高三英语定语从句复习课件2015

课件56张PPT。GrammarThe Attributive ClauseWho will win the match is still unknown.
I want to know what he has told you.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
The news that we won the game is exciting. 主语从句宾语从句表语从句
同位语从句Who will win the matchwhat he has told youthat we have lost the gamethat we won the game定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句.He is a boy who runs fast in Class Four.who runs fast in Class Four 关系词 作用： 引导定语从句；
代替先行词
在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份
The man who is standing there is my brother.先行词：
被定语从句所修饰的词
关系代词：引导定语从句的词
2.?关系词(引导词)
关系代词:
关系副词:
人人物人/物who, whom, which, that, whose ,as
（主宾表）when, where, why（状）(whose作定语;whom作宾语)
如何选择用哪一个关系词?看先行词是人还是物
看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分,如果充当主,宾,表,定语, 就用关系代词, 如果充当状语,就用关系副词I know the boy who/that sits on the left of Chenchengjie.I know the woman whose husband is a doctor.I know the boy. The boy sits on the left of Cehnchengjie.把下面的句子合并成定语从句：I know the woman. The woman’s husband is a doctor.English is an important subject. We must learn English well.English is an important subject (which/that) we must learn well. who/thatwhich/thatwhoseI’ll never forget Luoding Middle School. I study in Luoding Middle School.I’ll never forget Luoding Middle School where I study.
I’ll never forget those days when I studied in Luoding Middle School.I’ll never forget those days.
I studied in Luoding Middle School in those days.wherewhen当先行词是物或人时,只用that 或只用which
或只用who引导定语从句的情况
2.当先行词是表示时间,地点或原因的名词时,
如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
3.whose 的用法及转换形式
4.as 与which的区别
5.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
6. 介词+关系代词
定语从句的常见考点 考点一
当先行词是物或人时,只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况
1.Everything ______ can be done has been done.
2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand ?先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词thatthatI’ve read all the books ________
you lent me.that先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?that1.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时The school and students that he visited made a deep impression (印象) on him.
先行词中既有人又有事物时Who is the person _______is standing at the gate?
Which is the bike _______ you lost?that若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不再用 who, which，而用 that。that1. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
Exercises2.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
3. 这是我读过的最有趣的小说。
4. 这是你第三次迟到了。
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.It is the third time that you have been late.只用which的情况: 1.逗号后面
2.介词后面 3. 先行词本身就是thatJohn said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______ was true.(2001京皖春季)
A. he B. this C. which D. who
2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_______ are sold abroad.
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that3. What’s that ______ flashed in the sky just now?whichCA当anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 只用whoAnyone _____breaks the law will be
punished.
Those _____ break the law will be punished.
He _____ breaks the law will be punished.
whowhowho 考点二:
关系副词关系词关系代词
关系副词which that who whom whosewhere when why 关系词副词的作用：
____主从句，
在从句中_____状语，
____表示时间，地点，原因的先行词。 连接充当指代 1. where指____，在定语从句中作__________，
相当于___________.它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等 This is the library _________ I read books. where地点状语地点This is the library.
I read books in the library.介词+whichWhere 作地点状语，意为 in the library.= in which 2. when指_____,在定语从句中作________, 相当
于_____________.它的先行词通常为time, day,
morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等。
时间时间状语 They’ll never forget July 1.
Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1.介词+which
They’ll never forget July 1 _____HongKong
returned to its motherland.When作时间状语，意为 on July 1.= on whichwhen3. Why指_________，在定语从句中作_______ ,
也可用_________替代。它的先行词只有reason。
原因或理由原因状语whyPlease give me the reason _______you were late this time.(when, where, why)Why作原因状语，意为for the reason.=for whichfor whichwhen
=on(in,during…)which
时间名词时间状语where
=on(in,in front of…)which
why
=for which地点名词地点状语reason原因状语 考点二:
先行词是表示时间,地点或原因的名词时
关系副词or关系代词?His father works in a factory _______makes radio parts.His father works in a factory _______radio parts are made. whichwhere选用where，which方法一:看关系词在从句中充当什么成分
充当主，宾，表或定语用 。
充当状语用 。关系代词关系副词This is the house __________they visited last time.This is the house________ we lived before.This is the house ______we lived in before.which wherewhich方法二.看从句中的谓语动词
vt. 后面无宾语,用关系代词
vi. 后面没介词，用关系副词
后面有介词,用关系代词，做介词的宾语选用where, whichShe will never forget the day ______ she lost the ring. I will never forget the day _________ we spent in Beijing.whenwhich选用when， which方法三:看从句的意思是否完整
不完整,用关系代词,
完整,用关系副词Tell the difference between them.
This is the factory( _____________ makes shoes.)
This is the factory( ______ his father works.)
This is the factory (_____________ we visited yesterday.)
?
The day( ____________ I will never forget )is January 30th.
I can not forget the day (________ ) I joined the party.
Please tell me the reason( _______you are late.)
He has told me the reason( _____________ can explain his absence(缺席) from the meeting. )
The reason (______________he told us) was not true. which/thatwherewhich/that/---which/that/--whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that /---1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。
He will remember the years ________________he studied at college.when/in whichThis is the farm _______________my father used to work.where/on which2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替Do you know the reason why/ for which he was late? 考点三
whose 用法及转换形式1. whose引导定语从句，在从句中充当定语,其后应紧跟名词,whose实际上是先行词的所有格
That’s the child whose father is a teacher. whose= the child’sDo you know the woman husband is a doctor?
This is a book cover is green.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。 whosewhose3. whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同，即whose+ n.=the +n. + of which 或of which + the + n.He lives in the room,
____________________faces south.the window of whichHe lives in the room, _____________________faces south.of which the windowHe lives in the room whose window faces south.考点四：as与which引导的定语从句小结: as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句, 可以在从句中做主语,宾语或表语,代替主句或先行词.E. g: (1) He married her, which was natural.(2) As we can see, he is honest.(3) The dog, which is black, is running toward the strange man. as一般译成 “正如……,像……”,常与动词know, expect, report, see, announce, point out等连用E.g: (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.She has been late again, as is expected.(2) He has been to Paris for ten times, which I don’t believe.which引导的定语从句不能放句首.(3) He didn’t pass the exam, which made his father very angry.当主从句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系时常用which当先行词受such, the same修饰时,常用as (1) I have never heard such stories _____he tells.(2) She wore the same skirt _____her younger sister wore.asas高考链接(用as/which填空)
1.______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.(NMET2001)
2. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
(2005浙江)Aswhich3. ____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
(2004北京)
4. Tom has made rapid progress，
_________makes me very happy。Aswhich 考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题
1. I am not one who ______afraid of difficulty．
2. Don‘t choose me, who _______not fit for this job．isam定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 3. This is one of the best books _______.
A. that have ever been written
B. that has ever been written
C. that has written
D. that have written
4. She is the only one of the girls ___ well in class.
A. which sings B. who sing
C. who sings D. who to singone of+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词
the only one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词She is not the only one of the girls ___ well in class.
A. which sings B. who sing
C. who sings D. who to sing
not the only one of… =one of…,
谓语也要用复数形式 考点六:
介词+which/whom中如何选用介词?
（三原则：一先二动三意义）根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配。
I remember1.一先（先行词） the day which I joined the Party. the days which I lived here. the month which I stayed there.onduringin看定语从句谓语动词与介词的搭配
This is the book2.二动（动词） which I paid 5 yuan. which I spent 5 yuan. which I learn a lot. which Tom often talks. onforfromabout根据整句及上下文的意义。The colorless gas is called oxygen, _______which man can’t live.3.三意义withoutMan can’t live without oxygen.Peter __________ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.
His house ___________ he paid $10,000 ten years ago is now worth $30,000.
I lost my glasses _____________ I could see nothing.
There is a big tree _____________ some people are sitting and chatting.
They collected much money ____________ they could help the disabled.
Yesterday we visited the Century Park ___________ there are many pigeons.
You can get off at the next stop ____________ you can change for the No.10 bus.
There is the crossroad __________ you can see the KFC.with whomfor whichwithout whichunder whichwith whichin whichat whichat which有固定搭配的动词词组中的介词一般不能提前。如：listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, look after等。( ) The patient after whom she is looking is her father.
( ) The patient whom she is looking after is her father.注意:FT定语从句中的特例当先行词是situation, case, scene,point时，一般用where,最佳选择则是in whichLet me think of a proper situation where/in which this sentence can be used.当先行词是the way时,引导词可以用that或in which ,还可以省略I don’t like the way (that
/in which) you laugh at her.Translation 1. 这就是那位帮助我的人。
This is the man who helped me.
2. 你昨天见到的史密斯夫人是我的一个朋友。
Mrs Smith whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
3. 你认识一个叫王雨的人吗？
Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?4. 我收到的那份礼物是我哥送的。
The present that / which I received was from my brother.
5. 他在我出去的那个星期来我家了。
He came to my home during the week when I was out.
6. 请给我解释一下你不辞而别的理由好吗？
Could you please give me a reason why you left without a word? 定语从句解题思路:通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。
题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。
分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词
4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。