外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger Using language 学案（含答案）

Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger
Using language
学习目标
1. 掌握本节生词的表达与运用。
2. 掌握非限制性定语从句的用法。
3. 通过课堂练习，对课文内容有更深入的了解。
知识运用
1. come off
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
come about 发生，产生
come up 走近；发生；被提到
come to 达到(某状况)；总共
come back to life 复活
come across 偶然遇见；偶然发现
come out 出版，发行
come up with 想出，想到(主意、答案)
come over 来访，拜访
come into being 形成，出现
练习： Scientists have come up _______ a shocking idea.
2. cheat
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
feel cheated 感觉被骗
cheat sb. into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事
cheat sb. (out) of sth 骗某人的东西
cheat at/in... 在……中作弊
练习：She cheated her little sister out _______ some money.
3. participate in
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
participation n.参加参与
participant n.参与者，参加者
练习：Both teams train for two hours a day and participate _________ competitions regularly.
4. compete
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
competition n. 竞争；比赛；角逐
competitive adj. 竞争的；比赛的
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
compete for 为……而比赛/竞争
compete against/with 与……竞争/比赛
compete in 参加……的比赛
练习：Over 200 _________ (compete) entered the petitors
5. remarkable
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
remark n. 谈论；评论
remark that... 评论……
remark about/on/upon 评论；谈论
make no remark 不加评论
have/make a remark/remarks upon/on/about/at 谈论，就……发表意见
练习：The editor _________ (remark) that the article was well written.
6. deserve
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
deserving adj. 应得的；值得的
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
deserve to do... 应该做/应受.....
deserve to be done=deserve doing... 应该/值得......
be deserving of... 值得......
练习：The situation _________ (deserve) attention.
语法解析
动名词（-ing）作主语
一、概述
动词-ing形式是由动词变化而来，它保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。把动词-ing 形式放于主语的位置，作主语,通常用以表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
Walking is a good exercise for both young and old.
散步是一种老少皆宜的运动。
Travelling abroad can be very exciting.
出国旅游可能是很激动人心的。
二、作主语的几种常见用法
1. 动词-ing形式作主语，动词-ing 形式有名词的特征。
Swimming is a good sport in summer.
在夏天，游泳是一项很好的运动。
Teaching English in a middle school is my full-time job.
在中学教英语是我的专职工作。
In some Arabian countries, shaking one's head from side to side means agreement.
在一些阿拉伯国家,摇头表示同意。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语,有时也可用“It is...十动词-ing形式”结构。it作形式主语时把动词-ing形式（真实主语）置于句子后部作后置主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
It is no use telling him not to worry.
告诉他别担心是没有用的。
It's no good sitting here without doing anything.
在这儿干坐着是没有用的。
注意：常见的用于这种结构的形容词还有:wonderful、enjoyable、interesting、foolish、difficult、useless、senseless、worthwhile等。
3. 当句型 There is no...表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
4.用于布告形式的省略结构中。
No smoking =No smoking is allowed (here).
禁止吸烟。
5.当动词-ing有自己的逻辑主语时，常在前面加上个名词所有格或形容词性物主代词,构成动词-ing 形式的复合结构(这时名词所有格或形容词性物主代词作动词-ing形式的逻辑主语)。动词-ing 形式的复合结构也可以在中作主语。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us
他们来帮助我们对我们是个极大的鼓舞。
三、动词-ing形式和不定式作主语的区别
动词-ing形式和不定式结构都可作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作时，一般用动词-ing 形式作主语；表示具体的，特别是将来的动作时，一般用不定式结构。
Watching TV is my favourite.sa
看电视是我的爱好。
To finish the work in a week is impossible.
一周内完成工作是不可能的。
注意：①单个动词-ing 形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Being honest is the first thing people should learn.
诚实是人们应该学习的第一件事。
Solving these problems needs more efforts than we expected
解决这些问题比我们预期的要付出更多的努力。
Learning new words is very important.
学习新单词是非常重要的。
②两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词-ing形式主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
Collecting stamps and running are his hobbies.
集邮和跑步是他的业余爱好。
练习：
1. _______ (eat) too much chocolate is bad for your teeth.
2. _______ (watch) films is my favourite pastime.
3. _______ (read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.
4. Life is a struggle that must be accepted _______ (accept) the struggle happily or miserably is up to us to decide.
5. There is no _______ (say) when he'll come.
6. _______ (finish) the task will take a long time.
答案
知识运用
1. with 2. of 3. in 4. competitors 5. remarked 6. deserves
语法解析
1. Eating 2.Watching 3. Reading 4. Accepting 5. saying 6. To finish
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