本资料来自于资源最齐全的21世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
1.(2014·大连双基测试)In th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e past several weeks,many cities in Northern China ________ from heavy fogs,causing great inconvenience to people.
A.suffered B.have been suffering
C.were suffered D.had been suffered
解析 考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几个星 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期里,中国北方的许多城市一直遭受着浓雾天气,给人们带来了极大的不便。由“In the past several weeks”可知,此处应用现在完成进行时,表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去,且many cities与suffer之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故B项正确。21教育网
答案 B
2.(2014·厦门适应性考试)The e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arthquake,which occurred at 8:58,didn't cause many deaths,for most people ________.
A.got up B.had got up
C.were getting up D.have got up
解析 考查时态。句意:发生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在8:58的地震没有造成许多人死亡,因为(那时候)大多数人已经起床了。根据occurred可知,地震发生在过去,而人们起床发生在地震之前,所以应用过去完成时。2·1·c·n·j·y
答案 B
3.(2014·四川省都江堰市第二次诊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )断)China's labor supply will continue to rise,despite the fact that the working age population ________.
A.has decrease B.was decreasing
C.will be decreasing D.is decreasing
解析 考查时态。句意:中国的劳动力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )供给将继续增长,尽管处于工作年龄段的人口在减少。由the fact可知,此处指现阶段正在发生的事,应用现在进行时。21·cn·jy·com
答案 D
4.(2014·江西师大附中,鹰潭 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一中高三联考)—Mr.Harry,we want to hear what you think about the reform being carried out in our school.21cnjy.com
—OK,I ________ to that.
A.am coming B.have come
C.came D.come
解析 考查时态。句意:“Harry先生,我们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )想听听你对于我们学校正在实施的改革的意见。”“好的,我正要讲到(那个事情)。”I am coming to that意为“我正要讲到(那个事情)”,符合语境。此处用现在进行时表示将来。
答案 A
5.(2014·潍坊市联合考试)—Got your driving license
—Yes.It is a week since I ________ the driving test.www.21-cn-jy.com
A.have passed B.passed
C.will pass D.had passed
解析 考查时态。句意:“你 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )拿到驾驶证了吗?”“拿到了。我已经通过驾驶考试一个星期了。”在固定句型结构It is+一段时间+since...中,主句若用一般现在时,从句应用一般过去时,故选B。【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
答案 B
6.(2014·山西太原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )五校联合测试)Come in and sit down and I ________ you what I've found recently.2-1-c-n-j-y
A.show B.will show
C.showed D.was showing
解析 考查时态。句意:进来坐下,我要给你看我最近发现的东西。祈使句后接and/or连接的陈述句中常用一般将来时。故选B。 21*cnjy*com
答案 B
7.(2014·四川省宜宾五校第二次调 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查考试)In the past few centuries,the lighthouses along North Carolina's coast ________ as signs of safety for travelers at sea.
A.were recognized B.have recognized
C.recognized D.have been recognized
解析 考查时态和语态。句意:过去的几个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )世纪,沿着北卡罗来纳州海岸的灯塔是海上旅行者们公认的安全标志。recognize和the lighthouses是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态。根据时间状语“In the past few centuries”可知,此处应用现在完成时。21*cnjy*com
答案 D
8.(2014·济南4月巩固性训练)—When are you leaving for Chicago
—As soon as we ________ the project.
A.are completing B.completed
C.will complete D.complete
解析 考查时态。答语是一个省略句, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )补充完整为“We are leaving for Chicago as soon as we complete the project.”。在时间状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选D。
答案 D
9.(2014·济南市名校第四次诊断性测 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )试)I ________ a lesson in the classroom when you called me,so I didn't answer it.
A.gave B.was giving
C.would give D.have been giving
解析 考查时态。句意:当你打电话给我的时候我正在上课,因此我没有接电话。根据句意可知,此处表示过去正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时。
答案 B
10.(2014·青岛一模)I th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ought the teacher would say something about our exam result but he ________ it.【出处:21教育名师】
A.doesn't mention B.hasn't mentioned
C.wouldn't mention D.didn't mention
解析 考查时态。句意:我以为老师会就我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们的考试结果说些什么,但是他提都没提。根据句意可知,此处表示的是发生在过去的一件事情,因此用一般过去时。
答案 D
11.(2014·安徽三所示范 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高中质量检查)The police have put up posters around the city with photos of the man they ________ in connection with the killing of a customer outside a bank.
A.seek B.are seeking
C.have sought D.have been seeking
解析 考查时态。句意:警方在全城张贴了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他们正在搜寻的那个男人的照片,那个男人与一起在银行外发生的谋杀案有关。根据句意可知,seek这个动作正在进行,所以用现在进行时。
答案 B
12.(2014·江西九校第二次联考)Ov ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er the past month,Chinese cinema ________ the great success of the low budget film Lost in Thailand.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A.witnessed B.has witnessed
C.would witness D.had witnessed
解析 考查时态。句意:在过去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的那一个月里中国电影院见证了《人在囧途之泰囧》这部小成本电影的巨大成功。“over/during/in+the past/last+一段时间”常常与现在完成时连用。
答案 B
13.(2014·陕西咸阳高考模拟考试 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))Hurry up!Otherwise by the time we get to the church,the wedding ceremony ________.
A.will have finished B.has finished
C.had finished D.must have finished
解析 考查时态。句意:快点!否则我们到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )教堂的时候,婚礼将已经结束了。根据句意可知,此处表示“当到教堂时,婚礼已经结束了(发生在将来)”,故用将来完成时,选A。
答案 A
14.(2014·四川省乐山市模拟)Pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople ________ financial aid since they lost their homes,jobs and businesses to the storm last month.
A.have been receiving B.are receiving
C.had received D.received
解析 考查时态。句意:自从在上个月的暴风雨中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )失去了家园、工作和公司,(灾区的)人们一直在接受资金援助。since“自从……以来”,后常跟表示过去的时间点或用一般过去时的状语从句,主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故选A。
答案 A
15.(2014·安徽重点中学高三3 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )月联合考试)We ________ to finish the project before dark,but the heavy traffic held us up.
A.plan B.were planning
C.had planned D.are planning
解析 考查时态。句意:我们原计划在天黑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )前完成这个项目,但拥挤的交通耽搁了我们。后一分句用了一般过去时态,结合句意可知,前一分句所述情况发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时态。
答案 C
16.(2014·厦门适应性考试)—I may have annoyed our neighbor!
—Don't worry.He is f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orgetful,so he ________ all about the matter soon.
A.forgets B.forgot
C.has forgotten D.will forget
解析 考查时态。句意:“我也许惹我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们的邻居生气了。”“别担心。他好忘事,所以很快他就会忘记那件事的”。根据语境及句中的soon“很快,不久,马上”可知,此处应用一般将来时。21世纪教育网版权所有
答案 D
17.(2014·福建三明三校联考)—What happened to you You are so late.
—The bus I took __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ in front of the hospital and I had to walk from there.
A.broke down B.has broken down
C.had broken down D.breaks down
解析 考查时态。答语句意:我乘坐的公共 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汽车在医院前面坏了,我不得不从那儿步行过来。此处陈述过去的情况,所以用一般过去时。C项为过去完成时,如用此项则表示还未搭车,车已经坏掉,这与实际不符。
答案 A
18.(2014·安徽省淮北 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )五校第四次联考)To be on time for school,I ________ up at 6:00 every morning when I was at high school.【版权所有:21教育】
A.get B.have got
C.was getting D.got
解析 考查时态。句意:上高中时为了按时到校,我每天早晨六点起床。此处为陈述过去的情况,应用一般过去时。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
答案 D
19.(2014·河南郑州 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一次质量预测)—If I come back in an hour,do you think the manager will see me 21教育名师原创作品
—I'm very sorry,sir,but he ________ a meeting then.
A.will be having B.is having
C.has had D.will have
解析 考查时态。根据句意可知,此处表示那时他将会正在开会,have a meeting这一动作在将来的某一时间正在进行,故用将来进行时。
答案 A
20.(2014·兰州名校阶段检测)A l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot of attention ________ to greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.
A.is paying B.is being paid
C.has paid D.had been paid
解析 考查时态和语态。句意:温室气体的排放得 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到了很多关注。看那些关于环境保护的海报。根据“Look at”可知此处指的是现在的情况,且pay与attention之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。选B。
答案 B
根据上下文和括号中的提示,用正确的时态形式完成句子
1.________(我是李华),a student in Sichuan.
2.________(我很高兴得知) that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin.
3.________(我一直关注着她的成长) on your website,now.
4.________(她打算去那儿).I'd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work.21·世纪*教育网
答案 1.I'm Li Hu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a 2.I was delighted to learn 3.I've been watching her grow 4.She's going to be there
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共57张PPT)
【考向聚焦】
课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题,每年每份试卷中都有2~3个小题,每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说,命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起,增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态,近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时,其次是一般过去时。
1.(2014·安徽,23)The twins,who ________ their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
A.will finish B.finish
C.have finished D.had finished
解析 考查时态。句意:已经完成家庭作业的那对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据主句谓语动词were allowed,可推知完成作业发生在“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。
答案 D
2.(2014·北京,22)—Hi,let's go skating.
—Sorry,I'm busy right now.I ________ in an application form for a new job.
A.fill B.have filled
C.am filling D.will fill
解析 考查时态。句意:——嗨,我们一起去滑冰吧。——很抱歉,我现在忙着呢。我在填一份新工作的申请表。由上句中出现的 I am busy right now.现在很忙,应该正在忙着填表,用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,答案是C。
答案 C
3.(2014·北京,23)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.
A.by B.in
C.for D.until
解析 考查介词。句意:简匆匆忙忙的,因为去往机场的火车半个小时之后就开了。in加上一段时间和一般将来时连用,表示的是一段时间以后。
答案 B
4.(2014·北京,31)—What time is it
—I have no idea.But just a minute,I ________ it for you.
A.check B.checked
C.will check D.would check
解析 考查时态。句意:——几点了?——我不知道,但是你等会儿,我核实一下。根据句意可知,核实一下发生在将来,所以选择C项一般将来时。
答案 C
5.(2014·北京,32)I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ when I arrived.
A.started B.was starting
C.would start D.had started
解析 考查时态。句意:我发现我很难跟上这个讲座,因为我来的时候,它已经开始了。根据句意可知,到达的时候讲座已经开始了,到达是过去的时态,开始发生在到达之前,过去的过去选用过去完成时,所以选择D。
答案 D
6.(2014·大纲,22)Unless extra money ________, the theatre will close.
A.was found B.finds
C.is found D.found
解析 本题考查的是时态。句意:除非找到另外的投资,否则这个电影院就监视被关闭。本句中Unless引导的是一个条件状语从句,使用一般现在时代替将来时,后面的主句使用将来时。根据句义可知mony和find构成被动关系,所以也要使用被动语态。故C正确。
答案 C
7.(2014·大纲,32)The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ________ them since.
A.sees B.saw
C.has seen D.had seen
解析 句意:这些报告在2012年就不见了,从那以后没有人看见过它们。本句的关键词是since自从那时。根据句义可知是指自从2012年这些文件不见是开始,到现在为止没有人看见。Since经常和现在完成时连用的。故C正确。
答案 C
8.(2014·福建,23)—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been
—I went to Ningxia and ________ there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.
A.stayed B.stay
C.had stayed D.am staying
解析 考查动词时态。句意:——多年没见你了,你去哪里啦?——我去宁夏了,作为支教在那里待了一年。and连接并列谓语。and之前是一般过去时。所以and之后也要用一般过去时,故选A项。
答案 A
9.(2014·湖南,28)Since the time humankind started gardening,we ______ to make our environment more beautiful.
A.try B.have been trying
C.are trying D.will try
解析 考查动词时态:现在完成进行时。句意:自从人类开始园艺业以来,我们一直在努力让我们的环境更加美丽。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知,所填词汇表示“从过去一直持续到现在且仍在持续的动作”,强调其持续性,故用现在完成进行时,选B。
答案 B
10.(2014·湖南,34)Whenever you ________ a present,you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
A.bought B.have bought
C.will buy D.buy
解析 考查动词时态。句意:无论何时你购买礼物,你都应该从收礼人的角度考虑一下。根据题干可知本句陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,空中应填动词原形,选D。
答案 D
11.(2014·江苏,23)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing
—Well,the media ________ it in a variety of forms.
A.cover B.will cover
C.have covered D.covered
解析 考查动词时态。句意:——你对于即将在南京举行的青奥会有何看法?——嗯,媒体已经以各种形式进行了报道。根据语境青奥会这种大事件应该是众人瞩目的话题,尽管还未举行却已是人尽皆知,所以选择现在完成时,选C。
答案 C
12.(2014·江西,24)—Tony,why are your eyes red
—I ________ up peppers for the last five minutes.
A.cut B.was cutting
C.had cut D.have been cutting
解析 考查动词时态。根据时间状语for the last five minutes和语境可知,“切辣椒”这一动作在过去的五分钟时间里一直在进行,对现在造成的影响是“眼睛红了”。故用现在完成进行时。
答案 D
13.(2014·山东,1)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ________.
A.will expect B.are expecting
C.expect D.had expected
解析 考查动词时态。句意:手写出所有这些请柬比我们原来想象的耗时多了。主句中谓语动词是过去时,从句中应用过去完成时,故选D项。
答案 D
14.(2014·山东,5)They made up their minds that they________ a new house once Larry changed jobs.
A.bought B.would buy
C.have bought D.had bought
解析 考查时态。句意:一旦劳瑞换了工作,他们决心买幢新房子。根据句意“买房子”为过去将来时态,故选B项。
答案 B
15.(2014·陕西,22)During his stay in Xi'an,Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________.
A.would recommend B.had recommended
C.have recommended D.were recommending
解析 考查时态。句意:在西安期间,他几乎尝遍了所有朋友推荐的当地美食。主句动作tried已为一般过去时,而从句动作recommend显然发生在“tried”之前,因此选用过去完成时态。
答案 B
16.(2014·四川,9)She ________ someone,so I nodded to her and went away.
A.phoned B.had phoned
C.was phoning D.has phoned
解析 考查动词时态。此题情境性较强,需细心体会:我之所以点头离去,是因为当时她正在打电话。在过去的那段时间里,打电话这一动作一直在进行中。
答案 C
17.(2014·天津,11)We won't start the work until all the preparations ________.
A.are being made B.will be made
C.have been made D.had been made
解析 考查动词的时态。句意:我们要等到所有的准备工作都做好时才开始工作。根据主句not...until结构可知此句是条件状语从句,可用现在时代替将来时,主句是一般现在时,根据语境,从句中用现在完成时,故选C。
答案 C
18.(2014·浙江,11)Sofia looked around at all the faces:she had the impression that she ________ most of the guests before.
A.has seen B.had seen
C.saw D.would see
解析 考查时态。句意:索菲娅看了看周围的面孔,她印象中绝大多客人以前都见过。关键词before和完成时连用,排除C、D两项;“见过”这个动作显然发生在“有印象”之前,故选B。
答案 B
19.(2014·重庆,4)You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ it.
A.forget B.are forgetting
C.forgot D.will forget
解析 考查动词时态。句意:你最好记下来他的电话号码免得忘了。这是一个before引导的时间状语从句。状语从句中通常用一般现在时替代一般将来时。故A项为最佳答案。
答案 A
20.(2014·重庆,8)James has just arrived,but I didn't know he ________ until yesterday.
A.will come B.was coming
C.had come D.came
解析 考查动词时态。句意:“詹姆斯刚到,不过直到昨天我才知道他要来这儿。”根据句意可排除A、C两项。只能用B项,用过去进行时表将来。
答案 B
考点 一般时
1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征。句中常用often,usually,every day等时间状语。
Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
这么早做计划没有什么意义——到明年很多事情就会变了。
(2)表示客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象以及不受时间限制的客观存在。
“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because every step shows.”
奶奶过去常说:“生活就如在雪地里走路,因为每一步都显而易见。”
(3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用现在时代替将来时。
Will you help me to look for an important file I left in my office this morning immediately you arrive
你能一到办公室就帮我找一下我早上落在办公室的重要文件吗?
(4)表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作,但限于少数动词。如begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。
The flight takes off at 2:30 every Wednesday and Friday.
飞机每星期三、五2:30起飞。
2.一般过去时
表示在过去某一时刻、某一时间段内存在的状态或发生的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示);用于表示过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。
The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started.
这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他上任时更富有。
The three of us travelled around Europe for about a month last summer.
去年夏天,我们三人在欧洲旅行了一个月左右。
Excuse me.I didn't know I was blocking your way.
对不起,我原来不知道挡你的路了。
3.一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来会出现的动作或状态,常用的时间状语有:this evening,tomorrow,next week,in a few minutes,at the end of this term等。常用结构有:
(1)“will/shall+动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态;表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势;表示临时性的打算或决定。
Fish will die without water.
离开水,鱼就会死。
By the time you have finished this book,your meal will get cold.
等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。
—Mr.Li was ill in hospital.
—Oh,I didn't know.I'll go to see him tonight.
——李老师生病住院了。
——哦,我还不知道呢。我今晚去看他。
[名师指津] 条件状语从句中的will表示“决心,意愿”,此时will不是助动词,而是情态动词表意愿。
If you won't listen to us,just do as you please.
如果你不愿意听我们的,就请便吧。
(2)“be going to+动词原形”表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事;表示根据某种迹象认为最近或将来要发生的事。
I am going to write to Henry this evening.
我今天晚上打算给亨利写封信。
It looks as if it is going to_rain.
天看上去像是要下雨了。
(3)“be to+动词原形”表示预先安排好的计划或约定;表示说话人的意志、意图、职责、义务、命令等;表示注定要发生的事情。
I am to meet Mr.Brown at eleven o'clock this morning.
我要在今天上午11点见布朗先生。
We are to take care of all these children.
我们必须照顾所有的这些孩子。
(4)“be about to+动词原形”表示“正要做某事,即将要做某事”,此结构不可与表示具体的将来时间的副词或副词性短语连用,而经常与when引导的从句连用。
The meeting is about to begin.
会议就要开始了。
4.过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。这种时态常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。
He said that he would wait for us at the station.
他说他要在车站等我们。
She told her mother that she was going to a dance ball with Tom.
她告诉母亲,她要同汤姆一起去参加一个舞会。
考点 完成时
1.现在完成时
(1)表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与up to now,so far,already,yet,now,recently,in the past few years,just等表示时间的词以及since引导的状语从句连用。
His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
他的第一本小说自从上个月出版之后就很受欢迎。
(2)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。
—Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa.
—Well,it wasn't me.I didn't do it.
——瞧,已经有人打扫了沙发。
——嗯,不是我,我没做过那件事。
(3)用于时间、条件、让步状语从句中,表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。
—When shall we restart our business
—Not until we have finished our plan.
——什么时候我们重新开始我们的事业?
——直到我们已完成我们的计划。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.
除非我亲眼看到,否则我不会相信你的。
(4)常用于以下固定句式中:
①在“It (This) is (will be) the first/second/third...time+that从句”中,that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。
This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。
②在“It (This) is the+ adj.最高级+名词+that从句”中,从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
It is the most interesting movie that I have watch since I came here.
这是我到这儿看过的最有趣的电影。
2.过去完成时
(1)表示过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态。常与by,by the end of,by the time,before,since,until等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句连用。
By the time Jack returned home from England,his son had graduated from college.
杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
(2)过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间,还可能持续下去。常与for,since等构成的时间状语连用。
By the end of last month he had worked in Shanghai for twenty years.
到上个月月底他已经在上海工作了整整二十年。
(3)某些动词用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法,意为“本来期望/认为/打算……”。这类动词主要有:expect,hope,plan,suppose,think,intend,mean,want等。
I had planned to travel,but my daughter got sick.
我本计划去旅行,但我的女儿突然生病了。
(4)常用于以下固定句式中:
①hardly/scarcely...when...;no sooner...than...中,主句常用过去完成时。
Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.
我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。
②It was/had been+一段时间+since从句。since从句中谓语用过去完成时。
It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.
我们10年没这么高兴了。
③That/It was the first/second...time+that从句。that从句谓语要用过去完成时。
It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.
这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
3.将来完成时
表示在将来某一时间之前完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。常用的时间状语为“by+将来的某个时间”。
We shall have fulfilled the task by the end of this week.
我们在本周末将完成这项任务。
考点 进行时
1.现在进行时
(1)现在进行时主要用来表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。
I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I am doing.
我一做完手头上的活就去图书馆。
(2)有些动词的现在进行时可以表示预计即将发生的动作:go,come,leave,arrive,return,begin,do,die,lose。
“The moment is coming soon,” he thought to himself,waiting nervously.
他紧张地等待着,心里想:“这一时刻很快就会来临。”
(3)常与always,forever,constantly,continually,all the time等时间副词连用,表示反复发生的或习惯性的动作,常表示不满、抱怨或赞赏等情感。
She is always finding fault with others.
她总是挑别人的毛病。
2.过去进行时
(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
—Did you catch what I said
—Sorry.I was answering a text message just now.
——你听懂我的话了吗?
——很抱歉,刚才我在回短信。
(2)表示某动作在某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。
—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre
—No,I was doing my homework all day yesterday.
——你读完《简·爱》这本书了吗?
——没有,昨天我一整天都在写作业。
(3)表示某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行,其中的持续性动作用过去进行时,短暂性动作用一般过去时。
The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it.
那位记者说,当他看到时,不明飞行物正在自东向西飞行。
3.现在完成进行时
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在并可能还会延续下去的动作。
The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
经理自从上午九点起一直在告诉工人们如何改进项目。
(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,在说话时刚刚结束。
Where have you been?We have been looking for you everywhere.
你刚才去了哪里?我们一直在到处找你。
4.将来进行时
将来进行时可用于表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或者将来某一段时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有:at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow,from 1:30 to 4:30 tomorrow等。
—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon
—I'm sorry,but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five
——今天下午两点能给你回电话吗?
——不好意思,那时我正飞往北京,五点怎么样?
考点 被动语态
英语中动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
做有关被动语态的题目可以分两步走:第一步确定正确的时态,第二步确定正确的语态。判断用主动语态还是用被动语态的根据是看主语与谓语动词之间的关系:如果是主谓关系则用主动语态,如果是动宾关系则用被动语态。
1.被动语态的构成
时态 谓语构成
一般现在时 am/is/are done
一般过去时 was/were done
一般将来时 shall/will be done
现在进行时 am/is/are being done
过去进行时 was/were being done
过去将来时 should/would be done
现在完成时 has/have been done
过去完成时 had been done
Is honesty the best policy We are taught that it is when we are little.
诚实是最好的原则吗?我们小时候被教的是肯定的回答。
In the last few years thousands of films have been produced all over the world.
过去几年中全世界有数千部影片被制作出来。
[名师指津] 动词短语变为被动语态时,要注意动词短语的完整性,动词后面的介词或副词不可遗漏。
They sent for the doctor immediately.→The doctor was sent for immediately(by them).
他们立即派人去请医生。
2.“get+过去分词”表示被动
Mum,I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid on Friday.
妈妈,我想知道你能不能借给我几美元,让我能用到星期五发工资。
3.主动形式表示被动意义
(1)系动词look,feel,sound,smell,taste,seem,appear,go,prove,turn等没有被动语态,常用主动形式表示被动。
The dish tastes delicious.
这道菜味道可口。
His plan proved (to be) practical.
他的计划被证明符合实际。
(2)表示主语的某种属性或性能的动词:read,write,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,shut等,常用主动形式表示被动。
The pen writes smoothly.
这只钢笔写起来流利。
(3)be to blame (受谴责) ,be to rent (出租) 用主动形式表示被动意义。
He is to blame for the accident.
他应该对那个事故负责。