Unit 1 Friends Grammar 课件(共42张PPT)2023-2024学年初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册

(共42张PPT)
Unit 1 Friends
Grammar
学习目标
1.掌握形容词比较级和最高级的构成；
2.学会正确使用形容词比较级来比较两个人或两件物品；
3.学会正确使用形容词最高级来比较三个或超过三个的人或物品。
新课导入
Betty has short hair .
Her hair is short.
short
adjective (形容词)
after
新课导入
Betty’s hair is short
Betty’s hair is shorter than May’s (hair).
May’s hair is longer than Betty’s (hair).
Compare them
新课导入
The white jeep is longer than the black one.
The black jeep is shorter than the white one.
Compare them
新课导入
Her hair is longer than mine.
Her hair is the longest in the world.
comparative 比较级
superlative 最高级
新课导入
The black and white dog is the happiest of the three.
The yellow dog is still happier.
The white dog is very happy.
Compare them
新课导入
the biggest
bigger
big
Compare them
新课讲解
形容词通常有三种形式: 原级，比较级和最高级，用来表示人或事物在某方面的不同程度。
比较级和最高级
(Comparative and superlative adjectives)
Comparatives(比较级)
We use them to compare ___ things/people and
add ____ after them.
B. Superlatives(最高级)
We use them to compare ___________ things/people
and add ___ or _____ before them.
two
than
three or more
the
one’s
新课讲解
形容词比较级和最高级形式
形容词原级 比较级 最高级
短词
tall small
词尾＋er
词尾＋est
taller
tallest
smaller
smallest
一、规则变化
新课讲解
形容词原级 比较级 最高级
以不发音的e结尾的形容词
nice fine
以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词
pretty easy
把 y 改成 i + er
+ st
nicer
nicest
finer
finest
把 y 改成 i + est
prettier
+ r
easier
prettiest
easiest
新课讲解
形容词原级 比较级 最高级
重读闭音节,结尾只有一个辅音字母
slim big
长 词
beautiful important
双写最后一个辅音字母 + est
slimmer
slimmest
bigger
biggest
双写最后一个辅音
字母 + er
前面 + more
前面 + most
more beautiful
more important
most beautiful
most important
新课讲解
特殊形容词原级 比较级 最高级
good
bad/ill
little
much/many
old
far
better
best
worse
worst
二、不规则变化
less
least
more
most
older/elder
oldest/eldest
farther/further
farthest/ furthest
新课讲解
Adjective Comparative Superlative
funny
bad
healthy
careful
large
smart
slim
funnier
funniest
worse
healthier
worst
healthiest
more careful
most careful
larger
largest
smarter
smartest
slimmer
slimmest
Complete the table below.
新课讲解
Good, better, best,
Never let it rest,
And till good is better,
Better is best. !
A Poem
新课讲解
形容词比较级的句型结构
He is older than you.
主语+动词+
形容词比较级
+than+
比较对象
形容词最高级的句型结构
I’m the oldest of the three.
主语+动词+
形容词的最高级
+of +
比较对象
（+ in + 比较范围 ）
新课讲解
Model: Donald is _________(neat) Sam.
neater than
1.Jane is _____________(tall) Amy.
2.Carl is _____________(heavy) Jack.
3.I am _______________(fat) Betty.
4.The pie is ____________(good) the cake.
5.Julie is ______________(thin) John.
6.Her parents aren’t ___________(rich) his.
7.My home isn’t ______________(far) hers.
taller than
heavier than
fatter than
better than
thinner than
richer than
farther than
新课讲解
Model:
Brian is __________(smart) person I know.
the smartest
1.Marvin is ______________(clever) boy .
2.Uncle is ____________________(interesting) person in our family.
3.We have ____________(large) room in the building.
4.Mel is _____________(lazy) student of all.
the cleverest
the most interesting
the largest
the laziest
新课导入
Millie Sandy Amy Peter Kitty Simon
Height (cm) 157 170 160 168 173 171
Weight (kg) 45 50 44 55 40 53
Swimming (sec/50m) 40 38 30 34 36 35
Drawing competition 9/10 10/10 5/10 5/10 6/10 8/10
English test 10/10 8/10 9/10 6/10 8/10 7/10
Profile
当堂小练
Simon is __________ (tall) Kitty.
Peter is __________ (tall) student of the six students.
Sandy is _____________ (heavy) Millie.
Peter is ____________ (heavy) student of the six students.
Millie is __________ (slow) swimmer of the six students.
taller than
the tallest
heavier than
the heaviest
the slowest
Report
当堂小练
6. Amy is ___________ (fast) swimmer of the six students.
7. Millie’s drawing is ___________________ (beautiful) Simon’s.
Sandy’s drawing is ___________________ (beautiful) in the drawing competition.
Millie’s English is _____________ (good) Amy’s. Millie’s English is __________ (good).
more beautiful than
the most beautiful
the fastest
better than
the best
新课讲解
adj./adv.比较级用法　
1. 表一方超过另一方用“比较级 + than…”
2. 表一方随另一方变化而变化(越……, 越……):
“the +比较级 (+主 +谓),the+比较级 (+主 +谓)”
eg. 1) 越高越坏。
2) 越晚越危险。
The higher, the worse.
The later, the more dangerous.
新课讲解
adj./adv.比较级用法　
3. 表本身程度变化(越来越……):
比较级+and +比较级
eg. 1) 他的鞋子越来越脏。
2) 衣服越来越贵。
3) 她们跳得越来越美。
His shoes are dirtier and dirtier.
more +and more+原级
只用于以“more”构成比较级的词　
Clothes are more and more expensive.
They dance more and more beautifully.
新课讲解
adj./adv.比较级用法　
4. “the + 比较级 + of 两者”表示“在两者中较…”
e.g. Lily is ___________ (short) of the two girls.
the shorter
5. 为免重复，在than后常用one(s), that, those等词来
替代前面提到过的名词。
e.g. The weather there is better than _____ in Nanjing.
A. one B. it C. that D. those
新课讲解
adj./adv.比较级用法　
6. 在比较级前可用 much, even,a little, a lot和still等来修饰
e.g. Now the air in our hometown is _______ than it was before.
A. much better B. more worse
C. more better D. much worst
e.g. He ran even ____________ (happy ) at that time.
more happily
新课讲解
adj./adv.比较级用法　
7. 同义句：
　比较级+than any other +单数名词
=比较级+than the other +复数名词
=最高级+范围
eg. Spring is the best season of the year.
=Spring is better _____ ____ ______ season of the year.
=Spring is better ______ _____ _____ seasons of the year.
than
any
other
than
the
other
新课讲解
最高级/比较级/同级比较的相互转换：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
Lucy is the most interesting student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than any other student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than the other students in our class.
新课讲解
adj./adv.最高级用法　
1.三者或以上相比, 表示最高程度用 “the + 最高级”
adv.最高级可省略the
**最高级后常有介词短语(of/among/in …) 来表示范围。
adj.最高级也可用one’s替代the
Jack is our best friend.
Tom is the tallest one of three.
This book is the cheapest one among these books.
It is the biggest city in China.
新课讲解
adj./adv.最高级用法　
2. one of +the +最高级+复数名词
表示“最……之一”
e.g. The hair clip is one of _______________ (pretty)
among those ones.
He was one of _______________(fast) _____________(swim) of all.
the prettiest
the fastest
swimmers
新课讲解
e.g. Changjiang is shorter than Huanghe, but longer than
the other rivers in China.
=Changjiang is ____ ______ _______ river in China.
adj./adv.最高级用法　
3. the second/third/fourth…+最高级
表示“第几……”
e.g. Millie is the third _________(tall) in her class.
tallest
the
second
longest
新课讲解
1. 最高级用于三者及三者以上。
2. 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the。
3. in+范围、of/ among+同范畴的词
in my school in the world,
of the three among all the boys
He is the tallest in the class.
She is the best of all the students.
新课讲解
1. 修饰原级：
very, quite, so, such, much too, too
2. 修饰比较级：
much, far, even, too much, a little, a bit
3. 易混淆的两个句型：
He is the tallest (tall) of the 3 students.
He is the taller (tall) of the 2 students.
新课讲解
4. 重要的句型转换：
He is the tallest in our class.
He is taller than anyone else in our class.
any other student in our class.
(all) the other students in our class.
No one else is taller than him in our class.
5. 易混淆的：
● Wuhan is bigger than ________ city in China.
● Wuhan is bigger than _____ city in Jiangsu.
A. all the other B. any C. other D. any other
6. one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数形式
● Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in China.
any other
any
课堂小结
一、英语中形容词通常有三种等级 — 原级、比较级和最高级，用来描述人或事物在某个方面的不同程度。其中比较级的构成分为规则变化（分为长词变化规则和短词变化规则两类）以及不规则变化。如：long — longer — longest, important — more important — most important, many/much — more — most
语法小结
课堂小结
二、当把两个人或事物作比较时要用比较级。即：两者之间用比较级。如：
Who is more generous, Kitty or Sandy
三个及以上的人或事物之间进行比较时要用最高级，即三者及以上用最高级。如：
Whose drawing is the most beautiful, Millie’s, Sandy’s or Amy’s
三、比较级常和than连用，最高级常和三者及以上的范围连用，如: in her class, of the three, of all, among the six students, in China等等。
当堂小练
( ) 1. My mother is _______ in our family.
A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy
( ) 2. This apple is _______ of all.
A. redder B. the redest C. the reddest D. reddest
( ) 3.Which pen is _______ , this one or that one
A. dear B. dearest C. the dearest D. dearer
( ) 4. Kate is ____ than all the other girls. She is ____ of all.
A. taller , tallest B. taller , the tallest
C. the tallest , tallest D. tallest , the tallest
( ) 5. _______ of the two men is my uncle.
A. The older B. Old C. The oldest D. Oldest
B
C
D
B
A
Multiple Choice
当堂小练
格林先生是这四个人当中最高最胖的。
Mr Green is _____________ and __________________.
2. 小香蕉往往比大香蕉好。
Small bananas are often _______________________.
3. 我的铅笔比你的短得多。
My pencil is ______________________.
4. 在中国，哪一条河流最长？
Which river is __________________ in China
the tallest
fattest of the four
better than big ones
much shorter than yours
the longest
Translation
当堂小练
格林先生是这四个人当中最高最胖的。
Mr. Green is ________ and ______________.
2. 小香蕉往往比大香蕉好。
Small bananas are often _________________.
3. 我的画是绘画比赛中最美的。
My drawing is _____________________________________ .
the tallest
fattest of the four
better than big ones
the most beautiful in the drawing competition
Translation
My drawing is more beautiful than any other drawing in the drawing competition.
My drawing is more beautiful than all the other drawings in the drawing competition.
当堂小练
用括号内所给形容词的正确形式填空。
John is fifteen. Kate is fourteen. Lily is thirteen. John is ______ (young). But he is ____ (old) than Kate and Lily. Kate is _______ (young) than John but ____ (old) than Lily. Lily is __________ (young) of all.
Jack’s mooncake is _____ (nice) than Kate’s, but Sue’s mooncake is _____(nice) than Jack’s. Sue’s is ________ (nice) of all.
young
older
younger
older
the youngest
nicer
nicer
the nicest
Exercise
当堂小练
On the wall there is a picture. We can see the sun and the moon in it. The moon looks ______ (big) than the sun in the picture. But in fact the sun is _____ (big) than the moon. The moon is ______ (small) than the sun.
The red bag is _____ (heavy), but the white bag is _______ (heavy) than it. The yellow bag is _______ (heavy) than the white one. So the yellow one is __________ (heavy) of the three.
bigger
bigger
smaller
heavy
heavier
heavier
the heaviest
当堂小练
改错
My cat is more lazier than yours.
He is the taller boy in my class.
The girl is the prettier in my school.
I like this book best than that one.
Jane is the funnyest boy in our class.
tallest
prettiest
better
funniest
1. Revise the use of adjectives, comparatives and superlatives.
2. Complete the exercises in the workbook.
课后作业