Units 1 - 4 知识点归纳 2023-2024学年鲁教版英语七年级上册

Unit 1
词法：
卷发/直发：curly hair/straight hair
长发/短发：long hair/short hair
金色的头发:blonde hair
形容词并列的话，顺序为：长短，曲直，颜色
eg: 金色的长直发：long straight blonde hair
中等身材：be of medium build
中等身高：be of medium height 注意加上be动词
eg: 他中等身材。He is of medium build.
不同地：differently 副词，动＋副
不同的：different 形容词，形+名，系（be）+形
eg: think describe the same person in countries
不同地：really 副词，位置比较特殊，位于be动词后，形容词，副词，动词前。 eg: He is really great. He runs really fast. I really like this pet dog.
不同的：real 形容词，形+名, eg: 真正的年龄：the real age
end：“结尾，尽头”
in the end ：“最后，终于”，放在句子前，用“逗号”隔开。
eg: In the end,the real criminal is a short and heavy old man.
at the end of...：“在...的结尾/尽头”
eg: at the end of the street/story:“在这条街的尽头/在这个故事的结尾”
good的短语：
be good for sth.“对...有好处”
be good at doing sth. “擅长做某事”
be good with sb. “对...有办法”
may：情态动词，“可能”，may be+形容词/名词，可能有点晚：may be a little late
语法：
询问某人长什么样。What do/does sb. look like
eg.他/她/你爸爸长什么样？What does he/she/your father look like
他们长什么样？What do they look like
回答以下三种情况：
①描述身高，身材。主语+be+它。
He is tall/short. He is of medium height.
He is heavy/thin. He is of medium build.
②描述有什么样的头发，有什么样的眼睛，脸。
He/She has curly hair. He has big eyes. He has a round face.
③描述戴眼镜。
He wears glasses.
选择疑问句：
①助动词开头：Do/Does +主语+动词+选项一+or+选项二？
Do they have straight or curly hair
②be动词开头：Be+主语+选项一+or+选项二？
Is he tall or short
回答从两个选项中选择一个回答。
Unit 2
词法：
名词单数→复数
+es: potato→ potatoes waitress →waitresses tomato→tomatoes
actress→actresses
+s: special →specials bowl→bowls candle→candles dumpling→dumplings
变y为i+es: candy→candies
西红柿汤：tomato soup
西红柿鸡蛋面：tomato and egg noodles
answer:动词，“回答”；名词，“答案”the answer to... ...的答案 the answer to the question 这个问题的答案
if：连词，“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时。
If he blows out all the candles in one go,the wish will come true.
从句：一般现在时 主句：一般将来时
变得流行：get popular 动词短语 正在变得流行：be getting popular
eg: 唱歌正在学校里流行。Singing is getting popular at school.常用以下句型替换：
It is getting popular to sing at school. (It is getting popular to do sth.做某事正流行。)
luck 名词，“运气，幸运”
eg:good luck 好运 bring good luck to sb（用宾格）. 给某人带来好运
lucky 形容词，“幸运的”
luckily 副词，“幸运地”，放在句首，后加逗号，翻译为“幸运地是，”
eg:She is lucky. She is a lucky girl.她很幸运。她是个幸运的女孩。
7.health 名词，“健康” be good for our/my health “对我们的/我的健康有益”
healthy 形容词，“健康的” keep healthy “保持健康”
一大碗： a large bowl 后面有名词，才加of
eg:我想要一大碗。I’d like a large bowl.
我想要一大碗面条。I’d like a large bowl of noodles.
and“和”用于肯定句，变疑问句，否定句，要变成or
some“一些”用于肯定句，变疑问句，否定句，要变成any
number:名词，“数字，号码”
the number of... “...的数量”，做主语，相当于是单数，be动词用is
eg: The number of candles is the person’s age.
a number of...“许多...”
would like=want “想要”，用法：后加名词或动词不定式
would like sth. 想要某物
would like to do sth.想要做某事
eg:我们想要一碗牛肉面。We’d like a bowl of beef noodles.
我这周末想要去看电影。I’d like to go to the movies on the weekend.
语法：would like的用法：
你想要什么种类的面条？What kind of noodles would you like
I’d like beef noodles,please.
你想要多大碗的？What size would you like I’d like a large bowl,please.
你想要一大碗吗？Would you like a large bowl Yes,please.
西红柿鸡蛋汤里面有肉吗？Is there any meat in the tomato and egg soup No,there isn’t any./No,there is no meat.(no=not any)
服务员问“你现在要点菜吗？”May I take your order
回答：Yes,I’d like ...
Unit 3
词法：
动词短语：
给奶牛挤奶：milk a cow 骑马:ride a horse 骑自行车：ride a bike
喂鸡：feed chickens 带某人参观...：show sb. around ...
farm:名词，“农场”
farmer：名词，“农民”，动词“务农”
farming：名词，“农场经营，务农”
I learned a lot about on the .
相当多的...：quite a lot of...,quite是副词，修饰 a lot
something：某件事情，某物，用于肯定句 anything：“任何事物”用在疑问句中，
worry：动词，“为...担心”
worry about... “为...担心”
worried：既可以看做worry的过去式，
也可以看做形容词，“担心的”构成短语：be worried about...=worry about
get:系动词，“变得...”,后加形容词，系+行，get fat “变胖”
get：实义动词，“得到，去拿”，get a gift “得到一个礼物”
love：动词，“爱”
lovely：形容词，“可爱的” a lovely girl “一个可爱的女孩”
slow：形容词，“慢的”，slowly：副词，“慢地”
fast：形容词，“快的”， fast：副词，“快地”
形容词：形容人或事物的词，一般是...的。修饰名词，形+名；放在系动词后，系+形。
副词：修饰动词，形容词或副词，一般是...地。动+副，副+形，副+副。
eg：It is slow.（系+形） It runs slowly.（动＋副）
区分形容词-ed -ing，-ed形容人的感受，-ing令人...的
interested：对...感兴趣的 excited：感到兴奋的
interesting：有趣的 exciting：令人兴奋的
短语：对...有兴趣：be interested in...
hear:动词，“听见，听到”，表结果
hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
对比:see
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
invite：动词，“邀请”
invite sb. to +地点 “邀请某人去某地”
invite sb. to do sth. “邀请某人做某事”
teach：动词，“教”
teach sb. sth. “教某人某事”
teach sb. to do sth. “教某人做某事”
teach sb. how to do sth. “教某人怎样做某事”
buy ：动词，“买”
buy sb. sth. “给某人买某物”=buy sth. for sb.
语法：
一般过去时
1.含义：（1）过去发生的事情或存在的状态（2）过去经常发生的事情或状态
2.结构：（1）含有be动词（was、were）
肯定句：主be(was/were)它
否定句：主be（was/were）+not+它
一般疑问句：be（Was/Were）主它？
回答：Yes,主+was/were./No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
含有实义动词，不含有be动词的
肯定句：主动（动词过去式）它
否定句：主+didn’t+动词原形+它
一般疑问句：Did+主+动词原形+它？
回答：Yes,主+did./No,主+didn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
eg:What did you do last weekend
疑问词+动词过去式+其他？（疑问词做主语，一般是who）
eg:Who visited her grandma Becky did.
动词过去式的变化规则：直 d 双 改 特
特殊情况记住：go-went take-took have-had buy-bought eat-ate see-saw
meet-met put-put come-came wake-woke read-read do-did feed-fed
grow-grew hear-heard get-got teach-taught cut-cut find-found lose-lost
你的学校旅行怎么样？How was your school trip It was great.
你去动物园了吗？Did you go to the zoo No,I didn’t.
你看到奶牛了吗？Did you see any cows Yes,I did.
卡尔骑马了吗？Did Carol ride a horse No,she didn’t.
草莓好吗？Were the strawberries good Yes,they were.
Unit 4
词法：
camp：动词“扎营”=go camping
打羽毛球：play badminton
去海滩：go to the beach
sheep：单复数同形 mouse复数mice butterfly复数butterflies
as：介词，“作为” I worked as a guide at the museum.
熬夜：stay up late I stayed up late to watch the soccer game.
scared:形容词，“惊慌的，吓坏了的”，形容人的感受
scary：形容词，“令人害怕的”，形容事物的特点
Last weekend was interesting but scary.
shout :动词，“喊”
对某人喊叫： shout at...（生气而喊） shout to...（距离远而喊）
把某人叫醒：wake up 人是代词，只能放在wake up的中间，人是名词，可以放中间，也可以放后面。
eg: wake him up “把他叫醒” wake Lucy up=wake up Lucy “把露西叫醒”
tell：动词，“讲述，告诉”
tell sb. about sth. 给某人讲述有关某事
tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事
tell stories 讲故事
祝你周末过得愉快：Have a good weekend.
祝你玩得愉快：Have a good/great/wonderful day/time.
搭帐篷：put up a tent
surprise:名词，“惊喜，惊奇”； 动词，“使吃惊”
短语：get a surprise “吃惊” To one’s surprise, “让某人惊讶的是，”
keep us warm：“取暖”keep+宾语（人/物）+宾语补足语（形容词） “让某人怎么样”
so...that...“如此...以至于...”引导结果状语从句
I was so tired that I went to sleep early.
语法：
感叹句：口诀：what a 名，how形
what型：What +a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主谓）
What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主谓）
How型：How+形容词/副词（+主谓）
eg:多么有趣的一个故事啊！
What an interesting story (it is)!=How interesting (the story is)!
好漂亮的裙子啊！
What beautiful dresses (they are)!=How beautiful (the dresses are)!
你上周末做什么了？What did you do last weekend I did my homework.
谁拜访了她的祖母？Who visited her grandma Becky did.
她上周末去哪里了？Where did she go last weekend She went to a farm.
她和谁一起去的？Who did she go with She went with her classmates.