福建省厦门市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）

福建省厦门市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What does Leon want to do this term
A．Make money. B．Earn more credits. C．Get experience.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Congratulations, Leon! You're chosen as a host in our school's broadcasting station. Will you be paid each month
M: No, but I can get two credits this term. In fact, I want to gain some practical experience from it.
【分析】问题： Leon 这个学期想做什么？根据"but I can get two credits this term. In fact, I want to gain some practical experience from it."但是这学期我可以拿到两个学分。事实上，我想从中获得一些实践经验。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What is Maggie probably doing now
A．Eating eggs. B．Doing the laundry. C．Cooking breakfast.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hey, Maggie. Eggs are still in the frying pan. They're going to be burnt.
W: Oops, I totally forgot that. Can you turn off the gas I'm busy with these dirty clothes.
【分析】问题： Maggie 现在可能在做什么？根据"I'm busy with these dirty clothes."我正忙于这些脏衣服，可推知她在洗衣服，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What will the woman keep
A．A cat. B．A dog. C．A turtle.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I'm thinking of getting a special pet, not a dog or a cat. They're so common.
M: How about a turtle It's quiet and easy to keep.
W:OK, I'll feed one.
【分析】问题：女士会养什么？根据"How about a turtle It's quiet and easy to keep."一只乌龟怎么样？它很安静，很容易饲养；以及"OK, I'll feed one."好的，我喂一只。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）How does the man sound in the end
A．Annoyed. B．Excited. C．Confident.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: That phone ringing all the time is driving me mad! There must be something wrong.
W: Let me check it. Believe me. Okay, it's fixed. Here you are.
M: Bravo! You're such an expert!
【分析】问题：男士最后听起来怎么样？根据" Bravo! You're such an expert!"太棒了！你真是个专家！可知他很激动，故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Neighbors.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Grandfather and granddaughter.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's the first time I've visited our next door. Honey, you know what I'm shocked by the old furniture in Sophie's room. She tells me her grandpa gave it to her.
M: Really It could be worth a fortune. We should also leave something to our future grandchildren.
【分析】问题：谈话人之间可能存在什么关系？根据"It's the first time I've visited our next door. Honey, you know what I'm shocked by the old furniture in Sophie's room. She tells me her grandpa gave it to her."这是我第一次参观我们的隔壁。亲爱的，你知道吗？索菲房间里的旧家具让我大吃一惊。她告诉我是爷爷给她的；以及"Really It could be worth a fortune. We should also leave something to our future grandchildren."真正地它可能值一大笔钱。我们也应该给我们未来的孙辈留下一些东西。可推知他们是夫妻，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who is the woman
A．A shop assistant. B．The man's wife. C．A cashier.
7．What is the man going to do with the blouse
A．Return it. B．Pay for it. C．Exchange it.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: If this blouse doesn't fit my wife, may I return it
W: Certainly. You'll receive a full refund within 7 days if it's not damaged by human error. And you must show your receipt.
M: Oh, I see. But what if I just want to get it exchanged
W: You may change it for the goods at the same or a lower price within 14 days.
M: Okay, I'll take it. Can I pay it by credit card
W: I guess it's OK. But you should make it clear to the cashier.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：女士是谁？根据"If this blouse doesn't fit my wife, may I return it "如果这件上衣不合身，我可以退货吗？；以及" Certainly. You'll receive a full refund within 7 days if it's not damaged by human error. And you must show your receipt."当然如果不是人为错误损坏，您将在7天内收到全额退款。你必须出示收据。可知她是一名店员，故选A。
7．问题：男士打算怎么处理这件衬衫？根据" I'll take it. Can I pay it by credit card "我买了。我可以用信用卡付款吗？故选B。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a museum.
B．At a parking lot.
C．At a bus station.
9．How long does it take the woman to the park by taxi
A．20 minutes. B．25 minutes. C．30 minutes.
10．What advice does the man give to the woman
A．Taking a bus.
B．Taking a taxi.
C．Walking to the park.
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me, sir. Which bus should I take if I go to Central Park
M: The No. 3 is heading in that direction. But you'll wait at least 20 minutes for it in the rush hour.
W: That's too long. I think I'd call a taxi.
M: Maybe it's not a good idea, either. Taking a taxi is not worth it. It'll take you 25 minutes there. There seems to be a traffic jam. Why not walk to the park You can go straight from the opposite museum, and when you see a large parking lot, you're almost there. That'll take nearly 30 minutes.
W: You're right. Although a 30-minute walk is tiring, it's the best option for now.
M: Exactly.
W: Thank you very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：谈话可能发生在哪里？根据对话内容可推知，他们可能在公交站，故选C。
9．问题：女士乘出租车去公园要多长时间？根据"Taking a taxi is not worth it. It'll take you 25 minutes there"打车不值得。到那里要花25分钟故选B。
10．问题：男士给女士什么建议？根据"Why not walk to the park You can go straight from the opposite museum, and when you see a large parking lot, you're almost there. That'll take nearly 30 minutes."为什么不步行去公园呢？你可以从对面的博物馆直接走，当你看到一个大停车场时，你就快到了。这需要将近30分钟。故选C。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Why does Eric quit
A．He wants to work close to his parents.
B．He doesn't get enough paid holidays.
C．He finds a new job with a higher salary.
12．In which country does Eric work
A．China. B．Finland. C．TheU.S.
13．What does Ms. Thomas think of Eric's job performance
A．It's poor. B．It's ordinary. C．It's great.
【答案】11．A
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Good morning, Ms. Thomas. Can I have a talk with you
W: Yes, Eric. Come in please.
M: I've made a tough decision. I have to give up my job now.
W: It comes as a bit of surprise. Why do you want to leave
M: My parents live in Finland. You know it's far away. They hope I'll work there and spend more time with them. It takes me about 10 hours to fly from Shanghai to Finland each time.
W: But you can visit them more often during the holidays. What about I permit you 10 more days off each year Or I can help you apply for a pay rise. Plus, you'll get a golden handshake if you can work in our American branch for at least 5 years. Do you want to go there I truly appreciate your work.
M: Thank you, Ms. Thomas. But I've already made up my mind.
W: Well, I feel sorry about it.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题： Eric 为什么辞职？根据"My parents live in Finland. You know it's far away. They hope I'll work there and spend more time with them. "我父母住在芬兰。你知道它很遥远。他们希望我在那里工作，花更多的时间和他们在一起。故选A。
12．问题： Eric 在哪个国家工作？根据" It takes me about 10 hours to fly from Shanghai to Finland each time."我每次从上海飞到芬兰大约需要10个小时。可推知他在上海工作，故选A。
13．问题： Thomas 女士认为 Eric 的工作表现如何？根据"I truly appreciate your work."我真的很欣赏你的工作。可知Thomas 女士认为 Eric 的工作表现很棒，故选C。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What is Tina's weakest part of learning English
A．Speaking. B．Writing. C．Reading.
15．What matters most in learning a language according to Colin
A．Being patient.
B．Making friends with foreigners.
C．Living in an English-speaking country.
16．What does Colin suggest Tina do
A．Get up earlier to learn.
B．Read newspapers every day.
C．Practice English every morning.
【答案】14．A
15．A
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Colin, you got the highest score on the English exam again. How I envy you!
M: You did make progress this time, especially in reading and writing parts.
W: But I'm still dissatisfied with my spoken English. It's my biggest problem.
M: Cheer up, Tina. Let me help you find the right way to learn English. When you're studying a language, the keyword is patience. It's of the greatest importance, because nobody can master a language all at once.
W: Oh, yeah. But what am I supposed to do Find some foreign friends or go abroad to learn it
M: Not exactly. You can just make full use of every morning to practice English.
W: Should I get up earlier every day
M: You don't have to do so. Actually, there are indeed many chances in the morning that you can grasp to learn English. For example, you can listen to English news while you are dressing and washing. At the same time, you can imitate and speak English loudly. You need to take every opportunity to learn.
W: Practice makes perfect, right
M: You said it.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题： Tina 学习英语最薄弱的部分是什么？根据"But I'm still dissatisfied with my spoken English. It's my biggest problem."但是我仍然对我的英语口语不满意。这是我最大的问题。故选A。
15．问题： Colin 认为，学习一门语言最重要的是什么？根据"When you're studying a language, the keyword is patience."当你在学习一门语言时，关键词是耐心。故选A。
16．问题： Colin 建议 Tina 做什么？根据"You can just make full use of every morning to practice English. "你可以充分利用每天早上的时间来练习英语。故选C。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What is the biggest difference between weak AI and strong AI
A．Cost. B．Service time. C．Human involvement.
18．Which of the following belongs to strong AI
A．Apple's Siri.
B．A self-driving car.
C．AlphaGo.
19．What is many experts' attitude toward the future of AI
A．Supportive. B．Uncertain. C．Depressed.
20．What will be discussed about AI next
A．The problem to deal with.
B．An example of weak AI.
C．The benefit of it.
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．A
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】:] A new era of AI (artificial itelligence) is coming. AI has made its way into a variety of industries, which benefits both businesses and consumers. More and more companies have used it in their products, such as AlphaGo, self-driving, facial recognition, online assistants and so on. Generally, there are two types ofAI: weak AI and strong AL. Weak AI is an AI system that is designed and trained to complete a specific task. For example, Apple's Siri can answer people's simple questions and obey a programmed order. But it can't work without humans. Strong AI differs from weak AI in this part most. Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans, such as the self-driving car It can control a vehicle without human involvement, and avoid unexpected obstacles, such as passersby. As a whole, AI can make human life easy and convenient, and many experts believe the future of AI is bright. But it is expensive and requires complex systems to operate. There are still many problems to solve, such as ...
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：弱人工智能和强人工智能最大的区别是什么？根据"But it can't work without humans. Strong AI differs from weak AI in this part most. Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans"但没有人类，它就无法工作。强人工智能与弱人工智能在这一部分的区别最大。强人工智能可以在没有人类的情况下解决问题并找到解决方案，故选C。
18．问题：以下哪一项属于强人工智能？根据". Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans, such as the self-driving car It can control a vehicle without human involvement"强人工智能可以在没有人类的情况下解决问题并找到解决方案，例如自动驾驶汽车。它可以在没有人参与的情况下控制车辆，故选B。
19．问题：许多专家对人工智能的未来持什么态度？根据"and many experts believe the future of AI is bright. "许多专家认为人工智能的未来是光明的。故选B。
20．问题：接下来将讨论人工智能的哪些内容？根据"There are still many problems to solve, such as ..."还有许多问题需要解决，例如......，可推知接下来将会讨论要解决的问题，故选A。
三、阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Central Park
Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York.
Let's have a look at its main sights.
Central Park is New York's largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.
Besides being the city's primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).
On Foot or by Bicycle
To get to know some of the wildest parts of Central Park we suggest walking. However, to get a general feel for the whole park, the best thing to do is hire a bicycle and enjoy the scenery.
If you decide to hire a bike, you will find lots of bike rental stores around Central Park that are not very expensive.
Open Time
From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekends. From 6 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. on weekdays.
Price
Entry to the Park is free. But if you visit some parts like Central Park Zoo, you need to buy a ticket.
Transport
Subway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D. Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.
Nearby places
Metropolitan Museum of Art (447 m) Guggenheim Museum (564 m)
American Museum of Natural History (688 m) Whitney Museum of American Art (1 km) The Frick Collection (1.3 km)
21．What can we learn about the Central Park from the text
A．It is home to lakes and waterfalls.
B．It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.
C．It is the largest city park in the world.
D．It is the most famous symbol of New York.
22．Which one of the following things is free
A．Hiring a bicycle.
B．Entrance to Central Park.
C．Visiting Central Park Zoo.
D．Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
23．Where can we find this text
A．In a science report. B．In a geography book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a travel guide.
【答案】21．B
22．B
23．D
【知识点】推理判断题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格和其附近的地点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"It is perfect for sunbathing，going for walks，or doing any outdoor sports."它非常适合做日光浴、散步或任何户外运动。可知中央公园最适合户外运动。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Price 部分中的"Entry to the Park is free."进入公园是免费的，可知，中央公园的门票是免费的。故选B。
23．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了纽约的中央公园和其相关的细节，所以可以得出其来自旅行指南。故选D。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days—both of them, at all hours of the day and night.
"Having a baby unexpectedly at 41 is one thing; having twins is a whole other beast," says the global entertainment editor.
Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. "I was exhausted," she says. "I'd been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse." In early August she took herself to the hospital, to see if she was OK. Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack, and she was 11 weeks pregnant.
"She was stressed and decompensated （代谢失调的）, so everything just came to more than she could handle at
the time," explains doctor Miriam Barnes, who began treating her. "Fortunately, she tried to be positive and seek help from me immediately. I told her not to have any medication at that stage and advised her to take natural therapy （ 疗法）."
A week later Quarles learned that she was having twins. But instead of that news adding to her anxiety, "a total peace came over me, and it felt like it all made sense, " she says. Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. "There's nothing like family," she says. "I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with. I just kept going."
These days Quarles uses social media to document her joyful motherhood journey. Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy—and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help. "At first I felt guilty and embarrassed, " she admits. "I don't anymore. My message is you can fall down. But you can stand up, by yourself or with the help of others. It's not a shame, and it's a blessing."
24．Which of the following best explains "breakneck" underlined in paragraph 2
A．Safe and slow. B．Fast and dangerous.
C．Exciting and terrifying. D．Gentle and comfortable.
25．Why did Quarles return to North Carolina
A．To give birth and make some friends.
B．To have a break and treat her anxiety.
C．To take natural therapy and stay alone.
D．To look after her family and visit a doctor.
26．What does Quarles suggest people under pressure do
A．Keep standing up.
B．Fall down if needed.
C．Face whatever comes.
D．Obtain assistance when necessary.
27．What is a suitable title for the text
A．An Anxious 41-year-old Mother
B．A Mother's Astonishing Experience
C．An Interesting Taste of Motherhood
D．A Mother Fighting Her Mental Breakdown
【答案】24．B
25．B
26．D
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚 夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅。夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查词义猜测。根据第一段"Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days — both of them，at all hours of the day and night."这些天艾丽西亚 夸尔斯忙得不可开交——无论是白天还是晚上；以及第三段中的"‘I was exhausted，'she says.‘I'd been working three jobs，doing my charity and going nonstop.I was afraid my mental health was getting worse.'""我筋疲力尽，"她说。"我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心我的心理健康状况会越来越差。"可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。可推知，划线词breakneck与Fast and dangerous"快速危险"意思接近。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Quarles，who did not take any medication，returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina，where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb.16. ‘There's nothing like family，' she says. ‘I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with.I just kept going.'"2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。"没有什么比家人更好的了，"她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。"可推知，夸尔斯回到北卡罗来纳休息一下，治疗她的焦虑。因此B。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help."夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。可知，夸尔斯建议有压力的人在必要时寻求帮助。故选D。
27．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的"Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack，and she was 11 weeks pregnant."医生给她做了多次检查，告诉她这是焦虑症发作，而且她已经怀孕11周了；第五段中的"Quarles，who did not take any medication，returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina，where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb.16.‘There's nothing like family，' she says‘"I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with.I just kept going.'"2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。"没有什么比家人更好的了，"她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。"；以及最后一段中的"Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help."夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。可知，文章讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚 夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅，夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，并想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。"一位与精神崩溃作斗争的母亲"适合作本文标题。故选D。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解As we all know, insects can be remarkably agile (灵活的) in flight. This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects' agility.
Typically, drones require wide open spaces. "If we look at most drones today, they're usually quite big," says Chen. "Most of their applications involve flying outdoors. The question is: Can you create an insect-sized drone that can move around in very crowded and complex spaces "
According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, "For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives." The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator ( 执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.
Each actuator can beat nearly 500 times per second and weighs just 0.6 gram, approximately the mass of a large bee. It gives the drone insect-like agility. "You can hit it when it's flying, and it can recover," says Chen. "It can also turn over in the air." The drone looks a bit like a tiny cassette tape with wings, though Chen is also working on a new one shaped like a dragonfly.
Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster. "All those things can be very difficult for existing large-scale drones," Chen explains.
28．What can we know about the actuator designed by Chen
A．It weighs about six grams.
B．It drives the insect-sized drone.
C．It loses efficiency too much.
D．It employs conventional materials.
29．Which word can best describe Chen's work
A．Easy. B．Costly. C．Fruitless. D．Challenging.
30．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new drone
A．Its safety standards. B．Its flying range.
C．Its possible applications. D．Its design principle.
31．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．An Insect-like Small Drone
B．The Future of Insect-sized Drones
C．How Drones Will Change the Agriculture
D．What Challenge Drone Development Faces
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授 Chen 研发出一款像昆虫一样的无人机。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says,‘For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.'The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator ( 执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones."大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。因此，Chen说："对于昆虫大小的无人机，你需要寻找替代品。"到目前为止，主要的替代方案是使用一种由新材料制成的小型刚性执行器。Chen设计了一种更灵活的微型无人机，使用软驱动器而不是硬驱动器。可知，关于Chen设计的执行器，我们知道它驱动昆虫大小的无人机。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段"According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. "据Chen说，他在制造无人机时克服了许多问题。昆虫大小的无人机与大型无人机的结构完全不同。大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。可推断，Chen的研发工作很有挑战性。故选D。
30．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的"Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster."Chen说他的无人机在工业和农业上都很有用。它可以进行机械检查，以确保安全和功能。它的潜在应用包括完成灾难后的搜索和救援任务。可知，最后一段主要介绍了"昆虫无人机"的预期应用情况。故选C。
31．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的" This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects' agility."这真的很难植入飞行机器人中，但麻省理工学院助理教授KevinYufengChen已经开发出一种昆虫大小的无人机，接近昆虫的敏捷性。可知，本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样的小型无人机。"一种类似昆虫的小型无人机"适合做文章的标题，故选A。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today's scientific description of the world
The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can't diminish（降低） the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
Consider a folk healer's herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is "scientific" Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not. What distinguishes scientific medicine is the readiness to seriously test a treatment and to be ready to change our minds if something is shown not to work. A research doctor in a modern hospital must be ready to change his theory if a more effective way of understanding illness, or treating it, becomes available.
What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty. As John Stuart Mill wrote in "On Liberty" in 1859, "The beliefs which we have most warrant （依据） for, have no safeguard to rest on, but a standing invitation to the whole world to prove them unfounded."
32．Why does the author raise the two questions in paragraph 1
A．To add some fun. B．To express doubts.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To provide background.
33．What can we learn about today's scientific description of the world
A．It can be timeless.
B．It can be improved.
C．It is of little value.
D．It is the best at any moment.
34．What is the author's attitude toward folk treatment
A．Approving. B．Objective. C．Pessimistic. D．Sympathetic.
35．What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A．It is unwise to believe in science.
B．Too much uncertainty lies in science.
C．The foundation of science is unfounded.
D．The lack of certainty makes science credible.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．B
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了科学是一个不断修正现有理论和知识的过程。科学的每一个方面都可以被质疑，包括那些看起来最确定的思维规则。尽管科学不断变化，但为什么我们仍然相信它呢？因为在任何时刻，科学对于理解世界来说都是我们最好的工具。科学之所以可靠，并不是因为它的确定性，而是因为它完全没有确定性。现代科学之所以强大，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经拥有终极真理。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing？If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be，why should we take seriously today's scientific description of the world？"那么，如果科学总是在变化，为什么它是值得信赖的呢？如果明天我们看到的世界不再像牛顿或爱因斯坦发现的那样，我们为什么要认真对待今天对世界的科学描述呢？；以及下文论述可推知，作者在第一段中提出了两个问题是为了引出文章话题。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The answer is simple：Because at any given moment of our history，this description of the world is the best we have.The fact that it can be made better can't diminish （降低） the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world."答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实。可知，今天对世界的科学描述还可以改进。故选B。
34．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In fact，quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments，and we are still not sure how they work.This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective.To the contrary，many of them are not."事实上，今天使用的许多常用药物都起源于民间治疗，我们仍然不确定它们是如何起作用的。这并不意味着民间疗法通常是有效的。相反，许多民间疗法并非如此。可知，作者既陈述了民间治疗的优点，又提到了不足。可推知，作者对民间治疗持客观态度。故选B。
35．考查段落大意。根据第四段中的"What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth.The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty."现代科学之所以具有独特的力量，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经掌握了终极真理。科学的可靠性不是建立在确定的基础上，而是建立在完全不确定的基础上。可知，第四段主要论述了缺乏确定性使得科学可信。故选D。
四、第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of its important rules.　36． 　. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family一no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 　37． 　.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 　38． 　, preferring to use their hands instead. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
　39． 　. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining manners may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 　40． 　,the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with knives or forks
D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36．D；37．F；38．C；39．G；40．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了外出就餐需要了解的重要事项。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前" Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of its important rules. "文化用餐礼仪的一些重要规则可能会让你大吃一惊。可知此处说明在餐桌礼仪方面犯错误会很尴尬，说明用餐礼仪的重要性。 D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant "不要被发现在餐馆犯了一个令人尴尬的错误"，符合语境，故选D。
37．根据本段小标题" Chopstick Rules "筷子规则，可知此处介绍的是使用筷子的禁忌。 F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"不要把它们直立放在食物中，也不要在使用时交叉"，符合语境，故选F。
38．根据空前"In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. "在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。可知此处说的是和上文提到的印度和法国相并列的一些习惯， C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with knives or forks ".墨西哥人认为用刀叉吃饭是不合适的"符合语境，故选C。
39．根据本段小标题" Making Requests "提出请求，可知此处应用用餐的需求， G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal"吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的要求"符合语境，故选G。
40．根据空后" the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. "你会对它的外国文化实践感到越舒服。可知此处与下文构成"the more...,the more..."句式， B. The more time you spend in any given country"你在任何一个国家呆的时间都越多"符合语境，故选B。
五、语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. But now that her mother had found a new job in the city, Devi faced a new 41． —school field trips to the local pool.
The first time Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no 42． what she was in for. Devi 43． into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the 44． with her feet. But when Devi 45． the side of the pool, she sank under the water. Devi soon 46． the cement ledge ( 水
泥 平 台 ) to prevent herself drowning. Then, seized by 47． , she just sat on a bench, too embarrassed to try again.
When she came home, her mother 48． right away that Devi was upset. "Honey, I made a call to the local pool, and you start lessons this weekend." Devi felt 49． that lessons would help, but she had to 50． her fear.
51． , when the time came to take her first lesson, Devi was even more embarrassed than before. "I'm 13, and I'm taking lessons with all little kids! This is 52． !"
When she was standing there, her 53． came over and said, "Hi, Devi! I'm Angela. You know what, I didn't learn to swim until I was 20, and now I'm a swimming teacher!"
Angela's words put Devi 54． . She couldn't help but smile, realizing that she might never be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun 55． .
41．A． platform B． opportunity C． challenge D． project
42．A． idea B． hope C． view D． intention
43．A． dived B． sank C． leapt D． slipped
44．A． side B． bottom C． surface D． edge
45．A． took hold of B． let go of
C． got rid of D． caught sight of
46．A． grabbed B． obtained C． recalled D． fixed
47．A． puzzle B． delight C． horror D． regret
48．A． imagined B． concluded C． noticed D． declared
49．A． content B． grateful C． curious D． doubtful
50．A． hide B． overcome C． support D． convey
51．A． Still B． Therefore C． Otherwise D． Moreover
52．A． fantastic B． ridiculous C． tolerant D． accessible
53．A． parent B． friend C． partner D． instructor
54．A． at ease B． in trouble C． at risk D． in need
55．A． competing B． playing C． trying D． Winning
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．D；44．B；45．B；46．A；47．C；48．C；49．D；50．B；51．A；52．B；53．D；54．A；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了德维在学校到当地游泳池的实地考察的活动中，因为不会游泳产生了恐惧心理，最后在游泳教练的帮助下，她克服对游泳的恐惧大胆尝试的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：德维面临着一个新的挑战——学校到当地游泳池的实地考察。A.platform"平台"；B. opportunity "机会"；C.challenge"挑战"；D.project"项目"。根据空前"Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life."可知，德维人生中从没有上过游泳课，说明学校到当地游泳池的实地考察对她是一个挑战。故选C。
42．句意：德维第一次和她的同学一起去游泳池时，她不知道自己在做什么。A.idea"想法"；B.hope "希望"；C.view"观点"；D.intention"打算"。根据空前"The first time Devi went with her class to the pool"可知，德维第一次和她的同学一起去游泳池时，推断出她不知道做什么，have no idea固定短语，"不知道"，故选A。
43．句意：德维滑入水中，抓住池边，希望能够用脚触底。A.dived"跳水"；B.sank"下沉"；C.leapt "跳跃"；D.slipped"滑动"。根据空后"and held onto the side of the pool"可知，德维当时是边划入水中边抓住泳池的边缘。故选D。
44．句意：德维滑入水中，抓住池边，希望能够用脚触底。A.side"旁边"；B.bottom"底部"；C. surface "表面"；D.edge"边缘"。根据空后"with her feet"可知，德维想用脚触碰泳池底部。故选B。
45．句意：但当德维放开池边时，她沉入了水下。A.took hold of"握住"；B.let go of"放开"；C.got rid of"处理"；D.caught sight of"看见"。根据下文"Devi soon 6 the cement ledge （水泥平台） to prevent herself drowning."可知，德维很快抓住水泥平台以防溺水，推断出她之前沉入水下是因为放开了泳池旁边造成的。故选B。
46．句意：德维很快抓住水泥平台以防溺水。A.grabbed"抓住"；B.obtained"获得"；C.recalled"回忆"；D.fixed"安装"。根据空后文"the cement ledge"及常识可知，泳池里的水泥平台是游泳时用来抓握的，推断出她抓住了水泥平台以防溺水。故选A。
47．句意：然后，被恐惧所抓住，她坐在长椅上，尴尬到不想再试一次。A.puzzle"迷惑"；B.delight "高兴"；C.horror"恐惧"；D.regret"后悔"。根据下文"but she had to 10 her fear."可知，德维认为她必须要克服恐惧，说明她在第一次游泳时感到恐惧。故选C。
48．句意：当她回家时，她的母亲立刻注意到德维很沮丧。A.imagined"想象"；B.concluded"得出结论"；C.noticed"注意到"；D.wondered"想知道"。根据空后"that Devi was upset"可知，母亲注意到了德维的沮丧。故选C。
49．句意：德维怀疑这些课程是否有帮助，但她必须克服恐惧。A.content"满意的"；B.grateful"感激的"；C.curious"好奇的"；D.doubtful"怀疑的"。根据上文"Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. "可知，德维因为没有上过游泳课，推断出她怀疑游泳课是否有助于她克服恐惧。故选D。
50．句意：德维怀疑这些课程是否有帮助，但她必须克服恐惧。A.hide"隐藏"；B.overcome"克服"；C.support"支持"；D.convey"表达"。根据下文"when the time came to take her first lesson"可知，德维去上了她的第一节游泳课，说明她觉得自己需要去克服恐惧。故选B。
51．句意：尽管如此，当她上第一课的时候，德维比以前更尴尬了。A.Still"尽管如此"；B.Therefore "因此"；C.Otherwise"否则"；D.Moreover"此外"。根据上文"but she had to 10 her fear"和空后"when the time came to take her first lesson，Devi was even more embarrassed than before."可知，两句话之间是转折关系，应用still表示这种关系。故选A。
52．句意：这太可笑了！A.fantastic"极好的"；B.ridiculous"可笑的"；C.tolerant"容忍的"；D.accessible"可接近的"。根据上文"I'm 13，and I'm taking lessons with all little kids!"可知，德维觉得和小孩一起上课是一件可笑的事情。故选B。
53．句意：当她站在那里时，她的教练走过来说："嗨，德维！我是安吉拉。你知道吗，我直到20岁才学会游泳，现在我是一名游泳老师！"A.parent"父/母亲"；B.friend"朋友"；C.partner"伙伴"；D.instructor"教练"。根据下文"now I'm a swimming teacher"可知，安吉拉说她自己是一名游泳教师，说明她现在是德维的教练。故选D。
54．句意：安吉拉的话让德维放松了。A.at ease"放松"；B.in trouble"有麻烦"；C.at risk"有风险"；D.in need"有需要"。根据下文"She couldn't help but smile"可知，德维笑了说明她感到放松。故选A。
55．句意：她忍不住笑了，意识到自己可能永远都不是一个无所畏惧的游泳运动员，但她一定会很开心地尝试。A.competing"比赛"；B.playing"玩耍"；C.trying"尝试"；D.winning"获胜"。根据上文"she just sat on a bench，too embarrassed to try again"可知，德维第一次游泳失败了，使她不敢继续尝试，推断出教练的话让她认为她一定会很开心地尝试，故选C。
六、第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·汕尾月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 　56． 　 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 　57． 　(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 　58． 　(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 　59． 　 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 　60． 　 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 　61． 　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of 　62． 　(visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 　63． 　(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 　64． 　(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 　65． 　(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】56．educated；57．development；58．its；59．until；60．the；61．of；62．visiting；63．financial；64．Activities；65．to have
【知识点】语法填空；旅游观光类；环境保护类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，名词，代词，介词，冠词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。become educated about固定短语，"对……有所了解"。故填educated。
57．句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词development，表示"发展"，作动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
58．句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意，此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示"它的"，故填its。
59．句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示"直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受"，应用短语not…until…，表示"直到……才……"，故填until。
60．句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
61．句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 固定短语，"各种各样的"，故填of。
62．句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
63．句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid，应用形容词形式作定语，financial是形容词，表示"财政的"故填financial。
64．句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。空处应用名词作主语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。
65．句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do固定短语，表示"旨在，目的是"，故填to have。
七、书面表达（共三节;满分 40 分）第一节 课内句子翻译（满分 5 分）
66．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）那时，时钟敲响了八下。Then the clock　 　(strike) eight.
【答案】略
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 Then ，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
67．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬正站在那里。As she turned around, there　 　(stand) Gladys Claffern.
【答案】略
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语从句 As she turned around ，可知应用一般过去时，故填stood。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
68．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。
So　 　as I travelled　 　maximum　 　, it didn't matter.
【答案】long；at；speed
【知识点】固定短语；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分"只要"，应用固定短语so long as，引导条件状语从句，因此第一空填long；" 以......的速度 "，应用固定短语at... speed，因此第二空和第三空填at；speed。故答案为：long；at；speed。
【点评】考查条件状语从句和固定短语，掌握so long as和at... speed。
69．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）泰国是著名的旅游目的地，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。Thailand is a premier holiday destination,　 　(attract) tourists from all over the world.
【答案】略
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】 Thailand 和 attract 在逻辑上是主主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作状语，故填
attracting。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
70．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为"down under"。
72 (locate) to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally (refer) "down under".
【答案】略；略；略
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般现在时；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】"位于赤道以南"作状语，be located to固定短语，"位于"，locate和主语it是被动关系，故应用过去分词located，因此第1空填Located；第2.3空意为"被称为"，表达为be referred to as...，故填referred，to as，句首单词首字母大写。故填：Located，referred，to as。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，时态和固定短语，本题涉及过去分词作状语，一般现在时的被动语态以及固定短语be referred to as...。
八、第二节（满分 15 分）
71．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）你校将以世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 　 　
【答案】June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.It is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans which are vital to human beings.Covering about 71% of the Earth's surface, the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the climate. In addition, the oceans produce over half of the world's oxygen and are home to a large variety of sea life.Therefore, it is our responsibility to protect them for our future generations. As students, we can take part in it by doing small things, such as collecting garbage on the shore or avoiding pouring waste water into the oceans. Besides, we can call on people around us to take action. By working together, we can protect and restore our precious oceans.Every little effort counts. As long as we try our best, we will make a difference to the oceans.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 你校将以世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans which are vital to human beings.运用了限制性定语从句；Covering about 71% of the Earth's surface, the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the climate. 运用了现在分词作状语；Therefore, it is our responsibility to protect them for our future generations. 运用了it作形式主语；As long as we try our best, we will make a difference to the oceans.运用了条件状语从句。
九、第三节 （满分 20 分）
72．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
This past summer, I joined my sister's family for their annual Adirondack vacation in a rented cottage on a lake, the same place my family has stayed since I was a little kid. There are plenty of activities to keep everyone busy: swimming, fishing and sand castle building on the beach.
By the third day, I had noticed that my ten-year-old niece, Jannie, had spent most of her time watching cable TV and browsing through the gift shops in town. Not exactly the wilderness experience I remembered from my youth. So, at dinner, I told Jannie we should hike to the top of the mountain across the lake the following morning, which was called Rocky Point because the peak is bare and rock-covered.
"Well." replied Jannie, "Tomorrow there are some shows on the Disney Channel, so I'm going to be pretty busy." "When your mother and I used to come here when we were your age, we were too busy swimming and hiking up
mountains."
"Sounds more like punishment than a vacation." She shrugged her shoulders. "Besides, I don't think I can walk that far."
When I said it only took a half-hour of steady walking to get to the top. She grumbled(抱怨;嘟囔), "Fine, I'll go."
I knew she was agreeing just to shut me up, but I would take anything I could get.
The next morning was a perfect day for a hike, with sunshine and clear skies. I got up early and took some sandwiches and water bottles, which I tucked into my backpack along with the bug spray(驱虫剂) and the camera.
Jannie came shuffling( 坐立不安) downstairs, sighed dramatically, rolled her eyes and announced in a very unenthusiastic, robot-like voice. "I'm ready to go hiking, Uncle David." Anyway, we climbed into my car and drove to the trailhead(小道起点) about ten minutes away. As we stood at the edge of the parking lot and caught sight of the shaded trail that led into the woods, Jannie said, "I am still not sure this is a good idea, but if you and Mom could do it, I can too, I guess."
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph l: For the moment she was determined to start our journey.
Paragraph 2: A while later we did it to the top.
【答案】For the moment she was determined to start our journey. About 200 yards into the forest, the trail began to climb a steep slope. I pointed out some rarely-seen trees and flowering plants, which I explained were endangered species. She didn't share my enthusiasm. She was thirsty, tired, sweaty and bored. I handed her the water bottle as she sat on a fallen log and took a break. "You know, I think we're almost to the top," I told her. "You already said that three times, and we're not there yet." she replied. She grumbled another complain as we continued on. She might not have been happy, but at least I was proud that she had the determination not to quit before we reached the top.
A while later we did make it to the top. Jannie looked up, noticing we were no longer under the trees. When she stopped, looked around and saw where we were, her jaw dropped, her eyes opened wide and she shouted: "Oh, I don't believe it. We're on top of the world. It's awesome!" A refreshing breeze brushed the mountaintop, not a cloud was in the sky and miles and miles of trees and lakes spread out below us. We sat on a large rock and took it in the view, while eating our sandwiches and pointing out islands and roads and, of course, the cottage where we were staying. It had taken us almost an hour to make the climb, but it was worth it.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者鼓励带动10岁的甥女一起爬山，开始的时候外甥女有些不情愿，但当到达山顶时，一览众山小，有了成功的喜悦。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"她一时决定开始我们的旅行。"可知，第一段可描写甥女叫苦叫累的抱怨和作者的鼓励和帮助。②由第二段首句内容"过了一会儿，我们爬到了山顶。"可知，第二段可描写作者和甥女到达山顶后，一览众山小，成功的喜悦。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I pointed out some rarely-seen trees and flowering plants, which I explained were endangered species. 运用了非限制性定语从句；I handed her the water bottle as she sat on a fallen log and took a break. 运用了时间状语从句；I think we're almost to the top运用了宾语从句；You already said that three times, and we're not there yet.运用了并列句；She grumbled another complain as we continued on. 运用了时间状语从句；She might not have been happy, but at least I was proud that she had the determination not to quit before we reached the top.运用了转折并列句，宾语从句； Jannie looked up, noticing we were no longer under the trees. 运用了现在粉刺作状语，宾语从句；When she stopped, looked around and saw where we were, her jaw dropped, her eyes opened wide and she shouted: "Oh, I don't believe it. We're on top of the world. It's awesome!" 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句； We sat on a large rock and took it in the view, while eating our sandwiches and pointing out islands and roads and, of course, the cottage where we were staying. 运用了时间状语从句的省略，限制性定语从句；It had taken us almost an hour to make the climb, but it was worth it.运用了转折并列句。
1 / 1福建省厦门市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What does Leon want to do this term
A．Make money. B．Earn more credits. C．Get experience.
2．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What is Maggie probably doing now
A．Eating eggs. B．Doing the laundry. C．Cooking breakfast.
3．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What will the woman keep
A．A cat. B．A dog. C．A turtle.
4．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）How does the man sound in the end
A．Annoyed. B．Excited. C．Confident.
5．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Neighbors.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Grandfather and granddaughter.
二、第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who is the woman
A．A shop assistant. B．The man's wife. C．A cashier.
7．What is the man going to do with the blouse
A．Return it. B．Pay for it. C．Exchange it.
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a museum.
B．At a parking lot.
C．At a bus station.
9．How long does it take the woman to the park by taxi
A．20 minutes. B．25 minutes. C．30 minutes.
10．What advice does the man give to the woman
A．Taking a bus.
B．Taking a taxi.
C．Walking to the park.
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Why does Eric quit
A．He wants to work close to his parents.
B．He doesn't get enough paid holidays.
C．He finds a new job with a higher salary.
12．In which country does Eric work
A．China. B．Finland. C．TheU.S.
13．What does Ms. Thomas think of Eric's job performance
A．It's poor. B．It's ordinary. C．It's great.
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What is Tina's weakest part of learning English
A．Speaking. B．Writing. C．Reading.
15．What matters most in learning a language according to Colin
A．Being patient.
B．Making friends with foreigners.
C．Living in an English-speaking country.
16．What does Colin suggest Tina do
A．Get up earlier to learn.
B．Read newspapers every day.
C．Practice English every morning.
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What is the biggest difference between weak AI and strong AI
A．Cost. B．Service time. C．Human involvement.
18．Which of the following belongs to strong AI
A．Apple's Siri.
B．A self-driving car.
C．AlphaGo.
19．What is many experts' attitude toward the future of AI
A．Supportive. B．Uncertain. C．Depressed.
20．What will be discussed about AI next
A．The problem to deal with.
B．An example of weak AI.
C．The benefit of it.
三、阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Central Park
Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York.
Let's have a look at its main sights.
Central Park is New York's largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.
Besides being the city's primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).
On Foot or by Bicycle
To get to know some of the wildest parts of Central Park we suggest walking. However, to get a general feel for the whole park, the best thing to do is hire a bicycle and enjoy the scenery.
If you decide to hire a bike, you will find lots of bike rental stores around Central Park that are not very expensive.
Open Time
From 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on weekends. From 6 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. on weekdays.
Price
Entry to the Park is free. But if you visit some parts like Central Park Zoo, you need to buy a ticket.
Transport
Subway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D. Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.
Nearby places
Metropolitan Museum of Art (447 m) Guggenheim Museum (564 m)
American Museum of Natural History (688 m) Whitney Museum of American Art (1 km) The Frick Collection (1.3 km)
21．What can we learn about the Central Park from the text
A．It is home to lakes and waterfalls.
B．It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.
C．It is the largest city park in the world.
D．It is the most famous symbol of New York.
22．Which one of the following things is free
A．Hiring a bicycle.
B．Entrance to Central Park.
C．Visiting Central Park Zoo.
D．Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
23．Where can we find this text
A．In a science report. B．In a geography book.
C．In a fashion magazine. D．In a travel guide.
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days—both of them, at all hours of the day and night.
"Having a baby unexpectedly at 41 is one thing; having twins is a whole other beast," says the global entertainment editor.
Actually, until her pregnancy Quarles had been living at breakneck speed. It went so until last year. "I was exhausted," she says. "I'd been working three jobs, doing my charity and going nonstop. I was afraid my mental health was getting worse." In early August she took herself to the hospital, to see if she was OK. Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack, and she was 11 weeks pregnant.
"She was stressed and decompensated （代谢失调的）, so everything just came to more than she could handle at
the time," explains doctor Miriam Barnes, who began treating her. "Fortunately, she tried to be positive and seek help from me immediately. I told her not to have any medication at that stage and advised her to take natural therapy （ 疗法）."
A week later Quarles learned that she was having twins. But instead of that news adding to her anxiety, "a total peace came over me, and it felt like it all made sense, " she says. Quarles, who did not take any medication, returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina, where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb. 16. "There's nothing like family," she says. "I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with. I just kept going."
These days Quarles uses social media to document her joyful motherhood journey. Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy—and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help. "At first I felt guilty and embarrassed, " she admits. "I don't anymore. My message is you can fall down. But you can stand up, by yourself or with the help of others. It's not a shame, and it's a blessing."
24．Which of the following best explains "breakneck" underlined in paragraph 2
A．Safe and slow. B．Fast and dangerous.
C．Exciting and terrifying. D．Gentle and comfortable.
25．Why did Quarles return to North Carolina
A．To give birth and make some friends.
B．To have a break and treat her anxiety.
C．To take natural therapy and stay alone.
D．To look after her family and visit a doctor.
26．What does Quarles suggest people under pressure do
A．Keep standing up.
B．Fall down if needed.
C．Face whatever comes.
D．Obtain assistance when necessary.
27．What is a suitable title for the text
A．An Anxious 41-year-old Mother
B．A Mother's Astonishing Experience
C．An Interesting Taste of Motherhood
D．A Mother Fighting Her Mental Breakdown
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解As we all know, insects can be remarkably agile (灵活的) in flight. This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects' agility.
Typically, drones require wide open spaces. "If we look at most drones today, they're usually quite big," says Chen. "Most of their applications involve flying outdoors. The question is: Can you create an insect-sized drone that can move around in very crowded and complex spaces "
According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, "For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives." The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator ( 执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.
Each actuator can beat nearly 500 times per second and weighs just 0.6 gram, approximately the mass of a large bee. It gives the drone insect-like agility. "You can hit it when it's flying, and it can recover," says Chen. "It can also turn over in the air." The drone looks a bit like a tiny cassette tape with wings, though Chen is also working on a new one shaped like a dragonfly.
Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster. "All those things can be very difficult for existing large-scale drones," Chen explains.
28．What can we know about the actuator designed by Chen
A．It weighs about six grams.
B．It drives the insect-sized drone.
C．It loses efficiency too much.
D．It employs conventional materials.
29．Which word can best describe Chen's work
A．Easy. B．Costly. C．Fruitless. D．Challenging.
30．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new drone
A．Its safety standards. B．Its flying range.
C．Its possible applications. D．Its design principle.
31．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．An Insect-like Small Drone
B．The Future of Insect-sized Drones
C．How Drones Will Change the Agriculture
D．What Challenge Drone Development Faces
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读理解Science is a process that builds upon existing theories and knowledge by continuously revising them. Every aspect of scientific knowledge can be questioned, including the general rules of thinking that appear to be most certain. So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be, why should we take seriously today's scientific description of the world
The answer is simple: Because at any given moment of our history, this description of the world is the best we have. The fact that it can be made better can't diminish（降低） the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
Consider a folk healer's herbal medicine. Can we say this treatment is "scientific" Yes, if it is proven to be effective, even if we have no idea why it works. In fact, quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments, and we are still not sure how they work. This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective. To the contrary, many of them are not. What distinguishes scientific medicine is the readiness to seriously test a treatment and to be ready to change our minds if something is shown not to work. A research doctor in a modern hospital must be ready to change his theory if a more effective way of understanding illness, or treating it, becomes available.
What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth. The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty. As John Stuart Mill wrote in "On Liberty" in 1859, "The beliefs which we have most warrant （依据） for, have no safeguard to rest on, but a standing invitation to the whole world to prove them unfounded."
32．Why does the author raise the two questions in paragraph 1
A．To add some fun. B．To express doubts.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To provide background.
33．What can we learn about today's scientific description of the world
A．It can be timeless.
B．It can be improved.
C．It is of little value.
D．It is the best at any moment.
34．What is the author's attitude toward folk treatment
A．Approving. B．Objective. C．Pessimistic. D．Sympathetic.
35．What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A．It is unwise to believe in science.
B．Too much uncertainty lies in science.
C．The foundation of science is unfounded.
D．The lack of certainty makes science credible.
四、第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of its important rules.　36． 　. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family一no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 　37． 　.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 　38． 　, preferring to use their hands instead. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
　39． 　. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining manners may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 　40． 　,the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with knives or forks
D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
五、语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. But now that her mother had found a new job in the city, Devi faced a new 41． —school field trips to the local pool.
The first time Devi went with her class to the pool, she had no 42． what she was in for. Devi 43． into the water and held onto the side of the pool, expecting to be able to touch the 44． with her feet. But when Devi 45． the side of the pool, she sank under the water. Devi soon 46． the cement ledge ( 水
泥 平 台 ) to prevent herself drowning. Then, seized by 47． , she just sat on a bench, too embarrassed to try again.
When she came home, her mother 48． right away that Devi was upset. "Honey, I made a call to the local pool, and you start lessons this weekend." Devi felt 49． that lessons would help, but she had to 50． her fear.
51． , when the time came to take her first lesson, Devi was even more embarrassed than before. "I'm 13, and I'm taking lessons with all little kids! This is 52． !"
When she was standing there, her 53． came over and said, "Hi, Devi! I'm Angela. You know what, I didn't learn to swim until I was 20, and now I'm a swimming teacher!"
Angela's words put Devi 54． . She couldn't help but smile, realizing that she might never be a fearless swimmer, but she would sure have fun 55． .
41．A． platform B． opportunity C． challenge D． project
42．A． idea B． hope C． view D． intention
43．A． dived B． sank C． leapt D． slipped
44．A． side B． bottom C． surface D． edge
45．A． took hold of B． let go of
C． got rid of D． caught sight of
46．A． grabbed B． obtained C． recalled D． fixed
47．A． puzzle B． delight C． horror D． regret
48．A． imagined B． concluded C． noticed D． declared
49．A． content B． grateful C． curious D． doubtful
50．A． hide B． overcome C． support D． convey
51．A． Still B． Therefore C． Otherwise D． Moreover
52．A． fantastic B． ridiculous C． tolerant D． accessible
53．A． parent B． friend C． partner D． instructor
54．A． at ease B． in trouble C． at risk D． in need
55．A． competing B． playing C． trying D． Winning
六、第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（2023高二下·汕尾月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 　56． 　 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 　57． 　(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 　58． 　(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 　59． 　 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 　60． 　 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 　61． 　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of 　62． 　(visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 　63． 　(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 　64． 　(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 　65． 　(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
七、书面表达（共三节;满分 40 分）第一节 课内句子翻译（满分 5 分）
66．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）那时，时钟敲响了八下。Then the clock　 　(strike) eight.
67．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬正站在那里。As she turned around, there　 　(stand) Gladys Claffern.
68．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。
So　 　as I travelled　 　maximum　 　, it didn't matter.
69．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）泰国是著名的旅游目的地，吸引着来自世界各地的游客。Thailand is a premier holiday destination,　 　(attract) tourists from all over the world.
70．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为"down under"。
72 (locate) to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally (refer) "down under".
八、第二节（满分 15 分）
71．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）你校将以世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 　 　
九、第三节 （满分 20 分）
72．（2023高三上·厦门开学考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
This past summer, I joined my sister's family for their annual Adirondack vacation in a rented cottage on a lake, the same place my family has stayed since I was a little kid. There are plenty of activities to keep everyone busy: swimming, fishing and sand castle building on the beach.
By the third day, I had noticed that my ten-year-old niece, Jannie, had spent most of her time watching cable TV and browsing through the gift shops in town. Not exactly the wilderness experience I remembered from my youth. So, at dinner, I told Jannie we should hike to the top of the mountain across the lake the following morning, which was called Rocky Point because the peak is bare and rock-covered.
"Well." replied Jannie, "Tomorrow there are some shows on the Disney Channel, so I'm going to be pretty busy." "When your mother and I used to come here when we were your age, we were too busy swimming and hiking up
mountains."
"Sounds more like punishment than a vacation." She shrugged her shoulders. "Besides, I don't think I can walk that far."
When I said it only took a half-hour of steady walking to get to the top. She grumbled(抱怨;嘟囔), "Fine, I'll go."
I knew she was agreeing just to shut me up, but I would take anything I could get.
The next morning was a perfect day for a hike, with sunshine and clear skies. I got up early and took some sandwiches and water bottles, which I tucked into my backpack along with the bug spray(驱虫剂) and the camera.
Jannie came shuffling( 坐立不安) downstairs, sighed dramatically, rolled her eyes and announced in a very unenthusiastic, robot-like voice. "I'm ready to go hiking, Uncle David." Anyway, we climbed into my car and drove to the trailhead(小道起点) about ten minutes away. As we stood at the edge of the parking lot and caught sight of the shaded trail that led into the woods, Jannie said, "I am still not sure this is a good idea, but if you and Mom could do it, I can too, I guess."
注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph l: For the moment she was determined to start our journey.
Paragraph 2: A while later we did it to the top.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Congratulations, Leon! You're chosen as a host in our school's broadcasting station. Will you be paid each month
M: No, but I can get two credits this term. In fact, I want to gain some practical experience from it.
【分析】问题： Leon 这个学期想做什么？根据"but I can get two credits this term. In fact, I want to gain some practical experience from it."但是这学期我可以拿到两个学分。事实上，我想从中获得一些实践经验。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hey, Maggie. Eggs are still in the frying pan. They're going to be burnt.
W: Oops, I totally forgot that. Can you turn off the gas I'm busy with these dirty clothes.
【分析】问题： Maggie 现在可能在做什么？根据"I'm busy with these dirty clothes."我正忙于这些脏衣服，可推知她在洗衣服，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I'm thinking of getting a special pet, not a dog or a cat. They're so common.
M: How about a turtle It's quiet and easy to keep.
W:OK, I'll feed one.
【分析】问题：女士会养什么？根据"How about a turtle It's quiet and easy to keep."一只乌龟怎么样？它很安静，很容易饲养；以及"OK, I'll feed one."好的，我喂一只。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: That phone ringing all the time is driving me mad! There must be something wrong.
W: Let me check it. Believe me. Okay, it's fixed. Here you are.
M: Bravo! You're such an expert!
【分析】问题：男士最后听起来怎么样？根据" Bravo! You're such an expert!"太棒了！你真是个专家！可知他很激动，故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: It's the first time I've visited our next door. Honey, you know what I'm shocked by the old furniture in Sophie's room. She tells me her grandpa gave it to her.
M: Really It could be worth a fortune. We should also leave something to our future grandchildren.
【分析】问题：谈话人之间可能存在什么关系？根据"It's the first time I've visited our next door. Honey, you know what I'm shocked by the old furniture in Sophie's room. She tells me her grandpa gave it to her."这是我第一次参观我们的隔壁。亲爱的，你知道吗？索菲房间里的旧家具让我大吃一惊。她告诉我是爷爷给她的；以及"Really It could be worth a fortune. We should also leave something to our future grandchildren."真正地它可能值一大笔钱。我们也应该给我们未来的孙辈留下一些东西。可推知他们是夫妻，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: If this blouse doesn't fit my wife, may I return it
W: Certainly. You'll receive a full refund within 7 days if it's not damaged by human error. And you must show your receipt.
M: Oh, I see. But what if I just want to get it exchanged
W: You may change it for the goods at the same or a lower price within 14 days.
M: Okay, I'll take it. Can I pay it by credit card
W: I guess it's OK. But you should make it clear to the cashier.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：女士是谁？根据"If this blouse doesn't fit my wife, may I return it "如果这件上衣不合身，我可以退货吗？；以及" Certainly. You'll receive a full refund within 7 days if it's not damaged by human error. And you must show your receipt."当然如果不是人为错误损坏，您将在7天内收到全额退款。你必须出示收据。可知她是一名店员，故选A。
7．问题：男士打算怎么处理这件衬衫？根据" I'll take it. Can I pay it by credit card "我买了。我可以用信用卡付款吗？故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me, sir. Which bus should I take if I go to Central Park
M: The No. 3 is heading in that direction. But you'll wait at least 20 minutes for it in the rush hour.
W: That's too long. I think I'd call a taxi.
M: Maybe it's not a good idea, either. Taking a taxi is not worth it. It'll take you 25 minutes there. There seems to be a traffic jam. Why not walk to the park You can go straight from the opposite museum, and when you see a large parking lot, you're almost there. That'll take nearly 30 minutes.
W: You're right. Although a 30-minute walk is tiring, it's the best option for now.
M: Exactly.
W: Thank you very much.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：谈话可能发生在哪里？根据对话内容可推知，他们可能在公交站，故选C。
9．问题：女士乘出租车去公园要多长时间？根据"Taking a taxi is not worth it. It'll take you 25 minutes there"打车不值得。到那里要花25分钟故选B。
10．问题：男士给女士什么建议？根据"Why not walk to the park You can go straight from the opposite museum, and when you see a large parking lot, you're almost there. That'll take nearly 30 minutes."为什么不步行去公园呢？你可以从对面的博物馆直接走，当你看到一个大停车场时，你就快到了。这需要将近30分钟。故选C。
【答案】11．A
12．A
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Good morning, Ms. Thomas. Can I have a talk with you
W: Yes, Eric. Come in please.
M: I've made a tough decision. I have to give up my job now.
W: It comes as a bit of surprise. Why do you want to leave
M: My parents live in Finland. You know it's far away. They hope I'll work there and spend more time with them. It takes me about 10 hours to fly from Shanghai to Finland each time.
W: But you can visit them more often during the holidays. What about I permit you 10 more days off each year Or I can help you apply for a pay rise. Plus, you'll get a golden handshake if you can work in our American branch for at least 5 years. Do you want to go there I truly appreciate your work.
M: Thank you, Ms. Thomas. But I've already made up my mind.
W: Well, I feel sorry about it.
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
11．问题： Eric 为什么辞职？根据"My parents live in Finland. You know it's far away. They hope I'll work there and spend more time with them. "我父母住在芬兰。你知道它很遥远。他们希望我在那里工作，花更多的时间和他们在一起。故选A。
12．问题： Eric 在哪个国家工作？根据" It takes me about 10 hours to fly from Shanghai to Finland each time."我每次从上海飞到芬兰大约需要10个小时。可推知他在上海工作，故选A。
13．问题： Thomas 女士认为 Eric 的工作表现如何？根据"I truly appreciate your work."我真的很欣赏你的工作。可知Thomas 女士认为 Eric 的工作表现很棒，故选C。
【答案】14．A
15．A
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Colin, you got the highest score on the English exam again. How I envy you!
M: You did make progress this time, especially in reading and writing parts.
W: But I'm still dissatisfied with my spoken English. It's my biggest problem.
M: Cheer up, Tina. Let me help you find the right way to learn English. When you're studying a language, the keyword is patience. It's of the greatest importance, because nobody can master a language all at once.
W: Oh, yeah. But what am I supposed to do Find some foreign friends or go abroad to learn it
M: Not exactly. You can just make full use of every morning to practice English.
W: Should I get up earlier every day
M: You don't have to do so. Actually, there are indeed many chances in the morning that you can grasp to learn English. For example, you can listen to English news while you are dressing and washing. At the same time, you can imitate and speak English loudly. You need to take every opportunity to learn.
W: Practice makes perfect, right
M: You said it.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
14．问题： Tina 学习英语最薄弱的部分是什么？根据"But I'm still dissatisfied with my spoken English. It's my biggest problem."但是我仍然对我的英语口语不满意。这是我最大的问题。故选A。
15．问题： Colin 认为，学习一门语言最重要的是什么？根据"When you're studying a language, the keyword is patience."当你在学习一门语言时，关键词是耐心。故选A。
16．问题： Colin 建议 Tina 做什么？根据"You can just make full use of every morning to practice English. "你可以充分利用每天早上的时间来练习英语。故选C。
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．A
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】:] A new era of AI (artificial itelligence) is coming. AI has made its way into a variety of industries, which benefits both businesses and consumers. More and more companies have used it in their products, such as AlphaGo, self-driving, facial recognition, online assistants and so on. Generally, there are two types ofAI: weak AI and strong AL. Weak AI is an AI system that is designed and trained to complete a specific task. For example, Apple's Siri can answer people's simple questions and obey a programmed order. But it can't work without humans. Strong AI differs from weak AI in this part most. Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans, such as the self-driving car It can control a vehicle without human involvement, and avoid unexpected obstacles, such as passersby. As a whole, AI can make human life easy and convenient, and many experts believe the future of AI is bright. But it is expensive and requires complex systems to operate. There are still many problems to solve, such as ...
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：弱人工智能和强人工智能最大的区别是什么？根据"But it can't work without humans. Strong AI differs from weak AI in this part most. Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans"但没有人类，它就无法工作。强人工智能与弱人工智能在这一部分的区别最大。强人工智能可以在没有人类的情况下解决问题并找到解决方案，故选C。
18．问题：以下哪一项属于强人工智能？根据". Strong AI can solve problems and find solutions without humans, such as the self-driving car It can control a vehicle without human involvement"强人工智能可以在没有人类的情况下解决问题并找到解决方案，例如自动驾驶汽车。它可以在没有人参与的情况下控制车辆，故选B。
19．问题：许多专家对人工智能的未来持什么态度？根据"and many experts believe the future of AI is bright. "许多专家认为人工智能的未来是光明的。故选B。
20．问题：接下来将讨论人工智能的哪些内容？根据"There are still many problems to solve, such as ..."还有许多问题需要解决，例如......，可推知接下来将会讨论要解决的问题，故选A。
【答案】21．B
22．B
23．D
【知识点】推理判断题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格和其附近的地点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"It is perfect for sunbathing，going for walks，or doing any outdoor sports."它非常适合做日光浴、散步或任何户外运动。可知中央公园最适合户外运动。故选B。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Price 部分中的"Entry to the Park is free."进入公园是免费的，可知，中央公园的门票是免费的。故选B。
23．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了纽约的中央公园和其相关的细节，所以可以得出其来自旅行指南。故选D。
【答案】24．B
25．B
26．D
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚 夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅。夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查词义猜测。根据第一段"Alicia Quarles has her hands full these days — both of them，at all hours of the day and night."这些天艾丽西亚 夸尔斯忙得不可开交——无论是白天还是晚上；以及第三段中的"‘I was exhausted，'she says.‘I'd been working three jobs，doing my charity and going nonstop.I was afraid my mental health was getting worse.'""我筋疲力尽，"她说。"我一直在做三份工作，做慈善，不停地工作。我担心我的心理健康状况会越来越差。"可知，夸尔斯工作繁忙，生活速度非常快，以至于筋疲力尽。可推知，划线词breakneck与Fast and dangerous"快速危险"意思接近。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Quarles，who did not take any medication，returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina，where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb.16. ‘There's nothing like family，' she says. ‘I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with.I just kept going.'"2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。"没有什么比家人更好的了，"她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。"可推知，夸尔斯回到北卡罗来纳休息一下，治疗她的焦虑。因此B。
26．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help."夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。可知，夸尔斯建议有压力的人在必要时寻求帮助。故选D。
27．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的"Doctors ran multiple tests and told her that she had had an anxiety attack，and she was 11 weeks pregnant."医生给她做了多次检查，告诉她这是焦虑症发作，而且她已经怀孕11周了；第五段中的"Quarles，who did not take any medication，returned home to her loved ones in North Carolina，where she gave birth to Hudson and Harlow on Feb.16.‘There's nothing like family，' she says‘"I found out through working on myself in natural therapy that there were a lot of things I hadn't dealt with.I just kept going.'"2月16日，她回到她在北卡罗来纳州的亲人身边，生下了哈德森和哈洛。"没有什么比家人更好的了，"她说。我发现，通过自然疗法对自己进行治疗，有很多事情我没有处理过。我只是继续前进。"；以及最后一段中的"Quarles has put her anxiety behind but remains in therapy — and wants to encourage others who feel stressed to get help."夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，但仍在接受治疗，她想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。可知，文章讲述了41岁的艾丽西亚 夸尔斯由于压力太大，患上焦虑症，后来得知自己怀了双胞胎，于是夸尔斯开始用社交媒体记录她快乐的母亲之旅，夸尔斯已经把焦虑抛在脑后，并想鼓励其他感到压力的人去寻求帮助。"一位与精神崩溃作斗争的母亲"适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．C
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授 Chen 研发出一款像昆虫一样的无人机。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says,‘For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.'The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator ( 执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones."大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。因此，Chen说："对于昆虫大小的无人机，你需要寻找替代品。"到目前为止，主要的替代方案是使用一种由新材料制成的小型刚性执行器。Chen设计了一种更灵活的微型无人机，使用软驱动器而不是硬驱动器。可知，关于Chen设计的执行器，我们知道它驱动昆虫大小的无人机。故选B。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段"According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. "据Chen说，他在制造无人机时克服了许多问题。昆虫大小的无人机与大型无人机的结构完全不同。大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。可推断，Chen的研发工作很有挑战性。故选D。
30．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的"Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster."Chen说他的无人机在工业和农业上都很有用。它可以进行机械检查，以确保安全和功能。它的潜在应用包括完成灾难后的搜索和救援任务。可知，最后一段主要介绍了"昆虫无人机"的预期应用情况。故选C。
31．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的" This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects' agility."这真的很难植入飞行机器人中，但麻省理工学院助理教授KevinYufengChen已经开发出一种昆虫大小的无人机，接近昆虫的敏捷性。可知，本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样的小型无人机。"一种类似昆虫的小型无人机"适合做文章的标题，故选A。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．B
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了科学是一个不断修正现有理论和知识的过程。科学的每一个方面都可以被质疑，包括那些看起来最确定的思维规则。尽管科学不断变化，但为什么我们仍然相信它呢？因为在任何时刻，科学对于理解世界来说都是我们最好的工具。科学之所以可靠，并不是因为它的确定性，而是因为它完全没有确定性。现代科学之所以强大，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经拥有终极真理。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"So why is science trustworthy if it is always changing？If tomorrow we will no longer see the world as Newton or Einstein found it to be，why should we take seriously today's scientific description of the world？"那么，如果科学总是在变化，为什么它是值得信赖的呢？如果明天我们看到的世界不再像牛顿或爱因斯坦发现的那样，我们为什么要认真对待今天对世界的科学描述呢？；以及下文论述可推知，作者在第一段中提出了两个问题是为了引出文章话题。故选C。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段"The answer is simple：Because at any given moment of our history，this description of the world is the best we have.The fact that it can be made better can't diminish （降低） the fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world."答案很简单：因为在我们历史的任何时刻，这种对世界的描述都是我们拥有的最好的描述。它可以变得更好这一事实不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具这一事实。可知，今天对世界的科学描述还可以改进。故选B。
34．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In fact，quite a few common medications used today have their origin in folk treatments，and we are still not sure how they work.This does not imply that folk treatments are generally effective.To the contrary，many of them are not."事实上，今天使用的许多常用药物都起源于民间治疗，我们仍然不确定它们是如何起作用的。这并不意味着民间疗法通常是有效的。相反，许多民间疗法并非如此。可知，作者既陈述了民间治疗的优点，又提到了不足。可推知，作者对民间治疗持客观态度。故选B。
35．考查段落大意。根据第四段中的"What makes modern science uniquely powerful is its refusal to believe that it already possesses ultimate truth.The reliability of science is based not on certainty but on a complete absence of certainty."现代科学之所以具有独特的力量，是因为它拒绝相信自己已经掌握了终极真理。科学的可靠性不是建立在确定的基础上，而是建立在完全不确定的基础上。可知，第四段主要论述了缺乏确定性使得科学可信。故选D。
【答案】36．D；37．F；38．C；39．G；40．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；旅游观光类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了外出就餐需要了解的重要事项。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前" Cultural dining manners might surprise you with some of its important rules. "文化用餐礼仪的一些重要规则可能会让你大吃一惊。可知此处说明在餐桌礼仪方面犯错误会很尴尬，说明用餐礼仪的重要性。 D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant "不要被发现在餐馆犯了一个令人尴尬的错误"，符合语境，故选D。
37．根据本段小标题" Chopstick Rules "筷子规则，可知此处介绍的是使用筷子的禁忌。 F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"不要把它们直立放在食物中，也不要在使用时交叉"，符合语境，故选F。
38．根据空前"In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. "在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。可知此处说的是和上文提到的印度和法国相并列的一些习惯， C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with knives or forks ".墨西哥人认为用刀叉吃饭是不合适的"符合语境，故选C。
39．根据本段小标题" Making Requests "提出请求，可知此处应用用餐的需求， G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal"吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的要求"符合语境，故选G。
40．根据空后" the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. "你会对它的外国文化实践感到越舒服。可知此处与下文构成"the more...,the more..."句式， B. The more time you spend in any given country"你在任何一个国家呆的时间都越多"符合语境，故选B。
【答案】41．C；42．A；43．D；44．B；45．B；46．A；47．C；48．C；49．D；50．B；51．A；52．B；53．D；54．A；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了德维在学校到当地游泳池的实地考察的活动中，因为不会游泳产生了恐惧心理，最后在游泳教练的帮助下，她克服对游泳的恐惧大胆尝试的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：德维面临着一个新的挑战——学校到当地游泳池的实地考察。A.platform"平台"；B. opportunity "机会"；C.challenge"挑战"；D.project"项目"。根据空前"Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life."可知，德维人生中从没有上过游泳课，说明学校到当地游泳池的实地考察对她是一个挑战。故选C。
42．句意：德维第一次和她的同学一起去游泳池时，她不知道自己在做什么。A.idea"想法"；B.hope "希望"；C.view"观点"；D.intention"打算"。根据空前"The first time Devi went with her class to the pool"可知，德维第一次和她的同学一起去游泳池时，推断出她不知道做什么，have no idea固定短语，"不知道"，故选A。
43．句意：德维滑入水中，抓住池边，希望能够用脚触底。A.dived"跳水"；B.sank"下沉"；C.leapt "跳跃"；D.slipped"滑动"。根据空后"and held onto the side of the pool"可知，德维当时是边划入水中边抓住泳池的边缘。故选D。
44．句意：德维滑入水中，抓住池边，希望能够用脚触底。A.side"旁边"；B.bottom"底部"；C. surface "表面"；D.edge"边缘"。根据空后"with her feet"可知，德维想用脚触碰泳池底部。故选B。
45．句意：但当德维放开池边时，她沉入了水下。A.took hold of"握住"；B.let go of"放开"；C.got rid of"处理"；D.caught sight of"看见"。根据下文"Devi soon 6 the cement ledge （水泥平台） to prevent herself drowning."可知，德维很快抓住水泥平台以防溺水，推断出她之前沉入水下是因为放开了泳池旁边造成的。故选B。
46．句意：德维很快抓住水泥平台以防溺水。A.grabbed"抓住"；B.obtained"获得"；C.recalled"回忆"；D.fixed"安装"。根据空后文"the cement ledge"及常识可知，泳池里的水泥平台是游泳时用来抓握的，推断出她抓住了水泥平台以防溺水。故选A。
47．句意：然后，被恐惧所抓住，她坐在长椅上，尴尬到不想再试一次。A.puzzle"迷惑"；B.delight "高兴"；C.horror"恐惧"；D.regret"后悔"。根据下文"but she had to 10 her fear."可知，德维认为她必须要克服恐惧，说明她在第一次游泳时感到恐惧。故选C。
48．句意：当她回家时，她的母亲立刻注意到德维很沮丧。A.imagined"想象"；B.concluded"得出结论"；C.noticed"注意到"；D.wondered"想知道"。根据空后"that Devi was upset"可知，母亲注意到了德维的沮丧。故选C。
49．句意：德维怀疑这些课程是否有帮助，但她必须克服恐惧。A.content"满意的"；B.grateful"感激的"；C.curious"好奇的"；D.doubtful"怀疑的"。根据上文"Devi had never been to a swimming lesson in her life. "可知，德维因为没有上过游泳课，推断出她怀疑游泳课是否有助于她克服恐惧。故选D。
50．句意：德维怀疑这些课程是否有帮助，但她必须克服恐惧。A.hide"隐藏"；B.overcome"克服"；C.support"支持"；D.convey"表达"。根据下文"when the time came to take her first lesson"可知，德维去上了她的第一节游泳课，说明她觉得自己需要去克服恐惧。故选B。
51．句意：尽管如此，当她上第一课的时候，德维比以前更尴尬了。A.Still"尽管如此"；B.Therefore "因此"；C.Otherwise"否则"；D.Moreover"此外"。根据上文"but she had to 10 her fear"和空后"when the time came to take her first lesson，Devi was even more embarrassed than before."可知，两句话之间是转折关系，应用still表示这种关系。故选A。
52．句意：这太可笑了！A.fantastic"极好的"；B.ridiculous"可笑的"；C.tolerant"容忍的"；D.accessible"可接近的"。根据上文"I'm 13，and I'm taking lessons with all little kids!"可知，德维觉得和小孩一起上课是一件可笑的事情。故选B。
53．句意：当她站在那里时，她的教练走过来说："嗨，德维！我是安吉拉。你知道吗，我直到20岁才学会游泳，现在我是一名游泳老师！"A.parent"父/母亲"；B.friend"朋友"；C.partner"伙伴"；D.instructor"教练"。根据下文"now I'm a swimming teacher"可知，安吉拉说她自己是一名游泳教师，说明她现在是德维的教练。故选D。
54．句意：安吉拉的话让德维放松了。A.at ease"放松"；B.in trouble"有麻烦"；C.at risk"有风险"；D.in need"有需要"。根据下文"She couldn't help but smile"可知，德维笑了说明她感到放松。故选A。
55．句意：她忍不住笑了，意识到自己可能永远都不是一个无所畏惧的游泳运动员，但她一定会很开心地尝试。A.competing"比赛"；B.playing"玩耍"；C.trying"尝试"；D.winning"获胜"。根据上文"she just sat on a bench，too embarrassed to try again"可知，德维第一次游泳失败了，使她不敢继续尝试，推断出教练的话让她认为她一定会很开心地尝试，故选C。
【答案】56．educated；57．development；58．its；59．until；60．the；61．of；62．visiting；63．financial；64．Activities；65．to have
【知识点】语法填空；旅游观光类；环境保护类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及形容词，名词，代词，介词，冠词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。become educated about固定短语，"对……有所了解"。故填educated。
57．句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词development，表示"发展"，作动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
58．句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意，此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示"它的"，故填its。
59．句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示"直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受"，应用短语not…until…，表示"直到……才……"，故填until。
60．句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
61．句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 固定短语，"各种各样的"，故填of。
62．句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
63．句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid，应用形容词形式作定语，financial是形容词，表示"财政的"故填financial。
64．句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。空处应用名词作主语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。
65．句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do固定短语，表示"旨在，目的是"，故填to have。
66．【答案】略
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 Then ，应用一般过去时，故填struck。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
67．【答案】略
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语从句 As she turned around ，可知应用一般过去时，故填stood。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
68．【答案】long；at；speed
【知识点】固定短语；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分"只要"，应用固定短语so long as，引导条件状语从句，因此第一空填long；" 以......的速度 "，应用固定短语at... speed，因此第二空和第三空填at；speed。故答案为：long；at；speed。
【点评】考查条件状语从句和固定短语，掌握so long as和at... speed。
69．【答案】略
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】 Thailand 和 attract 在逻辑上是主主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作状语，故填
attracting。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
70．【答案】略；略；略
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般现在时；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】"位于赤道以南"作状语，be located to固定短语，"位于"，locate和主语it是被动关系，故应用过去分词located，因此第1空填Located；第2.3空意为"被称为"，表达为be referred to as...，故填referred，to as，句首单词首字母大写。故填：Located，referred，to as。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，时态和固定短语，本题涉及过去分词作状语，一般现在时的被动语态以及固定短语be referred to as...。
71．【答案】June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.It is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans which are vital to human beings.Covering about 71% of the Earth's surface, the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the climate. In addition, the oceans produce over half of the world's oxygen and are home to a large variety of sea life.Therefore, it is our responsibility to protect them for our future generations. As students, we can take part in it by doing small things, such as collecting garbage on the shore or avoiding pouring waste water into the oceans. Besides, we can call on people around us to take action. By working together, we can protect and restore our precious oceans.Every little effort counts. As long as we try our best, we will make a difference to the oceans.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 你校将以世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans which are vital to human beings.运用了限制性定语从句；Covering about 71% of the Earth's surface, the oceans play a crucial role in regulating the climate. 运用了现在分词作状语；Therefore, it is our responsibility to protect them for our future generations. 运用了it作形式主语；As long as we try our best, we will make a difference to the oceans.运用了条件状语从句。
72．【答案】For the moment she was determined to start our journey. About 200 yards into the forest, the trail began to climb a steep slope. I pointed out some rarely-seen trees and flowering plants, which I explained were endangered species. She didn't share my enthusiasm. She was thirsty, tired, sweaty and bored. I handed her the water bottle as she sat on a fallen log and took a break. "You know, I think we're almost to the top," I told her. "You already said that three times, and we're not there yet." she replied. She grumbled another complain as we continued on. She might not have been happy, but at least I was proud that she had the determination not to quit before we reached the top.
A while later we did make it to the top. Jannie looked up, noticing we were no longer under the trees. When she stopped, looked around and saw where we were, her jaw dropped, her eyes opened wide and she shouted: "Oh, I don't believe it. We're on top of the world. It's awesome!" A refreshing breeze brushed the mountaintop, not a cloud was in the sky and miles and miles of trees and lakes spread out below us. We sat on a large rock and took it in the view, while eating our sandwiches and pointing out islands and roads and, of course, the cottage where we were staying. It had taken us almost an hour to make the climb, but it was worth it.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者鼓励带动10岁的甥女一起爬山，开始的时候外甥女有些不情愿，但当到达山顶时，一览众山小，有了成功的喜悦。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"她一时决定开始我们的旅行。"可知，第一段可描写甥女叫苦叫累的抱怨和作者的鼓励和帮助。②由第二段首句内容"过了一会儿，我们爬到了山顶。"可知，第二段可描写作者和甥女到达山顶后，一览众山小，成功的喜悦。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I pointed out some rarely-seen trees and flowering plants, which I explained were endangered species. 运用了非限制性定语从句；I handed her the water bottle as she sat on a fallen log and took a break. 运用了时间状语从句；I think we're almost to the top运用了宾语从句；You already said that three times, and we're not there yet.运用了并列句；She grumbled another complain as we continued on. 运用了时间状语从句；She might not have been happy, but at least I was proud that she had the determination not to quit before we reached the top.运用了转折并列句，宾语从句； Jannie looked up, noticing we were no longer under the trees. 运用了现在粉刺作状语，宾语从句；When she stopped, looked around and saw where we were, her jaw dropped, her eyes opened wide and she shouted: "Oh, I don't believe it. We're on top of the world. It's awesome!" 运用了时间状语从句，宾语从句； We sat on a large rock and took it in the view, while eating our sandwiches and pointing out islands and roads and, of course, the cottage where we were staying. 运用了时间状语从句的省略，限制性定语从句；It had taken us almost an hour to make the climb, but it was worth it.运用了转折并列句。
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