外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 A New Start Developing ideas 单词课件(共48张PPT)

(共48张PPT)
Unit 1 A New Start
developing ideas 词汇讲解
award
智者创造机会,而不是等待机会。—— 弗朗西斯·培根
n.
[C](often in names of particular awards)a prize such as money, etc. for something that somebody has done. 奖；奖品；奖金
win / get / gain /receive an award
v.
to make an official decision to give sth to sb as a payment, prize, etc.
award sb sth / award sth to sb
opportunity
智者创造机会,而不是等待机会。—— 弗朗西斯·培根
弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon，1561一1626），英国文艺复兴时期散文家、哲学家。英国唯物主义哲学家，实验科学的创始人，是近代归纳法的创始人，又是给科学研究程序进行逻辑组织化的先驱。主要著作有《新工具》、《论科学的增进》以及《学术的伟大复兴》等。
有智慧的人创造的机会比遇到的多
opportunity
n [C] & [U] 机会；时机 (chance)：
(a) rare / golden / perfect opportunity
take / seize / use / provide / miss an opportunity (to do sth)
Orientation Day is a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students. 外研新必修① – 1
To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can.
Mealtimes are an excellent opportunity for conversation.
subscribe v.
subscribe (to something) to arrange to have regular access to an electronic information service or other internet service 订阅（报纸或杂志）
eg. He subscribed to a newsgroup (= on the internet).
eg. To hear the full interview, subscribe to the free National Geographic News podcast.
[U] 视野；视线 the ability to see sth or to be seen from a particular place：
There was usually nobody in view except some sheep in the grassland.
The lake came into view as we turned the corner.
Sit down — you’re blocking my view.
view n
[C] 风景；景色 what you can see from a particular place：
While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.
I’d like a room with a sea view / a commanding view. (俯瞰景色）
侧重表示从某处可看到的“远景”，尤指从窗口、高处等看到的景色。
[C] 观点；看法 an opinion or idea about sth (opinion)：
Jill and I have different views on / about the subject.
In my view, playing computer games is a waste of time.
Can’t you see things from my point of view
Your view of life is different from mine.
in view of 鉴于；考虑到：
In view of the weather, the event will be held indoors.
on view 在展出；展览着：
The painting is currently on view at the gallery.
① [正式用语] 看；观看；观赏：
These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.
② 看待 (see)：
We view film as a type of contemporary art.
viewer n [C] (电视) 观众；观察者
v
①vi 获得学位；毕业：
He graduated in physics from Cambridge University.
He was born in 1942 in Oxford and graduated from Oxford University.
②vt 使……毕业；授予……学位：
The college graduated 500 students last year.
③ vi 逐渐升级为：
I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. 2020 浙江
graduate
graduation n
①[U] 毕业：
a graduation certificate
A year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. 2011 广东
②[U] & [C] 毕业典礼：
attend the graduation
n [C] 学位获得者；毕业生：
a graduate school
a graduate in medicine / a medicine graduate
He’s a graduate of Harvard.
词汇拓展
orientation n. 培训，迎新
Orientation Day 迎新日
frightened adj 受惊的；害怕的 afraid; feeling fear：
Frightened children were calling for their mothers.
be frightened of (doing) sth:
Are you frightened of thunder
I’m frightened of walking home alone at midnight.
【分词形容词】
frightening adj 令人害怕的；吓人的 making you feel afraid ：
a frightening experience / thought
用括号内单词的适当形式填空，体会分词形容词。
1. This story is _________ (interest) and fun for the whole family to enjoy. (2014 全国)
2. I’m really ________ (interest) in this position and hope I can work for you. (2014 辽宁)
3. They say it’s _______ (bore) to hear the same songs all the time.
4. _______ (bore) with life in the city, he moved to a village.
5. Starting university can be exciting, and can also be _______ (worry).
5. She was very _______ (worry) about her sick mother.
interested
interesting
Bored
boring
worried
worrying
分词形容词：很多动词的-ing分词和-ed分词已经成为独立词条的形容词，甚至有些分词形容词比其动词形式更为常用。例如：interested / interesting, excited / exciting, bored / boring, surprised / surprising, worried / worrying, tired / tiring, frightened / freighting
将上面的分词形容词分类：
表示人的感受：
表示人/物给人带来的感受：
interested, excited, bored, worried, tired, frightened
interesting, exciting, boring, worrying, tiring, frightening
sight
[U] 视力；视觉：
have good / poor sight
When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog.
[U] 看见；瞥见：
Just the sight of the monster made her go all weak.
[U] 视域；眼界；视线：
I glanced around me quickly. There was no one in sight.
She never lets her daughter out of her sight.
[C] 看见的事物；景象；情景：
The practice of hanging flags is a common sight
in many parts of the country on National day.
[复数] 名胜；景点 = places of interests
Overseas visitors are impressed by the beautiful sights of Beijing.
at first sight 一见(就)；乍一看：
At first sight, there is nothing special about the watch, but in fact it is a mobile phone.
at the sight of 一看见：
Some people will faint at the sight of blood. ‘
catch sight of 看见；发现：
Suddenly, I caught sight of my English teacher in the crowd.
come into sight 进入视线；映入眼帘：
As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses came into sight.
lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记：
I lost sight of him in the crowd.
sight的搭配
figure的前世今生
在《圣经》中，亚当和夏娃偷吃了禁果之后，有了羞耻感，于是夏娃就想找个树叶子来遮挡自己的身体。柳树叶子太小，梧桐叶子又太大，身边正好有无花果（fig）树，就摘了无花果的叶子作为贴身短衣。
因为fig是用来遮挡身体形状的，所以figure的含义引申为“形状”。
[常用复数]数字；位数；算术：
the latest trade figures
have a head for figures
He got a job, earning close to six figures.
(尤指女性的) 体形 / 身材 / 身影：
a tall figure in black
Every woman wants a slim figure these days.
figure n
人物；人士 a person who is important or famous：
a public / a leading / an authority figure
画像；塑像：
a bronze figure of a horse
图表；图形：
See Figure 1.
A triangle is a three-sided figure.
figure v.
vi 是重要部分；是……的部分 to be an important part of sth ：
My feeling about the matter didn’t seem to figure at all.
vt [非正式用语] 认为；估计 to think or guess sth ：
From the way he behaved, I figured (that) he was drunk.
vt (AmE) 计算：
I’m just figuring my expenses.
figure out 弄清楚；弄明白；计算出：
I couldn’t figure out what I had done to annoy my boss.
go all out
to try very hard to do or get something 鼓足干劲，全力以赴
e.g. We’re going all out for victory in this afternoon’s game. 在今天下午的比赛中，我们将全力以赴争取胜利。
1) go all out for sth.
e.g. The police are going all out to put a stop to the violence．
警察们正全力以赴制止这场暴力。
2) go all out to do sth.
select
玩游戏的时候，你曾为“挑选”角色苦恼过吗？
挑选又如何表达呢？
select
vt (经过认真思考而) 挑选；精选 to choose sb / sth, usually carefully, from a number of similar things：
① select sb / sth for sth:
He had hopes of being selected for the national team.
② select sb / sth as sth:
Mr Clark was selected as the Best Teacher of the Year.
③ select sb / sth to do sth:
He’s the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the Model United Nations conference.
辨 select, choose, pick 三者都有“选择”之意。
select 指“精选”，是基于要求从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的。select比choose更正式。
choose 指挑选自己喜欢的人或物；决定或更喜欢做某事。choose 泛指选择，可不带宾语。
You choose — I can’t decide. 你来选，我决定不了。
pick 指从一群人或一组事物中选出一个或一些，可泛指选择，口语用词。
词汇拓展
selective adj 慎重选择的；精挑细选的
selection n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物；选集：
make a selection
Selections From Charles Dickens《狄更斯选集》
particular
n.细节；详情
eg. The police took down all the particulars of the burglary.
这名警察记下了盗窃案发生的详细细节。
adj.
①专指的；特指的(=specific)
eg. Is there a particular type of book he enjoys 他有特别喜爱的某一类书籍吗？
②格外的；特别的(=special)
eg. These documents are of particular interest.
in particular
especially or particularly 尤其；格外；特别
eg. I like eating fruits, apples in particular. 我喜欢吃水果，尤其是苹果。
rainbow n.彩虹
neat adj.
①好的；令人愉快的
②整洁的；整齐的 ~room/ handwriting
specific adj.
connected with one particular thing only (= particular）具体的；特定的
specific needs/requirements
specific problems/issues
refer (...) to
谈到；提到 (mention):
The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.
查阅；参考：
While giving the English speech, one is not allowed to refer to the notes.
refer v
指的是 to describe or be connected to sb / sth：
The word business also refers to an organization that provides goods and services.
把……提交给；把……委托给：
My colleague said that as the situation was unusual he would refer the matter to his editor.
journal n.keep a journal/ diary写日记■n[C]斗争；奋斗；难事：Thestruggle forfreedom was long and hard.Itwas a struggle for herto make him understand.struggle■vi (与某人) 搏斗；斗争；挣扎：struggle to one’s feetstruggle one’s way to① struggle with / against:He has been struggling with illness for years.② struggle for / to do sth:struggle for freedom / independence / human rightsMany of the families were struggling to make ends meet.memorise v.记住；熟记
memory+ -ise（使）=memorise
skateboarding n.滑板运动
the sport or activity of riding on a skateboard
forward look forward to
包含介词to的短语：
adapt to 适应
be devoted to 致力于
be/get used to 习惯于
contribute to 贡献；有助于；促成
get down to 开始认真做
lead to 导致
object to 反对
pay attention to 注意
stick to 坚持
forward look forward to
committee n.委员会
improve the environment
His health is improving.
We had better ask our teachers or classmates for advice on how to improve our writing.
improve on / upon 对……做出改进；做得比……更好：
Lily has scored 98 in the maths test, and I don’t think anyone will improve on that.
词汇拓展
improvement n [U] & [C] 改良；改善；改进处
improve
vt & vi 改善；提高：
rate n.
birth / heart rate;
at a … rate / speed of
first-rate / second-rate / third-rate
perform & performance
“A Buddism godness Guanyin Bodhisattva” is the Chinese national cultural heritage of mankind. It is ______ (perform) by disabled _______ (perform). The ________ (perform) moved the whole China.
performed
performers
performance
vt 做；履行；执行 to do sth, especially sth difficult or useful (carry out)：
perform an experiment / an operation / a miracle
You should perform your duties / promise.
vt & vi 表演；演出：
I’ve never seen a Shakespeare’s play performed so wonderfully.
vi 表现；运转：
He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.
The machine is performing very poorly.
perform v 学术词汇
日常英语中更常用carry out
[C] 表演；演出：
give a live performance
put on a performance of Hamlet
[C] & [U] 表现；业绩：
academic performance
My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic about my future.
He criticized the recent poor performance of the company.
performance n
performer n [C] 表演者；执行者
exchange
■ n
① [C] & [U] 交换；交流：
an exchange student
Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera
②[C] (商品的) 调换：
The store’s policy is not to allow returns or exchanges.
foreign exchange
③[U] (货币的) 兑换：
④[C] 交易所：
New York Stock Exchange
① 交换；交流：
exchange views / ideas
Before graduation, students exchange presents with each other.
■ vt
“交换”时与 with 搭配
“更换”时与 for 搭配
② 更换；兑换 (change)：
I’d like to exchange this dress for one in a larger size.
You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel.
拓展
这是特朗普和希拉里在2016年竞选美国总统时的情形。据说这是美国史上最没底线的总统大选辩论。Why 因为Trump and Clinton exchanged heavily in personal attacks.
exchange的意义由交换具体的人或物到交换抽象的东西如思想或信息的转变。如果双方心平气和地交换思想或信息，可称为“交流”。如果双方怒气冲冲地交换的内容是人身攻击 (personal attacks)，严肃的说法是“争论”，通俗的说法是“互撕”。