2024年新教材高考英语第二轮专题练习--七选五　考点分类练2　词汇复现类（答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年新教材高考英语第二轮专题
考点分类练(二)　词汇复现类
(限时:25分钟)
Passage 1
(2023福建福州二模)
It’s always exciting to begin a new job.But among the frenzy (激动) of meeting new colleagues,starting new projects,and building new skills,there can be a stressful pressure to succeed.A big part of your success is determined by how quickly you are able to digest lots of information,which can be very hard.　1　
*Manage yourself
When you notice information overload,don’t ignore it and don’t panic.Say to yourself,“I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here.It’s okay to feel this way.”　2　 Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values.
*Sort your information
　3　 It keeps what it needs more immediately in our short-term memory,and it mixes together information we may need to use in the future to store in our long-term memory.For the information that’s not needed,our brain acts like a garbage management,recycling,and deleting it.
*　4　
Organizations often have digital knowledge management systems to store and take important information.You can do the same to reduce brain burden.I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store.
*Reduce task-switching
Multitasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition (认知).　5　You can go for longer than that,but be sure to take a break.Focused activity is less taxing than multitasking,but you can’t keep working endlessly.
A.Respond positively
B.Use technology to help
C.That problem is much easier to understand and solve.
D.Here are some methods to deal with the information overload.
E.For greater results,focus on one task for around 25 minutes.
F.Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that “takes in information”.
G.This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle.
Passage 2
(2023广东湛江二模)
Many people describe volunteering as merely an unpaid job where you put in the effort and get nothing in return.　1　Actually,volunteering has many benefits and you are always encouraged to volunteer your time to do what you are passionate about.
　2　 Volunteering time to enrich your community is a great way to broaden your perceptions of the world.It will enrich your life,familiarize you with your community,and connect you to people and ideas that will positively impact your perspective for the rest of your life.And by surrounding yourself with people who are dedicated to making the world better,you can learn so much about how the world works.
It is statistically proven that people who volunteer regularly are healthier both physically and mentally.Individuals who have volunteered throughout their lifetime typically live longer and have better psychological well-being.In addition to the health benefits,volunteering gives people a unique sense of purpose by serving those around them.　3　
Besides,working alongside individuals who also care about improving their surroundings will allow you to broaden your network of friends.　4　Additionally,it will help you better understand the circumstances of other members.
Whether you’re passionate about animal rights or helping the homeless,you can find a valuable way to donate your time.　5　They can be a great place to find opportunities to give back to the place you call home.Besides,you can check websites like Volunteer-Match or Idealist for volunteer opportunities that fit your interests and abilities.
A.However,it is not true to a certain extent.
B.How can you get involved in your community
C.Many towns and cities have community centers.
D.Why is it important for you to volunteer your time
E.Volunteering may even help you develop the expertise.
F.You’ll have more opportunities to meet lots of new people.
G.The sense of giving back and contributing to society is unequalled.
Passage 3
(2023河北石家庄一模)
Too much stuff,too much to do,too much stress...These are weighing people down and breaking their spirit.　1　 Here are several things to help you get started.
The first step is to sort out your possessions.To live a simple life,you need a simple living space.So take some time to tidy your living area.Focus on keeping things that you value deeply and throw away things that you don’t need any longer.　2　 Finally,you will be shocked to see how few possessions you actually use in your daily life.
　3　 As humans we tend to think what we are used to as naturally right.However,there could be problems in the million little things that bother us as we go about our day.The best skill you can develop in your life is the ability to take a step back and look at things objectively by raising doubts about what is seemingly the way it is supposed to be.
We should always stay mindful and live with intention.If there is something in your life that you don’t love,change it!Cut out the things that aren’t serving you.You can write down what an ideal day would look like for you in five years’ time.Then outline what things you want more in your life and what things you want less.　4　
Managing your time wisely counts.　5　 Instead,take some time to think about whether it’s something that you are excited about attending.Be intentional with how you spend your time and take control of what you do.This is how you can guarantee yourself a flexible schedule and do everything in an unhurried way.
A.Minimalists live intentionally.
B.Complete the process in several sweeps.
C.Don’t reply “yes” to everything you’re invited to.
D.With that in hand,you have a goal to work towards.
E.From time to time you need to question about your lifestyle.
F.That’s why there is a growing interest in the minimalist lifestyle.
G.Having a flexible schedule depends on you taking control of things.
Passage 4
(2023河北张家口二模)
Want to lower your blood pressure,lose weight and reduce the risk of diseases Go take a walk.
Walking,as a simple activity most of us do without much thought,offers a host of vital health benefits.　1　 It also contributes to improved bone strength,energy and mental health,among other things.Despite these advantages,our busy lives can be roadblocks.But there are simple ways to help you put one foot in front of the other.
Make it a habit.　2　 For busy folks who might forget to walk,you’d better put it in your calendar.Laterally give yourself an appointment—schedule it as “me time”.Over time,you will make walking one of your habits.
　3　 To avoid predictability or boredom,get others to join you.Whether it’s a co-worker,a family member or a friend,having someone else by your side can be a big encouragement.
Make it work.Office types needn’t be confined (限制) to your desks.If circumstances allow,consider a walking meeting.Group discussions can take place during a walk.Or,when you can,walk around the building during phone calls.　4　
Make use of technology.There’s no shortage of high tech fitness tools and apps designed to follow your every move.And it’s certainly fine to keep score.　5　 Instead,use those that count the amount of time you’re walking ideally 10 minutes or more in a given stretch.
With these tips to help you,you are sure to benefit a lot from walking.
A.Make it a group outing.
B.Make it a family activity.
C.Repetition is the mother of routine.
D.Seeing these scores can get you inspired.
E.And instead of sending email,walk over to talk to them.
F.But don’t choose trackers that simply monitor your step numbers.
G.For example,walking just 30 minutes a day can lower your risk of cancer.
答案：
考点分类练(二)　词汇复现类
Passage 1
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,作者针对新工作带来的过多信息,给出了四点建议。
1.D　设空处上文介绍了新工作所带来的压力和挑战——消化过多的信息;下文作者就如何处理大量信息提出四点建议;D项“Here are some methods to deal with the information overload”承上启下,符合语境,选项中的“the information overload”指代上文的“lots of information”,“some methods”指下文所给出的具体的解决方法。
2.G　由小标题“Manage yourself”可知本段的建议是管理好自己;上文“When you notice information overload...It’s okay to feel this way.”介绍了面对大量信息时,如何调整自己的心态和情绪;G项“This self-talk helps normalize the situation and makes the emotions easier to handle.”承接上文,说明自我对话所起到的作用。选项中的“This self-talk”指代上文“Say to yourself,‘I’m in a new job and there is plenty to learn here.It’s okay to feel this way.’ ”;下文“Remember that emotions can help you better understand yourself and your values.”阐述了管理好情绪的重要性;由此可知,G项符合本段主旨和语境。
3.F　由下文“It keeps what it needs more immediately...store in our long-term memory.”可知句中“It”指代设空处所提到的某种存储信息的东西;结合本段最后一句“For the information that’s not needed,our brain acts like a garbage management,recycling,and deleting it.”可知设空处提到是大脑。F项“Our brain is like a clever piece of equipment that ‘takes in information’.”符合语境,选项中的“takes in”与下文中的“keeps”和“store”表达的意义一致。
4.B　分析文章结构可知,设空处为此段的小标题;由下文内容可知作者在本段建议运用Word或Google文档来帮大脑减负;B项“Use technology to help”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为小标题。
5.E　上文“Multitasking isn’t good for you physically or mentally and is worse for your productivity and cognition.”阐述了同时处理多项任务的弊端;E项“For greater results,focus on one task for around 25 minutes.”针对上文所阐述的同时处理多任务的弊端提出了解决方法:专注于一项任务;下文承接E项,就专注于一项活动的时间进一步阐述,指出专注于一项工作时,时间不能太长,要注意休息。故选E项。
Passage 2
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些志愿服务的好处。
1.A　根据空前“Many people describe volunteering as merely an unpaid job where you put in the effort and get nothing in return.”可知,A项“However,it is not true to a certain extent.”作为过渡句,表示与上句的转折关系,其中it指代的就是上句提到的内容,且空后“Actually,volunteering has many benefits and you are always encouraged to volunteer your time to do what you are passionate about.”也是对A项的进一步解释。
2.D　根据本段空后内容可知,此处是在具体解释志愿服务的好处,这也是对D项“Why is it important for you to volunteer your time ”问题的回答。
3.G　根据空前“In addition to the health benefits,volunteering gives people a unique sense of purpose by serving those around them.”可知,此处的这种独特的使命感指的就是G项“The sense of giving back and contributing to society is unequalled.”中的回馈社会和为社会做贡献的感觉,且sense为词义复现。
4.F　根据空前“Besides,working alongside individuals who also care about improving their surroundings will allow you to broaden your network of friends.”可知,扩大朋友圈就是意味着交更多朋友,这与F项“You’ll have more opportunities to meet lots of new people.”内容一致。
5.C　根据空后“They can be a great place to find opportunities to give back to the place you call home.”可知,此处的“They”指的就是C项“Many towns and cities have community centers.”中community centers。建议人们可以去社区中心开展志愿服务工作,符合上下文语境。
Passage 3
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开始过上极简主义生活的几点建议。
1.F　根据空前的“Too much stuff,too much to do,too much stress...These are weighing people down and breaking their spirit.”可知,太多的事情,太多的压力让人们不堪重负;空后“Here are several things to help you get started.”讲述的是帮助你如何开始,由此可知,该空为过渡句,引出帮助人们开始过上的是什么样的生活。F项“That’s why there is a growing interest in the minimalist lifestyle.”讲述的是人们对过极简生活方式感兴趣,与空前为因果关系,同时过渡到下文,起到了承上启下的作用。
2.B　根据空后的“Finally,you will be shocked to see how few possessions you actually use in your daily life.”可知,最后你会对自己的成果感到惊讶,所以可推断,此空应表示打扫的工作已经完成。B项“Complete the process in several sweeps.”中的完成这一过程与下文内容衔接,符合逻辑。
3.E　根据空后的“The best skill you can develop in your life is the ability to take a step back and look at things objectively by raising doubts about what is seemingly the way it is supposed to be.”可知,作者建议人们对看似应该是这样的事情提出质疑。E项“From time to time you need to question about your lifestyle.”质疑当前的生活方式,与下文内容吻合。
4.D　根据本段主题句“We should always stay mindful and live with intention.”可知,本段讲述的内容是建议我们带着目标生活。D项“With that in hand,you have a goal to work towards.”讲述的是我们有为之努力的目标,其中的goal与intention为同义词,且与主题吻合。
5.C　根据空后的“Instead,take some time to think about whether it’s something that you are excited about attending.”的Instead可知,此处讲述的内容是该如何做,所以空处应为不要做什么。C项“Don’t reply ‘yes’ to everything you’re invited to.”讲述的是不要事事都答应,内容符合题意且逻辑合理。
Passage 4
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了步行的好处以及一些简单但是能够帮助你多走路的方法。
1.G　根据上文“Walking,as a simple activity most of us do without much thought,offers a host of vital health benefits.”可知,本段主要讲述的是步行带来的好处。G项“For example,walking just 30 minutes a day can lower your risk of cancer.”符合语境。
2.C　根据本段主旨句“Make it a habit.”可知,本段建议让走路成为一种习惯。C项中的“routine”和“habit”对应。故选C项。
3.A　根据下文“To avoid predictability or boredom,get others to join you.”可知,本段建议人们为了避免枯燥无聊,让别人加入。A项“Make it a group outing.”符合语境。
4.E　根据上文“Office types needn’t be confined...walk around the building during phone calls.”可知,本段内容建议工作期间人们的活动范围不要局限于办公桌附近,要尝试大家一起散步,从而在散步中解决问题,也可以在打电话时迈开步子,所以此处也是建议人们离开办公桌多步行。E项“And instead of sending email,walk over to talk to them.”符合语境。
5.F　根据段落主题句“Make use of technology.”可知,本段建议人们使用高科技健身工具和应用程序来进行监测,因此F项“But don’t choose trackers that simply monitor your step numbers.”符合语境,和后句内容形成对比。
词汇积累:
1.(Passage 1)digest vt.消化,理解,领悟
2.(Passage 1)panic vi. 恐慌,惊慌失措
3.(Passage 1)sort vt.整理,把……分类
4.(Passage 2)in return作为回报
5.(Passage 2)be passionate about对于……很热情
6.(Passage 2)be dedicated to致力于,献身于
7.(Passage 2)surround yourself with喜欢结交(某类人)
8.(Passage 3)raise doubts about对……提出质疑
9.(Passage 3)cut out删除
10.(Passage 4)circumstance n.情况
长难句分析:
(Passage 1)I recommend creating a Word or Google document in which you write down information that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store.
分析:本句为复合句。in which you write down information为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句;that your brain doesn’t need to remember or store为that引导的定语从句。
句意:我建议创建一个Word或Google文档,在其中写下大脑不需要记住或存储的信息。
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