【科学备考】2015高考英语（人教通用）二轮复习配套试题：定语从句（含2014高考试题）

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英语
1.(2014重庆,9,1分)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month______we set at the beginning of the year.
A.which ? ? ? ?B.where ? ? ? ?C.when ? ? ? ?D.what
[答案] 1.A
[解析] 1. ?句意:一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是the sales targets,关系词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以用关系代词which。故选A。
2.(2014四川,4)Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,______is quite unexpected.
A.that ? ? ? ?B.which ? ? ? ?C.who ? ? ? ?D.it
[答案] 2.B
[解析] 2.句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎我们的意料。本题考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知该空应引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,在定语从句中作主语,所以选B项。that不引导非限制性定语从句;who的先行词应是人;it不能引导定语从句。
3.(2014福建,31,1分)Students should involve themselves in community activities______they can gain experience for growth.
A.who ? ? ? ?B.when ? ? ? ?C.which ? ? ? ?D.where
[答案] 3.D
[解析] 3.句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。本题考查定语从句。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for growth in the community activities.由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语。故答案为D项。
4.(2014江西,28,1分)Among the many dangers______sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.
A.which ? ? ? ?B.what ? ? ? ?C.where ? ? ? ?D.when
[答案] 4.A
[解析] 4.句意:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中,最大的危险也许是雾。本题考查定语从句。先行词为dangers,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语,且指“物”,故答案为which。
5.(2014湖南,31,1分)I am looking forward to the day______my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A.as ? ? ? ?B.why ? ? ? ?C.when ? ? ? ?D.where
[答案] 5.C
[解析] 5.句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故选when。
6.(2014陕西,13,1分)Please send us all the information ______you have about the candidate for the position.
A.that ? ? ? ?B.which ? ? ? ?C.as ? ? ? ?D.what
[答案] 6.A
[解析] 6. 句意:请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。考查定语从句。先行词the information被all修饰,定语从句关系代词只能用that,故选择A项。
7.(2014安徽,22,1分)The exact year______Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A.when ? ? ? ?B.where ? ? ? ?C.why ? ? ? ?D.which
[答案] 7.D
[解析] 7.句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。考查定语从句。先行词是the exact year,关系词在定语从句中作spent 的宾语,故选D。
8.(2014浙江,5,0.5分)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade,______I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A.when ? ? ? ?B.where ? ? ? ?C.which ? ? ? ?D.why
[答案] 8.A
[解析] 8.句意:我直到五年级才真正成为一个攀登者,那时,我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风筝。考查定语从句。此处,先行词为fifth grade,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语,故用when。
9.(2014江苏,22,1分)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work______a good impression is a must.
A.which ? ? ? ?B.when ? ? ? ?C.as ? ? ? ?D.where
[答案] 9.D
[解析] 9. 句意:这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助,尤其是在那些必须给人留下良好印象的工作中。本题考查定语从句。关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词work,且where在从句中作地点状语。
10.(2014山东,10,1分)A company______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A.which ? ? ? ?B.whose ? ? ? ?C.who ? ? ? ?D.why
[答案] 10.B
[解析] 10.句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The company’s profits from home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故用whose引导。
11.(2014天津,12,1分)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,______uses it differently.
A.all of which
B.each of which
C.all of them
D.each of them
[答案] 11.B
[解析] 11.句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。本题考查代词和定语从句。前后两个句子之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故应为定语从句,排除C、D两项;all表示三者或三者以上都;each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个,根据cultures和uses可判断答案为B。
12.(2014北京,26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,______my classmates recommended to me.
A.who ? ? ? ?B.which ? ? ? ?C.when ? ? ? ?D.where
[答案] 12.B
[解析] 12.句意:我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书,这是我的同学推荐给我的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the book Sherlock Holmes,从句中recommended后缺少宾语成分,故用关系代词which引导。
13.（2014天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考一，6）The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _______ up to half will be from overseas.
A. in which　　　　 ? ?
B. of whom　　　　 ? ?
C. of which　　 ? ? ?
D. for whom
[答案] 13.B
[解析] 13.句意：这门课程在正常情况下每年会吸引20名学生，其中有一半的学生来自国外。考查定语从句。该非限制性定语从句修饰先行词20 students，排除A、C两项；根据语境可知此处表达“在……中” ，应该用介词of，所以答案为B项。
14.（2014重庆市重庆一中高三下学期第一次月考，33）Being such a selfish man _____ no one liked, he could hardly find a person to celebrate his success.
A. what ? ?　　???
B. as ? ? ? ?　　??? ???????
C. that ? ? ? ?　　????????????
D. which
[答案] 14.B
[解析] 14.句意：因为自己是那么一个自私的人，所以他几乎找不到一个和他一起庆祝自己成功的人。空格处引导的是定语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，应该用关系代词，由于先行词前有such修饰，关系代词只能用as。 此处不是such……that……引导的结果状语从句。
15.（2014江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考，25）College graduates are offered lots of available jobs, ______, I believe, they can fully demonstrate their knowledge and competence.
A. where???????????
B. which　　??
C. that
D. what
[答案] 15.A
[解析] 15.句意：我们给大学生提供了很多工作机会，我认为在这些工作中他们可以充分展示他们的知识和能力。空格处到句尾是定语从句，修饰先行词jobs。把先行词带入到从句中：they can fully demonstrate their knowledge and competence in the jobs. 由此可知引导词在该定语从句中作状语，要用关系代词where引导。
16.（2014重庆市名校联盟高三下学期联合考试，4）Uncle Li has just spent over one million Yuan on a house, __________ he believes is good value for the money.
A. what????????????
B. which????????????
C. that???????????
D. where
[答案] 16.B
[解析] 16.句意：李叔叔刚刚花了100万元买了一套房子，她认为这样做就实现了他的钱的很好的价值。考查非限制性定语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中充当主语，要用关系代词，排除A、D两项。而关系代词that不能引导该类定语从句，故选B项。
17.（2014山东省济南市高三3月模拟，6）Salina wants to find a job ________ she can use what she has learned at school.
A. whom　　B. which　　C. where　　D. that
[答案] 17.C
[解析] 17.句意：Salina想找一份能一份工作，能把自己在学校学到的东西用到工作中去。考查定语从句。该定语从句修饰的先行词是a job，把先行词带入到从句中：she can use what she has learned at school in the job. 由此可知先行词在从句中充当状语，应该用关系副词where引导，所以答案为C项。
18.（2014山东省青岛市高三第一次模拟，3） — Where did you get to know her?
— On the farm ______ we both once worked in the 1970s.?
A. when　　　　　　?????
B. which　　　　??????
C. where　　??????????
D. that
[答案] 18.C
[解析] 18.句意：—你是在哪儿认识她的？—是在上世纪70年代我们曾经共同劳动过的那个农场上认识的。考查定语从句。把先行词the farm带入到从句中：We both once worked on the farm in the 1970s. 由此可知先行词在从句中作状语，要用关系副词where。
19.（2014山东省潍坊市高三3月模拟，10）Life is like an onion, ? ? ? ?sometimes makes you weep when you try to open it.
A. that ? ? ? ? ?
B. which ? ? ? ? ?
C. as　　 ?
D. what
[答案] 19.B
[解析] 19.句意：生活就像是一头洋葱，有时候在你想打开它的时候它会让你哭了。考查定语从句。排除D项；空格处引导词在从句中作主语，关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除A项；which意为：这、这一点、这件事；而as句意：正如、就像。根据语境答案为B项。
20.（2014四川省成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测，6）The Charles Dickens Museum in Doughty Street is the only one of his London homes to survive, ______he wrote Oliver Twist.
A. where ???????
B. that ???????
C. which ?????????
D. what
[答案] 20.A
[解析] 20.句意：位于Doughty大街上的狄更斯博物馆是伦敦唯一一所幸存下来的他的家，就是在这儿他写了《雾都孤儿》。考查定语从句，修饰的先行词是主语the Charles Dickens Museum，把先行词带入到从句中：He wrote Oliver Twist in the Charles Dickens Museum. 由此可知先行词在从句中作状语，应该用关系副词where.
21.（2014吉林省实验中学高三第一次模拟，26）Is the school ? ? you visited last week large ?
A. that　　 ? ? ? ?
B. where　　 ? ? ?
C. in which　　 ? ?
D. the one
[答案] 21.A
[解析] 21.句意：你上周参观的学校大吗？将一般疑问句还原为陈述句：The school ___ you visited last week is large. 这时可以看出定语从句中缺宾语而不是地点状语，故应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the school。
22.（2014吉林省实验中学高三第一次模拟，25）—Where did you find our chemistry teacher?
—It was in the lab ? ? he was doing his experiment.
A. that　　 ? ? ? ?
B. where　　 ? ? ?
C. which　　 ? ? ?
D. on which
[答案] 22.B
[解析] 22.句意：——你在哪儿找到我们化学老师的？——是在他正做试验的实验室里。先行词the lab是地点名词，应用关系副词where引导定语从句，且where在从句中作地点状语。该句易误判为强调句，实际上这是省略的强调句，其完整句子是：It was in the lab where he was doing his experiment that I found your chemistry teacher.
23.（2014江西省红色六校高三第二次联考，27）He said it was this classroom _______ he found his lost watch and _____ he would take good care of it from then on.
A. where; /　　　　??
B. when; what　　??
C. that; what　　??
D. where; that
[答案] 23.D
[解析] 23.句意：他说他是在教室找到了自己丢失的手表，今后他会看好它。第一空容易误解为强调句，请比较：it was in this classroom that he found his lost watch（强调句子的地点状语）；it was this classroom where he found his lost watch（where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词this classroom，where在从句中作地点状语）。分析句子结构可知，said后有两个并列的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，但是and后的that不能省，故答案选D。
24.（2014福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测，34）The voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music，_________
some have stood out among them.
A. for which???????
B. from whom???????
C. Where??????????
D. when
[答案] 24.C
[解析] 24.句意：《中国好声音》为有音乐天赋的年轻人搭建了一个大舞台，一些人已经在这个舞台上脱颖而出。关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词a big stage，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于on which。
25.（2014北京东城区高三第二学期教学统一检测，25）My brother’s bedroom is always a mess, and he can never find anything, _________? is very frustrating.
A. where　　　　　　??
B. whom　　　　　　??
C. when　　　　??
D. which
[答案] 25.D
[解析] 25.句意：我哥哥的卧室总是乱糟糟的，而且永远是什么都找不到，这真让人心烦。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句。
26.(2014安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测，31) Guess what! I came across my primary school science teacher this morning, ______ I have lost touch for almost 20 years.
A. of which　　B. when　　C. with whom　　D. who
[答案] 26.C
[解析] 26.句意：你猜怎么着！今天早上我碰到了我的小学科学老师，我们已经失去联系近20年了。先行词my primary school science teacher指人，且表示“和某人失去联系” 要说lose touch with sb，故使用with whom引导非限制性定语从句。该句也可说成：…, who/whom I have lost touch with for almost 20 years.
27.（2014安徽省江南十校高三3月联考，33）Never before______ such a wonderful park, ______ I' d like to pay a visit again.
A. had I seen; where
B. have I seen; which?
C. have I seen; where?
D. had I seen; which
[答案] 27.C
[解析] 27.句意：我还从来没有见过这么美的公园，我还会再来的。第一空时间状语never before常和现在完成时连用，首先排除A、D两项；第二空where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a park，且where在从句中作地点状语，相当于to which。
28.（2014北京市海淀区高三年级第一学期期末，29）This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere ______ many others are short of.
A. where　　B. when　　　　　　?　　C. that　　　　　　???　　D. what
[答案] 28.C
[解析] 28.句意：这家餐馆有一种其他餐馆所缺乏的吸引人的、家一般的氛围。本题考查定语从句。先行词是atmosphere，在定语从句中are short of后面缺少宾语，故选关系代词that。关系副词where和when在定语从句中做状语，what不引导定语从句。故选C项。
29.（2014浙江省温州十校联合体高三上学期期末考试，38）Parents should pay attention to the cases __________their children have difficulty __________ to new surroundings.
A. where; adapting　　B. where; adapt　　C. when; adapted　　D. where; adapted
[答案] 29.A
[解析] 29.考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：父母应该重视他们孩子适应新环境困难的情况。第一空先行词是cases，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导；第二空have difficulty doing sth. “做某事有困难” ，固定短语，故A项正确。
30.（2014浙江省温州十校联合体高三上学期期末考试，28）The world has lost one of its most respected statesmen (政治家) —Nelson Mandela, ______once said, “I learned that courage was not the _______ of fear, but the triumph over it.”
A. who; absence　　B. whom; presence　　C. that; absence　　D. whom; present
[答案] 30.A
[解析] 30.考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。分析句子成分后可知，“______once said…” 是定语从句修饰先行词Nelson Mandela，从句中缺少主语，且前面有逗号隔开，故用who引导，即A项正确。第二空absence意为“缺乏” ，即表示“勇气不是没有恐惧，而是战胜恐惧” 。
31.（2014四川省成都市高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测，9）American students take part in a wide variety of after-school activities_______they develop their social skills.
A where???????? B. which??????????? C. that???????????? D. what
[答案] 31.A
[解析] 31.考查定语从句。句意：美国学生参加各种各样的课外活动，他们从中培养社交技巧。分析句子成分后可知，“_______they develop their social skills” 是定语从句修饰先行词activities，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导，相当于in which。
32.（2014山东省济南市高三教学质量调研，13）I used to live in Bangalore, India, _______ the traffic is heavy for most of the day.
A. where　　B. which　　C. that　　D. when
[答案] 32.A
[解析] 32.考查定语从句。句意：我过去住在印度的班加罗尔，那里的交通比较拥挤。分析句子成分后可知，“_______ the traffic is heavy for most of the day” 是定语从句修饰Bangalore，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
33.（2014山东省济南市高三教学质量调研，3）Chang' e-3 was sent onto the moon successfully, _______ rocked the world again.
A. where　　B. that　　C. what　　D. which
[答案] 33.D
[解析] 33.考查定语从句。句意：嫦娥三号成功发射到月球，这再次震撼了全世界。分析句子成分后可知，“_______ rocked the world again” 是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代前面的一句话，故用which引导。
34.（2014江西省赣州市四所重点中学第一学期期末联考，26）The teacher, in front of ________house lies a big lake, is very patient with his children.
A．which　　??????? B．where　　???????? C．whose　　????????? D．whom
[答案] 34.C
[解析] 34.句意：这位家门前有一个大湖的老师对孩子们很有耐心。in front of whose house引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the teacher。whose相当于the teacher’s。
35.（2014江苏省扬州市高三期末质量检测，29）At present, there are many instances ??????? the governments distribute money to the citizens worldwide, but the sources of fund are still limited.
A. how　　??????????
B. which??????????
C. where　　???????
D. when
[答案] 35.C
[解析] 35.句意：目前，由政府给国民发钱的事例很多，但其资金来源仍然十分有限。where引导定语从句修饰先行词instances，且where在从句中作地点状语。B项可改为in which。
36.（2014河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试，26）The result was far beyond ______we had expected, ______ brought great joy to every one of us.
A. that; which????
B. which; who???
C. what; what?????
D. what; which
[答案] 36.D
[解析] 36.句意：这一结果远远超出了我们的预期，这让我们每一个人都欢欣鼓舞。第一空是由what引导的宾语从句，且what在从句中作宾语，相当于all that；第二空是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代上文句子，且在从句中作主语。
37.（2014河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试，25）A deadly earthquake and tsunami struck Japan, causing a nuclear disaster, _______shadows many Japanese are still living in.
A. whose????????
B. which???????
C. that???????????
D. when
[答案] 37.A
[解析] 37.一场致命的地震和海啸袭击了日本，从而引发了核灾难，许多日本人至今仍然生活在它的阴影下。whose引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词a nuclear disaster，whose在从句中作定语修饰shadows。
38.（2014福建省厦门市高三上学期质量检测，24）Nelson Mandela’s death may, in the short term，unite South Africa in ways _______have never been seen before.
A . by which??????????? B. that??????????? C. in which???????????? D. who
[答案] 38.B
[解析] 38.句意：纳尔逊·曼德拉的去世很可能会在短期内，以前所未有的方式将南非人民团结起来。关系代词that引导定语从句修饰先行词ways，且that在从句中作主语，不能省略。
39.（2014安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测，31）The mother thanked the young man again and again, without _____ help her son would have been killed ?by the passing car.
A. whom ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
B. his ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
C. whose ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
D. who
[答案] 39.C
[解析] 39.句意：母亲再三感谢了这位年轻人，没有他的帮助，她的儿子险些被经过的汽车撞死。whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语修饰help，相当于the young man’s。