2024届高考英语复习动词不定式公开课(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
I am a student of Grade 11. I have a lot of homework _______(do) every day. I work hard________(get) good grades. In my spare time, I usually listen to music ________(relax) myself. But my mother always asks me _____________(not spend) much time listening to music. She wants me __________( work) hard at my schoolwork all the time. I feel stressed out. My dream is _______(be) an engineer. So I plan__________(study) maths really hard. But it’s difficult ___________(learn) maths. I don’t know how__________(learn) it well. I will ask my teacher and classmates _________(help) me. I believe “__________( ask) well is __________(know )much ”
(善问懂得多) . I will make my dream _______(come) true.
to do
to get
to relax
not to spend
to work
to be
to study
to learn
to learn
to help
To ask
to know
come
to do
not to do
精选2021版课件
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动词不定式
精选2021版课件
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有______和_____的变化，在句子中不能独立作______，但具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种_________。
人称
数
谓语
句子成分
主语（Subject）
宾语（Object）
宾补（Object complement）
定语（Attributive）
状语（Adverbial）
表语（Predicative）
与疑问词连用（interrogative ）
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肯定： to + V.原 或者 (to)+ V.原
否定：not/never + (to) + V.原
He likes to read novels.
I saw him come.
We decided not to buy that house.
4) It is interesting to fly a kite.
5) Please let him not go there.
动词不定式的结构
infinitive
表将来
表目的
表某一次具体的动作
I have a lot of work to do.
（将来）
To learn English well, you
must practise more.
（目的）
I like dancing, but I don’t
like to dance today.
（某一次具体的动作）
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作主语
To hear your voice is so nice.
To study hard is very important.
It is so nice to hear your voice.
It is very important to study hard.
不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，
把真正的主语放在后面。
1、It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.
不定式做主语 谓语动词用单数
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It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth.
for: adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等.）
of: adj. 多为 描述主语的品质特征 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish 等.）
作主语
It is easy _______ her to learn English well.
It is clever ________ you to solve the problem.
of
for
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2、It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day.
作主语
我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。
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3、It is + n. (for sb) to do sth.
It is my pleasure to help you with your English.
作主语
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4、用在谚语中
To see is to believe.
To say is easy, but to do is hard.
作主语
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1、It is necessary ______us to learn to wait.
(of/for)
2、It was careless ______me to break the cup .
（of/for)
3、It took them 1,000 yuan _________this
table. (buy)
4、It is my pleasure _________ the box for you.
(carry)
to buy
for
of
to carry
练习
5、轮到我们打扫教室了。
It is our turn_________________________
6、To waste time is to shorten life. （翻译成中文）
to clean the classroom.
浪费时间就是缩短生命。
练习
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1、动词+ to do sth.
常用动词有：
want / wish / like / would like / hope / plan / try / decide / learn / need / agree / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / fail/ manage/ promise等
1、I hope to finish it tomorrow .
2、She plans to go and teach in the country.
作宾语
2、动词＋疑问词+to do
I don’t know____________ next.
She can’t decide_________________.
作宾语
2、她不能决定买哪本书。
1、我不知道接下来该做什么。
what to do
which book to buy
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3、主语+谓语+it+ adj./n. +to do
作宾语
常见的谓语动词： find, think, consider, feel, make等
The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space.
大气中的尘埃使人难以获取太空的清晰图像。
我认为学好英语很重要
I think it important to learn English well.
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1、Don’t forget _________________.(关灯)
2、I happened ________when he called me. （出去）
3、I don’t want________________. (依赖别人）
4、Sam is learning________________. (怎样开车）
5、We promise __________ the environment.(保护)
to turn off the light
to go out
to depend on others
how to drive a car
练习
to protect
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1、动词 + 宾语（sb./sth.) + to do sth.
作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明
She asked me to help her.
The teacher told him to come on time.
Edison’s mother taught him to read and write.
常用的动词有：ask, allow, advise, want tell, order, teach, expect等
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动词多为感官动词、使动词。
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三使：make, let, have
四看：see, notice, watch, look at
John’s mother makes him play the piano every day.
变被动时 是省略的不定式符号 to要还原回来：hear sb do sb be heard to do sth
John _________ （make) play the piano every day.
is made to
2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式
注意:
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1、Let him _______ the work at once.
(finish / to finish)
2、Do you like listening to other people______
(talk / talking/to talk )
3、Jim was seen _________the room.
(enter /to enter )
4、Please tell her _________here on time .
(come / to come)
finish
talk
to enter
to come
练习
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5、I’ll help you _________this problem.
(to solve /solve )
6、 I wish you will stay with us.(改成简单句）
7、Her story made us laugh. (改成被动句）
(to ) solve
I wish you to stay with us.
We were made to laugh by her story.
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1、主语 + be + to do sth
主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / ambition/ dream / work / job 等 名词
1、My ambition is to be a singer.
2、His work is to clean the classroom every day.
作表语
我的梦想是成为一名歌手。
他的工作是每天清扫教室。
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2、谚语中
1、To know everything is to know nothing.
样样精通,样样稀松
2、To see is to believe.
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放在被修饰词的后面
I have a lot of work to do.
I want to find something to drink.
作定语
不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。
I’m looking for a hotel _________.
A. stay B. stay at C. to stay D. to stay at
D
位置：
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He hasn’t got a house to live
I have no pens to write _______.
in
with
He bought a toy to play with.
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1、原因状语:
主语 + be + adj.(表情感) + to do sth.
(happy/ glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid 等)
I’m sorry to hear that.
作状语
I’m glad to see you.
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2、目的状语
The soldier ran into the room to save the girl .
Tom went to the airport _________________(去接他的爷爷)
to meet his grandpa
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3、结果状语
too + adj./adv. +to do sth.
adj./adv. enough to do sth.
You are too young to do this job.
He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
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动词不定式可以充当的句子成分
1、作主语
2、作宾语
3、作宾语补足语
4、作表语
5、作定语
6、作状语
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All I did was to give him some advice .
His dream is to travel all over the world.
Lucy needs a friend to play with .
He was the last guest to arrive .
It’s interesting to read a science fiction .
下列不定式作何种成分？
（表语）
（表语）
（定语）
（定语）
（主语）
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He was glad to see you.
My father offered to buy a computer for me.
He interviewed detective Ken to get some information .
The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables.
（状语）
（宾语）
（状语）
（宾语补足语）
下列不定式作何种成分？