2015高考英语 二轮总复习语法专题 专题五 非谓语动词(课件 测试 含15命题动向 )

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名称 2015高考英语 二轮总复习语法专题 专题五 非谓语动词(课件 测试 含15命题动向 )
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更新时间 2015-03-04 15:09:02

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本资料来自于资源最齐全的21世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
1.(2014届山东省德州市重点中学高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上学期期中)Although ________ of danger,tourists can't help taking photos near the cliff(悬崖).21*cnjy*com
A.having warned B.warned
C.warning D.to be warned
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:尽管被警 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )告有危险,但是游客还是忍不住地在悬崖附近拍照片。D项的不定式表示未来。本句中的动词warn与句子主语tourist之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词warned做状语,本句前面的although是可以省略的,放在这里是为了进一步加强语义。故选B项。
答案 B
2.(2014届陕西西安长安区第一中学高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上期第一次模拟)After suffering a heart attack,Michael Jackson was pronounced dead,________ a tragic end to the world's most popular entertainer.
A.marked B.to mark
C.marking D.having marked
解析 考查现在分词做结果状 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语。句意:迈克杰克逊在心脏病突发后被宣告死亡,标志着这个最受欢迎的艺人的悲惨结局。用现在分词做结果状语,表示预料之中的结果。选C项。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
答案 C
3.(2014届湖南湘中名校高三第一次 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )大联考)To pass the driving test,Alice had a busy month ________ driving the car.
A.to practise B.practising
C.practised D.practice
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为了通过驾照考试,爱丽丝忙了一个月去练习开车。To pass the driving test作目的状语,这里是have a busy month (in) doing sth,这里的介词in省去了,故选B项。
答案 B
4.(2014届黑龙江省双鸭山一中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高三上学期期中)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent ________ at the end of last March.
A.has been launched B.having been launched
C.being launched D.to be launched
解析 考查独立主格结构。句意:这个国家已经发 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )射了三颗无人飞船,最近的在去年三月份被发射。句中没有连接词,故不能选作谓语动词的A项;由at the end of last March可知应选用表示动作完成the most recent having been launched为独立主格结构,选B项。21·世纪*教育网
答案 B
5.(2014届山东省德州 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )市重点中学高三上学期期中)The bird was so lucky that it missed ________.
A.catching B.to catch
C.to be caught D.being caught
解析 考查非谓语动词的用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )法。句意:这只小鸟很幸运,它没有被抓住。miss doing sth错过做某事。根据句意说明应该使用被动语态的形式,故使用being caught。故选D项。
答案 D
6.(2014届河南省开封高中等豫东豫 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )北十所名校高中毕业班阶段性测试)It's said that the heaviest man in this city,________ 1,345 pounds,has been sent to hospital to receive medical treatment.
A.weighing B.to weigh
C.weighed D.weigh
解析 考查现在分词做定语。句意:据说这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个城市重达1 345磅的最重的人已经被送到医院做医学检查。这句话的has been sent是谓语动词,可知前面需要填的是定语,weigh表示“重达”的时候,是不及物动词,做定语应该用现在分词,选A项。21教育网
答案 A
7.(2014届浙江省瑞安中学高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上学期期中)I had just settled in the new place and didn't know ________.2-1-c-n-j-y
A.what to expect B.what to be expected
C.how to expect D.how to be expected
解析 考查疑问词+不定式。句意:我刚刚在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这个新的地方安顿下来,因此我不知道我会发生什么。expect是及物动词,用what做它的宾语,what to expect=what I will expect,是主动关系,选A项。  21*cnjy*com
答案 A
8.(2014届甘肃省部分普通高中高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三目标诊断)Do you consider it any good ________ psychology 21世纪教育网版权所有
A.to learn B.to have learned
C.learning D.having learned
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:你认 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为学习心理学有好处吗?这是it做形式主语的句型:it is good doing sth的变形,这里的it做形式宾语,而本来的主语——动名词在这里做宾语,选C项。
答案 C
9.(2014届北京市海淀区高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三上学期期中)Outside the exit,many fans waited for the great pop singer,________ to take a picture with him.
A.hoping B.hope
C.hoped D.to hope
解析 考查现在分词做伴随状语。句意:在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )出口外面,很多粉丝等着这个伟大的流行歌手,希望能和他拍照。因为是伴随的动作,所以排除B、D,fans和hope是主动关系,用现在分词做状语,选A项。
答案 A
10.(2014届福建省德化一中高三上学期第二次质检)—How are things getting on with your work
—Oh,I'm sorry.Things aren't going so well as ________.
A.plans B.planning
C.planned D.to plan
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:——你的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工作进展如何呢?——很抱歉。事情的进展不如计划的顺利。根据语境可知此处as是连词“按照”的意思,完整的句子应该是as they are planned,因为主、从句主语一致,而且从句中有be动词,所以可以省略they are,故选C项。
答案 C
11.(2014届河北衡水中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三上期二调)The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years ________ trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value.21教育名师原创作品
A.to plant B.to planting
C.plant D.planting
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:他在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去的这些年里在那个偏远的地区种树所付出的时间和精力被认为是值得的。短语devote sth to sth中to的词性是介词,故to之后应为名词或动名词形式。此处表示把时间和精力花费在了种树上,所以应为devote time and effort to planting trees,故选B项。
答案 B
12.(2014届江苏省镇江市高三上学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期期中调研)What's the chance of ________ a general election this year
A.there being B.there to be
C.there be D.there going to be
解析 考查动名词的复合结构。句意:今年有换届选举的机会是吗?因为是there be句型作介词of的宾语,be动词用动名词,选A项。
答案 A
13.(2014届重庆市三峡名校联盟高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )12月联考)The game was so exciting to play that the boy kept his eyes and attention ________ on it,ruining both a lot.
A.fixing B.fixed
C.to fix D.fix
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:比赛进行得 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是那样的激动人心,以至于那个男孩子集中注意力紧盯着看比赛,结果眼睛和注意力都受到很大程度的损伤。短语fix one's eyes/attention on,现在“eyes/attention”已经成为“fix”的逻辑主语,它们之间是被动关系,故用过去分词fixed。故选B项。
答案 B
14.(2014届浙江绍兴第一中学高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三上学期回头考)Lydia doesn't feel like ________ abroad.Her parents are old.21cnjy.com
A.study B.studying
C.studied D.to study
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:琳达不想出国学习。她的父母老了。feel like doing想要做……,故选B项。【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
答案 B
15.(2014届江苏南通中学高三英语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )开学摸底)China's first aircraft carrier,________ as long as 304 metres,was handed over to the People's Liberation Army Navy in 2012.21·cn·jy·com
A.measures B.measured
C.to measure D.measuring
解析 考查现在分词做定语。句意:中国第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个航母,长达304米,被移交给了中国人民海军。谓语是was handed...,说明这里填的是定语,measure表示“长,宽,高是……”的时候,是不及物动词,没有被动式,用现在分词做定语,选D项。【版权所有:21教育】
答案 D
16.(2014届山西省长治市第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中学高三第二次练考)Lily's mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally,________ again.
A.never to find B.to never be found
C.to never find D.never to be found
解析 考查不定式做目的状语。句意:莉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )莉的手机偶然落在出租车里面,再也没有找到。这是预料之外的结果,用不定式,如果是顺理成章的结果用现在分词,因为mobile phone和leave是被动关系,用不定式的被动形式做结果状语,选D项。
答案 D
17.(2014届黑龙江省泰来县第一中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学高三上学期基础知识调研)She lay lazily in the armchair under the tree,the sun ________ down through the broad leaves.
A.shone B.shinning
C.was shinning D.to shine
解析 考查独立主格结构。句意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ):她懒洋洋地躺在树下的扶手椅里,太阳从宽大的叶子缝隙里透下来。因为句中没有连词,所以不是句子,排除A、C选项,而the sun和shine之间是主动关系,并且表示进行,而不定式表示将来,故选B项。
答案 B
18.(2014届浙江省温 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )州市十校联合体高三上学期期中联考)He claimed ________ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.2·1·c·n·j·y
A.to have been badly treated
B.treating badly
C.to be treated badly
D.being badly treated
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:他宣称昨 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )天在超市购物的时候被虐待了。claim后面接不定式做宾语,因为这件事已经发生,用不定式的完成式,而且考虑到被动关系,用不定式完成被动式,选A。www.21-cn-jy.com
答案 A
19.(2014届河南省周口市中英文学校高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上学期期中)How many of us ________ a meeting that has nothing to do with us is not important at all.
A.attending B.to attend
C.have attended D.attend
解析 考查动名词做主语。句意:多少人参加一个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对我们不重要的会议和我们没有关系。这里选attending是因为“attending a meeting that is not important to us”做整句话的主语,how many of us是动名词的逻辑主语,选A项。
答案 A
20.(2014届浙江省嘉兴 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )市第一中学高三上学期期中)In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A.sticking B.to be stuck
C.stuck D.to have stuck
解析 考查非谓语动词的用法。句意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ):在四月,成千上万到国外度假的人由于火山灰云的影响仍然停留在国外。remain stuck被困住;remain to be stuck将要被困住;根据句意故选C项。www-2-1-cnjy-com
答案 C
根据上下文和括号中的提示,用正确的非谓语动词形式完成句子
I am glad 1._______________(收到您的来信) and you're welcome to China in July.The following are some Chinese customs.Firstly,we greet each other 2.____________(通过说“您好”或询问这样的问题) as “Where are you going?”or “Are you busy to express our care.”Secondly,3._____________(当受到夸奖的时候),we reply with “Oh,no!”or “I'm overpraised”to show good manners.Next,4._________(当收到礼物的时候),we usually say “It's unnecessary”besides “Thanks”5.________________(表示礼貌) and then put it away.【出处:21教育名师】
答案 1.to hear from y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou/receive your letter 2.by saying “Hello”or asking such questions 3.when praised 4.when receiving a gift 5.to show politeness
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【考向聚焦】
2015年高考非谓语动词将继续是考查的核心。“情景化”和“角度多样话”将更加明显。主要体现在四个方面:1.分词作状语、定语;2.不定式作状语和定语的考查力度仍将增加;3.作某一句子成分时的特殊情况及特殊结构也应加以关注;4.将加大考查非谓语动词的基本用法的力度。
1.(2014·安徽,32)While waiting for the opportunity to get ________,Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A.promote B.promoted
C.promoting D.to promote
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利正在等待机会晋升时,他尽力去履行自己的职责(perform one's duty) get promoted 得到晋升;被升职。故选B。
答案 B
2.(2014·北京,25)Last night,there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A.watch B.to watch
C.watched D.watching
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天晚上,成千上万的人在电视上观看了现场直播的开幕式。句子中出现动词“were”,可以判断出此题考查的是非谓语动词作后置定语,watch和其逻辑主语people是主动关系,又表示正在发生的动作,故选D。
答案 D
3.(2014·北京,28)There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A.solving B.solved
C.being solved D.to be solved
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们准备长期居住在月球上之前,还有许多问题有待解决。此处考查非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰problems,solve和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,排除A项,再根据句意知道问题还没有解决,故用动词不定式来表示有待于发生的动作。
答案 D
4.(2014·北京,35)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without ________.
A.recognizing B.being recognized
C.having recognized D.having been recognized
解析 考查非谓语动词中的动名词的应用。句意:这位电影明星戴着墨镜,因此他购物的时候没有被人认出来。根据题意可知,介词without后要用动名词的形式,根据主被动关系能够判断出这是被动,所以选择being recognized。
答案 B
5.(2014·大纲,23)Today there are more airplanes ______ more people than ever before in the skies.
A.carry B.carrying
C.carried D.to be carrying
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:现如今天空中有更多的较之以前能乘载更多客人的飞机。airplanes与carry之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语,选B。
答案 B
6.(2014·福建,27)________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A.Spending B.Spent
C.Having spent D.To spend
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:Linda作为交换生在香港过了一年后,她显得比她同龄人成熟地多。“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。又表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,用现在分词的完成时,故选C项。
答案 C
7.(2014·福建,30)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________.
A.connected B.connecting
C.to connect D.to be connected
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:对于有家庭成员在远方的人来说,跟家人保持联系个人电脑和手机很重要。stay connected是“stay+形容词化的过去分词”构成的系表结构。故用过去分词作表语,故选A项。
答案 A
8.(2014·湖南,23)________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
A.Understanding B.To be understood
C.Being understood D.Having understood
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:理解你的个人需求和交流方式与学会表达你的情感同样重要。所填词汇在句中做主语,且陈述一个客观事实,故用动名词的一般式,选A。
答案 A
9.(2014·湖南,27)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,________ at the night sky.
A.to stare B.staring
C.stared D.having stared
解析 考查非谓语动词,现在分词作伴随状语。句意:没有什么比仰面躺在草地中央盯着夜空再令人愉悦的了。所填词的逻辑主语与lying on的主语相同,且是相伴随的动作,故用现在分词的一般式,选B。
答案 B
10.(2014·湖南,35)________ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
A.Having freed B.Freed
C.To free D.Freeing
解析 考查非谓语动词:不定式作目的状语。句意:为了使我们自己从身心紧张中解脱出来,我们每个人都需深度的思考和内心的安宁。根据句意可知此处free作动词,是主语主动发出的动作,故用不定式,选C。
答案 C
11.(2014·江苏,29)The lecture ________,a lively question and answer session followed.
A.being given B.having given
C.to be given D.having been given
解析 考查非谓语动词中的独立主格结构。句意:报告进行完以后,一场生动的问答环节随之进行。根据句式可以看出前半句是全句的一个分句,做时间状语,句中主语the lecture是give这一动作的承受者,故用被动形式,而且该动作是先于主句中的谓语动词follow之前进行的,故用完成形式,故选D。
答案 D
12.(2014·江苏,35)—________ !Somebody has left the lab door open.
—Don't look at me.
A.Dear me B.Hi,there
C.Thank goodness D.Come on
解析 考查日常口语。语意:——天哪!有人忘了关实验室的门!——别看我。A.天哪!表示惊讶;B.嗨!这儿哪!表示打招呼;C.谢天谢地!表示庆幸;D.加油!表示鼓励;根据下文可以看出表示说话人的惊讶,故选A。
答案 A
13.(2014·江西,31)________ nearly all our money,we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
A.Having spent B.To spend
C.Spent D.To have spent
解析 考查现在分词完成式作原因状语。spend与其逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系;且在谓语动词afford之前就已发生,故用现在分词完成式。
答案 A
14.(2014·江西,34)He is thought ________ foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
A.to act B.to have acted
C.acting D.having acted
解析 考查不定式的用法。“be thought+不定式”是常见的句式结构。由句意可知,“做事笨手笨脚”在“丢掉工作”之前就已发生,故应当用不定式的完成式。
答案 B
15.(2014·山东,6)There's a note pinned to the door______ when the shop will open again.
A.saying B.says
C.said D.having said
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:门上钉着一张便条,说商店什么时候再开业。“saying...”分词短语作状语,补充说明。
答案 A
16.(2014·山东,9)It's standard practice for a company like this one ______ a security officer.
A.employed B.being employed
C.to employ D.employs
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:像这样一家公司雇佣一位安保主管是通例。此处to employ不定式作主语,it作形式主语。A.“employed”为过去分词,表被动,完成;B.“being employed”为现在分词的被动语态,表示“被动进行”,D.“employs”为单数第三人称形式,它不可在句中作谓语。
答案 C
17.(2014·陕西,12)It's quite hot today.Do you feel like ________ for a swim
A.to go B.going
C.go D.having gone
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:今天相当热,你想出去游泳吗?feel like doing想要做某事,为固定搭配。
答案 B
18.(2014·陕西,20)________ the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A.Working out B.Worked out
C.To work out D.Work out
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了解决这个数学难题,我已经咨询拉塞尔教授多次了。此处非谓语动词作目的状语,用动词不定式表示;此题首先排除D项,因为句子里面已有一个谓语,且没有连词;work out与其逻辑主语I应为主动关系,所以排除B;A.working out与I虽为主动关系,但不能表目的。
答案 C
19.(2014·四川,5)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ after great effort.
A.having developed B.to develop
C.developed D.develop
解析 考查过去分词的用法。在作原因状语的不定式短语中,develop作宾语products的补足语,由于二者为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。
答案 C
20.(2014·四川,7)—I hope to take the computer course.
—Good idea.________ more about it,visit this website.
A.To find out B.Finding out
C.To be finding out D.Having found out
解析 考查不定式用法。由语境可知,对方的建议是:要想找到更多的信息就访问这个网站。此处不定式用作目的状语。
答案 A
考点  非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语
(1)表目的
作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,往往译作“为了,想要”。
Having finished her project,she was invited by the school to speak to the new students.
结束这个项目之后,她受邀到那个学校给新生们讲话。
(2)表结果
不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果,动词不定式前面常加only。
George returned after the war,only to be told that his wife had left him.
乔治战后回来,却被告知他妻子已经离开了他。
(3)表原因
这种原因状语往往跟在表示“高兴、愉快、生气、遗憾”等形容词之后,说明产生这种情感的原因。
I felt very honored to be included in the team.
加入这个球队我感到非常荣幸。
2.动词 ing形式作状语
现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
一般式表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作;完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作;完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。
Pressed from his parents,and realizing that he has wasted too much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
由于来自父母的压力,以及认识到浪费了太多的时间,这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。
Not having fully recovered from the operation,the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.
手术后还没有完全康复,这位病人被建议再住院两周。
Having been told many times,he finally understood it.
被告诉了许多次,他终于明白了。
(1)过去分词作状语时,与句子主语之间是被动关系,表示时间、原因、条件、让步等。此时过去分词可与一些连词if,when,though,once等连用。
Used with care,one tin will last for six weeks.
如果用得仔细的话,一罐可以够用六周。
(2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。这样的词有:lost (迷路的),seated (坐),lost/absorbed in (沉溺于),dressed in (穿着),tired of (感到厌倦),faced with (面对) 等。
Absorbed in his book,he didn't notice me enter the room.
专心于读书,他没注意到我进入房间。
[名师指津] 作状语时,是用现在分词还是用过去分词,取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。如果是逻辑上的主谓关系,一般用现在分词;如果是逻辑上的动宾关系,一般用过去分词。
Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful.
从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)
Seeing from the top of the hill,we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看,我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)
考点  非谓语动词作定语
1.动词不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后,往往表示未发生的动作。动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。
(2)不定式与被修饰词之间有同位关系。此类名词有chance,ability等。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。
[名师指津] 不定式一般式的主动语态(to do) 作定语表示将要发生的主动动作。
不定式一般式的被动语态(to be done) 作定语表示将要发生的被动动作。
We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.
我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。
2.动词 ing形式作定语
(1)动词 ing形式的主动式(doing) 作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens.
近来一个把两个不同商场同类商品价格做一比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。
(2)动词 ing形式的一般被动式(being done) 作定语与所修饰名词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,表示该动作的被动和进行。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。
(3)动词 ing形式作定语相当于一个定语从句,强调经常性状态或动作的进行。单个词要前置,短语要后置。
John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter offering him it.(=定语从句John...the official letter which/that offers him it.)
约翰的确得到了这份工作,因为他给我看了提供他工作的正式信函。
3.动词 ed形式作定语
动词 ed形式(短语) 作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在被动关系,并表示该动作的被动或完成。
Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。
考点  非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1.动词 ing形式作宾语补足语
动词 ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。动词 ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。
Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help
听!你听到有人正在呼救吗?
2.动词 ed形式作宾语补足语
动词 ed形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。
Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused with her stories.
露西很有幽默感,总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。
[名师指津] have sth to do表示“有事情要做”,此结构中,不定式是作定语。
I'm sorry,I can't go out with you.I have an urgent thing to settle.
对不起,我不能与你一起外出,我有一件紧急的事情要处理。
考点  非谓语动词作主语和宾语
1.动词 ing形式作主语
动词 ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的动作,尤其是一般行为倾向。当动词 ing形式作主语时常用it作形式主语,动词 ing后置。常用于以下结构:It's no use/no good/useless doing sth。
It's not easy to learn English well.Reading as much as possible is necessary.
学好英语不容易。广泛阅读是有必要的。
It is no good learning without practice.
学而不用无益。
2.动词不定式作主语
不定式在句中作主语,相当于名词或代词的作用,往往用形式主语it代替。
It's not easy for him to understand what the teacher says.
对他来说听懂老师讲的并不容易。
3.动词 ing形式作宾语
(1)常接动词 ing作宾语的动词(短语)
advise (建议),admit (承认),appreciate (感激),avoid (避免),can't help (禁不住),consider (考虑),delay (推迟),enjoy (欣赏),escape (逃脱),finish (完成),imagine (想象),keep (on) (继续),mind (介意),practise (练习),suggest (建议),miss (错过),feel like (意欲),devote...to (把……献给),get used to (习惯于),look forward to (期望),object to (反对),set about (开始),put off (推迟) 等。
Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议。
4.动词不定式作宾语
(1)afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,expect,fail,hope,manage,promise,pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish等动词后要接不定式作宾语。
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们说好在这儿会面的,但她到现在还没露面呢。
(2)come,get,grow后接不定式作宾语时,意为“逐渐地……”。
She has a hot temper,but you will grow to like her.
她脾气很急,但你会渐渐喜欢她的。