中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
表格版解读时间、条件、原因状语从句【含真题演练及答案】
一、时间状语从句
引导词 含义及用法 示例
before “在...之前”,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 She always washes hands before she has meals. 她总是在饭前洗手。
after “在...之后”,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 He became a doctor after he graduated. 他毕业后成为了一名医生。
while “正当...时;与此同时”,表示主从句的谓语动作同时进行,引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常用进行时 My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. 在我做作业时,我妈妈正在做饭。
when “当...时候”,表示主从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 Li Ming was reading when I came in. 当我进来的时候,李明正在读书。 When the lights went out,I lit some candles. 灯灭后,我点燃了一些蜡烛。
as “当...时;一边...一边...表示主从句的动作同时发生或进行 She listened to the radio as she washed the clothes. 她一边洗衣服一边听收音机。
until/till 主句是肯定式,意为“直到...谓语动词只能用延续性动词 Let's wait until the rain stops. 让我们一直等到雨停的时候吧。
主句是否定式,常用not...until...,意为“直到...才...谓语动词一般用非延续性动词 He didn't go to bed until his mother came back. 直到他妈妈回来,他才去睡觉。
since “自......以来”,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have worked in this company since I graduated. 自从我毕业,我一直在这家公司工作。
as soon as 一...就...”,引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生。主句用一般将来时,从句常用一般现在时表将来 I'll tell him as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就告诉他。
注意:
(一)when,while和as的用法区别:
①when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,而while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。
②while和as常表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,而when可表示从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前或之后,也可以表示同时发生。
③while表示两个延续性动作同时发生而又有对比意义,主从句通常都用进行时态。
④as常用于表示:
a.两个动作同时或几乎同时发生;
b.两种发展变化中的情况;
c.在某事发生过程中另外一件事发生;
d随着短暂动作的发生,另一动作立刻发生
(二)till和until常可互换,但till不能用于句首,也不可用于强调句。在not...until...中,有时不用not,可以用 never, nothing等表示否定的词。
二、条件状语从句
引导词 含义及用法 示例
if “如果”,主句如果为一般将来时,if引导的从句通常用一般现在时表将来 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the park. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。
unless “如果不,除非”,unless 可转化为if...not... 结构。主从句时态与 if用法一致 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,否则比赛照常进行。
as soon as “只要”,主从句时态与if用法一致 As long as you work hard, you will make great progress. 只要你努力,你就会取得很大的进步。
in case “如果,万一”,主从句时态与if用法一致 In case we fail, we won't lose heart. 万一我们失败了,我们决不会失去信心。
once “一旦,只要”,主从句时态与if用法一致 Once he makes up his mind, he will never give it up. 他一旦下定决心,就决不会放弃。
三、原因状语从句
引导词 含义及用法 示例
because “因为”,表示造成某种情况的直接原因,语气最强,回答why引导的问句,不能和so同时使用 I didn't go to your party because my mother was ill. 因为我妈妈生病了,所以我没有去参加你的聚会。
since “既然”,语气比 because 弱,表示对方已知或众所周知的原因,通常放在句首 Since everyone is here, let's begin our meeting. 既然大家都来了,我们就开始开会吧。
as “由于,因为”,语气比 since弱,表示在说话人看来已经很明显或众所周知的原因,引导的从句位于主句前后均可 I left a note as you were out. 你不在,所以我留了一张便条。
真题再现
1. Mr Smith has a habit of taking a shower he has breakfast.
A. though B. before C.because D. since
2. it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes.
A. Though B.Unless C. As D. Until
3. You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it in the evening.
A. doesn't rain B.rains C. will rain D. won't rain
4. My cousin is very young, she can help with the housework.
A. Once;/ B. Though; but C. Although;/
5. Kate's dad is getting old. She will go back home to see him it is convenient.
A. because B. whenever C. although D. unless
6. We didn't enjoy the day the weather was so bad.
A. because B. though C. unless D. till
7. Miss Lin has taught us English we came to this school.
A. for B. since C. before D. when
8. One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future we can face all the challenges with confidence.
A. so far B. so that C. even if D. if only
9.The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier we take action to protect them.
A.since B. if C. until D. unless
10. You can use English or Chinese you travel in Singapore.
A. whether B. whatever C. where D. if
强化训练单项选择。
1. Grace is going to give much money to charity, she is not rich enough.
A. if B. unless C. since D. though
2. Jim has been in the factory for two years he graduated.
A. when B. since C. as soon as D. as
3. You'd better make a good plan you take a holiday.
A.before B. during C. until D. after
4. She raised her voice everyone in the room could hear her.
A. so that B. as soon as C.no matter D. even though
5. He will come here right away he hears the news.
A. so B. as soon as C. because D.though
6. I got off the bus, I saw him standing there.
A. While B. When C. If D. Because
7.It's quite common in Britain to say “Thank you”to the drivers people get off the bus.
A.before B. since C. until D. unless
8. Her little sister is young she can't dress herself.
A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. very; that
9. -Did you call Sara back -I didn't need to, we’ll have a meeting together tonight.
A. though B. unless C. because D. if
10.Li Lei knew little about the film he saw it yesterday afternoon.
A. if B. since C. until D. because
参考答案及详解详析
真题再现
1.B 题意:史密斯先生习惯在早饭之前洗个澡。before“在…之前”,符合题意。though“尽管,虽然”;because“因为”;since“自从…以来”。
2.C 题意:由于山里经常很冷,你需要穿些保暖的衣服。as在此意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。though“尽管”;unless“除非…,如果不…”;until“直到…”。
3.A题意:如果晚上不下雨,你会看到许多大妈聚在广场上跳舞。主句用一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,排除C、D两项;根据常识可知,应该是不下雨的时候在广场上跳舞,故选A。
4.C 题意:尽管我表妹很小,但她可以帮着做家务。although和though都表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,但不与but连用,故选C。once“一旦”。
5.B题意:凯特的爸爸渐渐老了。只要方便她就回家看望他。whenever“任何时候”,符合题意。because“因为”;although“尽管”;unless“除非…,如果不…”。
6.A 题意:因为天气太差了,我们今天玩得不开心。because“因为”,符合题意。though“尽管”;unless“除非…,如果不…”;till“直到”。
7.B题意:自从我们进入这所学校以来,林老师就教我们英语。since“自从…以来”,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,故选B。
8.B题意:我们学校的一个重要目标就是使我们为将来做好准备,以便我们能充满信心地迎接所有挑战。从句表示目的,故用so that“以便”引导。so far“到目前为止”,不用于引导从句; even if“即使”,引导让步状语从句;if only“要是…就好了”,引导虚拟条件状语从句。
9.D题意:如果我们不采取行动保护这些河流,它们会变得越来越脏。unless“除非…,如果不…”,符合题意。since“自从…以来”;if“如果”;until“直到”。
10.D题意:如果你在新加坡旅游,你可以说英语或汉语。f“如果”,引导条件状语从句,符合题意。whether“是否”,引导宾语从句;whatever“无论什么”,引导名词性从句或让步状语从句;where“哪里”,引导地点状语从句或名词性从句。
强化训练
1.D题意:格雷斯打算给慈善机构捐一大笔钱,尽管她也不是很富有。由 much money和 not rich enough可知,表示让步关系的though“尽管”符合题意。if“如果”;unless“除非…,如果不…”;since“自从…以来;因为”。
2.B题意:吉姆自从毕业后在这个工厂已经两年了。since引导时间状语从句,意为“自从…以来”,主句常用现在完成时,符合题意。其他三项引导时间状语从句时,主句一般不用现在完成时。
3.A 题意:你最好在度假之前先制订一个好的计划。before“在…之前”,符合题意。during“在…期间”;until“直到”;after“在…之后”。
4.A 题意:她提高声音,以便房间里的每个人都能听到她讲话。so that 意为“以便”,引导目的状语从句,符合题意。as soon as“一…就…”;no matter“无论”,后面需接连接词; even though“即使”。
5.B题意:他一听到这个消息就会立刻来这里。as soon as“一…就…”,符合题意。so“因此”;because“因为”;though“虽然”。
6.B 题意:我下车的时候看到他站在那里。when 和while都表示“当……时候”;when 引导的从句的谓语可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词,while引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词,故选B。if“如果”;because“因为”。
7.A题意:人们下车之前对司机说“谢谢”在英国很常见。before“在…之前”,符合题意。since“自从…以来”;until“直到”;unless“除非…,如果不…”。
8.B题意:她妹妹很小,不能自己穿衣服。so..that意为“如此…以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,符合题意。too.….to….意为“太…不能…”,to后面跟动词原形;such 修饰的中心词是名词;very 不与that搭配使用。
9.C 题意:“你给萨拉回电话了吗 ”“不需要了,因为今晚我们要一起开会。”because“因为”,符合题意。though“虽然”;unless“除非…,如果不…”;i“如果;是否”。
10.C 题意:李雷直到昨天下午看了才知道这个电影。主句中的否定词 little 起到了 not 的作用,与until 一起构成 not..until..,意为“直到…才…”。
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