高考短文改错讲解剖析
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高考短文改错讲解剖析
一、短文改错考点分布和试题设计
（一）词法的考点及试题设计
1． 冠词：试题设计往往涉及冠词的漏用或多用，定冠词和不定冠词的误用，以及a和an的误用
2． 名词：试题设计主要是可数名词与不可数名词概念的混淆，名词单复数形式的误用以及名词所有格。
3． 动词和非谓语动词：试题设计主要涉及动词的时态、语态、语气、情态动词的误用，动词的谓语与非谓语动词之间的误用，非谓语动词形式的误用。www-2-1-cnjy-com
4． 代词：试题设计主要涉及代词的格与数的误用，如男性与女性代词的错位，单数与复数代词的误用，形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的误用等。【版权所有：21教育】
5． 介词：试题设计主要涉及介词的误用、缺少或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多余。常见的如in与on, to与for, instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。21教育名师原创作品
6． 连词：试题设计主要涉及并列连词、从属连词的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )误用，如or与and，and与but, so与but的误用,以及because/since与so连用，though与but连用等。
7． 形容词、副词：试题设计主要涉及形容词和副词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的原级、比较级与最高级的误用，以及形容词和副词的误用。如用形容词做状语，用副词做定语或表语， 或形容词如excited和exciting的误用。
8． 固定搭配和习惯用法。
（二）句法的考点
1．主谓一致：试题设计主要涉及主谓语在数上的一致。
2．名词性从句：试题设计主要涉及引导名词性从句关联词that, what, who, whoever, how等的混淆、缺失或多余。21世纪教育网版权所有
3．定语从句：试题设计主要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )涉及引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词which, that, who, whom, when, where, why等的混淆、缺失或多余。21*cnjy*com
4．强调句型：试题设计主要涉及强调句型It is/was…that/who…中that/who的缺失或误用。
5．句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性
（三）语篇的考点
1．上下文中的时态是否一致
2．上下文中的代词是否一致
3．上下文中的逻辑是否一致
4．上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。
二、三年真题
（2011浙江）
I was playing at my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I’d done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
（2010浙江）
After shopping, M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other and I went to a restaurant for lunch. I notice Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman and young couple. They are silently, and it was clearly that things were not going well. As we left, Mother stopped on their table. “Excuse me,” she said, put her arm around the unhappy old woman. “You remind me so many of my mother. May I hug ”(拥抱) you ” The woman smiled happily as she accepted to it. After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So I didn’t think she looked like Grandma.” “Neither did me.” said Mother cheerfully.
（2009浙江）
One rainy day whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else. It was a lesson to us that it possible give without expect anything in return.
三、解题策略指导
（一）三步解题法
第一步：改前通读，强化语篇整体意识
通读全文，弄清原文大意，注意文章上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
以2011浙江卷短文改错为例，此句“I pu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t into my pocket when he wasn’t looking.”需要结合前两句“Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted.”才能了解put之后要添加的代词为it,指代toy此句“She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.”需要通读全文才能判断时态为过去时，而ever用在该句语法没错，但句意大错，这都需要有上下文的语境才能作出判断。
第二步：改中细读，注意语法词汇错误
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，聚焦出题热点，综合运用所学语言知识，分析判断，改词、加词或减词。
2011年的浙江卷短文改错 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考查了名词所有格、形容词比较级、副词、enjoy的宾语搭配、or的平行结构、习语搭配in particular和later on，这些都需要以句为单位，读完整个句子，仔细分析，才能发现错误，纠正错误。
第三步：改后复读，纠正失误减少差错
做完短文改错后将答案放回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原文，再重读一遍，其目的是查看有无不合逻辑，不符习惯，语句不通畅之处。改后复读，往往会发现那些在通读与细读中不曾发现的问题或作出的误改。21cnjy.com
（二）失分应对法
【失分归纳点一】
很多考生对英语的基本词性不明，从而导致 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对各种词的混用、漏用、多用或乱用等。比如：混淆名词的可数名词与不可数名词概念；名词单复数形式的误用；漏用或多用冠词；错用、误用代词；混淆形容词与副词比较级；误用现在分词和过去分词；误用不及物动词和及物动词；对介词或连词等搭配不明（特别是固定搭配）等等。
【例1】Find this important to preview the lesson
此处this应该改成it，因为it在这里是充当形式宾语，真正的宾语是to preview the lesson。
【例2】……in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.
这里是表示“对……感兴趣”，应该用interest的过去分词形式，所以interesting应该改成interested。
【应对策略一】 掌握基本语法，认真仔细答题
从历年短文改错试题来看，对词类的错误考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查是一个重点。所以考生要特别注意短文改错题错误设置的隐性规律，那就是虚词以设置增减词试题居多；实词以设置改变形式的试题居多。比如冠词、介词、连词等属于虚词，增减之后一般不会大力度改变原意，因此容易设置增减词错误；而名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词的设置常常出现改变词形的题目。
【失分归纳点二】
对句子结构的考查，是短文改 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )错中的另外一个重点。很多考生混淆不同的句型，比如主谓一致结构（这类错误常被设计在句型较为复杂的结构中）；省略句型；倒装句结构；另外还有三大从句（定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的连接词）等。2·1·c·n·j·y
【例3】Earning their ow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n money allow them to spend on anything as they please.
根据主谓一致原则，这里应该把allow改成allows，因为句子的主语是动名词词组Earning their own money。
【例4】The book what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many students found interesting was written by a famous American scientist last month.
这里many students fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd interesting是修饰The book的定语从句，所以应该用that来引导，所以可以把what去掉或者改成that。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【应对策略二】 钻研句子结构，弄清主要成分
每年的短文改错试题都会涉及到句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，特别是句型的考查。所以在平时，考生熟练掌握英语句子的基本句式和一些重要句型是分清句子成分的主要手段。要分清主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语和状语等6种基本句子要素是解题的关键所在。
【失分归纳点三】
很多考生短文改错做得不好的另外一个重要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原因，在于考生不是非常了解短文改错的设题原则，从而在改错时出现一个词改成了两个，或者删除了两个词，亦或把名词改成了介词等等错误。
【例5】Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us go.
us后面省掉from，因此go应改为goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng。但有些考生将go改为from going，虽然语法正确，但因为违背了“只改一词”的原则而不能得分。
【例6】Are the years you spent at school best years of your life
这里best是形容词最高级作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定语，所以前面应加the。但不少考生将best改成为good，因为它没有尽可能尊重原意，所以虽然语法正确却也不能得分。
【应对策略三】 遵循改错原则，符合解题规范
根据高考英语考试说明，高考英语短文改错 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题错误的改正必须遵循两个原则：1、尽可能少改动：改正错误时考生只能在一行中增加一词、减少一词或改动一词。如果不了解或不重视这一原则，必然会造成改对但不得分的遗憾现象。2、尽可能维持原意：一些短文改错的试题乍一看好像不只一种改法，实际上根据“最大限度维持原意”的原则却只有一种正确改法。不了解或不尊重这一原则，考生可能会造成意外失分。www.21-cn-jy.com
【失分归纳点四】
考生在写作和改错的过程中往往只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )重视词块和分句的准确，却忽略了对整句的理解和衔接。而很多短文改错题常将错误设置在上下文之间的连贯性，一致性上，这就使得一些基础不扎实、英语能力不强的考生落入陷阱障碍。
【例7】Most people can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.
单看词块和分句，表达都准确，但联系整句，根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行文逻辑，这里就不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when/whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。
【例8】 But to my sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )prise, when he got home, he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wore his jacket with the wallet in the pocket.
单看短语to my surprise， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wore his jacket，表达准确，但结合整句就不难看出my应改为his, wore应改为wearing做伴随状语。
【应对策略四】 坚持句为单位，提高语境得分
为检测考生根据语境逻辑发现并改正错误的能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )力，短文改错题常设置有语境题。对这样的命题特点，考生要引起特别的重视，在平时练习是学会不要以词块或分句为单位，而要以全句，有时候甚至以段为单位通读、分析上下文，从而在语境中发现错误并改正错误。21教育网
【失分归纳点五】
有时候，有些考生由于基础不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )扎实，或者由于粗心大意，忽视对句意的理解，或者对句意模棱两可，从而导致前后逻辑混乱而失分（此时可以用母语翻译法来解题）。21·世纪*教育网
【例9】Though I had d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ifficulty walking back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell any one but even refused the offer of help of my classmates.
根据母语翻译法，but应改为and来表示“而且”，强调递进式并列关系。
【例10】It fell noisil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to the floor seconds late, spreading its contents on the carpets. 21*cnjy*com
根据母语翻译法，此处表示“之后”，因此late应改为later。
【应对策略五】 利用母语翻译，巧解语义试题
短文改错是考查考生根据语境逻 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辑改正语言错误的试题，因此考生必须有较强的语境分析能力，然而绝大多数考生都没有用英语进行思维的能力。因此他们不把目光放在理解语境上，而放在试题文字上，试图找到明显的语言错误。不否认这么做也能解出部分试题，但却无法解出语境试题。针对这种情况，考生应学会用母语翻译法分析语境从而发现并改正错误。这种方法尤其适用于发现并改正代词、语态、形容词、副词错误。
四、真题演练
2011四川卷
Tom was havin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g much troubles getting up in the morning and was always late with work. .His boss wanted to fire him if he didn’t start coming on time, but he went to the doctor for a help. The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed. The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off. He had time for a properly breakfast and was still the first reach the factory. “Boss,” he said, “that medicine really works!” I’m pleasing to hear it,” said his boss, “but where did you yesterday ”
2011江苏卷
Last Sunday morning, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actor. 21·cn·jy·com
I didn’t have my came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ra with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get. Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldn’t be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there in the front of me! I couldn’t believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!2-1-c-n-j-y
2011重庆卷
Today is Sunday. I’ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been in Canada for two months .This is the first time that I’ve been away my family for such a long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I’ve soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became friends shortly after we meet each other. Although her English is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own family. We’re both surprised that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday. There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times. I just can’t wait.
2010四川卷
An English lad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y was finally decided that she really should learn to drive. And after many attempts, she past her driving test and told her husband that，to release, he was going to drive himself over to France for a holiday. But then a week after the trip, she suddenly announced that they wouldn’t take the holiday. “How did you change your mind ” he asked her by surprise. “Well, it is all because of the business of driving on right.” She said, “I have been practicing for three weeks now, but I still couldn’t get used to it-in fact, I’ve nearly killed three peoples.”
2010重庆卷
Here is my idea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. What’s more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.【出处：21教育名师】
2010全国卷II
Christie was one of my best friend at high school. At that time, we often spend time together. Thank to her help, I made great progress in my study. Last year, she decided to study abroad. On other words, we would be separated long time. Before her leaving off, I prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. She said it was the best gift she has ever had. From then on, we’ ve kept touch with each other through e-mails. I look forward to see her again in the near future.
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高考短文改错讲解剖析
一、短文改错考点分布和试题设计
（一）词法的考点及试题设计
1． 冠词：试题设计往往涉及冠词的漏用或多用，定冠词和不定冠词的误用，以及a和an的误用
2． 名词：试题设计主要是可数名词与不可数名词概念的混淆，名词单复数形式的误用以及名词所有格。
3． 动词和非谓语动词：试题设计主要涉及动词的时态、语态、语气、情态动词的误用，动词的谓语与非谓语动词之间的误用，非谓语动词形式的误用。www-2-1-cnjy-com
4． 代词：试题设计主要涉及代词的格与数的误用，如男性与女性代词的错位，单数与复数代词的误用，形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的误用等。【版权所有：21教育】
5． 介词：试题设计主要涉及介词的误用、缺少或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )多余。常见的如in与on, to与for, instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。21教育名师原创作品
6． 连词：试题设计主要涉及并列连词、从属连词的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )误用，如or与and，and与but, so与but的误用,以及because/since与so连用，though与but连用等。
7． 形容词、副词：试题设计主要涉及形容词和副词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的原级、比较级与最高级的误用，以及形容词和副词的误用。如用形容词做状语，用副词做定语或表语， 或形容词如excited和exciting的误用。
8． 固定搭配和习惯用法。
（二）句法的考点
1．主谓一致：试题设计主要涉及主谓语在数上的一致。
2．名词性从句：试题设计主要涉及引导名词性从句关联词that, what, who, whoever, how等的混淆、缺失或多余。21世纪教育网版权所有
3．定语从句：试题设计主要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )涉及引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词which, that, who, whom, when, where, why等的混淆、缺失或多余。21*cnjy*com
4．强调句型：试题设计主要涉及强调句型It is/was…that/who…中that/who的缺失或误用。
5．句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性
（三）语篇的考点
1．上下文中的时态是否一致
2．上下文中的代词是否一致
3．上下文中的逻辑是否一致
4．上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。
二、三年真题
（2011浙江）
I was playing at my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I’d done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
（2010浙江）
After shopping, M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other and I went to a restaurant for lunch. I notice Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman and young couple. They are silently, and it was clearly that things were not going well. As we left, Mother stopped on their table. “Excuse me,” she said, put her arm around the unhappy old woman. “You remind me so many of my mother. May I hug ”(拥抱) you ” The woman smiled happily as she accepted to it. After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So I didn’t think she looked like Grandma.” “Neither did me.” said Mother cheerfully.
（2009浙江）
One rainy day whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides us. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn’t believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else. It was a lesson to us that it possible give without expect anything in return.
三、解题策略指导
（一）三步解题法
第一步：改前通读，强化语篇整体意识
通读全文，弄清原文大意，注意文章上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
以2011浙江卷短文改错为例，此句“I pu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t into my pocket when he wasn’t looking.”需要结合前两句“Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted.”才能了解put之后要添加的代词为it,指代toy此句“She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.”需要通读全文才能判断时态为过去时，而ever用在该句语法没错，但句意大错，这都需要有上下文的语境才能作出判断。
第二步：改中细读，注意语法词汇错误
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，聚焦出题热点，综合运用所学语言知识，分析判断，改词、加词或减词。
2011年的浙江卷短文改错 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考查了名词所有格、形容词比较级、副词、enjoy的宾语搭配、or的平行结构、习语搭配in particular和later on，这些都需要以句为单位，读完整个句子，仔细分析，才能发现错误，纠正错误。
第三步：改后复读，纠正失误减少差错
做完短文改错后将答案放回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原文，再重读一遍，其目的是查看有无不合逻辑，不符习惯，语句不通畅之处。改后复读，往往会发现那些在通读与细读中不曾发现的问题或作出的误改。21cnjy.com
（二）失分应对法
【失分归纳点一】
很多考生对英语的基本词性不明，从而导致 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对各种词的混用、漏用、多用或乱用等。比如：混淆名词的可数名词与不可数名词概念；名词单复数形式的误用；漏用或多用冠词；错用、误用代词；混淆形容词与副词比较级；误用现在分词和过去分词；误用不及物动词和及物动词；对介词或连词等搭配不明（特别是固定搭配）等等。
【例1】Find this important to preview the lesson
此处this应该改成it，因为it在这里是充当形式宾语，真正的宾语是to preview the lesson。
【例2】……in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.
这里是表示“对……感兴趣”，应该用interest的过去分词形式，所以interesting应该改成interested。
【应对策略一】 掌握基本语法，认真仔细答题
从历年短文改错试题来看，对词类的错误考 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )查是一个重点。所以考生要特别注意短文改错题错误设置的隐性规律，那就是虚词以设置增减词试题居多；实词以设置改变形式的试题居多。比如冠词、介词、连词等属于虚词，增减之后一般不会大力度改变原意，因此容易设置增减词错误；而名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词的设置常常出现改变词形的题目。
【失分归纳点二】
对句子结构的考查，是短文改 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )错中的另外一个重点。很多考生混淆不同的句型，比如主谓一致结构（这类错误常被设计在句型较为复杂的结构中）；省略句型；倒装句结构；另外还有三大从句（定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的连接词）等。2·1·c·n·j·y
【例3】Earning their ow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n money allow them to spend on anything as they please.
根据主谓一致原则，这里应该把allow改成allows，因为句子的主语是动名词词组Earning their own money。
【例4】The book what ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many students found interesting was written by a famous American scientist last month.
这里many students fou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd interesting是修饰The book的定语从句，所以应该用that来引导，所以可以把what去掉或者改成that。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
【应对策略二】 钻研句子结构，弄清主要成分
每年的短文改错试题都会涉及到句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，特别是句型的考查。所以在平时，考生熟练掌握英语句子的基本句式和一些重要句型是分清句子成分的主要手段。要分清主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语和状语等6种基本句子要素是解题的关键所在。
【失分归纳点三】
很多考生短文改错做得不好的另外一个重要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )原因，在于考生不是非常了解短文改错的设题原则，从而在改错时出现一个词改成了两个，或者删除了两个词，亦或把名词改成了介词等等错误。
【例5】Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us go.
us后面省掉from，因此go应改为goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng。但有些考生将go改为from going，虽然语法正确，但因为违背了“只改一词”的原则而不能得分。
【例6】Are the years you spent at school best years of your life
这里best是形容词最高级作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定语，所以前面应加the。但不少考生将best改成为good，因为它没有尽可能尊重原意，所以虽然语法正确却也不能得分。
【应对策略三】 遵循改错原则，符合解题规范
根据高考英语考试说明，高考英语短文改错 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )题错误的改正必须遵循两个原则：1、尽可能少改动：改正错误时考生只能在一行中增加一词、减少一词或改动一词。如果不了解或不重视这一原则，必然会造成改对但不得分的遗憾现象。2、尽可能维持原意：一些短文改错的试题乍一看好像不只一种改法，实际上根据“最大限度维持原意”的原则却只有一种正确改法。不了解或不尊重这一原则，考生可能会造成意外失分。www.21-cn-jy.com
【失分归纳点四】
考生在写作和改错的过程中往往只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )重视词块和分句的准确，却忽略了对整句的理解和衔接。而很多短文改错题常将错误设置在上下文之间的连贯性，一致性上，这就使得一些基础不扎实、英语能力不强的考生落入陷阱障碍。
【例7】Most people can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.
单看词块和分句，表达都准确，但联系整句，根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行文逻辑，这里就不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when/whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。
【例8】 But to my sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )prise, when he got home, he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wore his jacket with the wallet in the pocket.
单看短语to my surprise， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wore his jacket，表达准确，但结合整句就不难看出my应改为his, wore应改为wearing做伴随状语。
【应对策略四】 坚持句为单位，提高语境得分
为检测考生根据语境逻辑发现并改正错误的能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )力，短文改错题常设置有语境题。对这样的命题特点，考生要引起特别的重视，在平时练习是学会不要以词块或分句为单位，而要以全句，有时候甚至以段为单位通读、分析上下文，从而在语境中发现错误并改正错误。21教育网
【失分归纳点五】
有时候，有些考生由于基础不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )扎实，或者由于粗心大意，忽视对句意的理解，或者对句意模棱两可，从而导致前后逻辑混乱而失分（此时可以用母语翻译法来解题）。21·世纪*教育网
【例9】Though I had d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ifficulty walking back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell any one but even refused the offer of help of my classmates.
根据母语翻译法，but应改为and来表示“而且”，强调递进式并列关系。
【例10】It fell noisil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to the floor seconds late, spreading its contents on the carpets. 21*cnjy*com
根据母语翻译法，此处表示“之后”，因此late应改为later。
【应对策略五】 利用母语翻译，巧解语义试题
短文改错是考查考生根据语境逻 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )辑改正语言错误的试题，因此考生必须有较强的语境分析能力，然而绝大多数考生都没有用英语进行思维的能力。因此他们不把目光放在理解语境上，而放在试题文字上，试图找到明显的语言错误。不否认这么做也能解出部分试题，但却无法解出语境试题。针对这种情况，考生应学会用母语翻译法分析语境从而发现并改正错误。这种方法尤其适用于发现并改正代词、语态、形容词、副词错误。
四、真题演练
2011四川卷
Tom was havin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g much troubles getting up in the morning and was always late with work. .His boss wanted to fire him if he didn’t start coming on time, but he went to the doctor for a help. The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed. The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off. He had time for a properly breakfast and was still the first reach the factory. “Boss,” he said, “that medicine really works!” I’m pleasing to hear it,” said his boss, “but where did you yesterday ”
2011江苏卷
Last Sunday morning, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actor. 21·cn·jy·com
I didn’t have my came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ra with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get. Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldn’t be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there in the front of me! I couldn’t believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!2-1-c-n-j-y
2011重庆卷
Today is Sunday. I’ve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been in Canada for two months .This is the first time that I’ve been away my family for such a long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I’ve soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became friends shortly after we meet each other. Although her English is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own family. We’re both surprised that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday. There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times. I just can’t wait.
2010四川卷
An English lad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y was finally decided that she really should learn to drive. And after many attempts, she past her driving test and told her husband that，to release, he was going to drive himself over to France for a holiday. But then a week after the trip, she suddenly announced that they wouldn’t take the holiday. “How did you change your mind ” he asked her by surprise. “Well, it is all because of the business of driving on right.” She said, “I have been practicing for three weeks now, but I still couldn’t get used to it-in fact, I’ve nearly killed three peoples.”
2010重庆卷
Here is my idea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If you tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. What’s more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.【出处：21教育名师】
2010全国卷II
Christie was one of my best friend at high school. At that time, we often spend time together. Thank to her help, I made great progress in my study. Last year, she decided to study abroad. On other words, we would be separated long time. Before her leaving off, I prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. She said it was the best gift she has ever had. From then on, we’ ve kept touch with each other through e-mails. I look forward to see her again in the near future.
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