中考英语二轮语法专题复习-介词 课件

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中考英语二轮语法专题复习
形容词
at/in
in/on/to
between/among/around
in front of/in the front of
above/over/on
below/under
地点介词
方位介词
方向介词
across/through/over/past
into/out of/up/down/along
at/in/on
from/since
before/after/ago/later
for/during
by/until, till
in/within
时间介词
with/in/by 表手段/工具
by/in/on 表交通方式
besides/except/except for/but
其他介词
方位介词(1)—in, on & to
Naturo wants to go home, but he doesn't know where it is.
Your house is on the east of XDF school. I will give you a map. You can get some clues about in, on, to. Then you can find your house.
7-11 store is in the west of the MY Village.
XDF school is in the east of the MY Village.
in---在范围
里面
MY Village
XDF school
7-11 store is on the west of the coffee shop.
Post office is on the north of the XDF school.
XDF school
post office
on---相邻
接壤
Coffee shop is to the west of the XDF school.
Post office is to the east of the bookstore.
Bookstore
post office
to---不相邻
有距离
in, on & to
in in在里面，on on两相连，to to远处见
in
on
to
Naruto's house is on the east of XDF school.
Naruto's house
in, on & to
---Where is China
---China lies the east of Asia and the north of Australia.
A. to, to B. in, to
C. to, in D. in, on
Asia
Australia
China
√
方位介词(2)—at, in
at ---小地点（具体）
in ---大地方
at 7-11 store
at school
in Australia
in China
in Guangzhou
at & in
1. ---When did your foreign friend arrive Shenzhen
--- He arrived here the afternoon of May 8th.
A. at, at B. in, in C. in, on D. at, in
2. Connie arrived the village a snowy night.
A. at, on B. at, in C. in, at D. in, on
√
√
方位介词(3)—above, over & on
There is a picture above the bed.
over
on
above---在上面（无接触）
over---正上方（无接触）
on---在上面（有接触）
方位介词(4)—below & under
There is a picture below the table.
under
反义词：
below—above
under—over
below---在下面(无接触)
under---正下方(无接触)
注意！
over “超过、覆盖、遍及”
all around… =all over… 遍及…
E.g. He is over 90.
2. above & below “指温度、海拔等的刻度高于或低于…”
E.g. The average temperature this summer in Guangzhou is above 35℃.
1. If you feel tired, you can put the box the floor.
2. You have to be 18 to do this job.
3. The mountain is 4,000 meters the sea level.
on
over
above
over
方位介词(5)—among, between & around
among ---
between---
三者（以上）之中
两者之间
around ---
在…周围
among, between & around
Wushu is becoming more and more
popular westerners.
A. among B. between
C. in D. within
√
方位介词(6)—in front of & in the front of
There is a student in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
范围外
范围内
classroom
teacher
building
student
in front of---behind
in the front of ---at the back of
1. behind “在…后面”（范围外）
2. at the back of “在…后面”（范围内）
注意！
in front of & in the front of
---Why are you standing, Alice
---I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.
A. behind B. in the front of
C. between D. in front of
√
Mike
方位介词(7)—beside, by, near, next to
near/by---
beside ---
next to ---
“在附近，靠近”
距离稍远些
“在…旁边”
距离稍近些
“与…相邻, 紧靠着”
距离更近
Lucy
方向介词(1)—across, through, over, past
1. across---“横过”表面穿过，平面
E.g. He swam across the river.
2. through---“贯穿, 通过”空间内
E.g. The river run through the city.
3. over---“越过”上方
E.g. the birds fly over the town.
1
2
3
4. past---“经过”物体的旁边
across, through, over, past
Mike
口诀
Across 平面，Through空间
Over 上方， Past旁边
across, through, over, past
1
2
3
Mike
4
through
over
across
past
方向介词(2)——into, out of, up, down, along
into---从外向里
out of---从里向外
into, out of, up, down, along
up---由下向上
down---由上向下
along---沿着
(road, river, line 狭长的东西）
时间介词(1)—at, in, on
at ---具体时间点、节假日、夜里、中午…
in--- 一段时间、年月、世纪、季节、上/下午、晚上
at ten o’clock
at noon
at Christmas
in an hour
in 2015
in 21st century
in autumn
in the morning
on---具体某一天（的上/下午、晚上）
at, in, on
on December 1st
on Monday morning
on Teachers’ Day
年、月、季、周与星期前有限定词语(this，that，next，last，one)，介词省略
E.g. We went to the park last week.
注意!
March 8, 2014, the flight of Malaysia Air-lines MH370 got lost with 239 passengers in it.
I usually eat lunch noon.
Both my parents were born 1970.
On
at
in
at, in, on
时间介词(2)— by, until/till
by 到…以前、不迟于、到…时（为止）
by six o’clock
by the end of
by then
by the time + 从句 在…之前
E.g. How many English books had you read by the end
of last year
Jim had left by the time I arrived.
by, until/till
考点——
until 直到…为止
E.g. I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。
not… until... 直到…才...
E.g. I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。
by, until/till
until是till的强调形式，一般情况下可互换
E.g. It was not until I finished the work that I could go home.
until可用于句首，而till一般不用于句首
E.g. Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing.
在固定组合中，till/until不能替换
E.g. from morning till night
时间介词(3)— from, since
from--- “从…开始”from…to…
E.g. The meeting will be held from eight to ten.
since--- since+时间点/从句“自从…起，一直到现在”
E.g. The meeting began in Guangzhou since eight o’clock.
for--- “持续 ”表示时间长度 for+时间段
E.g. The meeting lasted for two hours.
时间介词(4)— for, during
during---“在…期间”during+时间段
E.g. He swims every day during the summer.
last 动词 持续
last for
表示手段/工具——with, in
I cut the apple with a knife.
He broke the window with that stone.
I often do my homework with a pen.
with+冠/代词+名词（工具、手段）
其他介词（1）
E.g. I lived in Huizhou with my family.
with 和..一起 （表示伴随）
with 带有，具有
E.g. People usually consider a goddess as a girl with long hair.
注意！
He wrote in pencil.
I can chat with you in English.
In+物质名词（材料、语言）
注意！
in+颜色
in+颜色+衣服
穿…衣服
E.g. Who is the girl in a green skirt
表示交通方式——by, in, on
by+交通工具
1. I often go to school by bike.
2. I often go to school on a bike.
3. I often go to school in my car.
on+冠词/代词+交通工具
in+冠词/代词+交通工具
开放式或半封闭式
封闭式
其他介词（2）
Timmy goes to school __________ every day . It's 5 minutes' walk from his home to school.
A. in a bus B. by plane
C. on foot D. by boat
--- How are you going to the train station to meet
your aunt
--- I'm going there ________ my car.
A. by B. in C. to D. on
√
√
besides, except, except for, but
其他介词（3）
besides “除了……外，还有……”（相加关系）
E.g. I like English and maths besides Chinese.
E.g. Everyone is in the office except Miss Li.
except “除去……以外”同类中去除 （相减关系）
but “除去……以外”语气比except更强
besides, except, except for, but
E.g. The composition is excellent except for some spelling mistakes.
except for “除去……以外”整体和细节（相减关系）
besides, except, except for, but