人教版（2019）选择性必修三高中英语Unit 4 Adversity and Course Period 4素养检测
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
I once complained to my friend
Mike," I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately
there is a big hill on the route." He replied," You mean fortunately."
He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now
changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.
This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get
fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort
myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and
sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have
a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced
and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the
first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing
proved inspirational. She wrote," The character cannot be developed with ease.
Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared,
ambition inspired and success achieved."
One of the main determinants of
success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face
hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many
are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude
towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931
he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again
and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain
with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during
the war. He said," Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this
or that. That's nonsense. Make up your mind, and you'll never use crutches or a
stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games
you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things
are too difficult or impossible."
The biographies of great people
are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.
The common threat is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude.
They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there
is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A．One who wants to achieve success can't expect to live an easy life.
B．Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
C．Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people's health.
D．People's attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.
2．What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
C．If you risk nothing, you will have nothing.
D．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
3．What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph
A．How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.
B．Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.
C．What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.
D．What great people have in common.
4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Different attitudes towards misfortune
B．Face difficulties with a smile
C．Nothing is impossible
D．Life is full of adversity
二、阅读填句
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to Discover Your Talent
Talent tends to refer to that
inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. 5． . It's good to try and
identify and practice that skill.
Revisit your childhood. A good
way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. 6． .
This is often the time when you had plans that weren't limited by what people tend
to think of as" reality".
Consider what it is that you do
when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is focus on what
you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a
while. 7． . You might have to research a bit deeper
into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.
8． .
Sometimes, when you're having difficulty seeing clearly, it's good to get an outside
opinion. Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to
offer you some insights into the areas they think you're talented in.
Try new things. Especially if
you're not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try new things.
This way you're more likely to hit on what it is that you're really good at and
that really makes you happy. 9． . In your quest for your own talent you
should look into the talents of other people.
A.
Consider what you loved to do as a child
B.
Ask others for better advice
C.
You can use your talents in the service of kindness
D.
Focus on the areas that you're less talented in
E.
Not all talents are going to be super obvious
F.
Observe and enjoy the talents of other people
G.
It's true that having a talent can help you in life
三、完形填空
完形填空
A (n) optimistic girl is proving
that you can seek your dreams even in a wheelchair.
Since the age of four, Katie Hilton
had dreamed of becoming a dancer." The 10． thing
that I loved was dance." She told CNN news. That 11． nearly ended one night in 2007. Hilton,
then a 16-year-old high school senior in St. Maria, Texas,
was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 56 days and left her 12． from the 13． down.
For most people, that would have 14． any hope of a dancing career. For Hilton, it was
the 15． . 16． a barrier, her wheelchair 17． her."
I wanted to 18． to my community and myself that I was still 19． ." She told the journalist.
So she 20． dancing
in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day in her whole
student age. After 21． , she set up a website to include women like her. She met people online
who had suffered similar injuries and shared her determination, and she 22． them
to dance with her.
Hoping to reach more people in
a 23． city,
Hilton moved to New York in 2017 and formed a team of disabled dancers, which is
very famous in the US now." I just want to spread the belief that 'dance is
dance, whether you are walking or 24． '" She was in favor of any activities that were beneficial to them.
Hilton has achieved what many
of us never will: her childhood dream. She
is a real dancer.
10．A．same B．different C．only D．lucky
11．A．dream B．habit C．situation D．recreation
12．A．asleep B．dead C．paralyzed D．blind
13．A．wrist B．toes C．waist D．fingers
14．A．abandoned B．acquired C．consisted D．destroyed
15．A．dilemma B．ending C．section D．beginning
16．A．Rather than B．More than C．Other
than D．Or rather
17．A．handled B．squeezed C．demanded D．inspired
18．A．prove B．unite C．motivate D．absorb
19．A．gifted B．normal C．healthy D．qualified
20．A．insisted on B．exposed to C．left
out D．broke down
21．A．school B．class C．graduation D．work
22．A．invited B．ordered C．admired D．suggested
23．A．large B．modern C．convenient D．beautiful
24．A．jumping B．rolling C．climbing D．running
四、语法填空
语法填空
Suppose you broke a cup or a bowl
by accident, 25． would you deal with the broken pieces One day, Alice 26．
(wash) dishes when she broke a beautiful plate carelessly. 27． (hear) the
sound, her father ran out of the study at once to see if his daughter was hurt.
To his 28． (relieve), she was fine, so the father comforted her and told her
just to throw the broken pieces directly into the dustbin.
However, Alice said nothing. She picked up the pieces
on the floor one by one. She even looked everywhere to make sure there were no pieces
29． (leave). Then Alice
asked her father for some old newspapers and a plastic bag.
The father felt 30． (confuse).
He wondered what she was going to do. After Alice 31． (wrap) the broken pieces with
newspapers, she then put them into the plastic bag, together with a card 32．
(say)" Danger! Broken plate!" Finally, she placed the plastic bag into
the dustbin. Not until then did the father realize how 33． (consider) his
daughter was. He learned a lesson from her. If everyone in the world 34．
(show) thoughtful concern for others, we could make a really big difference!
五、阅读理解
阅读理解
A city in Korea, which
has the world's largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing
lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn" smartphone zombies" to look up and drivers to slow down, in the
hope of preventing accidents.
The designers of the system were
motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become
victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury
rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering
and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings
can warn both pedestrians and drivers.
In addition to red, yellow and
blue LED lights on the pavement," smombies" —smartphone zombies—will be
warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones
by an app that they are about to step into traffic.
"Increasing number of smombie
accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential
to prevent these pedestrian accidents," said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon.
Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.
4 percent of the time in the institute's tests involving about 1, 000 vehicles.
In 2017, more than 1, 600 pedestrians
were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic
deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the
smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about 30 km northwest
of the capital, Seoul,
but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.
Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident
of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to
remember to look at traffic." This flashing light makes me feel safe as it
makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town,"
she said.
35．What do the underlined words" smartphone zombies" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Drivers driving after drunk. B．Pedestrians buried in their phones.
C．Passengers crazy about phones. D．Policemen in charge of traffic.
36．What do we know about the warning system
A．It has reduced death rate by 83. 4%.
B．It has been spread nationwide.
C．It gives a warning to the smartphones.
D．It is being tried out in many places.
37．What was the residents' attitude to the traffic system
A．Negative. B．Unconcerned. C．Disapproving. D．Favorable.
38．What is the best title for the text
A．Korea Warns Smartphone Zombies of Traffic
B．Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent Accidents
C．Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic Accidents
D．Korea Uses a New Traffic System
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．C
4．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"We cannot achieve anything with an easy life"可知，一个想要成功的人不能期望过着轻松的生活，故选A。
2．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that. . . Make up your mind，and. . . Go anywhere you want to. But never，never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible. "可知Douglas Bader阐明了自己的观点，即"不要听任何人说你不能做这个或那个。……下定决心……去任何你想去的地方。但是永远，永远不要让他们说服你事情太困难或不可能。D项"世上无难事，只要肯攀登"意境吻合，故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity. "可知，作者在接下来的段落中会谈论"如何改变对待逆境的态度"。故选C。
4．考查主旨大意。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项"笑对逆境"适合做本文标题，故选B。
【答案】5．G；6．A；7．E；8．B；9．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何发现自己的天赋的几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
5．根据空后的“It's good to try and identify and practice that skill. ”可知，尝试、识别和练习这种技能是很好的，此处是说拥有天赋的好处，G. It's true that having a talent can help you in life“的确，拥有一种天赋在生活中会帮助你”符合语境，故选G。
6．根据空前的“A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. ”可知，要想知道你在哪方面有天赋，一个好办法就是回到你的童年时代，此处承接上文，A. Consider what you loved to do as a child“想想你小时候喜欢做什么”符合语境，故选A。
7．根据空后的“You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied. ”可知，你可能需要深入研究你喜欢的事情才能发现什么让你感到满足，此处是说有时候才能不是那么容易被发现的，E. Not all talents are going to be super obvious“并不是所有的天赋都是显而易见的”符合语境，故选E。
8．根据空后的“Sometimes，when you're having difficulty seeing clearly，it's good to get an outside opinion. ”可知，当你看不清楚的时候，最好听听外界的意见，本段讲的是要寻求他人的建议，B. Ask others for better advice“向别人征求更好的建议”符合语境，故选B。
9．根据空后的“In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people. ”可知，追求自己的天赋时，你应该看看别人的天赋，此处讲的是有关别人的天赋，F. Observe and enjoy the talents of other people“观察并欣赏他人的才能”符合语境，故选F。
【答案】10．C；11．A；12．C；13．C；14．D；15．D；16．A；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．A；21．C；22．A；23．A；24．B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了因遭遇意外而下半身瘫痪的女孩Katie Hilton身残志坚，乐观向上，仍然追求舞蹈梦想，并用自己的行为影响更多残疾人的励志故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．句意：女孩告诉CNN：“舞蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情。”A：same“相同的”；B：different“不同的”；C：only“唯一的”；D：lucky “幸运的”。根据上文的“Since the age of four，Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. ”可知Hilton从4岁起就想成为舞蹈家，因此此处用“舞蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情”符合语境，故选C。
11．句意：这个梦想几乎在2007年一个晚上终结。A：dream“梦想”；B：habit“习惯”；C：situation“状况”；D：recreation “消遣，娱乐”。根据上文的“Since the age of four，Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. ”可知此处用“梦想”符合语境，故选A。
12．句意：这场事故使得她自腰以下瘫痪。A：asleep“睡着的”；B：dead“死的”；C：paralyzed“瘫痪的”；D：blind“瞎的”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair可知她坐着轮椅跳舞，推测她瘫痪了，故选C。
13．句意：这场事故使得她自腰以下瘫痪。A：wrist“手腕”；B：toes“脚趾”；C：waist“腰”；D：fingers“手指”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair”可知她坐着轮椅跳舞，故推测她是从腰处往下瘫痪，故选C。
14．句意：对大数人来说，那几乎会摧毁任何一个人的舞蹈生涯的希望。A：abandoned“抛弃，放弃”；B：acquired“获得”；C：consisted“由……组成”；D：destroyed “毁坏”。结合常识，瘫痪导致不能跳舞，故选D。
15．句意：对Hilton来说，这却是一个开始。A：dilemma“进退两难的境地”；B：ending“结束”；C：section“部分”；D：beginning “开始”。 根据语境，此处是指Hilton开始学着坐在轮椅里跳舞，所以这对她来说是开始，故选D。
16．句意：轮椅不是故障，反而激励了她。A：Rather than“而不是”；B：More than“超过，不仅仅是，极其，远非”；C：Other than“除了”；D：Or rather“更确切地说”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day可知她每天在轮椅里和同学练习跳舞，所以对她来说轮椅不是障碍，故选A。
17．句意：轮椅不是故障，反而激励了她。A：handled“解决”；B：squeezed“压榨”；C：demanded“要求”；D：inspired“激励”。前后句转折关系，此处用“激励”符合语境，故选D。
18．句意：她对记者说：“我想向公众和我自己证明我仍然是正常的。”A：prove“证明”；B：unite“联合，团结”；C：motivate“激励”；D：absorb “吸收，吸引”。根据语境，此处是指尽管瘫痪了但是Hilton还是想证明自己和正常人一样，他们能做的，她照样能做到，故选A。
19．句意：她对记者说：“我想向公众和我自己证明我仍然是正常的。”A：gifted“有天赋的”；B：normal“正常的”；C：healthy“健康的”；D：qualified “合格的”。根据语境可知，此处是指尽管她瘫痪了但依然想像正常人那样去跳舞，去实现自己的梦想，可知此处用“我想向公众和自己证明我是正常的”，故选B。
20．句意：在整个学生时代，她仍然坚持在轮椅上和那些非残疾的同学一起跳舞。A：insisted on“坚持”；B：exposed to“暴露在”；C：left out“遗漏，省略，忽视”；D：broke down “崩溃，垮掉，瓦解”。根据下文的“She is a real dancer. ”可知她成了真正的舞者，故推测她学生时代坚持跳舞，才会有这样的结果，故选A。
21．句意：毕业后，她建立了一个网站，把和她一样的女性吸引进来。A：school“学校”；B：class“课”；C：graduation“毕业”；D：work “工作”。根据上文，讲述她的学生时代，按照逻辑，推测此处讲述毕业之后的事情，故选C。
22．句意：她在网上遇到和她有相同经历的人，便和他们分享她的决心，甚至邀请他们来和她一起跳舞。A：invited“邀请”；B：ordered“命令”；C：admired“羡慕，钦佩”；D：suggested “建议”。结合句意可知，句中even表层次的递进，此处用“邀请他们来跳舞”符合语境，故选A。
23．句意：为了在大城市接触到更多的（有类似遭遇的）人，她搬去了纽约。A：large“大的”；B：modern“现代的”；C：convenient“方便的”；D：beautiful “美丽的”。根据空后“Hilton moved to New York in 2017” 可知，她想去大城市，因为那儿可能有更多和她遭遇相似的人，故选A。
24．句意：我只是想传播“舞蹈就是舞蹈，无论你是行走还是滚动轮椅”的信念。A：jumping“跳”；B：rolling“滚，卷”；C：climbing“爬”；D：running “跑”。此处是指滚动轮椅，故选B。
【答案】25．how；26．was washing；27．Hearing；28．relief；29．left；30．confused；31．wrapped/had wrapped；32．saying；33．considerate；34．showed
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，假如你不小心打碎了一个杯子或一个碗，你会如何处理这些碎片 一天爱丽丝洗碗时不小心打碎了一个盘子后，她仔细地捡起地板上的碎片后，用报纸把碎片包起来，放进了塑料袋里，写了一张卡片一起放了进去，提示“碎片，危险! ”。这给人们的启示：如果世界上的每一个人都关心体贴别人，会有很大意义!
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
25．句意：假设你不小心打碎了一个杯子或碗，你会如何处理这些碎片 根据语境可知，此处是指如何处理碎杯子的碎片，故填how。
26．句意：一天，爱丽丝在洗盘子时不小心打碎了一个漂亮的盘子。“sb. were /was doing when”为固定句式，意为“正在做这个时候”。根据when从句的一般过去时，可知此处要用过去进行时，故填was washing。
27．句意：听到这个声音，她的父亲立刻跑出书房，看看他的女儿是否受伤了。根据语境可知，hear的逻辑主语是her father，二者是主动关系。所以要用动词的-ing形式，故填 Hearing。
28．句意：令他欣慰的是，她很好。to one's relief固定短语，“令某人欣慰的是”，故填relief。
29．句意：她还到处找 (碎片)，以确保没有留下任何东西。此处left是过去分词，一般用作后置定语，“剩下的，留下的”，故填left。
30．句意：父亲感到很困惑。他不知道她要做什么。根据空后“He wondered what she was going to do”可知，她的父亲感觉很困惑，要用形容词作表语，故填confused。
31．句意：在爱丽丝用报纸把碎片包好之后，然后她把它们放进塑料袋，还有一张牌，上面写着”危险! 碎盘子!”本文叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，可填wrapped。也可填had wrapped，因为wrap这个动词是发生在一般过去时put them into the plastic bag之前，是过去的过去。故填wrapped/had wrapped。
32．句意：纸片上写着“破碎的碟子! 危险”! card与say 之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，要用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，故填saying。
33．句意：直到那时，父亲才意识到他女儿是多么体贴。how是副词，一般修饰形容词或副词，本空作表语，要用形容词，故填considerate。
34．句意：如果世界上的每个人都对别人体贴和关心，我们就会起很大的作用! 根据语境可知，此处是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句要用一般过去时，故填showed。
【答案】35．B
36．C
37．D
38．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了韩国一款手机警告系统，警告那些在繁忙交通路段沉迷于手机的行人，以及行人对这个警告系统的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
35．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn" smartphone zombies" to look up and drivers to slow down”在十字路口安装闪光灯以及镭射光束来提醒沉迷于手机的行人抬头看路和司机减速；以及第二段中提到“more pedestrians glued to their phones”可知，很多行人沉迷于手机。所以， smartphone zombies 意为“沉迷手机的行人”。故选B。
36．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In addition to red，yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement，‘smombies'—smartphone zombies—will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic. ”可知，应用程序向手机发送警告，告诉它们即将驶入车流。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Kim Dan-hee，a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan，welcomed the system”可知，Kim Dan-hee对这个系统表示欢迎，所以，他是赞成这个系统的。故选D。
38．考查主旨大意。根据第一段和结合全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述了韩国一款手机警告系统，警告那些在繁忙交通路段沉迷于手机的行人，以及行人对这个警告系统的看法。所以，A项“韩国警告沉迷手机的行人的警告系统，”为最佳标题，故选A。
1 / 1人教版（2019）选择性必修三高中英语Unit 4 Adversity and Course Period 4素养检测
一、阅读理解
阅读理解
I once complained to my friend
Mike," I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately
there is a big hill on the route." He replied," You mean fortunately."
He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now
changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.
This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get
fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort
myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and
sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have
a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced
and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the
first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing
proved inspirational. She wrote," The character cannot be developed with ease.
Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared,
ambition inspired and success achieved."
One of the main determinants of
success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face
hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many
are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude
towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931
he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again
and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain
with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during
the war. He said," Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this
or that. That's nonsense. Make up your mind, and you'll never use crutches or a
stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games
you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things
are too difficult or impossible."
The biographies of great people
are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.
The common threat is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude.
They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there
is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A．One who wants to achieve success can't expect to live an easy life.
B．Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
C．Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people's health.
D．People's attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.
2．What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
C．If you risk nothing, you will have nothing.
D．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
3．What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph
A．How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.
B．Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.
C．What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.
D．What great people have in common.
4．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Different attitudes towards misfortune
B．Face difficulties with a smile
C．Nothing is impossible
D．Life is full of adversity
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．C
4．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"We cannot achieve anything with an easy life"可知，一个想要成功的人不能期望过着轻松的生活，故选A。
2．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that. . . Make up your mind，and. . . Go anywhere you want to. But never，never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible. "可知Douglas Bader阐明了自己的观点，即"不要听任何人说你不能做这个或那个。……下定决心……去任何你想去的地方。但是永远，永远不要让他们说服你事情太困难或不可能。D项"世上无难事，只要肯攀登"意境吻合，故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity. "可知，作者在接下来的段落中会谈论"如何改变对待逆境的态度"。故选C。
4．考查主旨大意。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项"笑对逆境"适合做本文标题，故选B。
二、阅读填句
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to Discover Your Talent
Talent tends to refer to that
inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. 5． . It's good to try and
identify and practice that skill.
Revisit your childhood. A good
way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. 6． .
This is often the time when you had plans that weren't limited by what people tend
to think of as" reality".
Consider what it is that you do
when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is focus on what
you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a
while. 7． . You might have to research a bit deeper
into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.
8． .
Sometimes, when you're having difficulty seeing clearly, it's good to get an outside
opinion. Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to
offer you some insights into the areas they think you're talented in.
Try new things. Especially if
you're not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try new things.
This way you're more likely to hit on what it is that you're really good at and
that really makes you happy. 9． . In your quest for your own talent you
should look into the talents of other people.
A.
Consider what you loved to do as a child
B.
Ask others for better advice
C.
You can use your talents in the service of kindness
D.
Focus on the areas that you're less talented in
E.
Not all talents are going to be super obvious
F.
Observe and enjoy the talents of other people
G.
It's true that having a talent can help you in life
【答案】5．G；6．A；7．E；8．B；9．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何发现自己的天赋的几点建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
5．根据空后的“It's good to try and identify and practice that skill. ”可知，尝试、识别和练习这种技能是很好的，此处是说拥有天赋的好处，G. It's true that having a talent can help you in life“的确，拥有一种天赋在生活中会帮助你”符合语境，故选G。
6．根据空前的“A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. ”可知，要想知道你在哪方面有天赋，一个好办法就是回到你的童年时代，此处承接上文，A. Consider what you loved to do as a child“想想你小时候喜欢做什么”符合语境，故选A。
7．根据空后的“You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied. ”可知，你可能需要深入研究你喜欢的事情才能发现什么让你感到满足，此处是说有时候才能不是那么容易被发现的，E. Not all talents are going to be super obvious“并不是所有的天赋都是显而易见的”符合语境，故选E。
8．根据空后的“Sometimes，when you're having difficulty seeing clearly，it's good to get an outside opinion. ”可知，当你看不清楚的时候，最好听听外界的意见，本段讲的是要寻求他人的建议，B. Ask others for better advice“向别人征求更好的建议”符合语境，故选B。
9．根据空后的“In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people. ”可知，追求自己的天赋时，你应该看看别人的天赋，此处讲的是有关别人的天赋，F. Observe and enjoy the talents of other people“观察并欣赏他人的才能”符合语境，故选F。
三、完形填空
完形填空
A (n) optimistic girl is proving
that you can seek your dreams even in a wheelchair.
Since the age of four, Katie Hilton
had dreamed of becoming a dancer." The 10． thing
that I loved was dance." She told CNN news. That 11． nearly ended one night in 2007. Hilton,
then a 16-year-old high school senior in St. Maria, Texas,
was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 56 days and left her 12． from the 13． down.
For most people, that would have 14． any hope of a dancing career. For Hilton, it was
the 15． . 16． a barrier, her wheelchair 17． her."
I wanted to 18． to my community and myself that I was still 19． ." She told the journalist.
So she 20． dancing
in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day in her whole
student age. After 21． , she set up a website to include women like her. She met people online
who had suffered similar injuries and shared her determination, and she 22． them
to dance with her.
Hoping to reach more people in
a 23． city,
Hilton moved to New York in 2017 and formed a team of disabled dancers, which is
very famous in the US now." I just want to spread the belief that 'dance is
dance, whether you are walking or 24． '" She was in favor of any activities that were beneficial to them.
Hilton has achieved what many
of us never will: her childhood dream. She
is a real dancer.
10．A．same B．different C．only D．lucky
11．A．dream B．habit C．situation D．recreation
12．A．asleep B．dead C．paralyzed D．blind
13．A．wrist B．toes C．waist D．fingers
14．A．abandoned B．acquired C．consisted D．destroyed
15．A．dilemma B．ending C．section D．beginning
16．A．Rather than B．More than C．Other
than D．Or rather
17．A．handled B．squeezed C．demanded D．inspired
18．A．prove B．unite C．motivate D．absorb
19．A．gifted B．normal C．healthy D．qualified
20．A．insisted on B．exposed to C．left
out D．broke down
21．A．school B．class C．graduation D．work
22．A．invited B．ordered C．admired D．suggested
23．A．large B．modern C．convenient D．beautiful
24．A．jumping B．rolling C．climbing D．running
【答案】10．C；11．A；12．C；13．C；14．D；15．D；16．A；17．D；18．A；19．B；20．A；21．C；22．A；23．A；24．B
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了因遭遇意外而下半身瘫痪的女孩Katie Hilton身残志坚，乐观向上，仍然追求舞蹈梦想，并用自己的行为影响更多残疾人的励志故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．句意：女孩告诉CNN：“舞蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情。”A：same“相同的”；B：different“不同的”；C：only“唯一的”；D：lucky “幸运的”。根据上文的“Since the age of four，Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. ”可知Hilton从4岁起就想成为舞蹈家，因此此处用“舞蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情”符合语境，故选C。
11．句意：这个梦想几乎在2007年一个晚上终结。A：dream“梦想”；B：habit“习惯”；C：situation“状况”；D：recreation “消遣，娱乐”。根据上文的“Since the age of four，Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. ”可知此处用“梦想”符合语境，故选A。
12．句意：这场事故使得她自腰以下瘫痪。A：asleep“睡着的”；B：dead“死的”；C：paralyzed“瘫痪的”；D：blind“瞎的”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair可知她坐着轮椅跳舞，推测她瘫痪了，故选C。
13．句意：这场事故使得她自腰以下瘫痪。A：wrist“手腕”；B：toes“脚趾”；C：waist“腰”；D：fingers“手指”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair”可知她坐着轮椅跳舞，故推测她是从腰处往下瘫痪，故选C。
14．句意：对大数人来说，那几乎会摧毁任何一个人的舞蹈生涯的希望。A：abandoned“抛弃，放弃”；B：acquired“获得”；C：consisted“由……组成”；D：destroyed “毁坏”。结合常识，瘫痪导致不能跳舞，故选D。
15．句意：对Hilton来说，这却是一个开始。A：dilemma“进退两难的境地”；B：ending“结束”；C：section“部分”；D：beginning “开始”。 根据语境，此处是指Hilton开始学着坐在轮椅里跳舞，所以这对她来说是开始，故选D。
16．句意：轮椅不是故障，反而激励了她。A：Rather than“而不是”；B：More than“超过，不仅仅是，极其，远非”；C：Other than“除了”；D：Or rather“更确切地说”。根据下文的“So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day可知她每天在轮椅里和同学练习跳舞，所以对她来说轮椅不是障碍，故选A。
17．句意：轮椅不是故障，反而激励了她。A：handled“解决”；B：squeezed“压榨”；C：demanded“要求”；D：inspired“激励”。前后句转折关系，此处用“激励”符合语境，故选D。
18．句意：她对记者说：“我想向公众和我自己证明我仍然是正常的。”A：prove“证明”；B：unite“联合，团结”；C：motivate“激励”；D：absorb “吸收，吸引”。根据语境，此处是指尽管瘫痪了但是Hilton还是想证明自己和正常人一样，他们能做的，她照样能做到，故选A。
19．句意：她对记者说：“我想向公众和我自己证明我仍然是正常的。”A：gifted“有天赋的”；B：normal“正常的”；C：healthy“健康的”；D：qualified “合格的”。根据语境可知，此处是指尽管她瘫痪了但依然想像正常人那样去跳舞，去实现自己的梦想，可知此处用“我想向公众和自己证明我是正常的”，故选B。
20．句意：在整个学生时代，她仍然坚持在轮椅上和那些非残疾的同学一起跳舞。A：insisted on“坚持”；B：exposed to“暴露在”；C：left out“遗漏，省略，忽视”；D：broke down “崩溃，垮掉，瓦解”。根据下文的“She is a real dancer. ”可知她成了真正的舞者，故推测她学生时代坚持跳舞，才会有这样的结果，故选A。
21．句意：毕业后，她建立了一个网站，把和她一样的女性吸引进来。A：school“学校”；B：class“课”；C：graduation“毕业”；D：work “工作”。根据上文，讲述她的学生时代，按照逻辑，推测此处讲述毕业之后的事情，故选C。
22．句意：她在网上遇到和她有相同经历的人，便和他们分享她的决心，甚至邀请他们来和她一起跳舞。A：invited“邀请”；B：ordered“命令”；C：admired“羡慕，钦佩”；D：suggested “建议”。结合句意可知，句中even表层次的递进，此处用“邀请他们来跳舞”符合语境，故选A。
23．句意：为了在大城市接触到更多的（有类似遭遇的）人，她搬去了纽约。A：large“大的”；B：modern“现代的”；C：convenient“方便的”；D：beautiful “美丽的”。根据空后“Hilton moved to New York in 2017” 可知，她想去大城市，因为那儿可能有更多和她遭遇相似的人，故选A。
24．句意：我只是想传播“舞蹈就是舞蹈，无论你是行走还是滚动轮椅”的信念。A：jumping“跳”；B：rolling“滚，卷”；C：climbing“爬”；D：running “跑”。此处是指滚动轮椅，故选B。
四、语法填空
语法填空
Suppose you broke a cup or a bowl
by accident, 25． would you deal with the broken pieces One day, Alice 26．
(wash) dishes when she broke a beautiful plate carelessly. 27． (hear) the
sound, her father ran out of the study at once to see if his daughter was hurt.
To his 28． (relieve), she was fine, so the father comforted her and told her
just to throw the broken pieces directly into the dustbin.
However, Alice said nothing. She picked up the pieces
on the floor one by one. She even looked everywhere to make sure there were no pieces
29． (leave). Then Alice
asked her father for some old newspapers and a plastic bag.
The father felt 30． (confuse).
He wondered what she was going to do. After Alice 31． (wrap) the broken pieces with
newspapers, she then put them into the plastic bag, together with a card 32．
(say)" Danger! Broken plate!" Finally, she placed the plastic bag into
the dustbin. Not until then did the father realize how 33． (consider) his
daughter was. He learned a lesson from her. If everyone in the world 34．
(show) thoughtful concern for others, we could make a really big difference!
【答案】25．how；26．was washing；27．Hearing；28．relief；29．left；30．confused；31．wrapped/had wrapped；32．saying；33．considerate；34．showed
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，假如你不小心打碎了一个杯子或一个碗，你会如何处理这些碎片 一天爱丽丝洗碗时不小心打碎了一个盘子后，她仔细地捡起地板上的碎片后，用报纸把碎片包起来，放进了塑料袋里，写了一张卡片一起放了进去，提示“碎片，危险! ”。这给人们的启示：如果世界上的每一个人都关心体贴别人，会有很大意义!
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
25．句意：假设你不小心打碎了一个杯子或碗，你会如何处理这些碎片 根据语境可知，此处是指如何处理碎杯子的碎片，故填how。
26．句意：一天，爱丽丝在洗盘子时不小心打碎了一个漂亮的盘子。“sb. were /was doing when”为固定句式，意为“正在做这个时候”。根据when从句的一般过去时，可知此处要用过去进行时，故填was washing。
27．句意：听到这个声音，她的父亲立刻跑出书房，看看他的女儿是否受伤了。根据语境可知，hear的逻辑主语是her father，二者是主动关系。所以要用动词的-ing形式，故填 Hearing。
28．句意：令他欣慰的是，她很好。to one's relief固定短语，“令某人欣慰的是”，故填relief。
29．句意：她还到处找 (碎片)，以确保没有留下任何东西。此处left是过去分词，一般用作后置定语，“剩下的，留下的”，故填left。
30．句意：父亲感到很困惑。他不知道她要做什么。根据空后“He wondered what she was going to do”可知，她的父亲感觉很困惑，要用形容词作表语，故填confused。
31．句意：在爱丽丝用报纸把碎片包好之后，然后她把它们放进塑料袋，还有一张牌，上面写着”危险! 碎盘子!”本文叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，可填wrapped。也可填had wrapped，因为wrap这个动词是发生在一般过去时put them into the plastic bag之前，是过去的过去。故填wrapped/had wrapped。
32．句意：纸片上写着“破碎的碟子! 危险”! card与say 之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，要用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，故填saying。
33．句意：直到那时，父亲才意识到他女儿是多么体贴。how是副词，一般修饰形容词或副词，本空作表语，要用形容词，故填considerate。
34．句意：如果世界上的每个人都对别人体贴和关心，我们就会起很大的作用! 根据语境可知，此处是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句要用一般过去时，故填showed。
五、阅读理解
阅读理解
A city in Korea, which
has the world's largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing
lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn" smartphone zombies" to look up and drivers to slow down, in the
hope of preventing accidents.
The designers of the system were
motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become
victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury
rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering
and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings
can warn both pedestrians and drivers.
In addition to red, yellow and
blue LED lights on the pavement," smombies" —smartphone zombies—will be
warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones
by an app that they are about to step into traffic.
"Increasing number of smombie
accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential
to prevent these pedestrian accidents," said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon.
Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.
4 percent of the time in the institute's tests involving about 1, 000 vehicles.
In 2017, more than 1, 600 pedestrians
were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic
deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the
smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about 30 km northwest
of the capital, Seoul,
but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.
Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident
of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to
remember to look at traffic." This flashing light makes me feel safe as it
makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town,"
she said.
35．What do the underlined words" smartphone zombies" in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Drivers driving after drunk. B．Pedestrians buried in their phones.
C．Passengers crazy about phones. D．Policemen in charge of traffic.
36．What do we know about the warning system
A．It has reduced death rate by 83. 4%.
B．It has been spread nationwide.
C．It gives a warning to the smartphones.
D．It is being tried out in many places.
37．What was the residents' attitude to the traffic system
A．Negative. B．Unconcerned. C．Disapproving. D．Favorable.
38．What is the best title for the text
A．Korea Warns Smartphone Zombies of Traffic
B．Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent Accidents
C．Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic Accidents
D．Korea Uses a New Traffic System
【答案】35．B
36．C
37．D
38．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了韩国一款手机警告系统，警告那些在繁忙交通路段沉迷于手机的行人，以及行人对这个警告系统的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
35．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn" smartphone zombies" to look up and drivers to slow down”在十字路口安装闪光灯以及镭射光束来提醒沉迷于手机的行人抬头看路和司机减速；以及第二段中提到“more pedestrians glued to their phones”可知，很多行人沉迷于手机。所以， smartphone zombies 意为“沉迷手机的行人”。故选B。
36．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“In addition to red，yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement，‘smombies'—smartphone zombies—will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic. ”可知，应用程序向手机发送警告，告诉它们即将驶入车流。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Kim Dan-hee，a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan，welcomed the system”可知，Kim Dan-hee对这个系统表示欢迎，所以，他是赞成这个系统的。故选D。
38．考查主旨大意。根据第一段和结合全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述了韩国一款手机警告系统，警告那些在繁忙交通路段沉迷于手机的行人，以及行人对这个警告系统的看法。所以，A项“韩国警告沉迷手机的行人的警告系统，”为最佳标题，故选A。
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