中考英语二轮语法专题复习-副词 课件

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中考英语二轮语法专题复习
副词
Content
构成
01
分类
02
功能
03
位置
04
排列顺序
05
比较等级
06
目录
副词的构成
一、大部分副词由相应的形容词加后缀
-ly构成，但注意有变化：
happy—happily subtle—subtly
true—truly loose—loosely
democratic—democratically
public—publicly dull—dully
二、 有些副词是由介词或地点名词加后缀“-ward（s）”构成的，意为“向··· ···”，例如：
forward(s), downward(s), northward(s), leftward(s), onward(s), sunward(s), inward(s)
副词的构成
三、某些以名词+-ly构成的词和其他结构的词，既可作副词，也可作形容词。例如：
hourly, weekly, yearly, leisurely
daily paper vs. publish daily
quarterly review vs. meet quarterly
四、有些副词是由名词加后缀“-wise”构 成的，表示位置、方向、状态、有关等意义。
例如：
sidewise clockwise crabwise coastwise
副词的构成
五、 有些副词是加a-/here-/there-/where-构成。例如：
away ashore afoot afar herein hereby thereafter
whereon whereby
副词的分类
时间副词：now, lately, so far
地点副词: here, there, out
方式副词: hard, well, fast, slowly
程度副词: very, quite, almost, badly
频率副词: usually, constantly, rarely
疑问副词: how, where, when, why
连接副词: however, therefore, why
关系副词: where, when, why
句子副词: anyway, naturally, please
副词的分类
Downing Street has so far refused to comment on these reports.
The reports she was getting were highly satisfactory.
I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.
She is constantly changing her mind.
时间副词
程度副词
连接副词
频率副词
The weather was cold. Therefore(Thus), we stayed home.
That’s why I cried.
But my pride, unfortunately, was the kind that goes before a fall.
连接副词
连接副词
句子副词
副词的分类
1. 作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、限定词（代词或副词）或整个句子。
They completely ignored my views.
He feels kind of tired.
He drives extremely carefully.
She failed entirely through her own fault.
We need approximately five students here.
Hopefully we can get this done before dark.
修饰动词
修饰形容词
修饰副词
修饰介词
修饰句子
修饰数词
副词的功能
副词的功能
2. He was up late last night.
One of the tyres is down.
作表语，说明主语的状态或特征。
3. The buildings around are of modern style.
Only she could come.
作定语，常放在名词之后，代词之前。
副词的功能
You can leave the goods anywhere but here. (介词宾语)
It was a quiet night, with the moon high up in the sky. (宾语补足语)
I went to her room only to find her out.
I didn’t know her until quite recently.
Practice
1.Miss Yang is a ______ woman. (beautiful, beautifully)
2.The dog is dancing ______. (happy, happily)
3.He is ______ with me. (angry, angrily)
4.He looks ______ today. (happy, happily)
5.Listen ______. (careful, carefully)
6.Don’t drive so ______. (quick, quickly)
副词的位置
频率副词
I often see her walk in the park.
You should constantly review your lessons.
Conclusion: 频率副词置于行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。
副词的位置
程度副词
I can hardly believe what he said.
He nearly got run over by a car.
It is dreadfully cold that day.
程度副词置于行为动词及其它所修饰词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。
Exercises and difficult points:
I quite don’t understand him.
I don’t quite understand him.
我完全不了解他。
我不十分了解他
副词的位置
方式副词
方式副词一般放在动词后，但要注意在SVO句型中，若宾语较长，常把副词置于动词之前，以免造成歧义。例如：
They secretly decided to leave the town.
They decided to leave the town secretly.
副词的位置
地点副词和时间副词
地点和时间副词通常置于句首或句尾，几个地点状语连用时，大地方放在最后。
She was always sitting by the statue at the center of the park in the city.
排列次序
1. 地点副词→时间副词
方式副词→时间副词
方式副词→地点副词→时间副词
（有时，时间副词亦可放在句首）
e.g. She sang beautifully in the hall last Friday.
方式 地点 时间
排列次序
2. 具体的→笼统的
小的→大的
I saw the program at ten o’clock yesterday evening.
确切时间 具体时间
They ate in a Chinese restaurant in London.
小地点 大地点
但：We heard it last night, at about 11 o’clock. (补充)
比较等级
单音节和个别双音节副词通过加后-er ，-est 构成比较级和最高级。
high higher highest
fast faster fastest
绝大多数副词借助more ，most 构成比较级和最高级
clearly more clearly most clearly
easily more easily most easily
slowly more slowly most slowly
比较等级的构成
比较等级
少数副词的比较等级的变化是不规则的
far （远）—— farther 较远 farthest(最远的）
further （进一步） furthest （最远的）
late （迟）—— later （较迟） latest 最近（时间）
latter （后者） last 最近（顺序）
比较等级的构成
比较等级
原级句型
A+动词（实义动词）+as+副词的原级+as B.
She loves the school as much as her own home.
I can't speak so （as ）fast as you.
注意：as…as结构后要直接跟表示时间、距离等的名词 ，不可加入介词。例如：
The poem was written as early as in the 15th century. 误
The poem was written as early as the 15th century. 正
比较等级
比较级句型
1.A+动词（实义动词）+副词的比较级+than +B.
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
She drives more carefully than her husband.
2. 在下面句子中的than可以看作关系代词，有时相当于than what。
He meant more than was said.
The medicine is more effective than is expected.
比较等级
最高级句型
A+动词（实义动词）+（the ）副词的最高级+ of （in ）
注意：
副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the ，所有副词最高级前面的the 都可以省略。
Tom can run （the ）fastest in my school.
She can dance （the ）best of all.
I jumped （the ）farthest in my class.
Practice
1. The number of pandas in the world _________ becoming _________.
A. is; more and more
B. are; less and less
C. is; smaller and smaller
D. are; fewer and fewer
2. —Why do you always get good grades in the exam
—I think listening to the teachers is important. _________ you listen to the teachers,
_________ you will get.
A. The more careful, the better
B. The more carefully, the better
C. The more carefully, the good
Practice
3. My grandpa’s health is getting _________ so he has to stay at home.
A. better B. greater
C. older D. poorer
4. The boss asked us to spend _________ money solving (解决) _________ problems.
A. more; more B. less; more
C. fewer; more D. fewer; less
5 China is the third _________ country and has _________ population in the world.
A. large, much
B. larger; larger
C. largest; the most
D. largest; the largest
Practice
6. --Is the population of China _________ than that of America
--Sure. China has the _________ population in the world.
A. more; most B. bigger; biggest
C. biggest; biggest
7. —Many boy students think science is _________ English.
—I agree. I'm weak in English.
A. much difficult than
B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than
D. more difficult than
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