北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 Information technology Lesson 3 Internet and friendships Reading (1)课件 (共31张PP

(共31张PPT)
Information Technology
Unit 4
Lesson 3—Reading (1)
Lead in
Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendship
Lead in
Give your reasons.
Positive aspects
Negative aspects
Pre-reading
1.Argumentative writing(议论文)：以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实、讲道理、直接表达自己的观点和主张的文章体裁。
2.Topic sentence(主题句/论点)：陈述文章或每一个段落的主旨。
3.Supporting details(支持性细节/支撑句/论据)：支撑句提供关于该主题的更多信息。
4. 注意：在高考阅读中，利用文章或段落的结构关系解题至关重要，段落的语篇结构通常是主题句（总）+支持性细节（分）。
Read and think
Read the first blog post “The Internet Harms Friendships”.
Underline the general idea and the topic sentence for each argument.
Read and think
“General idea” usually comes from the first paragraph of the passage.
Read and think
“Topic sentence” usually comes from the first sentence of the paragraph.
Read and think
Read the first blog post again. Complete the information on the left side of the diagram.
Read and think
What is “Topic sentence” and “Supporting details”
Read and think
A topic sentence states the general idea or the main point of a text or paragraph.
Supporting details give more information about that topic.
The Internet Harms Friendships
While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships.
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
while引导让步状语从句时，意为"虽然，尽管"，相当于though或although,从句一般位于句首。
Eg:While/Though/Although it was very late, he still went on working.
虽然很晚了，但他还在继续工作。
while 引导让步状语从句
主句
Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. As we know, important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.
V-ing(动名词)做主语谓语动词用单数
不能替代
根据
V-ing(动名词)做主语谓语动词用单数
比较级：more+多音节词
更困难
众所周知
be done：被动语态 被培养
强调句：It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他
主题句：论点
支撑性细节：论据
It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.
强调句型：It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他
1.当被强调部分是人时，that可用who代替
2.It is/was 去掉之后，整个句子依然完整。
It was I that/who saw him in the street yesterday.
昨天我是在街上看见的他。
昨天我在街上看见的就是他。
昨天是我在街上看见的他。
It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday.
It was in the street that I saw him yeaterday.
Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred—not thinking of
anyone or anything but themselves. For example, instead of having proper conversations with their friends, some people are only concerned with their
online popularity—How many “likes” did I get How many followers do I
have —though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot
compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships.
主题句：论点
以自我为中心的
考虑
除了
例如，
而不是
只关心
普及；流行；人气
点赞
关注者
尽管
……的数量
与……相比
长期和有意义的
翻译：其次，互联网使人们以自我为中心，不去考虑除自己之外的任何人或任何事。例如，一些人不再和朋友好好地交谈了，他们只关心他们的网上人气——我得了多少个“赞”？我有多少个关注者——尽管我们知道“赞”或关注者的数量无法与拥有长期和有益的友谊相比。
正确的
have proper conversations with sb和某人好好交流
支撑性
细节：
论据
In addition, a lot of the content （posted on social media）
is shallow or trivial. Posts about funny cat images do not
necessarily help form meaningful relationships.
过去分词表被动做后置定语，修饰前面的“content”
n. 发布的内容；帖子
必要地；必然地
翻译：此外，很多被发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。在网上发布搞笑猫咪的图片并不一定会帮助我们发展有意义的关系。
另外
v.发布
adj.有意义的
支撑性
细节：
论据
Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust信任, and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to is being honest about who they are. Because of this, going online can be particularly dangerous危险的 for people who are easily influenced(vt.影响) or too trusting轻信的.
第三，网络关系可能并不是它们看起来的样子。友谊建立在信任的基础上，通过线上交流，你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。因此，对于那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说，上网尤其危险。
①what 引导表语从句“看起来是什么(样子)”
①appear(vi.)出现 appear to be 以(…状态)出现→看起来是…
②基于…；在…基础上
③with的复合结构：“随着/伴着/带着/通过”
④be sure that从句: “确信…”
[ ]
⑤省略关系代词that的 从句； 。
定语
名、代之后是定从
⑤who引导的宾语从句；动、介之后是宾从；who+陈述语序
[ ]
⑧关系代词who引导的定语从句:“容易被影响或太过轻信的”people
主题句：论点
支撑性
细节：
论据
更专注于
In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face
= as far as I am concerned 在我看来
communication, and less on online communication. This is
面对面交流 线上交流
the best way to maintain healthy relationships.
…的最好方法，to do 不定式表式：…的
在我看来，朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流，少进行线上交流。这是保持健康关系的最佳方式。
Read and think
Argument 1
Topic sentence: Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact.
Supporting details: Images really cannot replace a real life smile or munication through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
As we know, important social skills developed through direct contact with other people.
Read and think
Argument 2
Topic sentence: Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred.
Supporting details: Instead of having proper conversations with their friends, some people are only concerned with their online popularity. In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
Read and think
Argument 3
Topic sentence: Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be.
Supporting details: Friendships are built on the basis of trust and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to is being honest about who they are.
1. 他们用公共汽车(buses)代替了电车(trams)。________________________________________________________________2. 你应该专心于你的工作。________________________________________________________________3. 是他昨天买了一架照相机(camera)。(强调句：it +be+被强调部分+that物/who人……)________________________________________________________________
They replaced trams with buses.
You should concentrate on/focus on/pay attention to your work.
It was him that/who bought a camera yesterday.
练
1. give you lots of room for ____________给你很大的创作空间 12.05限时练
2. look forward to __________presents 期待挑选礼物 根据语境填空
3.experiment________________ 一次又一次做实验
4.________________the dirt of the past year 扫除去年的积尘
5._______________computer games 沉迷于电脑游戏
6. _______________backgrounds 各种各样的背景
7. a ____________ choice 一个明智的选择
8. an ______________look 一个期待的表情
9. ____________ it in a positive light 从积极的角度看待它
10. in ____________ clothes
be addicted to
creativity
selecting
over and over
sweep away
词汇派生 12.05
1. ________ adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的→ ________ n.力量；电力；势力→ ________ adj. 无力的；无能力的，无权的
2. ________ n.现实；真实→ ________ adj.实际的；真实的________ vt.实现；意识到；了解
3. ________ v.压；按；逼迫 n.压；按，新闻界→ ________ n.压力；压迫，压强 v.迫使；密封；使…...增压
4. ________ vi.订阅；订购→ ________ n.订阅；订购；订购款
describe v.描述；描写→description n.描述;描写
5. ________ n.恩惠；善意的行为→ ________ adj.最喜爱的
12.06 词汇派生
1. ________ adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的→ ________ n.力量；电力；势力→ ________ adj. 无力的；无能力的，无权的
2. ________ n.伤害；损害→ ________ adj.有害的________ adj.无害的
3. ________ n.现实；真实→ ________ adj.实际的；真实的________ vt.实现；意识到；了解
4. ________ v.创造→ ________ adj.有创意的;创造性的→ ________ n.创造力;独创性;创意
5. ________ vt.取代;代替→ ________ n.取代;替换的人
develop v.发展;开发→development n.发展
语法填空（12.04）
1.Her eyes took a while to accommodate the darkness.
2.Technology has a （power）effect on people.
3.The radio is broadcasting the （late）news.
4.We also need to take account the cost of producing news print.
5.My parents are in favour of my (favor) soccer star.
6.He admitted ________ (cheat) in the exam．
7.Plastic shopping bags make our shopping (convenience), but they also do harm to the environment.
8._____________(obvious), they didn’t want to spend too much money on it.
9.We’re very _____________(concern) about the pandemic situation.
10.The software______________(enable) you to get information from the Internet
1：按顺序做题，寻找文中关键词，注意选项中的同义替换。
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. （地名不用管）— Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood（人名不用管） — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains（地名） to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College（校名）. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo（地名）. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead（地名） is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden（人名）, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s（人名） granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
2.注重背诵单词，努力运用学过的知识猜文章意思。
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” (2022 高考乙卷B篇）
26. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
27. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
略读文章抓大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。
重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。事实上，如果没有时间来得及通读或细读，或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂，建议通过一些技巧，也基本上可以得满分。
从试题位置上判断——问题在段首假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。
[示例 1] Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
B. It is putting confidence in someone.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
[示例 2] From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time. ___ Money is a topic I'll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
从试题位置上判断——问题在段首假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容(尤其是空白后的第一句)，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。
A. Learn to really trust yourself.
B. It is putting confidence in someone.
C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead.
Have you ever lost your temper (脾气) Did you shout or want to hit someone ___1___You may get angry when something doesn't go your way. Maybe you get mad at yourself when you don't understand your homework or when your team loses an important game. Maybe your teacher gave you too much homework. Or maybe a friend borrowed your favorite video game and then broke it. That made you angryThere are different ways people feel anger. ___2___Are you breathing faster Is your face bright red Do you want to break something or hit someone Anger can make you shout at those around you, even people you like or loveSome people keep their anger buried deep inside. If you do this, you might get a headache or your stomach might start to hurt. You may start to cry. ___3___You should find a way to let it out without hurting yourself or othersDon't lose control if you get angry. ___4___Instead. admit to yourself that you are angry and try to know why. What can you do to keep the situation from happening again If your little sister gets a toy and you don't, it's not OK to break that toy. Maybe you can ask her to share it with you. It helps to talk about your anger with an adult, such as a parent, teacher, or relative.___5___
A. It's not good to hide your anger.B. Anger can even be a good thing.C. Many things may make children angry.D. Taking it out on others never solves anything。E.Usually your body will tell you when you are angry.F.Once you talk about anger, those bad feelings usually start to go away.G.When someone you know is angry, he or she may stop talking to you or become quiet.