Unit 1 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习
(重点知识全覆盖)
基础达标
重点单词变形
1. adj. 十几岁的(指 13 岁至 19 岁)；青少年的→ n. (13 岁至 19 岁之间的)青少年 2. quit vi. & vt. 停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)→过去式 →过去分词
3. n. 志愿者→ adj. 自愿的；志愿的
4. vt. 较喜欢→ n. 喜爱；偏爱
5. n. 动作；运动；活动→ vt.&vi. 移动；活动；搬动
6. adj. 合适的；适用的→ vt. 适合
7. adv. 事实上；的确→actual adj. 实际的
8. n ．挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战→ adj. 有挑战性的
9. vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑→ adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的→ adj. 糊
涂的；迷惑的
10. adj. (尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→ adv. 流利地→ n ．流利；流畅
11. vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生→ n ．毕业
12. vt. 建议；推荐；介绍→ n. 推荐；建议
13. n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进→ adj. 高级的；高等
的；先进的
14. adv.显然；明显地→ adj. 明显的
15. adj. 负责的；有责任的→ n. 责任；义务
16. n. 解决办法；答案→ vt.解决
17. n ．行为；举止→ vi. 表现；举止规矩； (使)表现得体
18. vt. 吸引；引起…… 的注意(或兴趣)→ adj.迷人的；有吸引力的→
n. 吸引；吸引力；有吸引力的事物
19. vi. & vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n. 中心；重点；焦点→
adj.注意力集中的
20. n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→ adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的
重点词组
1. 打扫(或清除)干净 6. 习惯于；适应
2. 对……适合的 7. 分发
3. 考虑 8. 对…… 负责
4. 独自地 9. 跟上
5. 报名(参加课程) 10. 集中；特别关注
11. 对……很入迷
12. 喜爱
13. 参加选拔
14. 玩得开心
15. 与此同时
16. 鼓励某人做某事
17. 落后
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
18. prefer...to...
19. be prepared for
20. make a good decision
21. in a good order
22. the number of
23. out of school
24. make a fire
25. learn about
1 ．The boy is so naughty that it is hard for him to focus his lessons.
2 ．The teacher asked me to think of a better solution the problem.
3 ．He said that he (volunteer) to teach kids in the orphanage after he graduated from university.
4 ．The department denies (responsible)for what occurred.
5．Great as Newton was, many of his ideas (challenge) today and are being modified by the scientists of today.
6 ．He had been a (talent) musician in his (young).
7 ．The child’s Internet (addict) made him not concentrate on his studies at all.
8 ．Modern farmers have to have a basic understanding of computers in order to use the (advance) technology
to run their farms.
9 ．I became a teacher because I preferred books and people politics.
10 ．For the years that followed he focused his attention his goal of one day walking again.
11 ． (actual), it would be much more sensible to do it later.
12 ． (obvious), the students should get well prepared for their future.
13 ．But family (expert) warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.
14 ．He is an adult now and should be (responsibility) for what he does.
15 ．They may hate what he does but their (survive) depends on him.
16 ．The (confuse) contents of the new book made me doubt its quality.
17 ．Therefore, you are the most (suit) person, I suppose.
18 ．Although he was so stubborn,I persuaded him to quit (smoke) at last.
19 ．The (edit) told me that he would issue my recent poems in about a month's time.
20．During the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, (volunteer) tried their best to make sure that everything went
well and won high praise from athletes.
21 ．There was a sudden (move) in the grass.
22 ．You see, Mr Rochester clearly (prefer) her to any of the other ladies.
23 ．Parents should let their kids know that listening to others is polite (behave).
24 ．They have kept in contact with each other since (graduate) from college.
25 ．I come here just to tell you something about the visit to the college scheduled tomorrow. 26 ．Though brought up in the US, I would choose Chinese food in (prefer) to western food.
27 ．From his look, I can say this is a situation for him. (confuse)
28 ．It is difficult the problem because no one can think of effective . (solve)
29 ．To avoid (attract) unwelcome attention he kept his voice down.
30 ．Giving a speech in front of the whole class can be (challenge).
31 ．He recommended (read) the book before seeing the movie yesterday.
32 ．Andy is content the toy. It is the best he has ever got.
33 ．A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that’s why I recommend the trip you.
34 ．I want to become volunteer to spread Chinese culture.
35 ．Mary speaks Chinese while her brother speaks Japanese .(fluent)
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
36 ．No matter how rich we are, we just need food and water for (生存).
37 ．Many Chinese college students (志愿) to be a teacher in the remote and poor areas.
38 ．Mr. Wang is the chief editor of the magazine and every day, he follows a busy (日程表).
39 ．Some (专家) think that language learning is much easier for children.
40 ．John Snow wanted to face the (挑战) and solve this problem.
41 ．After he (辞去) the job, he opened a company in his hometown.
42 ．There is no simple (解决方法) to the problem of overpopulation.
43 ． (明显地), the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animals.
44 ．I strongly (建议，推荐) that every child be offered a chance to experience hard life, which is good
for their character building.
45 ．AI has become a hot (话题) nowadays.
46 ．In my (青年时期) my ambition had been to be an inventor.
47 ．It is known that we should shoulder (责任) to promote traditional Chinese culture.
48 ．Adam is a (一年级新生) at senior high school.
49 ．We need more money if we are to make any further (进步) in this area of science.
50 ．Mr Wang has been awarded the (头衔) of “Advanced Worker” .
三、汉译英（整句）
51 ．他接受了朋友提出的游过河去的挑战。 (challenge)
52 ．去年仅 30 名学生毕业于中文专业。 (graduate)
53 ．迈克负责设计整个项目。 (responsible)
54 ．我正在考虑报一个舞蹈课程。 (sign up)
55 ．人们强烈建议每天检查机器。 (recommend)
能力提升
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the first day of my senior high ，I 56 (wake) up early and got to my new school, eager to get to know it. During my 57 (explore), I met a white-haired man, who later turned out to be my English teacher. In my
first class, our English teacher asked us to introduce 58 (we) one by one, and he went first. But I was too
nervous 59 (pay) attention, 60 (wonder) how I could make a good first impression. I was organizing my words 61 my turn came. Hearing my self-introduction, everyone in my class started laughing. I looked at them in panic. However, my teacher said, “Nice to know we share the same name.” Although I got 62
(embarrass), his words made me a lot more relaxed.
Then, Mr Meng explained that at senior high we are going to face some challenges, which might sometimes put us
under 63 (press). But it all depends on 64 we do. Finally, he told us to keep calm and be prepared
so as to make 65 most of the time at senior high.Unit 1 重点单词，短语，句型，语法练习
(重点知识全覆盖)
基础达标
重点单词变形
1. teenage adj. 十几岁的(指 13 岁至 19 岁)；青少年的→teenager n. (13 岁至 19 岁之间的)青少年
2. quit vi. & vt. 停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)→过去式 quit→过去分词 quit
3. volunteer n. 志愿者→voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的
4. prefer vt. 较喜欢→preference n. 喜爱；偏爱
5. movement n. 动作；运动；活动→move vt.&vi. 移动；活动；搬动
6. suitable adj. 合适的；适用的→suit vt. 适合
7. actually adv. 事实上；的确→actual adj. 实际的
8. challenge n ．挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战→challenging adj. 有挑战性的
9. confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的→confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的
10. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluently adv. 流利地→fluency n ．流利；流畅
11. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生→graduation n ．毕业
12. recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍→recommendation n. 推荐；建议
13. advance n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进→advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的
14. obviously adv.显然；明显地→obvious adj. 明显的
15. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的→responsibility n. 责任；义务
16. solution n. 解决办法；答案→solve vt.解决
17. behaviour n ．行为；举止→behave vi. 表现；举止规矩； (使)表现得体
18. attract vt. 吸引；引起 …… 的注意(或兴趣)→attractive adj.迷人的；有吸引力的→attraction n. 吸引；吸引力；
有吸引力的事物
19. focus vi. & vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n. 中心；重点；焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的
20. addict n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的
重点词组
1. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9. keep up with 跟上
2. be suitable for 对……适合的 10. focus on 集中；特别关注
3. think about 考虑 11. be addicted to 对……很入迷
4. on one's own 独自地 12. be attracted to 喜爱
5. sign up (for sth.) 报名(参加课程) 13. try out for 参加选拔
6. get used to 习惯于；适应 14. have fun 玩得开心
7. hand out 分发 15. at the same time 与此同时
8. be responsible for 对…… 负责 16. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
17. behind schedule 落后
18. prefer...to... 喜欢…… 多于……
19. be prepared for 为……做准备
20. make a good decision 做出一个好的决定
21. in a good order 井然有序
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
22. the number of …… 的数量
23. out of school 辍学
24. make a fire 生火
25. learn about 了解
1 ．The boy is so naughty that it is hard for him to focus his lessons.
2 ．The teacher asked me to think of a better solution the problem.
3 ．He said that he (volunteer) to teach kids in the orphanage after he graduated from university.
4 ．The department denies (responsible)for what occurred.
5．Great as Newton was, many of his ideas (challenge) today and are being modified by the scientists of today.
6 ．He had been a (talent) musician in his (young).
7 ．The child’s Internet (addict) made him not concentrate on his studies at all.
8 ．Modern farmers have to have a basic understanding of computers in order to use the (advance) technology
to run their farms.
9 ．I became a teacher because I preferred books and people politics.
10 ．For the years that followed he focused his attention his goal of one day walking again.
11 ． (actual), it would be much more sensible to do it later.
12 ． (obvious), the students should get well prepared for their future.
13 ．But family (expert) warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.
14 ．He is an adult now and should be (responsibility) for what he does.
15 ．They may hate what he does but their (survive) depends on him.
16 ．The (confuse) contents of the new book made me doubt its quality.
17 ．Therefore, you are the most (suit) person, I suppose.
18 ．Although he was so stubborn,I persuaded him to quit (smoke) at last.
19 ．The (edit) told me that he would issue my recent poems in about a month's time.
20．During the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, (volunteer) tried their best to make sure that everything went
well and won high praise from athletes.
21 ．There was a sudden (move) in the grass.
22 ．You see, Mr Rochester clearly (prefer) her to any of the other ladies.
23 ．Parents should let their kids know that listening to others is polite (behave).
24 ．They have kept in contact with each other since (graduate) from college.
25 ．I come here just to tell you something about the visit to the college scheduled tomorrow. 26 ．Though brought up in the US, I would choose Chinese food in (prefer) to western food.
27 ．From his look, I can say this is a situation for him. (confuse)
28 ．It is difficult the problem because no one can think of effective . (solve)
29 ．To avoid (attract) unwelcome attention he kept his voice down.
30 ．Giving a speech in front of the whole class can be (challenge).
31 ．He recommended (read) the book before seeing the movie yesterday.
32 ．Andy is content the toy. It is the best he has ever got.
33 ．A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that’s why I recommend the trip you.
34 ．I want to become volunteer to spread Chinese culture.
35 ．Mary speaks Chinese while her brother speaks Japanese .(fluent)
1 ．on
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个男孩太调皮了，以至于他很难集中注意力上课。 focus on 表示“集中精力” ，故填
on 。
2 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：老师让我想一个解决这个问题的更好的办法。 a solution to the problem 意为“ 问题的
解决方案” ，此处 to 为介词。故填 to。
3 ．would volunteer
【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他大学毕业后会志愿去孤儿院教孩子们。根据宾语从句的动作在当时尚未发生， 所以从句时态应该是将来时， 再考虑主句时态 said 为一般过去时， 所以宾语从句的时态最终确定为过去将来时。
根据句意，故填 would volunteer。
4 ．responsibility
【详解】考查名词。句意：该部门否认对所发生的事情负责。分析句子可知，由空前 denies 为动词可知，此处
为名词形式，作句子的宾语成分。故填 responsibility。
5 ．have been challenged
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管牛顿是伟大的，但他的许多思想在今天受到了挑战，并正 在被今天的科学家们修改。根据“are being modified by the scientists of today”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对 现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为 many of his ideas，和 challenge 是被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为
复数名词，助动词用 have。故填 have been challenged。
6 ． talented youth
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：他年轻时是个有天赋的音乐家。第一空使用 talent 的形容词 talented 作定语，
修饰名词；第二空使用 young 的名词 youth 作宾语。故填 talented；youth。
7 ．addiction
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个孩子的网瘾使他根本无法集中精力学习。分析句子并结合“The”可知，空处应填
名词形式作主语， addiction 上瘾，不可数名词，故填 addiction。
8 ．advanced
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现代农民必须对计算机有一个基本的了解，以便使用先进的技术来经营他们的农 场。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应该用 advance 的形容词形式
advanced 意为“先进的” 。故填 advanced。
9 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：我之所以成为一名教师，是因为比起政治，我更喜欢书和人。 prefer...to...(比起…… 来还是……好)为固定短语， to 为介词。结合上下文可知，该空处填 to ，与前面的 preferred 搭配使用， politics
做 to 的宾语。故答案为 to。
10 ．on/upon
【详解】考查介词。句意：在接下来的几年里，他把注意力集中在有一天能再次行走的目标上。根据句意及所
给句子可知，此处是固定搭配 focus...on/upon“集中精力在……上” 。故填 on 或 upon。
11 ．Actually
【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，以后再做会明智得多。此处修饰后面的句子，应用副词 actually，作状语，
空格位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Actually。
12 ．Obviously
【详解】考查副词。句意：很明显，学生们应该为自己的未来做好充分的准备。应填副词作状语修饰后面的句
子，空格位于句首，故填 Obviously。
13 ．experts
【详解】考查名词。句意：但家庭专家警告说，新的平等也会导致对父母的尊重减少。分析句子，设空处使用
名词作主语，此处表示复数意义。故填 experts。
14 ．responsible
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他现在是成年人了， 应该对自己的行为负责。分析句子可知， 此处为动词短语 be
responsible for“对…… 负责” ，满足句意要求。故填 responsible。
15 ．survival
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们可能讨厌他的所作所为，但他们的生存取决于他。 their 后接名词 survival，意为
“生存” ，为不可数名词，作主语。故填 survival。
16 ．confusing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本新书令人困惑的内容使我怀疑它的质量。修饰后文名词 contents 应用-ing 结
尾形容词 confusing，意为“令人困惑的” ，作定语。故填 confusing。
17 ．suitable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：因此，我认为你是最合适的人选。 the most 与 person 之间应用形容词 suitable，意
为“合适的” ，为名词 person 的前置定语。故填 suitable。
18 ．smoking
【详解】考查动名词。句意：尽管他很固执，我还是说服他戒烟了。此处考查 quit doing，意为“放弃做 … …”，
设空处应用动名词，作 quit 的宾语。故填 smoking。
19 ．editor
【详解】考查名词。句意：编辑告诉我，他将在大约一个月的时间内发表我最近的诗。根据句意以及空前定冠
词 the 可知，此处为表示“编辑” 的名词 editor 作主语，满足句意要求。故填 editor。
20 ．volunteers
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在北京 2022 年冬奥会期间，志愿者们尽最大努力确保一切进展顺利，得到了运
动员们的高度赞扬。 volunteer 作“志愿者”讲时是可数名词，因其前没有限定词，且此处表示复数概念。故填
volunteers。
21 ．movement
【详解】考查名词。句意：草丛里突然有什么东西动了一下。根据 a sudden 可知此处应用名词作主语。 move 是
动词，其名词是 movement ，由 a 可知，应用单数，故填 movement 。.
22 ．prefers
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你看，罗切斯特先生显然喜欢她胜过其他女士。根据 You see可知，句子陈述
目前的事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填 prefers。
23 ．behaviour
【详解】考查名词。句意：父母应该让他们的孩子知道，听别人说话是礼貌的行为。根据句意及所给句子可知，
此处应用名词 behaviour 或 behavior“行为” ，作表语，不可数名词。故填 behaviour 或 behavior。
24 ．graduation/graduating
【详解】考查名词/动名词。句意：自从大学毕业以来，他们一直保持着联系。此处既可以用名词 graduation 作
宾语，为不可数名词，也可用动名词 graduating 作宾语，故填 graduation/graduating。
25 ．for
【详解】考查介词。句意：我来这里只是为了告诉你定于明天去参观那所大学的事情。(be) scheduled for 表示“定
于,安排在 ……(时间)”。根据句意，故填 for。
26 ．preference
【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然在美国长大， 我还是会选择中餐而不是西餐。in preference to优先于。根据句意，
故填 preference。
27 ． confused confusing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：从他困惑的表情来看，我可以说这对他来说是一个困惑的情况。 一般来讲，以 ed 结尾的形容词修饰人或与人有关的事物，故空 1 用 confused，意为“ 困惑的” ，作名词 look 的定语；以 ing 结尾 的形容词修饰事物，故空 2 用 confusing，意为“令人困惑的” ，作定语，修饰名词 situation。故填：①confused；
②confusing。
28 ． to solve solutions
【详解】考查固定句型和名词的数。句意：这个问题很难解决，因为没有人能想到有效的解决方法。分析句子 结构和意思可知，第一个空考查固定句型 It is+形容词+to do sth. ，意为“做某事是... 的” ，it 是形式主语，后面的 动词不定式短语是真正的主语；第二个空考查 solve 对应的名词 solution 的复数形式，表示泛指。故填 to solve
和 solutions。
29 ．attracting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免引起不受欢迎的注意，他压低了声音。动词 avoid 后般接动名词，
作宾语。故填 attracting。
30 ．challenging
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在全班同学面前做演讲是很有挑战性的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形
容词 challenging，作表语，意为“具有挑战性的” 。故填 challenging。
31 ．reading
【详解】考查动名词。句意：昨天他建议在看电影之前先看这本书。分析句子可知， 此处涉及固定搭配 recommend
doing sth.表示“建议做某事” ，所以空处应填动名词 reading 作宾语，表示“ 阅读” 。故填 reading。
32 ．with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：安迪对这个玩具很满意，这是他所得到的最好的东西。 be content with 表示
“对……满意” ，故填 with。
33 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：长江沿岸有许多旅游景点，这就是我向你推荐这次旅行的原因。 recommend sth. to
sb.是固定短语，意为“ 向某人推荐某物” ，因此空格处是介词 to ，故填 to。
34 ．a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：我想成为一名志愿者，传播中国文化。此处要用不定冠词修饰名词 volunteer，且
volunteer/ v l n t r/ 开头是以辅音音素发音，因此要用 a 。故填 a。
35 ． fluent fluently
【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：Mary 讲一口流利的汉语，而她哥哥讲一口流利的日语。第一空修饰后文名 词 Chinese，应用形容词 fluent，表示“流利的汉语”；第二空修饰动词 speak，应用副词 fluently，表示“流利地说
日语” 。故填①fluent；②fluently。
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
36 ．No matter how rich we are, we just need food and water for (生存).
37 ．Many Chinese college students (志愿) to be a teacher in the remote and poor areas.
38 ．Mr. Wang is the chief editor of the magazine and every day, he follows a busy (日程表).
39 ．Some (专家) think that language learning is much easier for children.
40 ．John Snow wanted to face the (挑战) and solve this problem.
41 ．After he (辞去) the job, he opened a company in his hometown.
42 ．There is no simple (解决方法) to the problem of overpopulation.
43 ． (明显地), the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animals.
44 ．I strongly (建议，推荐) that every child be offered a chance to experience hard life, which is good
for their character building.
45 ．AI has become a hot (话题) nowadays.
46 ．In my (青年时期) my ambition had been to be an inventor.
47 ．It is known that we should shoulder (责任) to promote traditional Chinese culture.
48 ．Adam is a (一年级新生) at senior high school.
49 ．We need more money if we are to make any further (进步) in this area of science.
50 ．Mr Wang has been awarded the (头衔) of “Advanced Worker” .
36 ．survival
【详解】考查名词。句意：无论我们多么富有，我们只需要食物和水来维持生存。根据汉语提示可知，此处用
名词 survival 作宾语表示“生存”符合语境。故填 survival。
37 ．volunteer
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多中国大学生自愿在偏远和贫困地区当教师。设空处为谓语动词，根据语境应用
一般现在时，主语 Many Chinese college students，谓语是复数形式，根据汉语意思，故填 volunteer。
38 ．schedule
【详解】考查名词。句意：王先生是该杂志的主编，每天都很忙。根据括号内词义，“ 日程表”可译为 schedule，
分析句子，结合冠词 a 可知，设空处应用名词单数形式。故填 schedule。
39 ．experts
【详解】考查名词。句意： 一些专家认为，语言学习对小孩来说更容易。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用名
词 expert“专家”作主语，且空前有 some ，故应用名词的复数形式，故填 experts。
40 ．challenge
【详解】考查名词。句意：约翰 · 斯诺想面对挑战，解决这个问题。根据汉语提示“挑战”可知应填名词
challenge，作宾语。此处为特指应用单数形式。故填 challenge。
41 ．quitted/quit
【详解】考查动词。句意：辞职后，他在家乡开了一家公司。根据汉语提示及后文 opened 可知，此处可用动词
quit 的过去式 quitted 或 quit 作谓语，用一般过去时描述过去发生的事情。故填 quitted/quit。
42 ．solution
【详解】考查名词。句意：人口过剩问题没有简单的解决办法。根据汉语提示可知应用名词 solution，作主语，
结合 is，用单数形式，短语 solution to the problem 表示“ 问题的解决办法” 。故填 solution。
43 ．Obviously/Apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意：很明显，说话的能力是人类区别于动物的地方。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副
词 obviously/apparently adv.“显而易见地，明显地”作状语，满足句意要求。故填 Obviously/Apparently。
44 ．recommend/suggest/advise
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我强烈建议给每个孩子经历艰难生活的机会， 这对他们的性格塑造有好处。 “建 议，推荐”是句中谓语， 用动词 recommend/suggest/advise，与主语 I 之间是主动关系， 结合句意和从句时态可知，
用一般现在时态。故填 recommend/suggest/advise。
45 ．topic
【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，人工智能已经成为一个热门话题。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以 空处应填名词作表语，根据所给中文提示词，应是 topic 意为“话题” ，根据空前的 a ，可知用单数。故填 topic。
46 ．youth
【详解】考查名词。句意：我年轻时的志向是当一名发明家。 “青年时期”是 youth，作宾语，是不可数名词。故
填 youth。
47 ．responsibility
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，我们应该肩负起弘扬中国传统文化的责任。分析句意再根据汉语提示可
知，此处用名词 responsibility 作宾语表示“ 责任” 。故填 responsibility。
48 ．freshman
【详解】考查名词。句意：亚当是一名高一学生。分析句子， 设空处使用名词单数形式作表语， freshman 意为“一
年级新生” 。故填 freshman。
49 ．advances
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们要在这个科学领域取得进一步的进展，我们需要更多的钱。分析句子结构 可知， 此处为名词作宾语， 根据提示的汉语， 表示“进步”应为 advance 进步， 是可数名词， make advances 为固
定短语，意为“取的进步” ，所以此处应使用名词复数。故填 advances。
50 ．title
【详解】考查名词。句意：王先生被授予了 “先进工作者” 的称号。根据汉语提示“头衔”可知，此处需填名词
title，作宾语，此处特指“先进工作者” 的这一称号，应用单数。故填 title。
三、汉译英（整句）
51 ．他接受了朋友提出的游过河去的挑战。 (challenge)
52 ．去年仅 30 名学生毕业于中文专业。 (graduate)
53 ．迈克负责设计整个项目。 (responsible)
54 ．我正在考虑报一个舞蹈课程。 (sign up)
55 ．人们强烈建议每天检查机器。 (recommend)
51 ．He accepted his friend's challenge to swim across the river.
【详解】考查不定式和时态。分析可知，本句使用“主谓宾”结构，主语为 He，谓语为 accept（接受），语境表 明陈述的是过去的事情， 用一般过去时， 宾语为 his friend's challenge，不定式短语 to swim across the river（游过
河）作 challenge 的后置定语，故翻译为： He accepted his friend's challenge to swim across the river.
52 ．Only thirty students graduated in Chinese last year.
【详解】考查动词、短语及时态。分析句子可知，句子主语“仅 30 名学生”应为 only thirty students；谓语“毕业” 应为 graduate；“毕业于中文专业”应为 graduate in Chinese；时间状语“去年”应为 last year。由时间状语 last year
可知， 此句为一般过去时， 谓语动词需用过去式 graduated。故答案为 Only thirty students graduated in Chinese last
year.
53 ．Mike is responsible for designing the whole project.
【详解】考查形容词短语，非谓语和简单句。表达“ 负责某事” ，用形容词短语 be responsible for；表达“设计整 个项目” ，用动词短语 design the whole project ，the whole project 为动词 design 的宾语， design 在句中做介词 for 的宾语，要用动名词形式；根据句意，句子用一般现在时态，主语是“迈克” ，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 is。
故翻译为： Mike is responsible for designing the whole project.
【点睛】
54 ．I'm thinking of signing up for a dance course.
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“考虑做某事”应用动词短语“think of doing sth”；提示词 sign up 表示“报名” ；“舞 蹈课程”应用名词短语“dance course”，由句意“正在考虑”可知时态为现在进行时， 结合其他汉语意思， 故翻译为：
I'm thinking of signing up for a dance course.
55 ．It is strongly recommended that the machines (should) be checked every day.
【详解】考查动词/虚拟语气/主语从句。提示词 recommend 是“建议” ，表达“强烈建议”应用 strongly recommend，
且 recommend 表示“建议” 时所接从句一般应用虚拟语气，其谓语结构为:(should)do ；表示“机器”应用名词
machine，由语境可知应用复数；表示 “检查”应用动词 check，由语境可知它和主语 machines 之间是被动关系， 应用被动语态；结合其他汉语提示，本句应用 it 作形式主语代替真正的主语，即由 that 引导的主语从句“每天检
查机器”这件事，故翻译为： It is strongly recommended that the machines (should)be checked every day.
能力提升
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the first day of my senior high ，I 56 (wake) up early and got to my new school, eager to get to know it. During my 57 (explore), I met a white-haired man, who later turned out to be my English teacher. In my
first class, our English teacher asked us to introduce 58 (we) one by one, and he went first. But I was too
nervous 59 (pay) attention, 60 (wonder) how I could make a good first impression. I was organizing my words 61 my turn came. Hearing my self-introduction, everyone in my class started laughing. I looked at them in panic. However, my teacher said, “Nice to know we share the same name.” Although I got 62
(embarrass), his words made me a lot more relaxed.
Then, Mr Meng explained that at senior high we are going to face some challenges, which might sometimes put us
under 63 (press). But it all depends on 64 we do. Finally, he told us to keep calm and be prepared
so as to make 65 most of the time at senior high.
56．woke 57．exploration 58．ourselves 59．to pay 60．wondering 61．when 62．embarrassed
63 ．pressure 64 ．what 65 ．the
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者上高中的第一天的经历及老师给作者关于高中生活的建议。
56 ．考查时态。句意：在我高中的第一天， 我很早就醒了， 来到了我的新学校， 渴望了解它。由“On the first day
of my senior high”和通篇为一般过去时可知，本句为一般过去时，空格处用过去式，即 woke。故填 woke。
57 ．考查名词。句意：在我的探索期间，我遇到了一位白发老人，后来证明是我的英语老师。形容词物主代词
修饰名词，故填 exploration。
58 ．考查反身代词。句意：在我的第一节课上，我们英语老师孟先生让我们一个一个地介绍自己，他先做。根
据句意，老师是要我们做自我介绍，即介绍我们自己，结合 us 可知空格处用反身代词 ourselves。故填
ourselves。
59 ．考查不定式。句意：但我太紧张了，没能注意，想知道怎样才能给人留下良好的第一印象。 But 表转折，
因此句子是说“我太紧张了， 没能注意” ，“太……而不能 ……”为固定短语 too…to… ，用不定式作结果状语， 故
填 to pay。
60 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：但我太紧张了，没有注意，想知道怎样才能给人留下良好的第一印象。分析句子
可知， wonder 用非谓语动词形式作状语， wonder 与逻辑主语 I 是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填
wondering。
61 ．考查连词。句意：我正在组织我的语言这时候轮到我了。 be doing sth.when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某
事，这时候 ……”，根据句意，故填 when。
62 ．考查形容词。句意：虽然我感到很尴尬，但他的话让我轻松多了。 got 为系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，修
饰主语 I 应用-ed 结尾的形容词，即 embarrassed，意为“尴尬的” ，说明主语的感受，故填 embarrassed。
63 ．考查名词。句意：然后，孟老师解释说，在高中，我们将面临一些挑战，这可能有时候会给我们带来压力。
under pressure 是固定搭配，意为“面临压力；受到压力” 。介词后接名词作宾语，故填 pressure。
64 ．考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：这完全取决于我们做什么。 depended on 后为宾语从句，从句中缺少 do 的
宾语，且指代事情，因此空格处用引导词 what，故填 what。
65．考查冠词。句意：最后， 他告诉我们要保持冷静， 做好准备， 以便充分利用高中的时间。make the most of“充
分利用”是固定短语，故填 the。
