(共130张PPT)
Part 1 : Reading and Thinking
A Successful Failure
who
what
when
where
why
What happened in the video
Sir Ernest Shackleton and 27 crew members
an expedition by the ship Endurance
1914-1916
Antarctica
make the first land crossoing of Antarctica
To read about Shackleton’s Antarctic expedition’s experince.
To learn to infer something based on the evidence.
To learn the good qualities of a person, which is to be genuine concern for others and persevere to solve the difficulties.
Supposing you are going on an expedition to Antarctica, what are the conditions there like What qualities are needed to survive the extremely tough conditions
The British explorer Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (1874-1922) is best known as a polar explorer who was associated with four expeditions exploring Antarctica, particularly the Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition (1914–16) that he led, which, although unsuccessful, became famous as a tale of remarkable perseverance and survival.
What event is this
Who led it
What do you know about the leader
An expedition to Antarcica.
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton.
How did this expedition develop
Read this advertisement that was posted by a famous British explorer. Discuss the questions with your group members.
MEN WANTED
for a dangerous journey: small wages, bitter cold, long months of complete darkness, constant danger, and safe return uncertain.
Honour and reward will follow if it is successful.
Ernest Shackleton
n. 工资；工钱
Who was Ernest Shackleton Why did he put such an advertisement
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was an Irish-born British explorer who was one of the giants of Antarctic exploration in the Heroic Age in the early years of the 20th Century.
1. What does “small wages” mean Do you think there could be many people who would work hard but not caring much about wages Why
2. What is the meaning of “bitter cold” here What kind of men do you think could overcome the bitter cold
Conditions Requirements Are you qualified
small wages not care much about money
bitter cold accustomed to the extreme weather conditions, healthy
long months of complete darkness show perseverance, not afraid of loneliness
constant danger have courage, cooperate with others, be experienced
safe return uncertain be optimistic, be positive
1.According to the advertisement, what kind of men was Shackleton looking for
Men who didn’t mind the wages and difficulties and had great perseverance.
2. Would you like to join an expedition like this Why or why not
Yes. Because I love adventures and challenges.
No. Because I hate taking risks and besides, I value my life.
Activity 1:
keys
What is the passage talking about
It is some of the diary entries of Perce Blackborow, in which he wrote that he joined an expedition of Antarctica on the ship Endurance with Sir Ernest Shackleton and how they managed to survive after Edurance was stuck in the ice.
Time 1914.10.31- 1915.11.21-1916.5.20
Destination To Antarctica
Leader Sir Ernest Shackleton
The author’s name Perce Blackborow
The ship Endurance
Basic information about the expedition
Diary Date Main idea
1 1914.10.31 The first diary is about how __________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
2 1915.11.21 The second diary is about how ________________
__________________________________________
3 1916.5.20 The third diary mainly describes ______________
__________________________________________
the author joined the Endurance expedition/ became a crew member on Endurance.
Shackleton and his crew abandoned the ship Endurance.
the crew members’ life on Elephant Island.
1.How did Blackborow come to join the expedition
He secretly went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard.
2.Why was the author turned down when he applied to join the expedition
He was young and wasn’t qualified.
3. What supplies didn’t the crew rescue when the ship was crushed
Most of their personal belongings including gold.
4. What was the purpose of Shackleton’s leaving for South Georgia Island
He went to seek for rescue.
Activity 2 :
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5.What happened to Endurance What did the crew members have to do
Endurance was stuck in the ice and sank. The crew members had to abandon the ship and went camping on the ice.
6.What did Shackleton do to make sure they would survive
He told the crew to rescue their most essential supplies and allowed Hussey to keep his musical instrument to keep their spirits up. Then, he left them to find help on South Georgia Island, 1,320 kilometers away.
Activity 2 :
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What do the highlighted words mean Use your own words to explain them.
The word “vigour” means health and energy.
The phrase “turned…down” means to reject or refuse something or someone.
The word “crushed” means to be squeezed until damaged.
The phrase “keep our spirits up” means to stay positive usually in a bad situation.
The word “miserable” means very unhappy or uncomfortable.
The word “cosy” means very comfortable safe, and warm.
What do the highlighted words mean use you own words to explain them.
1. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigor.
2.Shackleton turned me down …
3. We saw the ship get crushed..
4. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up.
5. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place.
6. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom….
Activity 3 :
energy
refused
destroyed and broken into pieces
cheer us up
rough and difficult
comfortable
Match the words with their meanings.
a kind of furniture
feel or show a lot of excitement and interest about sth. / sb.
strong determination to achieve sth.
to give sb. some work
to go down below the surface
be jealous
leave and no longer want
of a good enough standard or quality
real
something can keep a person warm
an organization of military vessels
enthusiastic
cupboard
assign
envy
sank
abandon
blankets
navy
decent
genuine
resolve
Shackleton:
1. Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. ... he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up. ________
2. Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1,320 kilometres away. ________
Choose the character traits or emotions the figures'
words or actions show.
a. caring for others b. persevering c. brave
d. grateful e. selfless f. optimistic
g. despaired (绝望的) h. worried
a, e
b, c
Perce Blackborow:
1. We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. ________
2. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here. ________
3. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom ... ________
4. Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. ________
5. Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all. ________
h
f
g
f
d
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
Experiences Feelings
Diary Entry 1 I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the expedition. ↓ I applied to join the expedition, but was 1. ___________. ↓ I secretly went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard. ↓ I was discovered and was 2. ________ to be a steward. ↓ I now serve meals for twenty-eight men. I was 3. _________ about the idea of going along with them.
turned down
assigned
enthusiastic
Experiences Feelings
Diary Entry 2 Endurance became 4. ________ in the ice. ↓ The ship got crushed by the ice. ↓ The ship sank. ↓ Shackleton told us to rescue the most essential supplies. ↓ We 5. ____________ the ship. ↓ We were camped on the ice. ·Our hearts sank.
· This was no time to 6. ________.
· We have been managing to survive, but the ice will soon begin to melt.
stuck
abandoned
panic
Experiences Feelings
Diary Entry 3 We have been struggling for days. ↓ We are 7. ________ together under one of the boats. ↓ Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island. ↓ I try to think of happier things. ↓ I am interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air. ↓
crowded
Experiences Feelings
Diary Entry 3 I shouted, “Shut the door!” ·I felt 8. _______. · Their genuine concern for others, their 9. ______________ and resolve fill me with hope. ↓ Frank told me to wait and we would enjoy penguin soup. ↓ I think Frank and Ernest are the best 10. ________.
leaders
low
perseverance
Read the Diary 1. How did Blackborow come to join the expedition
Diary 1
At the very beginning, Perce Blackborow _______________
__________________________________________________
Then the _________________________________. However, he ________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Later he _____________________________, but __________
Finally he __________________________________________
___________________________________________________
bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the expedition.
applied to join the expedition
was turned down by Shackleton because he was too young and not qualified.
secretly went aboard Endurance
was discovered
was assigned to be a steward and serve meals for the crew.
Read the Diary 2. Discuss the following questions.
1. Why did Shackleton throw away all his gold
2. Why did he allow Hussey to keep his banjo
Read the Diary 3. How did Blackborow’s feelings change
Occasions Blackborow’s feelings
After he read the advertisement about the expedition
After his application was turned down
After he became a steward on board
When Endurance sank
Before the crew settled on Elephant Island
excited, happy, full of expectations
enthusiastic, determined
satisfied, excited, hopeful
worried, terrified, panic
a little calm, no time to panic
Occasions Blackborow’s feelings
After Shackleton left to find help
When he thought about the living conditions on the island
When his happy memories were interrupted by cold air
After Frank Wild replied to him
worried, uncertain
low, miserable
angry, impatient
grateful
Read the text and answer the questions.
1. How did Blackborow come to join the expedition
Balckborow tried to join the expedition by applying but was rejected for lack of experience. So, he hid on the ship and was later discovered. Shackleton let him have a job rather than turn back.
Endurance got stuck in ice as it approached Antarctica. The ship got crushed and the crew had to abandon it. The crew had to collect essential supplies and camp on the ice.
2. What happened to Endurance What did the crew members have to do
Read the text again and discuss the questions with your partners.
1.How did Blackborow’s feelings about being on the expedition change as the days passed
2.What personal qualities did Shackleton, Wild, and Blackborow, Thomas Orde-Lees exhibit Find examples from the text to support your answers.
Activity 4 :
1.How did Blackborow’s feelings about being on the expedition change as the days passed
In the beginning, he felt excited. After the ship got stuck, she felt low and slowly went insane. After the captain went for help, he gradually became hopeful again.
Activity 4 :
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2.What personal qualities did Shackleton, Wild, and Blackborow, Thomas Orde-Lees exhibit Find examples from the text to support your answers.
Shackleton: show great leadership, courage and perseverance.
example: he calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies…
Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help…
Wild: considerate.
example: Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, …
Blackborow: risky, adventurous, energetic, emotional, a bit selfish, and bad-tempered.
I shouted, “ shut the door!”
Thomas Orde-Lees: selfish.
How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees!
Activity 4 :
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Reading tip
Infer character traits and emotions
To infer means to guess something based on the evidence. When inferring character traits
and emotions in a story, you need to look at the characters’ words and actions. What do these
tell us about their personal qualities and feelings
Choose the right content from the box to complete the summary of the text. Change the form when necessary.
expedition, essential, sail, blankets, survive, rescue, edge, crush
19-year-old Perce Blackborow kept a diary while 1. ________ with famous explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton on the ship, Endurance.
sailing
On October 31, 1914, he describes how after Shackleton had considered him too young for his coming South Pole 2. ________, he was discovered hiding aboard the ship three days later and allowed to stay. On Nov 11, 1915, however, Endurance,
stuck in the ice while approaching Antarctica, got 3. ________. Shackleton calmly ordered 4. ________ supplies to be saved: small boats, food and 5. ________, etc.
expedition
crushed
essential
blankets
No personal belongings were allowed, except Hussey's banjo. They could 6. ________ camped on the ice but spring would melt it soon. On Aug 29th, 1916, they were crowded in a small boat on the 7. ________ of rocky Elephant Island. Soon after arriving, Shackleton left for South Georgia Island, 1,320km away, to get help: their only chance of 8. ________. It's cold and windy, but Frank Wild keeps everyone hopeful. Without Frank and Ernest all would be dead.
survive
edge
rescue
Imagine you are Perce Blackborow. Write a message in a bottle to explain your situation and ask for help.
Help!
We are crew members on the ship Endurance led by Sir Ernest Shackleton. Now we are stuck on Elephant Island. Please come to our rescue. Thanks a lot!
Imagine you are Perce Blackborow. Write a message in
a bottle to explain your situation and ask for help.
Help! My shipmates and I are trapped on Elephant Island, near South Georgia Island. We have no decent place to sleep and almost no food and water. Please send help as soon as possible!
Yours faithfully,
Perce Blackborow of the Sir Ernest Shackleton expedition to the South Pole
Grammar blanks (complete the passage according to the content of the text and the grammar rules)
It 1__________（happen） that I read about the Antarctic expedition in an advertisement. I was fit and 2__________（vigour），so I applied to join the expedition. But Shackleton turned me 3__________ because he thought I was too young and was not 4__________（qualify）. I secretly went aboard but 5_____________（unfortunate）I was later discovered. The journey 6__________ Antarctic was not easy. Endurance 7__________ （stick） in the ice and we had to abandon our ship. This was no time 8__________（panic）. Soon after we settled on Elephant Island，Shackleton left us to find help as it was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make 9__________. Though life was hard，Frank and Ernest’s genuine concern and 10_____________（persevere） filled me with hope.
down
happened
vigorous
qualified
unfortunately
to
was stuck
to panic
it
perseverance
a successful failure
applied for the ad but failed
the ship got stuck and sank.
hard time waiting for the rescue
on the ice.
secretly got aboard
summary
教材原句p.38
for a dangerous journey：small wages，bitter cold... 这是一次危险的旅行：工资微薄，严寒刺骨……
1. wage n.（通常指按周领的）工资
wages of ￡200 a week 一星期200 英镑的工资（=a weekly wage of ￡200）
a wage increase of 3% 3% 的加薪（=a wage rise of 3%）
wage cuts 减薪 、a very low/high wage 非常低/ 高的工资
wage demands/claims 工资要求
wage settlements 工资和解协议
agree to a voluntary wage freeze 同意自愿冻结工资
salary, wage, pay, income
词条 不同点
salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。
wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。
pay 指工资、薪水。
income 指收入、收益、所得。
【语境应用】用salary/wage/pay/income完成句子。
1) We expect a fair day’s _______ for a fair day’s work.
2) The president’s _______ is $200, 000 a year.
3) He doesn’t like the job, but the ________ is good.
4) The cost of living is now so high that you need to earn a good ________ just to keep your head above water.
wage
salary
pay
income
教材原句p.38 However，when I applied to join the
expedition， Shackleton turned me down... 然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我……
2. turn down 拒绝（提议、建议或提议人）；调低，关小
We have turned down four applicants already.
我们已经拒绝了4 位申请者。
Can you turn the TV down I’m trying to work.
你能把电视的声音关小一点吗？我正在努力工作。
turn短语
turn up 调大，开大(音量等)；突然露面
turn away 走开; 转身; 不让……进入
turn out 结果是……
turn to 求助于；致力于；翻倒; 转向(to是介词)
turn into 变成
turn over 移交; 翻身; 使翻转
turn on/off 开/关(电视、灯、水、煤气等)
turn in 上交(物品)
【语境应用】用含turn的短语的正确形式填空。
1) His request for a pay rise was _________ _________.
2) With no one to ___________ for help, she felt quite sad.
3) Though it looked like rain this morning, it has ____________ to be a fine day.
4) She was ____________ from the door. She couldn’t come in.
5) She was disappointed to find her suggestions ____________.
6) Don’t ___________ the computer before closing all programs, or you could have problems.
turned
turn to
turned out
turned away
down
turned down
turn off
教材原句p.38
...because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. ……因为
他认为我太年轻，没有资格。
3. qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等）
be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事
be qualified for sth. 适合做（有担任……的资格）
We think this young man is not qualified to do this job. 我们认为这个年轻人没有资格做这项工作。
Jane is well qualified for this teaching job. 简很适合做这项教学工作。
【学法点拨】
表示“胜任……”的其他短语有be equal to，be fit for，be adequate to 等。
It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you’ll be equal to it. 这是一份很有挑战性的工作，但是我相信你能胜任。
【词语积累】
qualify v.（使）具有资格，（使）合格；取得资格（或学历）
qualification n. 资格，条件；合格证书
教材原句p.38 But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going
along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance ... 但我非常想和他们一起去，于是我偷偷地登上了他的“坚忍”号……
4. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的
搭配 ：be/become enthusiastic about（doing）sth. 对（做）某事感兴趣；
I gathered from the way she replied that she wasn’t very enthusiastic.
She is enthusiastic about the new teaching method.
enthusiastically adv. 热心地；满腔热情地
enthusiasm n. 热情，热爱的事物 enthusiast n. 热心者；爱好者
with（great） enthusiasm（非常）热情地 full of enthusiasm 充满热情
5. aboard adv. & prep. 上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
Little Tom and the sailors spent two months aboard. 小汤姆和水手们在船上过了两个月。（副词）
The two girls went riding together aboard a horse’s back. 两个女孩一起骑在马背上出游。（介词）
【形近比较】
a+board（n. 木板）→ aboard adv. & prep. 在（船、飞机、公共汽车等） 上；上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
a+broad（adj. 宽阔的）→ abroad adv. 在国外；到国外
【词语辨析】aboard，on与in
这三个词后面都可接交通工具，其区别在于：
（1）aboard 通常接较大型的交通工具，如aboard a plane/train/ship/ bus 等。
（2）on 可接较大型的交通工具，自行车除外，如on a bus，on one’s bike。
（3）in 后常接小型的交通工具，如in a car。
教材原句p.38
He assigned me to be a steward，and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men... 他派我去当服务员，我现在为二十八个人供应伙食……
6. assign vt. 分派；布置（工作、任务等）；分配；指定，指派
They have assigned me a small room.他们已给我分配了一个小房间。
It is possible to assign an exact date to this building. 确定这座建筑物的确切年代是可能的。
Financial difficulties were assigned as the probable cause of his suicide.
The teacher assigned Wednesday evening to meet the parents.
【词语积累】
assignment n. 分配；指派；（分派的）任务
教材原句p.38 How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them
about the amazing places I have been to! 当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇
的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊!
7. envy vt. & n.
（1）vt. 羡慕；妒忌
envy sb. sth. 妒忌/ 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕/ 妒忌某人做某事
How I envy you. I wish I could make my hair curl like that.
我太羡慕你了，真希望我也能把头发卷成那样。
He will have a chance of visiting Guilin. We all envy him his good fortune.
他将有机会游览桂林，我们都很羡慕他的好运。
Some countries envied us relying mainly on our own efforts in building our country.
有些国家妒忌我们自力更生地建设我们的国家。
（2）n. 羡慕；妒忌
with envy 羡慕地；妒忌地
be the envy of 是令……妒忌/ 羡慕的对象
out of envy 出于忌妒
All the girls at the dance watched her with envy when she danced with the prince.
当她和王子跳舞时，舞会上所有的女孩都羡慕地看着她。
His new house was the envy of all his friends.
他的新房子让他所有的朋友都羡慕。
Her attitude toward him was out of envy.
她对他的态度是出于忌妒。
教材原句p.38 And when the ship sank，our hearts
sank with it. 船沉了，我们的心也跟着沉了。
8. sink vi.（sank/s k/ or sunk/s k/，sunk）沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没
搭配：be sunk in sth. 陷入不快（或沉思）中
The ship struck the rocks and sank. 那艘船触礁沉没了。
His heart sank at the thought. 想到这个他情绪低落。
She just sat there，sunk in thought. 她只是坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。
The enemy sank a merchant ship. It sank with the loss of 200 lives.
敌人击沉了一艘商船，随着该船的沉没有200 人丧生。
【词语积累】
sinking adj. 下沉的；沮丧的
教材原句p.38 Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together...
在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿平静地把我们叫到一起……
9. abandon vt.（不得已而）舍弃；（不顾责任、义务等）抛弃；放弃 （信念） n. 放任，放纵
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）
abandon...for... 为……而放弃……
with abandon 放纵地；恣意地
The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. 由于缺乏资金，这位科学家放弃了他的研究工作。
He abandoned studying abroad because of his father’s illness. 因为他父亲的病，他放弃了出国留学。
Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed. 那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
The chairman determined to abandon the project for the development of the whole company.
董事长决定为了整个公司的发展而放弃这个项目。
The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won. 当他们的足球队赢了时，球迷们便疯狂地欢呼。
【词语积累】
abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；（人、行为）放纵的，不羁的
教材原句p.38 We were not allowed to take most of our personal
belongings... 我们不被允许带走大部分的个人物品……
10. belongings n. ［pl.］财物；动产
She lost all her belongings in the fire. 她在那场火灾中失去了所有的财产。
I put a few personal belongings in a bag. 我把几件私人物品装进了包中。
【学法点拨】
（1）在名词中，有一类词是以-ings结尾的。这种形式的名词都以复数的形式出现，有的表示复数概念，有的表示单数概念，而有的单复数均可。此类词常见的有：savings（储蓄，积蓄），earnings（工资， 收益），leavings（剩饭，渣滓），surroundings（环境）等。
（2）belongings 的同根词belong 对应的短语belong to“属于”，既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。但可用belong to 的现在分词形式作后置定语。
They belong to the same chess club.他们属于同一个国际象棋俱乐部。
The bike belonging to me is under repair. 我的自行车正在修理中。
教材原句p.39 ...the voyage was too dangerous and
difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats. ……
这次航行 太危险，太困难了，我们所有人都没有办法乘坐小船到达那里。
11 .voyage n. & vi. 航行；（尤指）航海，航天
go on a voyage 去航海
make/take a voyage 去航海
How pleasant it is to go on a voyage on the smooth sea!
The ship is not in a condition to make a long voyage.
【词语辨析】voyage，journey，trip，tour 与 travel
（1）voyage n.［C］指（乘船或宇宙飞船的长途）航行。
（2）journey n.［C］常指远距离的陆地旅行，也指“旅程，旅途”。
（3）trip n.［C］指短途、短期旅行，远足，也指“因事出行”。
（4）tour n.［C，U］指（团队）观光旅游。
（5）travel n.［C，U］常指长距离旅行或国外旅行，是“旅行”的总称。
教材原句p.39 Their genuine concern for others，
their per-severance，and their resolve fill me with hope.他们 对他人真诚的关心，他们的毅力和决心让我充满了希望。
12. resolve n. & v.
（1）n. 决心；坚定的信念
He made a firm resolve to give up smoking. 他下定决心戒烟。
（2）vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）
From that moment，she resolved to trace the unknown element.
从那时起，她决心找出这种未知的元素。
He resolved that nothing should hold him back. 他决心不让任何事情阻挡他。
We can resolve the matter to your satisfaction. 我们能把这个问题解决得使你满意。
【词语积累】
resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
steward, envy, vigor, crush, bitter
Match the word with the correct definition.
unpleasantly cold; a strong taste without sugar
physical/mental energy and determination
person whose job is to serve food and drinks to passengers on a plane/ship
to wish that you had someone else’s possessions, abilities etc.
to press sth. so hard that it breaks or is damaged
bitter
vigor
steward
envy
crush
to go down below the surface of sth.
the things you own
to travel to a place, especially by ship
following moral standards; of a good enough standard or quality
a feeling that you really feel, not one you pretend to feel; something genuine really is what it seems to be
determination to keep trying to achieve something in spite of difficulties – use this to show approval
sink
belongings
voyage
decent
genuine
perseverance
Read the text and write a summary of about 60 words based on the text.
Perce was enthusiastic about the expedition to Antarctic with Shackleton.（要点1） He secretly went aboard but was later discovered.（要点2）The voyage was not easy and Endurance sank after it was stuck and crushed by the ice.（要点3）The crew had to settle on an isolated island with Shackleton going to seek help.（要点4） Life was miserable but Frank and Ernest’s concern and perseverance encouraged all the people. （要点5）
