 某人尽他所能来做某事。
40． A group of old people sat under a big tree, 　 　 (chat) over a cup of tea.
【答案】chatting
【知识点】分词；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：一群老人坐在一棵大树下，边喝茶边聊天。根据句子结构sat谓语动词，空白处需要非谓语表示伴随 sat 的状语， 可知空白处需要动词chat 的现在分词chatting（要双写"t"） 故答案为chatting。
【点评】考查现在分词。注意现在分词做伴随状语。
41． Nobody but Mary and Mike 　 　 (invite) to attend yesterday's press conference.
【答案】was invited
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意： 除了玛丽和迈克没有人被邀请参加昨天的记者招待会。 根据主谓一致原则：由but连接的两部分作主语时，谓语要与 but之前的部分 Nobody一致，谓语要用单数。再根据固定搭配：invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事,可知空白处需要短语的被动形式：be invited to，yesterday是过去的时间，空白处需要过去时的单数被动语态was invited ；故答案为was invited。
【点评】考查主谓一致，过去时的被动语态。注意由but连接的两部分作主语时，谓语要与 but之前的部分一致；固定搭配：invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事。
42． The measure would make New Zealand the first country 　 　 (have) farmers pay for emissions from farm animals.
【答案】to have
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 这项措施将使新西兰成为第一个让农民为农场动物排放买单的国家。 根据英语语法原则：名词country受序数词the firs修饰时，其后面只需要接非谓语的不定式作定语， 可知空白处需要动词have 的不定式to have； 故答案为to have。
【点评】考查动词不定式作定语。注意英语语法原则：名词country受序数词the firs修饰时，其后面只需要接非谓语的不定式作定语
43． I find 　 　 challenging to follow Professor Brown's lecture because he speaks too fast.
【答案】it
【知识点】固定句式；it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我发现跟上布朗教授的讲课很有挑战性，因为他讲得太快了。 根据固定句式：Sb find it adj to do…某人发现做某事……可知空白处缺少形式宾语it； 故答案为it。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：Sb find it adj to do…某人认为做某事……。
44． "Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will 　 　 turn make cities greener," said Dan Hill.
【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意： 希尔说："让城市更智能是一条出路，我认为这反过来会让城市更环保。"根据句子结构 will make 为宾语从句的谓语，空白处需要turn 构成的短语作状语，固定短语in turn（反过来，作为回报）符合题意，可知空白缺少介词 in，故答案为in。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定短语in turn反过来，作为回报。
45． On the other hand, scientific 　 　 (theory) cannot be predicted; they must be formulated and confirmed.
【答案】theories
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 另一方面，科学理论是无法预测的;它们必须得到认真阐述和确认。 根据名词的数上下文要一致，下文主语they（复数代词） 代指上文主语，可知空白处需要名词theory 的复数形式theories； 故答案为theories。
【点评】考查复数名词。注意文章中名词的数上下文要一致；名词theory 的复数形式theories。
五、第二部分，英语知识运用，第三节，语篇填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。
The Baihetan hydropower plant, China's second largest hydropower facility on the upstream branch of the Yangtze river, was 　46． 　 (formal) completed on Tuesday after the last generating unit was connected.
The plant is estimated to generate 62.44 billion kilowatt-hours annually, 　47． 　 could save about 90 million tons of coal a year and cut annual carbon dioxide emissions (排放) by about 248 million tons.
Baihetan is one of six huge hydropower 　48． 　 (station) along the Yangtze river, China's longest. The Three Gorges Corporation, the project's developer, has described the 289-meter dam (大坝) and 　49． 　 (it) associated facilities as one of the country's biggest and 　50． 　 (challenging) engineering projects.
Construction began in 2017, with a total investment 　51． 　 (estimate) at 170 billion yuan. As 　52． 　 major project in China's west-east power transmission (输送) program, it will deliver electricity across the country 　53． 　 cities in the east.
China goes on 　54． 　 (construct) hydropower plants in the southwest, despite a long and severe drought in the summer of 2022 that saw generation volumes drop, forcing regions 　55． 　 (limit) power consumption.
【答案】46．formally；47．which；48．stations；49．its；50．most challenging；51．estimated；52．a；53．to；54．constructing；55．to limit
【知识点】说明文；其他类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了白鹤滩水电站。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
46．句意：白鹤滩水电站是中国长江上游的第二大水电设施，在最后一台发电机组接入后，于周二正式完工。根据形式谓语动词was completed 要用副词， 可知空白处需要形容词formal 的复数形式 formally； 故答案为formally。
47．句意：据估计，该电厂每年可发电624.4亿千瓦时，每年可节省约9000万吨煤炭，每年可减少约2.48亿吨二氧化碳排放。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，可知这里的关系代词指上文整件事，要用which ； 故答案为which。
48．句意：白鹤滩是中国最长的长江沿岸六大水电站之一。根据固定搭配：one of +复数名词， 可知 空白处需要名词station的复数形式stations； 故答案为stations。
49．句意：该项目的开发商三峡公司将这座289米高的大坝及其配套设施描述为中国最大、最具挑战性的工程项目之一。根据修饰名词associated facilities（配套设施）要用形容词， 可知空白处需要主格代词it 的形容词性的物主代词its ； 故答案为its。
50．句意：该项目的开发商三峡公司将这座289米高的大坝及其相关设施描述为中国最大、最具挑战性的工程项目之一。根据and 前后结构一致， the country's biggest用的是形容词的最高级， 可知空白处需要形容词challenging的最高级most challenging； 故答案为most challenging。
51．句意：2017年开工建设，总投资估计为1700亿元。根据 a total investment与动词estimate之间是被动关系，可知空白处需要动词estimate 的过去分词estimated 做宾补 ； 故答案为estimated。
52．句意：作为中国西电东输工程的一个重大项目，它将把全国各地的电力输送到东部城市。根据 project是单数可数名词，这里强调是一个主要的项目，可知 空白处需要表示数量"一"的冠词a； 故答案为a。
53．句意：作为中国西电东输工程的一个重大项目，它将把全国各地的电力输送到东部城市。根据固定搭配：deliver sth to 把某物送到……可知空白处需要介词to ； 故答案为to。
54．句意：尽管2022年夏季的长期严重干旱导致发电量下降，迫使各地区限制电力消耗，但中国仍在西南地区建设水电站。根据固定搭配：go on doing 继续做某事，可知空白处需要动词construct 的现在分词 constructing； 故答案为constructing。
55．句意：尽管2022年夏季的长期严重干旱导致发电量下降，迫使各地区限制电力消耗，但中国仍在西南地区建设水电站。根据固定搭配：force sb to do使某人做某事； 可知科比需要动词limit 的不定式to limit 作宾补 ； 故答案为to limit。
六、第二部分，英语知识运用，第四节，单词考查, 根据括号内中文或首字母提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。（共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分）
56． Currently, many students are a　 　 to video games, which is very harmful to their growth.
【答案】addicted
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 目前，许多学生沉迷于电子游戏，这对他们的成长是非常有害的。 根据 建议"许多学生……电子游戏，这对他们的成长是非常有害的"，可知空白处需要形容词构成三个词的表示不好的短语，以"a"开头形容词addicted（ 成瘾的，上瘾的）构成的短语；are addicted to （沉溺于）符合题意； 故答案为addicted。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意短语；are addicted to （沉溺于）。
57． The news websites u　 　 the content of their webpages constantly to provide readers with the latest news.
【答案】update
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： 新闻网站不断更新网页内容，为读者提供最新的新闻。 根据句意"为读者提供最新的新闻" 可知这些网站只有不断更新才能做到，以"u"开头的（更新）update，在句子中作谓语， 故答案为update。
【点评】考查动词。注意以"u"开头的（更新）update。
58． They have huge amounts of work to do every day, but they never c　 　 about the workload.
【答案】complain
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： 他们每天都有大量的工作要做，但他们从不抱怨工作量大。 根据句意"他们每天都有大量的工作要做，但他们从不……工作量大。" 可知空白处需要"抱怨，厌烦"动词作谓语与 have一致要用一般现在时，以"c"开头的动词complain（抱怨，投诉 ）符合题意；故答案为complain。
【点评】考查动词。注意上下文时态要一致；以"c"开头的动词complain（抱怨，投诉 ）。
59．This sunny weather is not t　 　 of Britain, where it's usually rainy or cloudy in spring.
【答案】typical
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 这种晴朗的天气并不是英国的典型天气，英国的春天通常是阴雨连绵。 根据句意"这种晴朗的天气并不是英国的……天气，英国的春天通常是阴雨连绵"，空白处需要与usual同义或近义词， 可知以t开头的形容词为typical（典型的，有代表性的；一贯的，平常的）符合题意； 故答案为typical。
【点评】考查形容词。注意t开头的形容词为typical（典型的，有代表性的；一贯的，平常的）。
60． Sichuan food, f　 　 the hot taste, is widely welcomed across the country.
【答案】featuring
【知识点】分词
【解析】【分析】句意： 四川菜以辣为特色，在全国广受欢迎。 根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语做主语的定语，说到川菜大家都会想到它以麻辣为特色， 可知空白处需要"以……为特色"的现在分词，以" f"开头的为featuring； 故答案为featuring。
【点评】考查现在分词作定语。注意以" f"开头的为featuring"以……为特色"。
61．During the outbreak of Covid-19, many companies adopted f　 　 working hours to ensure the safety.
【答案】flexible
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 新冠肺炎疫情期间，很多企业采取弹性工作制保障安全。 根据修饰名词 hours需要名词，再根据句意"新冠肺炎疫情期间，很多企业采取……工作制保障安全"人们那时可以在家远程办公，有条件的可以去办公室办公，，可知空白处需要"灵活，弹性的"以"f"的形容词为flexible； 故答案为flexible。
【点评】考查形容词。注意"灵活，弹性的"以"f"的形容词为flexible。
62． Every time I saw the old photo, it r　 　 me of my happy childhood memories.
【答案】reminded
【知识点】固定短语；动词的固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意： 每次看到这张老照片，它就让我想起童年的快乐回忆。 根据固定搭配：remind sbof sth使某人想起某事；再根据谓语saw过去时，空白处需要过去时态做主句的谓语， 可知空白处以"r"开头的动词为remind，过去时reminded； 故答案为reminded。
【点评】考查固定搭配，一般过去时。固定搭配：remind sbof sth使某人想起某事。
63． According to Dr. Smith, many d　 　 can be prevented through regular exercise and a healthy diet.
【答案】diseases
【知识点】名词辨析；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 根据史密斯博士的说法，许多疾病可以通过经常锻炼和健康饮食来预防。 根据 many后面要接复数名词，再根据句意"根据史密斯博士的说法，许多……可以通过经常锻炼和健康饮食来预防" 可知空白处需要的名词为"疾病"以"d"开头的名词为disease 复数形式diseases；故答案为diseases。
【点评】考查复数名词。注意 many后面要接复数名词。
64． There's also satisfaction which comes from being a 　 　(志愿者）, or just from national pride.
【答案】volunteer
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 作为一名志愿者，或者仅仅是民族自豪感，也会带来满足感。 根据不定冠词 a 后面要用单数可数名词，可知汉语为"志愿者"的单数可数名词volunteer。 故答案为volunteer。
【点评】考查名词。注意不定冠词 a 后面要用单数可数名词。
65． He wrote a very 　 　 (正式的) letter of apology to Jim.
【答案】formal
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 他给吉姆写了一封非常正式的道歉信。 根据修饰名词 letter要用形容词， 可知空白处需要汉语为"正式的"的形容词formal； 故答案为formal。
【点评】考查形容词。注意修饰名词 letter要用形容词；汉语为"正式的"的形容词formal。
66． We should shoulder the 　 　(责任）as a group.
【答案】responsibility
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 我们应该作为一个群体承担责任。 根据定冠词the 后面要用名词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"责任"的名词responsibility； 故答案为responsibility。
【点评】考查名词。注意定冠词the 后面要用名词；"责任"的名词responsibility。
67． To come to China, one of the early cradles of 　 　(文明), has long been my dream and therefore, I fell very honored to be your guest.
【答案】civilization
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 访问中国这个文明的发祥地是我长久以来的梦想，因此我很荣幸能成为你们的客人。 根据介词 of 后面要用名词， 可知汉语意思"文明"的名词civilization不可数名词， 故答案为civilization。
【点评】考查名词。注意介词 of 后面要用名词；"文明"的名词civilization不可数名词。
68． The government claims that the law will overcome centuries of exclusion, at last giving the children of the poor 　 　(平等的）access to education.
【答案】equal
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 政府声称这项法律将克服几个世纪以来的排斥，最终给予穷人的孩子平等的受教育机会。 根据修饰名词access 要用形容词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"平等的"的形容词equal； 故答案为equal。
【点评】考查形容词。注意修饰名词access 要用形容词；"平等的"的形容词equal。
69． For others (me included), the cloud is where we 　 　(下载）movies and stream television shows.
【答案】download
【知识点】一般现在时；构词法
【解析】【分析】句意： 对其他人(包括我)来说，云是我们下载电影和流媒体电视节目的地方。 根据句子结构where引导表语从句，空白处需要动词作谓语，时态与is 一致要用一般现在时， 可知空白处需要汉语意思为"下载"的动词原形download； 故答案为download。
【点评】考查动词。注意汉语意思为"下载"的动词原形download。
70． It's 　 　(违法的）to drive a car without a driver's license.
【答案】illegal
【知识点】固定句式；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 没有驾驶执照开车是违法的。 根据固定句式：It's + 形容词+to do. 可知空白处需要汉语意思为"违法的"的形容词illegal； 故答案为illegal。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：It's + 形容词+to do. "违法的"的形容词illegal。
71． The theme park you are possibly most 　 　(熟悉的）with is Disneyland.
【答案】familiar
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪斯尼乐园。 根据句子结构are possibly（副词） most+多音节形容词 ，再根据固定搭配：be familiar with熟悉；可知空白处需要汉语意思"熟悉的"的形容词familiar； 故答案为familiar。
【点评】考查形容词。注意固定搭配：be familiar with熟悉。
72． The doctor said it was only a slight wound. What a 　 　(宽慰）！
【答案】relief
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 医生说只是个轻伤。真是松了一口气！ 根据不定冠词 a 后面需要单数可数名词，可知空白处需要汉语意思"宽慰"的可数名词relief； 故答案为relief。
【点评】考查名词。注意不定冠词 a 后面需要单数可数名词；"宽慰"的可数名词relief。
73． He has the 　 　(潜力）to become a world-class musician.
【答案】potential
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 他有成为世界级音乐家的潜力。 根据定冠词the 后面需要名词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"潜力"的名词potential，potential也可以作形容词"潜在的，可能的"；故答案为potential。
【点评】考查名词。注意定冠词the 后面需要名词；潜力"的名词potential，potential也可以作形容词"潜在的，可能的"。
74． She felt 　 　(尴尬的) about undressing in front of the doctor.
【答案】embarrassed
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意： 她在医生面前脱衣服感到不好意思。 根据句意"感到不好意思"空白处需要形容词， 可知汉语意思"尴尬的"的形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬，感到不好意思）；embarrassing（ 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的）；空白处需要ed形容词；故答案为embarrassed。
【点评】考查ed形容词。注意尴尬的"的形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬，感到不好意思）；embarrassing（ 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的）。
75． You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to 　 　(消化).
【答案】digest
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 饭后你应该留出一点时间让食物消化。 根据固定搭配：allow a little time to do留出一点时间去做；可知空白处需要动词原形，汉语意思"消化"的动词digest； 故答案为digest。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配：allow a little time to do留出一点时间去做；"消化"的动词digest。
七、第三部分写作，第一节（满分 15 分）
76． 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tom 对中国文化特别感兴趣，希望你能给他一些建议。请你根据以下提示写一封 email。1. 借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化； 2. 和中国朋友多沟通。
参考词汇：经典作品 classic
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I'm delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest. In response to your request, I'd like to share some suggestions with you.
Being exposed to Chinese newspapers and TV programs will provide you with easy access to authentic Chinese culture. Additionally, reading classics will deepen your understanding of it. Last but not least, it is a wise choice to make more Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible. You'll be amazed at your remarkable progress.
I do hope that my advice will be helpful to you. If you have any problems, please don't hesitate to ask me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文回信。要求考生以李华 的身份给你的英国朋友 Tom写一封关于怎么了解中国文化的建议。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，（分享了解中国文化的建议）；
第二段：具体建议（1. 借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化； 2. 和中国朋友多沟通。 ）；
第三段： 期望和祝愿（我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题，请尽管来问我。）。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构I'm delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest.（宾语从句）， If you have any
problems, please don't hesitate to ask me.（条件状语从句）让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇response to ；easy access to 和固定短语provide you with，Last but not least,提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
八、第三部分写作，第二节（满分25分）
77． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my brother's idea. Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday. It would make her happy. I thought it was a good idea, as Mom had always wanted to own a dog. By the time our conversation ended, I had my task: find our mother a dog.
After a careful search, I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper. A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！ All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call.
The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs.
When the day arrived, I got into my brother's car. We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street. As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫声）. Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window. We climbed onto the porch(门廊) and rang the doorbell.
A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door. As I reached to shake his hand, I could see the puppies behind him, running to get to us. Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck.
We met the man's wife, who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home. We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother. There were four puppies and four visitors; the man handed each of us a dog. Three of the puppies looked up at us with large, curious eyes. The fourth one, who I was holding, began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one! He's the one! Look how lovely he is!" I said. As far as I was concerned, it was a done deal.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【答案】My brother wasn 't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. We spent the next hour sitting on the floor playing with a group of puppies. Finally, we settled on a different puppy for our mom. He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality. He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. We signed the paperwork and agreed on the pick-up date.
Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her. It took a moment for Mom to be aware of him, and then she began to cry. She knelt on the floor and pulled the dog into her arms. As she kissed him, she looked up through her tears and said, "This is the best birthday gift I've ever got". Hearing that, my brother and I looked at each other and smiled.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写；日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者和哥哥一起为自己的母亲准备了一条小狗作为生日礼物，他母亲非常喜欢。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我哥哥不太确定，建议我们花点时间去了解它们所有五个。"可知，第一段可描写作者与哥哥一起观察这些小狗，最终选择了一条他们都中意的小狗。②由第二段首句内容"两周后，我们把狗领回来，藏在妈妈打开生日礼物的客厅角落里。"可知，第二段可描写作者在母亲生日那天让小狗不经意的跑到母亲身边，母亲高兴极了。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality.运用了并列句；He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. 运用了限制性定语从句；Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her.运用了时间状语从句和宾语从句。
1 / 1广东省东莞市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、第一部分，阅读，第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读理解
Become a World Ride Ambassador
Are you interested in empowering women around the world through mountain biking Interested in going on a World Ride mountain biking trip Looking to make more connections within your local bike community If so, World Ride is looking for YOU!
For its second year, World Ride is looking to have 20 ambassadors help us spread our mission around the world!
The duties of ambassadors are as follows:
●Each ambassador is asked to raise $600 for World Ride over the course of this year
●Active on social media and/ or in your bike community and willing to recommend us to your friends, family and followers
●Willing to volunteer at / organize World Ride events in your area
●Be inclusive of all riders and working on creating an inclusive bike community
Ambassadors can be anyone! We are an organization whose mission is to empower women, but we encourage everyone to apply!
Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador:
●Discount codes（码）and prizes from our sponsors（赞助商）
●Discounts and possibly goodies（好东西）from World Ride
●Discount on one World Ride trip per year
●A network of amazing ambassadors from around the world
●Ability to meet and plan trips with other ambassadors
Additional notes are below:
We're looking for people who are experienced fundraisers; in your application please include examples of what you have done before for fundraisers. Don't have experience Have no fear! World Ride provides training to ambassadors on how to fundraise!
For fundraising this year, we set up a fundraising rewards system——the more you help us, the more you receive!
Applications are now open. The deadline for applying is February 18. Get in touch if you have questions about our ambassador program！
1．What is one responsibility of a World Ride ambassador
A．To raise money for World Ride.
B．To lead a group of 20 followers.
C．To give online courses on bike riding and safety.
D．To organize World Ride events in foreign countries.
2．What will one get out of being a World Ride ambassador
A．Job offers from big companies.
B．One World Ride trip at a discount a year.
C．Free biking equipment from World Ride.
D．Opportunities to enter national competitions.
3．To be a World Ride ambassador, one must ____.
A．be a woman rider
B．apply before February 18
C．be an experienced fundraiser
D．design a fundraising rewards system
阅读理解
As far as I could tell, there was only one problem with this year's Super Bowl. The Green Bay Packers weren't green. They were blue. And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color, I had read enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys (运动衫) worn by the Green Bay Packers were green, not blue.
"Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl,"my dad suggested.
"The colors aren't right, Dad," I said. "I'm sure of it."
Eventually Dad agreed. "I'll get a repairman tomorrow," he said. It was a minor annoyance, but it somehow cast a pall over our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities. This was highly anticipated Super Bowl, and we were watching it on our super new color TV. It was supposed to be super.
Just a few minutes before kickoff, my big brother Bud arrived with Craig, a college friend. Craig looked at the TV for a moment. "I think your tint (色调) is off a little," he said. He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons. Suddenly our color TV was black and white. He reached behind the TV again. He must have found the right button, because a moment later color was restored — and perfected. The Green Bay Packers were in their traditional green and gold uniforms. The field was green, the sky was blue and it was a Super Sunday, indeed.
It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor adjustment can make. A well-placed nail or a tweak (拧) of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can change everything. The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters. While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired, it's amazing how often a simple smile, a kind word, or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking, improve our mood, and make everything seem, you know, super.
4．About what did the author disagree with his dad
A．Which channel to watch.
B．Which sports team would win.
C．Whether the colors on the screen were wrong.
D．Whether the players' uniforms were fit for the event.
5．What does the underlined phrase "cast a pall over" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Replaced. B．Witnessed. C．Ensured. D．Damaged.
6．What does the author think of Craig's behavior
A．It took too long.
B．It saved much money.
C．It made matters even worse.
D．It breathed new life into the show.
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Always put yourself in others' shoes.
B．It is important to learn basic life skills.
C．A small act can make a big difference.
D．Learn to smile through life's imperfections.
阅读理解
This will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft (垂直起降飞机), popularly known as flying taxis. Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production, getting ready for the first passenger services.
Air taxis generally carry fewer than half a dozen passengers. They land and take off vertically using multiple small rotors (旋翼). With clever software controlling the rotors, they are easier to fly and readily capable of autonomous flight. The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety, as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail.
Some designs use an extra rotor or two at the back to push the aircraft along during flight. Others, like that produced by Joby Aviation, have rotors like a set of small wings providing lift, making more efficient use of the aircraft's battery and increasing range.
After thinking hard about how to certify(授予专业合格证) these flying machines, regulators(监管者) have been working with developers on safety standards. This is a multi-stage process. Besides obtaining "type" approval, which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft, factories must be certified before production can begin in volume. And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be panies are working hard to get these approvals. Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights.
In Germany, Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs. The firm is hoping its smallest, the two-seater VoloCity, can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris, where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village. Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in Paris, or at the World Expo, which takes place in Japan in 2025.
8．What can make eVTOL aircraft safer
A．Fewer passengers. B．Smarter software.
C．More rotors. D．Smaller wings.
9．What can we say about the certifying process of eVTOL aircraft
A．Efficient. B．Complicated. C．Confusing. D．Creative.
10．What does Volocopter expect of its VoloCity
A．It will defeat air taxis from other firms.
B．It will participate in the next World Expo.
C．It will conduct piloted operations in 2025.
D．It will provide services for the 2024 Olympics.
11．Which would be the best title for the text
A．The future of transportation
B．The development of flying craft
C．A green vehicle takes flight
D．The air taxi is coming
阅读理解
"Who's a good reader It's you, isn't it " This is a typical example of "parentese (父母语)." Recent research suggests that parents speaking parentese to their babies can give their language development a serious boost. In the study, researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills.
Parentese is distinct from conventional baby talk, which mostly relies on silly sounds and made-up words. In the 1960s, scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children. This language was characterized by simple words and grammar, high pitch (音调) and a much slower speed. The baby-directed speech was first named "motherese" before it was called "parentese."
Later research showed parentese is grammatically correct, with real words and phrases, which helped babies differentiate between words and process what was being said. "We've known for some time that use of parentese is associated with improved language outcomes, but we didn't know why," says Patricia K. Kuhl, the study's senior author. But Kuhl thinks the new research suggests why parentese helps babies learn language skills.
"We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain," she says. "Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond."
All 71 families in the new study had their children equipped with a special coat with an audio recorder built in. During four separate weekends when the babies were 6, 10, 14 and 18 months old, the researchers recorded all of the interactions between family members and the babies. The 48 families who were randomly selected for a course in parentese learned about ways to include more parentese in conversation.
And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study, the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills. Beyond that, those babies had a 100-word vocabulary compared with the control group, who only knew 60 words at 18 months
12．Which aspect of the study does paragraph 1 focus on
A．Its aim. B．Its result.
C．Its procedure. D．Its participants.
13．What did scientists find about parentese in the 1960s
A．It was easy to follow.
B．It was unique to mothers.
C．It was full of made-up words.
D．It was similar to traditional baby talk.
14．What does Kuhl say about parentese
A．It teaches babies more social skills.
B．It inspires babies to speak more.
C．It has short-term effects on babies.
D．It helps babies differentiate words and phrases.
15．Which of the following describes the 48 families
A．The parents knew more parentese skills.
B．Their babies grasped 60 words at 18 months.
C．The parents failed to use parentese through the study.
D．Their babies received more coaching on a 100-word vocabulary.
二、第一部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and mood through the coming week, would you do it？Research says that it can. 　16． 　 Try a few of these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.
●Get plenty of sleep. The importance of sleep to your brain's health just can't be overstated. Ideally，you shouldn't ever be short of sleep, which can affect everything from your mood to your cognitive（认知的）function. 　17． 　 You can do this by sleeping late, but you don't have to. Naps(午睡）create big brain benefits, and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.
●Get outside. Spending time in nature benefits your brain and your general health. So unless the weather is really bad, plan for some time outdoors. 　18． 　 A park where you're surrounded by trees and other plants works too.
●　19． 　 When you're working during the week, it may be hard to spend as much time socializing with friends and family as you might like. So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most.
●Do something fun that's outside your normal routine. This change requires creativity, but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make. 　20． 　 That's because, when you break out of normal routine, your brain is awake and active.You'll remember that part of your weekend better, and you'll face the week with greater energy and creativity.
A. The key is to plan ahead.
A. Spend time with people you like.
C. Think back to the last time you had a small outing.
D. You don't have to travel to forests to experience the benefits.
E. It will make your weekends more memorable and enjoyable.
F. The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.
G. But if you' ve fallen behind on sleep during the week, use the weekend to catch up.
三、第二部分，英语知识运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was cooking dinner when my cell phone rang. My friend Anna called because her car 21． and her two kids were hungry and tired. She asked if I could go and 22． the kids while she was waiting for the car service.
I asked my husband to 23． cooking dinner and then started my car. As I was driving to my 24． , fog formed and thickened. After picking up the kids, I had to 25． in thick fog.
The children were my responsibility and I couldn't help but be 26． . I tried to put on a brave front as I drove in almost zero 27． . Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see and my anxiety began to 28． . I knew I had to pull over, but I couldn't even see the lines on the road. I drove as 29． as possible, going to the right where I thought the 30． might be. I stopped and reached for my phone, only to realize I had left it at home. While I was 31． what to do, flashing lights in my rearview mirror (后视镜) caught my attention. It was a huge relief to see a police car getting 32． . The police officer asked for my address, 33． me to follow him and guided us home. Before I found time to 34． him, he had disappeared into the darkness.
All I could do was be 35． in my heart.
21．A． turned around B． sped up
C． pulled off D． broke down
22．A． visit B． assess C． fetch D． praise
23．A． put aside B． take over
C． pay for D． talk about
24．A． company B． property C． destination D． residence
25．A． drive B． wander C． escape D． check
26．A． patient B． nervous C． polite D． curious
27．A． visibility B． gravity C． effort D． waste
28．A． change B． return C． disappear D． peak
29．A． slowly B． blindly C． directly D． exactly
30．A． shelter B． tree C． shoulder D． light
31．A． learning B． remembering
C． wondering D． explaining
32．A． smarter B． brighter C． cleaner D． closer
33．A． forced B． instructed C． promised D． inspired
34．A． persuade B． interview C． thank D． invite
35．A． hopeful B． welcome C． determined D． grateful
四、第二部分，英语知识运用，第二节，单句语法填空，根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）
36． Defining the carbon cycle on Mars is 　 　 (absolute) the key to trying to understand how life could fit into that cycle.
37． So far the main thing many large retailers have done in 　 　 (respond) to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly.
38．　 　 (compare) to people living a few generations ago, we have greater opportunities to have a good time.
39． Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did 　 　 he could to assist the Chinese people.
40． A group of old people sat under a big tree, 　 　 (chat) over a cup of tea.
41． Nobody but Mary and Mike 　 　 (invite) to attend yesterday's press conference.
42． The measure would make New Zealand the first country 　 　 (have) farmers pay for emissions from farm animals.
43． I find 　 　 challenging to follow Professor Brown's lecture because he speaks too fast.
44． "Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will 　 　 turn make cities greener," said Dan Hill.
45． On the other hand, scientific 　 　 (theory) cannot be predicted; they must be formulated and confirmed.
五、第二部分，英语知识运用，第三节，语篇填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空。
The Baihetan hydropower plant, China's second largest hydropower facility on the upstream branch of the Yangtze river, was 　46． 　 (formal) completed on Tuesday after the last generating unit was connected.
The plant is estimated to generate 62.44 billion kilowatt-hours annually, 　47． 　 could save about 90 million tons of coal a year and cut annual carbon dioxide emissions (排放) by about 248 million tons.
Baihetan is one of six huge hydropower 　48． 　 (station) along the Yangtze river, China's longest. The Three Gorges Corporation, the project's developer, has described the 289-meter dam (大坝) and 　49． 　 (it) associated facilities as one of the country's biggest and 　50． 　 (challenging) engineering projects.
Construction began in 2017, with a total investment 　51． 　 (estimate) at 170 billion yuan. As 　52． 　 major project in China's west-east power transmission (输送) program, it will deliver electricity across the country 　53． 　 cities in the east.
China goes on 　54． 　 (construct) hydropower plants in the southwest, despite a long and severe drought in the summer of 2022 that saw generation volumes drop, forcing regions 　55． 　 (limit) power consumption.
六、第二部分，英语知识运用，第四节，单词考查, 根据括号内中文或首字母提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。（共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分）
56． Currently, many students are a　 　 to video games, which is very harmful to their growth.
57． The news websites u　 　 the content of their webpages constantly to provide readers with the latest news.
58． They have huge amounts of work to do every day, but they never c　 　 about the workload.
59．This sunny weather is not t　 　 of Britain, where it's usually rainy or cloudy in spring.
60． Sichuan food, f　 　 the hot taste, is widely welcomed across the country.
61．During the outbreak of Covid-19, many companies adopted f　 　 working hours to ensure the safety.
62． Every time I saw the old photo, it r　 　 me of my happy childhood memories.
63． According to Dr. Smith, many d　 　 can be prevented through regular exercise and a healthy diet.
64． There's also satisfaction which comes from being a 　 　(志愿者）, or just from national pride.
65． He wrote a very 　 　 (正式的) letter of apology to Jim.
66． We should shoulder the 　 　(责任）as a group.
67． To come to China, one of the early cradles of 　 　(文明), has long been my dream and therefore, I fell very honored to be your guest.
68． The government claims that the law will overcome centuries of exclusion, at last giving the children of the poor 　 　(平等的）access to education.
69． For others (me included), the cloud is where we 　 　(下载）movies and stream television shows.
70． It's 　 　(违法的）to drive a car without a driver's license.
71． The theme park you are possibly most 　 　(熟悉的）with is Disneyland.
72． The doctor said it was only a slight wound. What a 　 　(宽慰）！
73． He has the 　 　(潜力）to become a world-class musician.
74． She felt 　 　(尴尬的) about undressing in front of the doctor.
75． You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to 　 　(消化).
七、第三部分写作，第一节（满分 15 分）
76． 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tom 对中国文化特别感兴趣，希望你能给他一些建议。请你根据以下提示写一封 email。1. 借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化； 2. 和中国朋友多沟通。
参考词汇：经典作品 classic
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
八、第三部分写作，第二节（满分25分）
77． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my brother's idea. Let's get Mom a pet dog for her birthday. It would make her happy. I thought it was a good idea, as Mom had always wanted to own a dog. By the time our conversation ended, I had my task: find our mother a dog.
After a careful search, I finally found an ad for dogs in a local newspaper. A nearby family had a dog who had just given birth to five male puppies（小狗）！ All had had their first vaccines（疫苗），and would be ready to leave their mom in a few weeks.I gave them a call.
The man who answered the phone listened patiently to my story and set a date for us to meet the dogs.
When the day arrived, I got into my brother's car. We pulled up in front of some houses that sat along a narrow street. As we stepped onto the sidewalk，we were greeted by noisy barks（吠叫声）. Four dogs had positioned themselves on the back of a sofa and were watching us through a large window. We climbed onto the porch(门廊) and rang the doorbell.
A tall man with graying hair and a kind smile opened the door. As I reached to shake his hand, I could see the puppies behind him, running to get to us. Each puppy wore a different color string around his neck.
We met the man's wife, who wore a similar friendly smile and welcomed us to her home. We met the puppies' parents and then set about the business of selecting a friend for our mother. There were four puppies and four visitors; the man handed each of us a dog. Three of the puppies looked up at us with large, curious eyes. The fourth one, who I was holding, began to wiggle excitedly and kiss my face. "Let's take this one! He's the one! Look how lovely he is!" I said. As far as I was concerned, it was a done deal.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一则宣传广告。宣传招聘一年一度的骑行大使。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
1．细节理解题，根据Each ambassador is asked to raise $600 for World Ride over the course of this year每位大使被要求在今年为"世界骑行"筹集600美元。可知他们的职责之一就是为世界骑行筹集资金；故答案为A。
2．细节理解题。根据 Benefits of being a World Ride ambassador:成为世界骑行大使的好处:Discount on one World Ride tripper year每年一次世界之旅优惠.可知一年一次的世界之旅有折扣；故答案为 B。
3．推理判断题。根据Applications are now open. The deadline for applying is February 18. 申请现已开放。申请截止日期为2月18日。 可知想参加的人必须在2月18日前申请；故答案为B。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者由自家电视色彩的调试想到：一个小小的举动往往可以产生很大的影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
4．推理判断题。根据And even though I had never before seen a professional football game live and in living color, I had read
enough from my subscription to Sports Illustrated to know that the dark jerseys (运动衫) worn by the Green Bay Packers
were green, not blue."Maybe it's something special they're doing for the Super Bowl,"my dad suggested."The colors aren't right, Dad," I said. "I'm sure of it."尽管我以前从未看过现场直播的职业橄榄球比赛，但我从订阅的《体育画报》上读到的内容足以让我知道绿湾包装工队穿的深色球衣是绿色的，而不是蓝色的。"也许这是他们为超级碗做的特别的事情，"爸爸建议道。"爸爸，颜色不对，"我说。"我敢肯定。"可知他们就是否屏幕上的颜色不对有了分歧； 故答案为 C。
5．词义猜测题。根据上文 It was a minor annoyance, 这只是个小烦恼，再根据 but一转折，可知这个小烦恼却破环了our enjoyment of the pre-game festivities我们对赛前庆祝活动的愉悦，短语 cast a pall over 的意思为"损坏"；故答案为D。
6．推理判断题。根据Just a few minutes before kickoff, my big brother Bud arrived with Craig, a college friend. Craig looked at the TV for a moment. "I think your tint (色调) is off a little," he said. He reached behind the set and began feeling around for buttons. Suddenly our color TV was black and white. He reached behind the TV again. He must have found the right button
, because a moment later color was restored — and perfected. 就在开球前几分钟，我的哥哥巴德和大学朋友克雷格来了。克雷格看了一会儿电视。"我觉得你的肤色有点不太好，"他说。他把手伸到电视机后面，开始摸索着找纽扣。突然我们的彩电变成了黑白的。他又把手伸到电视后面。他一定是找到了正确的按钮，因为不一会儿颜色就恢复了——而且很完美。可知克雷格让电视上的直播节目有了正常色彩，作者一家可以开心看电视节目了； 故答案为D。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章结构：分总；最后一段 It amazed me then — and often has since — what a major difference a minor
adjustment can make. A well-placed nail or a tweak (拧) of a button from someone who knows what they're doing can
change everything. The same principle holds true in interpersonal matters. While there are some hurts that cannot be easily repaired, it's amazing how often a simple smile, a kind word, or a gentle touch can change our way of thinking, improve our mood, and make everything seem, you know, super. 这让我很惊讶——从那以后也经常如此——小小的调整能带来多大的不同。一个知道自己在做什么的人，一个合适的钉子或一个按钮的调整(拧)可以改变一切。同样的原则也适用于人际关系。虽然有些伤害无法轻易修复，但令人惊讶的是，一个简单的微笑，一句友善的话语，或一个温柔的触摸，往往能改变我们的思维方式，改善我们的情绪，让一切看起来都很棒。可知作者想告诉我们：一个小小的举动可以产生很大的影响。 故答案为C。
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．D
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了空中出租车很快就会出现在我们的生活中了。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
8．细节理解题。根据 The plentiful number of rotors also helps with safety, as the aircraft can continue to fly if one or more fail
. 大量的旋翼也有助于提高安全性，因为如果一个或多个旋翼失灵，飞机可以继续飞行。可知为了安全他们使用了更多的旋翼。 故答案为 C。
9．推理判断题。根据After thinking hard about how to certify(授予专业合格证) these flying machines, regulators(监管者) have been working with developers on safety standards. This is a multi-stage process. Besides obtaining "type" approval, which shows the airworthiness of a new type of aircraft, factories must be certified before production can begin in volume. And an airline-style licence is required if paying passengers are to be panies are working hard to get these approvals. Piloted operations are expected to be approved before autonomous flights.在认真考虑了如何认证这些飞行器之后，监管机构一直在与开发人员合作制定安全标准。这是一个多阶段的过程。除了获得"型号"批准(表明一种新型飞机的适航性)之外，工厂在开始批量生产之前还必须获得认证。如果要载运付费乘客，还需要航空公司的执照。公司正在努力获得这些批准。预计在自动飞行之前，有人驾驶操作将得到批准。可知eVTOL飞机的认证过程是复杂的，难处理的；故答案为B。
10．细节理解题。根据 Germany, Volocopter will be flight-testing a family of eVTOLs. The firm is hoping its smallest, the two-seater VoloCity, can be certified in time for the 2024 Olympics in Paris, where the plan is to operate trips between airports and the athletes' village.在德国，Volocopter将对一系列evtol进行飞行测试。该公司希望其最小的双座汽车VoloCity能在2024年巴黎奥运会前获得认证，计划在巴黎奥运会上运营机场和运动员村之间的交通。可知期望它将为2024年奥运会提供服务；故答案为D。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章结构：总分总；第一段 This will be an important year for pioneers developing electric vertical take-off
and landing (eVTOL) aircraft (垂直起降飞机), popularly known as flying taxis. Several firms are hoping their craft can obtain
the necessary certification in 2023 to start commercial production, getting ready for the first passenger services. 对于开发电动垂直起降飞机(eVTOL)的先驱者来说，今年将是重要的一年，这种飞机通常被称为飞行出租车。几家公司希望他们的飞船能在2023年获得必要的认证，开始商业生产，为第一次客运服务做好准备。以及最后一段Other air-taxi firms also hope to provide services in
Paris, or at the World Expo, which takes place in Japan in 2025. 其他空中出租车公司也希望在巴黎或2025年在日本举行的世博会上提供服务。可知文章的中心主题就是空中出租车就要来了。故答案为D。
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；科普类；学习教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。讲述了婴幼儿通过正确的父母语可以提高他们沟通的能力，甚至可以提高他们的长期语言技能。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
12．细节理解题。根据 In the study, researchers found that teaching parents how to speak proper parentese enhanced their ability to communicate with their babies — and even improved the children's long-term language skills.最近的研究表明，父母对孩子说父母话可以大大促进他们的语言发展。在这项研究中，研究人员发现，教父母如何说正确的父母语可以提高他们与孩子沟通的能力，甚至可以提高孩子的长期语言技能。可知这段主要是研究的结果；故答案为B。
13．推理判断题。根据 In the 1960s, scientists studying speech patterns across different languages noticed a unique style that adults used addressing young children. This language was characterized by simple words and grammar, high pitch (音调) and a much slower speed. 在20世纪60年代，研究不同语言的语言模式的科学家注意到，成年人对幼儿的称呼有一种独特的风格。这种语言的特点是单词和语法简单，音调高，语速慢得多。可知这种语言很容易理解和模仿；故答案为A。
14．细节理解题。根据 "We now think parentese works because it's a social attraction for the baby brain," she says. "Its high pitch and slower speed are socially engaging and invite the baby to respond."她说:"我们现在认为，父母语之所以有效，是因为它对婴儿的大脑是一种社会吸引力。""它的高音调和较慢的速度具有社交吸引力，并邀请婴儿做出回应。"可知帕特里夏·k·库尔认为它能激励婴儿多说话； 故答案为 B。
15．推理判断题。根据 And even though all of the participating families used some form of parentese at the start of the study,
the babies of parents who received coaching showed the most improvements in their conversation skills. 尽管所有参与研究的家庭在研究开始时都使用了某种形式的父母语，但接受指导的父母的孩子在谈话技巧方面表现出最大的进步。可知这些父母掌握了更多的育儿技巧 故答案为 A。
【答案】16．F；17．G；18．D；19．B；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了几个小小的改变可以让你的周末更有意义，更好。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
16．根据上文If making changes to your weekend routine could improve your productivity and
mood through the coming week, would you do it？Research says that it can. 如果改变你的周末习惯可以提高你在接下来一周的效率和情绪，你会这么做吗 研究表明可以。以及下文Try a few of
these additions to your routine and see how they work for you.试着在你的日常生活中增加一些东西，看看它们对你有什么效果。可知空白处需要一个过渡句：你需要彻底打乱你的生活常； 选项F. The good news is that you don't have to make huge changes.好消息是，你不需要做出巨大的改变。符合题意； 故答案为F。
17．根据下文You can do this by sleeping late, but you don't have to. Naps(午睡）create big brain
benefits, and the weekend can be a perfect time for napping.你可以通过晚睡来做到这一点，但你不必这样做。小睡对大脑有很大的好处，周末是小睡的最佳时间。可知空白处需要承上启下的过渡句：假如工作日因为种种原因睡眠不足，那就利用周末补上； 选项G. But if you' ve fallen behind
on sleep during the week, use the weekend to catch up.但是如果你在工作日睡眠不足，那就利用周末补上。符合题意； 故答案为G。
18．根据上文So unless the weather is really bad, plan for some time outdoors. 所以，除非天气真的很糟糕，否则还是计划一些户外活动吧。 以及下文 A park where you're surrounded by trees
and other plants works too.一个被树木和其他植物包围的公园也可以。可知空白处需要过渡句：你没有必要去很远地方的森林里； 选项D. You don't have to travel to forests to experience the
benefits. 你不需要到森林里去体验这些好处。符合题意； 故答案为D。
19．根据下文When you're working during the week, it may be hard to spend as much time
socializing with friends and family as you might like. So spend some time during the weekend with people you care about most. 当你在工作日工作时，可能很难花那么多时间与朋友和家人交往。所以周末花点时间和你最在乎的人在一起吧。可知空白处需要的主题句为：与你喜欢的人一起度周末。 选项B. Spend time with people you like.花时间和你喜欢的人在一起。符合题意； 故答案为B。
20．根据上文Do something fun that's outside your normal routine. This change requires
creativity, but it may be the most enjoyable small change you can make. 做一些在日常生活之外的有趣的事情。这种改变需要创造力，但它可能是你能做出的最令人愉快的小改变。可知空白处需要对上文进行总结：这样做让你的周末更好； 选项E. It will make your weekends more
memorable and enjoyable. 它会让你的周末更加难忘和愉快。符合题意； 故答案为E。
【答案】21．D；22．C；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．B；27．A；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．C；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．D
【知识点】日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在浓雾夜晚开车得到无私警察帮助的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
21．句意：我的朋友安娜打电话来是因为她的车坏了，她的两个孩子又饿又累。根据下文while she was
waiting for the car service. 她在等修车服务的时候。 可知安娜开的车在路上出故障了；A：turned
around转身， B： sped up加速， C： pulled off脱离， D： broke down出故障 ； 故答案为D。
22．句意：她问我能不能在她等修车服务的时候去接孩子。根据上文 My friend Anna called because her
car broke down and her two kids were hungry and tired. 的朋友安娜打电话来是因为她的车坏了，她的两个孩子又饿又累。可知作者的朋友打电话希望作者帮她接回她的孩子，帮忙照顾一下； A：visit访问，B：assess评估，C：fetch（去）拿回来，D：praise 赞扬 ； 故答案为C。
23．句意：我让我丈夫接管做饭，然后我发动了我的车。根据上文I was cooking dinner when my cell
phone rang. 我正在做晚饭，这时我的手机响了。 再根据作者要去接安娜的两个孩子回来，可知作者只能把做晚饭的任务交给自己的丈夫来完成；A：put aside搁置，B：take over 接管，C：pay for支付，D：talk about 谈论 ；故答案为B。
24．句意：当我开车去目的地时，雾开始形成并变得越来越浓。根据作者从家里出发去安娜孩子所在的地方， 可知出门作者的目的地是：安娜孩子所在的地方； A：company公司， B： property 物业，C：destination目的地， D：residence住所 ；故答案为C。
25．句意：接完孩子后，我不得不在浓雾中开车。根据上文作者开车去接孩子，可知她接到孩子后，会开车带着孩子回家吃晚饭； A：drive开车， B：wander游荡， C：escape 逃跑，D：check 检查；故答案为A。
26．句意：孩子们是我的责任，我忍不住紧张起来。根据上文After picking up the kids, I had to drive in thick fog. 接完孩子后，我不得不在浓雾中开车。 可知这样的环境开车很不安全，可知作者会紧张； A： patient有耐心的； B： nervous紧张， C： polite 礼貌，D： curious 好奇 ； 故答案为B。
27．句意：在能见度几乎为零的情况下，我试图装出一副勇敢的样子。根据上文 I had to drive in thick
fog. 我不得不在浓雾中开车。可知在这种环境中主要是能见度差，A：visibility 能见度，B：gravity 重力，C： effort努力， D： waste浪费 ； 故答案为A。
28．句意：不久，雾变得越来越浓，我几乎什么也看不见，我的焦虑开始达到顶峰。根据句意"不久，雾变得越来越浓，我几乎什么也看不见"，这种情况下是不可以开车行驶，但两个孩子肚子饿了， 可知这时作者的焦虑是最大的； A：change变化，B：return回归，C：disappear消失，D：peak 达到最大值 ；故答案为D。
29．句意：我知道我必须靠边停车，但我甚至看不到路上的线。我尽可能开得慢一点，朝我认为可能是路肩的右边开去。根据上文 Soon the fog thickened to the point where I could hardly see不久雾就浓了，我几乎什么也看不见了。 可知在路上行驶的作者只能慢慢的靠边停车； A： slowly 慢慢地，B： blindly盲目地， C： directly 直接地，D： exactly 完全正确 ； 故答案为A。
30．句意：我尽可能开得慢一点，朝我认为可能是路肩的右边开去。根据道路上行驶的车辆需要停车时只能停靠路肩或者紧急停车道 ， 可知空白处需要"路肩，紧急停车道" A： shelter庇护所， B： tree树， C： shoulder路肩，紧急停车道， D： light 光； 故答案为C。
31．句意：当我在不知道该怎么办的时候，后视镜里闪烁的灯光引起了我的注意。根据上文I stopped and
reached for my phone, only to realize I had left it at home. 我停下来，伸手去拿手机，才意识到我把它忘在家里了。可知作者没有手机，在浓雾弥漫的道路上找不到求助的对象了，她不知道该怎么办了； A：learning学习，B：remembering记忆，C：wondering 不知道，疑惑，D：explaining 解释； 故答案为C。
32．句意：看到一辆警车越来越近，我松了一口气。根据下文The police officer asked for my address
警察要了我的地址， 可知作者看到的是警察开的警车的车灯，这辆车越来越近，最后开到了他们所在的位置， A： smarter更聪明， B： brighter 更明亮，C： cleaner更干净， D： closer 更近； 故答案为D。
33．句意：警察要了我的地址，让我跟他走，带我们回家。根据The police officer asked for my address
…to follow him and guided us home.警官要了我的地址，……然后带我们回家。可知 警察告诉作者他将在前面带路指引他们回家；A： forced强迫， B：instructed 引导，指示，C： promised承诺， D： inspired激励 ； 故答案为B。
34．句意：我还没来得及感谢他，他就消失在黑暗中了。根据上句"警察要了我的地址，让我跟他走，带我们回家。" 以及本句he had disappeared into the darkness. 他就消失在黑暗中了。 可知作者已经在警察的帮助下平安到家，按理作者应该感谢这位热心的警察，可他走了； A： persuade说服， B： interview 面试，C： thank感谢， D： invite邀请 ； 故答案为C。
35．句意：我所能做的就是在心里感恩。根据上文"我还没来得及感谢他，他就消失在黑暗中了。" 可知 帮助自己的人没有当面感谢，只有把感激之情记在心里，A： hopeful希望， B： welcome 欢迎，C： determined决心， D： grateful感激 ； 故答案为D。
36．【答案】absolutely
【知识点】构词法；副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：确定火星上的碳循环绝对是试图理解生命如何适应这个循环的关键。根据修饰短语the key要用副词， 可知空白处需要形容词absolute 的副词形式absolutely； 故答案为absolutely。
【点评】考查副词的用法。注意修饰短语the key要用副词。
37．【答案】response
【知识点】固定短语；构词法
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，许多大型零售商针对这一切所做的主要事情是开设网上商店，这样人们就会直接来找他们。根据固定搭配： in response to 作为回应；可知空白处需要动词respond 的名词形式 response；故答案为response。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意固定搭配： in response to 作为回应。
38．【答案】Compared
【知识点】固定短语；分词
【解析】【分析】句意：与几代人以前的人相比，我们有更多的机会享受美好时光。根据句子结构 have是谓语动词，空白处需要非谓语作状语，再根据固定搭配：compare sb/sth to 把某人[某物] 与……相比； 可知空白处需要该短语的变形：be compared to ,非谓语省略了be动词； 故答案为Compared。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意固定搭配：compare sb/sth to 把某人[某物] 与……相比的；该短语的变形：be compared to。
39．【答案】what
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管处境艰难，白求恩大夫还是尽力帮助中国人民。根据固定句式：sb did/does what sb can to do 某人尽他所能来做某事；可知空白处需要what引导宾语从句； 故答案为what。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：sb did/does what sb can to do 某人尽他所能来做某事。
40．【答案】chatting
【知识点】分词；词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：一群老人坐在一棵大树下，边喝茶边聊天。根据句子结构sat谓语动词，空白处需要非谓语表示伴随 sat 的状语， 可知空白处需要动词chat 的现在分词chatting（要双写"t"） 故答案为chatting。
【点评】考查现在分词。注意现在分词做伴随状语。
41．【答案】was invited
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意： 除了玛丽和迈克没有人被邀请参加昨天的记者招待会。 根据主谓一致原则：由but连接的两部分作主语时，谓语要与 but之前的部分 Nobody一致，谓语要用单数。再根据固定搭配：invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事,可知空白处需要短语的被动形式：be invited to，yesterday是过去的时间，空白处需要过去时的单数被动语态was invited ；故答案为was invited。
【点评】考查主谓一致，过去时的被动语态。注意由but连接的两部分作主语时，谓语要与 but之前的部分一致；固定搭配：invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事。
42．【答案】to have
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 这项措施将使新西兰成为第一个让农民为农场动物排放买单的国家。 根据英语语法原则：名词country受序数词the firs修饰时，其后面只需要接非谓语的不定式作定语， 可知空白处需要动词have 的不定式to have； 故答案为to have。
【点评】考查动词不定式作定语。注意英语语法原则：名词country受序数词the firs修饰时，其后面只需要接非谓语的不定式作定语
43．【答案】it
【知识点】固定句式；it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我发现跟上布朗教授的讲课很有挑战性，因为他讲得太快了。 根据固定句式：Sb find it adj to do…某人发现做某事……可知空白处缺少形式宾语it； 故答案为it。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：Sb find it adj to do…某人认为做某事……。
44．【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意： 希尔说："让城市更智能是一条出路，我认为这反过来会让城市更环保。"根据句子结构 will make 为宾语从句的谓语，空白处需要turn 构成的短语作状语，固定短语in turn（反过来，作为回报）符合题意，可知空白缺少介词 in，故答案为in。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定短语in turn反过来，作为回报。
45．【答案】theories
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 另一方面，科学理论是无法预测的;它们必须得到认真阐述和确认。 根据名词的数上下文要一致，下文主语they（复数代词） 代指上文主语，可知空白处需要名词theory 的复数形式theories； 故答案为theories。
【点评】考查复数名词。注意文章中名词的数上下文要一致；名词theory 的复数形式theories。
【答案】46．formally；47．which；48．stations；49．its；50．most challenging；51．estimated；52．a；53．to；54．constructing；55．to limit
【知识点】说明文；其他类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了白鹤滩水电站。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
46．句意：白鹤滩水电站是中国长江上游的第二大水电设施，在最后一台发电机组接入后，于周二正式完工。根据形式谓语动词was completed 要用副词， 可知空白处需要形容词formal 的复数形式 formally； 故答案为formally。
47．句意：据估计，该电厂每年可发电624.4亿千瓦时，每年可节省约9000万吨煤炭，每年可减少约2.48亿吨二氧化碳排放。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，可知这里的关系代词指上文整件事，要用which ； 故答案为which。
48．句意：白鹤滩是中国最长的长江沿岸六大水电站之一。根据固定搭配：one of +复数名词， 可知 空白处需要名词station的复数形式stations； 故答案为stations。
49．句意：该项目的开发商三峡公司将这座289米高的大坝及其配套设施描述为中国最大、最具挑战性的工程项目之一。根据修饰名词associated facilities（配套设施）要用形容词， 可知空白处需要主格代词it 的形容词性的物主代词its ； 故答案为its。
50．句意：该项目的开发商三峡公司将这座289米高的大坝及其相关设施描述为中国最大、最具挑战性的工程项目之一。根据and 前后结构一致， the country's biggest用的是形容词的最高级， 可知空白处需要形容词challenging的最高级most challenging； 故答案为most challenging。
51．句意：2017年开工建设，总投资估计为1700亿元。根据 a total investment与动词estimate之间是被动关系，可知空白处需要动词estimate 的过去分词estimated 做宾补 ； 故答案为estimated。
52．句意：作为中国西电东输工程的一个重大项目，它将把全国各地的电力输送到东部城市。根据 project是单数可数名词，这里强调是一个主要的项目，可知 空白处需要表示数量"一"的冠词a； 故答案为a。
53．句意：作为中国西电东输工程的一个重大项目，它将把全国各地的电力输送到东部城市。根据固定搭配：deliver sth to 把某物送到……可知空白处需要介词to ； 故答案为to。
54．句意：尽管2022年夏季的长期严重干旱导致发电量下降，迫使各地区限制电力消耗，但中国仍在西南地区建设水电站。根据固定搭配：go on doing 继续做某事，可知空白处需要动词construct 的现在分词 constructing； 故答案为constructing。
55．句意：尽管2022年夏季的长期严重干旱导致发电量下降，迫使各地区限制电力消耗，但中国仍在西南地区建设水电站。根据固定搭配：force sb to do使某人做某事； 可知科比需要动词limit 的不定式to limit 作宾补 ； 故答案为to limit。
56．【答案】addicted
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 目前，许多学生沉迷于电子游戏，这对他们的成长是非常有害的。 根据 建议"许多学生……电子游戏，这对他们的成长是非常有害的"，可知空白处需要形容词构成三个词的表示不好的短语，以"a"开头形容词addicted（ 成瘾的，上瘾的）构成的短语；are addicted to （沉溺于）符合题意； 故答案为addicted。
【点评】考查固定短语。注意短语；are addicted to （沉溺于）。
57．【答案】update
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： 新闻网站不断更新网页内容，为读者提供最新的新闻。 根据句意"为读者提供最新的新闻" 可知这些网站只有不断更新才能做到，以"u"开头的（更新）update，在句子中作谓语， 故答案为update。
【点评】考查动词。注意以"u"开头的（更新）update。
58．【答案】complain
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： 他们每天都有大量的工作要做，但他们从不抱怨工作量大。 根据句意"他们每天都有大量的工作要做，但他们从不……工作量大。" 可知空白处需要"抱怨，厌烦"动词作谓语与 have一致要用一般现在时，以"c"开头的动词complain（抱怨，投诉 ）符合题意；故答案为complain。
【点评】考查动词。注意上下文时态要一致；以"c"开头的动词complain（抱怨，投诉 ）。
59．【答案】typical
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 这种晴朗的天气并不是英国的典型天气，英国的春天通常是阴雨连绵。 根据句意"这种晴朗的天气并不是英国的……天气，英国的春天通常是阴雨连绵"，空白处需要与usual同义或近义词， 可知以t开头的形容词为typical（典型的，有代表性的；一贯的，平常的）符合题意； 故答案为typical。
【点评】考查形容词。注意t开头的形容词为typical（典型的，有代表性的；一贯的，平常的）。
60．【答案】featuring
【知识点】分词
【解析】【分析】句意： 四川菜以辣为特色，在全国广受欢迎。 根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语做主语的定语，说到川菜大家都会想到它以麻辣为特色， 可知空白处需要"以……为特色"的现在分词，以" f"开头的为featuring； 故答案为featuring。
【点评】考查现在分词作定语。注意以" f"开头的为featuring"以……为特色"。
61．【答案】flexible
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 新冠肺炎疫情期间，很多企业采取弹性工作制保障安全。 根据修饰名词 hours需要名词，再根据句意"新冠肺炎疫情期间，很多企业采取……工作制保障安全"人们那时可以在家远程办公，有条件的可以去办公室办公，，可知空白处需要"灵活，弹性的"以"f"的形容词为flexible； 故答案为flexible。
【点评】考查形容词。注意"灵活，弹性的"以"f"的形容词为flexible。
62．【答案】reminded
【知识点】固定短语；动词的固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意： 每次看到这张老照片，它就让我想起童年的快乐回忆。 根据固定搭配：remind sbof sth使某人想起某事；再根据谓语saw过去时，空白处需要过去时态做主句的谓语， 可知空白处以"r"开头的动词为remind，过去时reminded； 故答案为reminded。
【点评】考查固定搭配，一般过去时。固定搭配：remind sbof sth使某人想起某事。
63．【答案】diseases
【知识点】名词辨析；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 根据史密斯博士的说法，许多疾病可以通过经常锻炼和健康饮食来预防。 根据 many后面要接复数名词，再根据句意"根据史密斯博士的说法，许多……可以通过经常锻炼和健康饮食来预防" 可知空白处需要的名词为"疾病"以"d"开头的名词为disease 复数形式diseases；故答案为diseases。
【点评】考查复数名词。注意 many后面要接复数名词。
64．【答案】volunteer
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 作为一名志愿者，或者仅仅是民族自豪感，也会带来满足感。 根据不定冠词 a 后面要用单数可数名词，可知汉语为"志愿者"的单数可数名词volunteer。 故答案为volunteer。
【点评】考查名词。注意不定冠词 a 后面要用单数可数名词。
65．【答案】formal
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 他给吉姆写了一封非常正式的道歉信。 根据修饰名词 letter要用形容词， 可知空白处需要汉语为"正式的"的形容词formal； 故答案为formal。
【点评】考查形容词。注意修饰名词 letter要用形容词；汉语为"正式的"的形容词formal。
66．【答案】responsibility
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 我们应该作为一个群体承担责任。 根据定冠词the 后面要用名词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"责任"的名词responsibility； 故答案为responsibility。
【点评】考查名词。注意定冠词the 后面要用名词；"责任"的名词responsibility。
67．【答案】civilization
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 访问中国这个文明的发祥地是我长久以来的梦想，因此我很荣幸能成为你们的客人。 根据介词 of 后面要用名词， 可知汉语意思"文明"的名词civilization不可数名词， 故答案为civilization。
【点评】考查名词。注意介词 of 后面要用名词；"文明"的名词civilization不可数名词。
68．【答案】equal
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 政府声称这项法律将克服几个世纪以来的排斥，最终给予穷人的孩子平等的受教育机会。 根据修饰名词access 要用形容词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"平等的"的形容词equal； 故答案为equal。
【点评】考查形容词。注意修饰名词access 要用形容词；"平等的"的形容词equal。
69．【答案】download
【知识点】一般现在时；构词法
【解析】【分析】句意： 对其他人(包括我)来说，云是我们下载电影和流媒体电视节目的地方。 根据句子结构where引导表语从句，空白处需要动词作谓语，时态与is 一致要用一般现在时， 可知空白处需要汉语意思为"下载"的动词原形download； 故答案为download。
【点评】考查动词。注意汉语意思为"下载"的动词原形download。
70．【答案】illegal
【知识点】固定句式；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 没有驾驶执照开车是违法的。 根据固定句式：It's + 形容词+to do. 可知空白处需要汉语意思为"违法的"的形容词illegal； 故答案为illegal。
【点评】考查固定句式。注意固定句式：It's + 形容词+to do. "违法的"的形容词illegal。
71．【答案】familiar
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪斯尼乐园。 根据句子结构are possibly（副词） most+多音节形容词 ，再根据固定搭配：be familiar with熟悉；可知空白处需要汉语意思"熟悉的"的形容词familiar； 故答案为familiar。
【点评】考查形容词。注意固定搭配：be familiar with熟悉。
72．【答案】relief
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意： 医生说只是个轻伤。真是松了一口气！ 根据不定冠词 a 后面需要单数可数名词，可知空白处需要汉语意思"宽慰"的可数名词relief； 故答案为relief。
【点评】考查名词。注意不定冠词 a 后面需要单数可数名词；"宽慰"的可数名词relief。
73．【答案】potential
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 他有成为世界级音乐家的潜力。 根据定冠词the 后面需要名词， 可知空白处需要汉语意思"潜力"的名词potential，potential也可以作形容词"潜在的，可能的"；故答案为potential。
【点评】考查名词。注意定冠词the 后面需要名词；潜力"的名词potential，potential也可以作形容词"潜在的，可能的"。
74．【答案】embarrassed
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意： 她在医生面前脱衣服感到不好意思。 根据句意"感到不好意思"空白处需要形容词， 可知汉语意思"尴尬的"的形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬，感到不好意思）；embarrassing（ 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的）；空白处需要ed形容词；故答案为embarrassed。
【点评】考查ed形容词。注意尴尬的"的形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬，感到不好意思）；embarrassing（ 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的）。
75．【答案】digest
【知识点】固定短语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 饭后你应该留出一点时间让食物消化。 根据固定搭配：allow a little time to do留出一点时间去做；可知空白处需要动词原形，汉语意思"消化"的动词digest； 故答案为digest。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意固定搭配：allow a little time to do留出一点时间去做；"消化"的动词digest。
76．【答案】Dear Tom,
I'm delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest. In response to your request, I'd like to share some suggestions with you.
Being exposed to Chinese newspapers and TV programs will provide you with easy access to authentic Chinese culture. Additionally, reading classics will deepen your understanding of it. Last but not least, it is a wise choice to make more Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible. You'll be amazed at your remarkable progress.
I do hope that my advice will be helpful to you. If you have any problems, please don't hesitate to ask me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文回信。要求考生以李华 的身份给你的英国朋友 Tom写一封关于怎么了解中国文化的建议。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，（分享了解中国文化的建议）；
第二段：具体建议（1. 借助电视节目、报刊、中国经典作品了解中国文化； 2. 和中国朋友多沟通。 ）；
第三段： 期望和祝愿（我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题，请尽管来问我。）。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构I'm delighted to hear that you are learning Chinese culture with great interest.（宾语从句）， If you have any
problems, please don't hesitate to ask me.（条件状语从句）让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇response to ；easy access to 和固定短语provide you with，Last but not least,提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
77．【答案】My brother wasn 't sure and suggested that we take some time to get to know all of them. We spent the next hour sitting on the floor playing with a group of puppies. Finally, we settled on a different puppy for our mom. He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality. He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. We signed the paperwork and agreed on the pick-up date.
Two weeks later, we picked up the dog and hid him around the corner in my mom's living room while she opened her birthday gifts. Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her. It took a moment for Mom to be aware of him, and then she began to cry. She knelt on the floor and pulled the dog into her arms. As she kissed him, she looked up through her tears and said, "This is the best birthday gift I've ever got". Hearing that, my brother and I looked at each other and smiled.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写；日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者和哥哥一起为自己的母亲准备了一条小狗作为生日礼物，他母亲非常喜欢。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我哥哥不太确定，建议我们花点时间去了解它们所有五个。"可知，第一段可描写作者与哥哥一起观察这些小狗，最终选择了一条他们都中意的小狗。②由第二段首句内容"两周后，我们把狗领回来，藏在妈妈打开生日礼物的客厅角落里。"可知，第二段可描写作者在母亲生日那天让小狗不经意的跑到母亲身边，母亲高兴极了。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：He was the smallest and weakest of the dogs and made up for his smallness with a large personality.运用了并列句；He spent most of the time we were there either jumping on one of us or following his patient mother around asking for more to eat. 运用了限制性定语从句；Just when she thought she was done, the small dog walked across the room toward her.运用了时间状语从句和宾语从句。
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