湖南省炎陵县2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Middle School Laboratory Safety Rules
Science is about discovering and exploring the natural world. Explorations can happen in the classroom, laboratory or field. As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards.
Safety is THE MOST IMPORTANT thing. The following safety rules have been developed for the protection and safety of everyone.
★Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times. Risky behavior-such as throwing things and doing experiments without teachers' instructions is not allowed.
★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.
★Do not enter or work in the laboratory unless an instructor is present.
★Never enter areas where chemicals are kept.
★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed.
The safety rules must be followed at all times. Review these rules with your teacher and parents, then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent. The signature shows that you understand the lab can be dangerous, and that you have read the rules and agree to follow them at all times. Signatures are needed before you can go on with any lab or science classroom activity.
1．What does the underlined word " hazards" probably mean in Paragraph 1
A．illnesses. B．examinations. C．dangers. D．experiments.
2．Which of the following might be allowed in the lab
A．Drinking soda. B．Having breakfast.
C．Taking away chemicals. D．Wearing glasses.
3．What should students do after reading the rules
A．Sign to agree to the rules. B．Get a teacher' s signature.
C．Take a test on safety rules. D．Go on with lab activities.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普类；应用文
【解析】【分析】应用文，主要介绍中学生实验室的安全守则。
【点评】考查细节理解和猜测词义，猜测词义需要在理解上下文和选项的基础上进行选择，而细节理解则需要先定位关键词，然后理解关键词所在地方的内容，从而选出合适的答案。
1．词义猜测题。根据前文As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards.（作为科学课程的一部分，你将参加许多使用不同材料、设备和化学品的活动，如果使用不当，这些活动可能会很危险。因此，你可能会面临生物、化学或物理_______。）可知，前文使用不当会很危险，因此你可能会面对的是危险，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文中的★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.（不允许吃、喝、嚼口香糖、化妆、触摸隐形眼镜或其他不安全的活动。）和★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed. （不允许将任何化学药品或设备带离教室或实验室。）可以排除A Drinking soda.（喝碳酸饮料）B Having breakfast.（吃早餐）C Taking away chemicals.（带走化学物质），故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文中最后一段的Review these rules with your teacher and parents, then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent.（与你的老师和家长一起检查这些规则，然后签名并获得家长的签名。）可知，阅读完规则之后学生应该签名来同意这些规则，故选A。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On September 7, 1930, Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. Fluent in English, his mother often read Friedrich Nietzsche's works to him. Influenced by his mother, Yuan Longping liked English, geography and chemistry at school. After graduating from university, he became a teacher in the countryside of Hunan in 1953.
With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hit China in the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something. Since the climate in Hunan was not friendly to growing wheat. He decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the production of rice, a basic food for over 60 percent of Chinese people. From then on, he began a lifelong connection with rice.
Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before. For the next four decades, he continued to work on the research of hybrid rice. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.
Nowadays, the hybrid rice is grown in almost half of China's rice fields and its production accounts for 60 percent of the total rice production in China. The hybrid rice production is 20 percent more than the common kinds , the yearly increase of which feeds up to 100 million people.
In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the " Father of hybrid rice" , was awarded with Medal of the Republic, China's highest honor.
Yuan Longping's biggest dream in life was to develop more hybrid rice varieties, which could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem. So far, the hybrid varieties he developed have been grown in over 40 countries, including the USA, Brazil and India.
4．What do we know about Yuan Longping according to the text
A．He began to study hybrid rice in 1973.
B．He received the highest honor in China at 90.
C．He ever hoped Chinese would be free from hunger.
D．He ever taught math in the city after graduation.
5．How does the author mainly show the achievements of Yuan Longping in hybrid rice
A．By explaining reasons. B．By quoting reports.
C．By imagining results. D．By listing figures.
6．Which of the following best describes Yuan Longping according to the text
A．Capable and remarkable. B．Energetic and athletic.
C．Patient and honest. D．Humorous and adventurous.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．The honor of Yuan Longping.
B．The team of Yuan Longping.
C．The life of Yuan Longping.
D．The education of Yuan Longping.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇描写袁隆平生活的文章，讲述了袁隆平的出生，教育，职业生涯，最大梦想，取得的成就等。
【点评】考查细节理解，文章大意和推理判断题，细节理解需要首先定位到关键词，然后理解文章，也可以通过排除法，文章大意需要看每个段落的内容然后整理文章大意，推理判断涉及到了文章的写作手法和对某人的评价，需要结合具体内容进行推理判断。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hit China in the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something.（ 20世纪60年代，由于农作物歉收，全国范围的饥荒袭击了中国，使许多人过着糟糕的生活。袁很伤心，觉得自己必须做点什么）可知袁隆平曾经希望中国人可以远离饥饿，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据文章的第三段Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before.（袁隆平于1973年成功种植了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，比以前每200多公斤产量可达到500公斤以上。）In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.（2020年，他的团队开发的杂交水稻在两个生长季节达到每亩1500公斤，创造了新的世界纪录。）中的500，1500可知是用数据列举袁隆平的成就，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before.（袁隆平于1973年成功种植了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，比以前每200多公斤产量可达到500公斤以上。）可知袁隆平关心中国人的饥饿问题希望为此做些什么然后发明了杂交水稻，文章的第五段In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the " Father of hybrid rice" , was awarded with Medal of the Republic, China's highest honor.（2019年，被誉为"杂交水稻之父"的袁隆平被授予中华人民共和国最高荣誉勋章。）则显示他取得了不菲的成就，说明袁隆平是能干而卓越的，故选A。
7．主旨大意题。文章通篇讲了袁隆平的生平事迹，包括袁隆平的出生日期，爱好，成就，最大的梦想等，说明文章主要写的是袁隆平的生活，故选C。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
All the wisdom of the ages and all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books. The most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.
Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagemess and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his. Your experience,compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something. They are connected with each other and with other cities. Books influence each other, they link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families. Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families or ideas, and in the long run, you not only find out about the world and the people in it but also you find out about yourself. to -.
Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you "you ought" to read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something toyou, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won't have suffered during the process.
8．What is reading in the writer's opinion
A．Reading is a process of listening to the author.
B．Reading is a process of accepting the author's ideas.
C．Reading is a process of communicating with the author and yourself.
D．Reading is a process of judging the author's work.
9．What kind of people are the most unfortunate in the writer's eyes
A．Those who don't have any books.
B．Those who can't enjoy reading books.
C．Those who don't like books.
D．Those who read too many books.
10．What kind of books should you read in order to find pleasure in reading
A．Books written by famous writers.
B．Books written in humor style.
C．Books which you like to read.
D．Books recommended by your friends.
11．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To show the importance of reading.
B．To tell us how to make reading more effective.
C．To tell us how to read.
D．To show the pleasure of reading.
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述的是阅读是有趣的，阅读的乐趣以及如何找到阅读的乐趣。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及到细节理解和推理判断。解答细节理解题目的时候要注意抓住题干中的关键词，然后在文章中找到相关的内容进行理解，推理判断则是在理解文章的基础上进行进一步的推断。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagemess and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his.（阅读是心灵的愉悦，这意味着它有点像一项运动:你的渴望、知识和敏捷使你成为一个好的读者。阅读之所以有趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它让你的大脑运转起来。你自己的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。）可知在作者看来读书是作者和自己的沟通的过程，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段The most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.（世界上最不幸的人是那些从未发现读好书是多么令人满足的人。）可知，作者认为不能够享受阅读的人是世界上最不幸的，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you "you ought" to read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something toyou, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won't have suffered during the process.（阅读只有在你期望它有趣的时候才会有趣。如果你专注于别人告诉你"你应该"读的书，你可能不会有乐趣。但是，如果你放下一本不喜欢的书，尝试另一本，直到找到一本对你有意义的书，然后用它来放松自己，你几乎肯定会度过一段美好的时光，如果你因为阅读而变得更好、更聪明、更善良、更温柔，那么在这个过程中你就不会受苦。）可知，为了找到阅读的乐趣，应该选择你喜欢的书，故选C。
11．推理判断题。从第一段我们知道作者认为世界上最不幸的人是没有发现读书乐趣的人，最后一段写的是如何享受到阅读的乐趣，由此可知作者写这篇文章的目的是展示阅读的乐趣，故选D。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It' s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain' s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK' s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it' s no longer " uncool" for boys to like cooking.
12．What do people usually think of British food
A．It is simple and plain.
B．It is rich in nutrition.
C．It lacks authentic tastes.
D．It deserves a high reputation.
13．Which best describes cookery programme on British TV
A．Authoritative. B．Creative. C．Profitable D．Influential.
14．Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A．20%. B．24%. C．25%. D．33%.
15．What might the author continue talking about
A．The art of cooking in other countries.
B．Male chefs on TV programmes.
C．Table manners in the UK.
D．Studies of big eaters.
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．D
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人文地理类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述的是英国食物的特点以及近些年电视节目对英国食物的影响。
【点评】本文考查阅读理解。主要涉及的是细节理解和推理判断，在做细节理解题的时候首先定位文章的相关内容，然后要注意选项和文章内容中某些内容的不同表达。推理判断是理解文章内容的基础上进行合理的推断。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.（但是英国食物真的那么无趣吗 尽管英国的烹饪素以平庸著称，但它正在培养出更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常登上畅销书排行榜。）可知人们通常认为英国食物是简单平庸的，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段It' s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain' s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.（正是由于这些电视厨师，而不是任何广告宣传，英国人才开始远离荤素和现成的饭菜，在烹饪习惯上变得更加冒险。据最近的报道，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降，大约一半的英国消费者希望以某种方式改变或改进他们的烹饪方法。申请英国大学和学院食品课程的学生人数有所增加。电视节目似乎帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可推断出电视节目影响力是大的，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据文章的第3段的Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.（近三分之一的人表示，他们现在使用的食材种类比以前更多，近四分之一的人表示，他们现在购买的食材质量比以前更好。）可知现在使用更多样化食材的人的比例是三分之一也就是大约33%，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章中的最后一段的With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it' s no longer " uncool" for boys to like cooking.（随着电视上出现越来越多的男厨师，男孩子们喜欢烹饪也不再"不酷"了。）可知文章最后写的是男性的厨师有影响，所以接下来作者要讨论的应该是 电视节目中的男厨师，故选B。
二、第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you' re doing doesn' t challenge you, then it doesn' t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 16． So challenge the following limits:
⒈Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.
If you' re a salesman, and you' re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you' ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 17． But don' t stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, " Go on. I' m not scared! "
⒉ 18．
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
⒊Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
19． A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
⒋Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don' t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers, try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they' re going to be. Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now. 20．
A. Someone may hang up on you.
B. You should do it continuously.
C. You don' t need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Take a class for a hobby you' ve been wanting to develop.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
【答案】16．G；17．A；18．F；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述如何挑战自己，走出舒适圈，给自己合适的压力。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是关于如何挑战自己的，结构清晰，内容相对简单，要求在理解上下文的基础上结合文章的结构特点和选项特点选出合适的答案，着重考查对上下文的推理判断能力。
16．根据前文的If something that you' re doing doesn' t challenge you, then it doesn' t change you.We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all.（如果你正在做的事情没有挑战你，那么它也不会改变你。毕竟，我们在生活中都需要一些正常的压力。）和后文的So challenge the following limits:（所以挑战以下限制：）可知中间要写我们怎么有一些压力，那么G选项You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.（如果你坚持自己的舒适区，你永远不会看到任何进步。）然后再写因此需要挑战，故选G。
17．这一段的小标题是Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.（找出你害怕的是什么，然后不断地去做。）第2空前面If you' re a salesman, and you' re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you' ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.的意思是如果你是一名销售人员，而你现在害怕亲自与人交谈或通过电话，与其害怕并认为你会失败，不如每天花至少五分钟拿起电话打个电话。后面写的是But don' t stop on the first try!，意思是但不要在第一次尝试时就停止!，说明害怕的事情是打电话，可能会有挫折，但是不能第一次尝试就停止，A.Someone may hang up on you（有人可能会挂断你的电话）符合题意，是打电话时可能遇到的挫折，故选A。
18．根据文章的结构和上下文的1.Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.⒊Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. 和⒋Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. 可知，这一空应该是一个祈使句，可以从EF中选择，这一段中的Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career（确保这个爱好与你的职业无关）可知这一段是在写爱好，F.Take a class for a hobby you' ve been wanting to develop.（参加一个你一直想培养的兴趣的培训班。）符合题意，故选F。
19．根据小标题Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.（每天至少留出9分钟时间进行体育锻炼。）可知这一段的内容是写锻炼，空格后面的A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.（简单地在你社区周围跑步9分钟可以给你带来奇迹。）说明前面应该是锻炼但是不用太过于麻烦，所以C. You don' t need to go to the gym. （你不需要去健身房。）符合题意，故选C。
20．前文Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now.（现在就走出家门，或者上网订票。）说明呼吁说走就走的旅行，订完票应该就是要出去旅行了，E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.（现在就开始旅行，学会挑战自己。）是关于旅行来挑战自己的，故选E。
三、语言知识运用(共两节 满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I found myself refusing to 21． out at home with even the simplest things.
Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 22． me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she' d rush to the nearby store and buy a week' s worth of 23． . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, and 24． for my lesson, you' d think I' d be very 25． to help her bring the groceries into the house. But I wasn' t. I generally just brought in an armload and left the rest for Mom as I ran to my room and shut the door.
Don' t get me wrong. Back in my room, I felt 26． about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 27． . But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 28． more from me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would mark something much bigger: my personal change from a spoiled(宠坏的) child to a more 29． young man.
I' ll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 30． to try and see what would happen. Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 31． . Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and 32． back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day! Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The more I helped out, the 33． I felt about myself. As Mom and Dad realized they could 34． on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too.
Sometimes the little things we put off doing for the longest time 35． out to be simplest things to complete. Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.
21．A． start B． cry C． help D． work
22．A． left B． guided C． walked D． drove
23．A． fruits B． flowers C． groceries D． vegetables
24．A． fought B． paid C． prepared D． waited
25．A． grateful B． nervous C． confident D． unwilling
26．A． excited B． curious C． doubtful D． regretful
27．A． way B． world C． career D． future
28．A． warning B． encouraging C． expecting D． praising
29．A． energetic B． ambitious C． outgoing D． responsible
30．A． excuse B． decision C． promise D． mistake
31．A． shame B． anger C． delight D． pleasure
32．A． called B． looked C． headed D． handed
33．A． smarter B． better C． warmer D． stronger
34．A． live B． press C． focus D． depend
35．A． make B． turn C． point D． bring
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，叙述了作者从一开始怕做的越多父母对自己期待越多而不去帮忙转变成一个愿意帮父母做事的经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，涉及到了形容词，动词，动词短语及名词的辨析，要注意把握文章整体脉络，情感变化，联系上下文，仔细推敲，选择出最合适的答案。
21．句意：我发现自己在家里连最简单的事情都不愿意_______。根据前文的As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family.（作为一个十几岁的孩子，当我为家人做事情的时候，我非常懒惰。）可知作者是拒绝去帮忙的，A start out开始，着手，B cry out 大声呼喊C help out帮忙，D work out锻炼，计算出，故选C。
22．句意：例如，每个星期三下午，我妈妈带我去另一个城镇上钢琴课。A 离开 B 指导 C 走路 D drive开车，drive sb to sp开车载某人去某地，故选D。
23．句意：在我两个小时的课上，她会冲到附近的商店，买一个星期用的______。根据后文的you' d think I' d be very _____ to help her bring the groceries into the house.（你会认为我很____帮她把杂货搬进来。）的groceries的提示作用可知她会冲到商店去买一个星期用的杂货，A水果 B花 C杂货 D蔬菜，故选C。
24．句意：考虑到我妈妈开车送我去12英里，回来12英里，并且为我的课________，你会认为我很_____帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A战斗 B支付 C准备 D等待，根据前文my mother ____ me to another town for a piano lesson.母亲开车载我去上钢琴课，所以应该是为我的课付款，pay for为......付款，故选B。
25．句意：考虑到我妈妈开车送我去12英里，回来12英里，并且为我的课付钱，你会认为我很_____帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A感激的 B紧张的 C有信心的 D不乐意的，前文写的都是母亲的付出，一般来说是会感激的，故选A。
26．句意：回到我的房间，我觉得_____因为没有帮妈妈的忙。A兴奋的 B好奇的 C怀疑的 D后悔的，根据后面的Deep inside, I wanted to change my 7 .（从内心深处，我想改变。）可知其实作者也不是完全心安理得不帮忙的，所以会因为没有帮妈妈的忙而感觉后悔，故选D。
27．句意：从内心深处，我想改变我的_____。A方式 B世界 C事业 D未来前文Back in my room, I felt 6 about not helping my mother more.（回到我的房间，我觉得后悔因为没有帮妈妈的忙），可知作者想要改变自己的方式，故选A。
28．句意：但我也意识到，一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会对我_____更多。A警告 B鼓励 C期盼 D表扬，根据常识，做越多好的事情就会期待多一些，故选C。
29．句意：15岁时，我感觉到这个小小的改变将标志着更大的事情:我从一个被宠坏的孩子变成了一个_____男人。A有活力的 B有抱负的 C外向的 D负责任的，从被宠坏的孩子成长成为一个负责人的男人，故选D。
30．句意：我永远不会忘记那个星期三，我做了一个______，试着看看会发生什么。A借口 B决定 C承诺 D错误，作者想要试试看小改变会有什么影响，所以做决定试试看，故选B。
31．句意：放学回家后，我像往常一样消失在自己的房间里。但一进去，我就感到那深深燃烧着的____。A羞愧 B愤怒 C高兴 D愉快，根据前文的Back in my room, I felt ______about not helping my mother more.（回到我的房间，我觉得后悔因为没有帮妈妈的忙）可知其实作者不帮妈妈的忙进入房间后其实是后悔的，所以会感受到深深燃烧着的愧疚，故选A。
32．句意：我把课本扔在床上，突然打开门，_____车库去帮妈妈。 A打电话 B看 C朝向 D交给根据前文的Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual.But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 11 .（放学回家后，我像往常一样消失在自己的房间里。但一进去，我就感到那深深燃烧着的____。）可知，作者不想像往常一样直接回房间了，那就是要去车库帮妈妈，故选C。
33．句意：我帮助的越多，我对自己的感觉就_______。A更聪明 B更好 C更温暖 D更强壮，前文说Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework.（当然，随着时间的推移，我继续帮忙做更多的家务），做更多的家务说明作者感觉做家务越多越好，故选B。
34．句意：当爸爸妈妈意识到他们可以更多地_____我时，我们的旅行压力也大大减轻了。A居住 B按压 C专注于 D依赖于depend on依赖于，作者做家务越多，越能让父母依赖，旅行也就越轻松，故选D。
35．句意：有时候，我们拖了很长时间才去做的小事，其实是最简单的事情。A制作 B转变 C指着 D带来，turn out证明是，结果是，小事最后证明是最简单完成的事情，故选B。
四、第二节单句填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
36． Henry told me that there was a time he stayed up every night going over his lessons.
【答案】when
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利告诉有曾有一段时间他每天晚上熬夜复习功课。when引导定语从句，用来指代前面的time，在定语从句中充当时间状语，故答案为when。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系副词的用法，注意when指代时间名词在定语从句中作时间状语。
37． A great many machines (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
【答案】have been made
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从技术革命开始，大量机械被这个工厂制造出来。since是"自从"的意思，主句中用现在完成时，且机械是被生产出来，用produce的现在完成时的被动语态且主语为复数形式，故答案为have been produced。
【点评】考查谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致，注意被动语态和since关键词的提示作用。
38． In my view, high school students should eat more fruit and vegetables, which can be (benefit) to their health.
【答案】beneficial
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在我看来，高中学生应该吃更多的蔬菜和水果，这对他们的健康是有益的。be动词后加形容词作表语，benefit的形容词形式是beneficial，故答案为beneficial。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。形容词一般放在be动词后作表语或者名词前作定语。
39． As parents, we shouldn' t force children to do they don' t like.
【答案】whatever
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：作为父母，我们不应该逼迫孩子做任何他们不想做的事情。whatever引导宾语从句，在宾语从句作like的宾语，翻译为"任何......事情"，故答案为whatever。
【点评】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。注意"任何......"用疑问词加ever来表示。
40．What's more,
something should be done to raise people's
(aware) of protecting animals.
【答案】awareness
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：更重要的是，应该采取措施，提高人们保护动物的意识。名词所有格后接名词，故填awareness。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
41． I have never seen a (good) performance than this one.
【答案】better
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：我从没看过比这个还棒的表演。否定词never加形容词比较级表示最高级的含义，good比较级是better，than也是比较级的标志词，故答案为better。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级。注意形容词比较级的固定用法。
42． Monrovia is filled with hundreds of thousands of refugees(难民），many of are hungry and homeless.
【答案】whom
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：蒙罗维亚充满了成千上万的难民，其中很多是饥饿且无家可归的。whom引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文中的refugees，在定语从句中，介词加关系代词可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代人用whom，故答案为whom。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法。注意many,some of后加关系代词是可以引导非限制性定语从句的。
43． (tradition), the company' s main markets have been Britain and the US.
【答案】Traditionally
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：传统上，该公司的主要市场是英国和美国。副词修饰整个句子，tradition是名词形式，应该为副词形式，故答案为Traditionally。
【点评】考查副词的基本用法，注意位于句首，首字母需要大写。
44． Without (hesitate), she held out her hand.
【答案】hesitation
【知识点】普通名词
【解析】【分析】句意：毫不犹豫地，她伸出了她的手。without介词，介词后加名词，hesitate为动词，其名词形式为hesitation，且without hesitation是毫不犹豫的意思，故答案为hesitation。
【点评】考查名词的用法，注意介词后加名词的基本用法。
45． But that' s how nature is- always leaving us (astonish)
【答案】astonished
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：但是那就是自然如何让我们惊讶的。ed形容词修饰人，作补语修饰us，故答案为astonished。
【点评】考查ed形容词作补语的用法。
五、写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
46． 教师节即将来临，某英文网站要举办主题为我最尊敬的一位老师的征文大赛，请你以" The teacher I admire most " 为标题写一篇短文参赛，要点包括：1. 老师给你的总体印象；2. 师生之间发生的印象最深刻的一件事以及你的感受；3. 表达感恩之情。
注意：词数120字左右：
The teacher I admire most
【答案】略
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文
【解析】【分析】命题作文。本文要求以" The teacher I admire most "为题目，属于说明文写作，注意把要点写全，包括这位老师给你的总体印象以及师生之间发生的印象最深刻的一件事情以及你的感受，话要表发你对这个老师的感恩之情，写发生的事情的时候以一般过去时为主，写感受则可以使用一般现在时，在描述事情的时候注意写一件即可，写作时候尽量使用自己熟悉的句式。
【点评】考查命题作文中的说明文写作，也属于提纲类写作，写此类作文要注意要点要齐全，同时注意写内容的时候学会扬长避短，擅长的的要点可以适当放长篇幅，不太熟练的内容点到即可，使用自己熟练的句式单词，在保证正确的基础上适当增加一些亮点表达。
六、第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
47． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a. m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：1词数应为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
【答案】读后续写参考范文一
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Seeing the the black bread and the spilled porridge, Dad suddenly figured out their secret. A smile of understanding flashed across his face. Without a second thought, Dad offered to help. A ripple of excitement ran through them. They helped clean the kitchen while their father cooked a sandwich and some porridge skillfully. Soon, the delicious smell of breakfast filled the kitchen. Dad hinted to show that it was a secret and went back to the bedroom, asking the twins to go on to carry out their great plan.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. They yelled " Happy Mother' s Day, darling Mummy! A big surprise for you!" When she saw the breakfast, her eyes widened up and twinkled with excitement. Dad was pretending to be surprised to see such delicious food. Mother hugged the twins and showed her thanks. She tasted and praised that it was the best breakfast she had ever had. The twins smiled to their father secretly. A feeling of love filled the whole room. What a beautiful surprise!
参考范文二
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. " Don' t panic!" he handed each one a wet towel, helping them clean the mess quickly. After that, Jeff stammered out their plan, his face flushing. However, Father laughed, " Sounds great! I can teach you to cook. " At this, Jenna and Jef almost jumped to their feet, joy in eyes. Under his careful guidance, it didn' t take long before the French toast and chicken porridge were ready. Everything settled, Father left the kitchen, promising to keep their secret.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Meeting their smiling eyes, Mother felt confused until they presented the breakfast and said " Happy Mother' s Day" . Mother gave them a tight hug, " Unbelievable! You can cook! It' s the biggest surprise I have received. " Her face lit up with happiness. " They have known how to take care of others. " Father said in response to her excitement, winking at Jenna and Jef. They couldn' t help giggling. It was a secret only shared between them.
【知识点】读后续写；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知这个故事讲述的是双胞胎想要为母亲在母亲节的时候送上惊喜——他们计划制作法式吐司和鸡肉粥。在母亲节当天，闹钟6点响起，两人开始准备，本来以为能一切顺利，结果锅太热了面包烤黑了，粥溢出了锅将火扑灭，虽然即使关掉了燃气但是厨灶一片混乱，清理之后重新开始解惑Jeff被烫了手，手忙脚乱之中面包又烤黑了。续写内容，第一段开头：当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。说明接下来应该是父亲的反应：可以是看出双胞胎的想法之后加入，也可以是双胞胎告诉他他们的想法然后父亲加入一起帮忙。第二段的开头是双胞胎把早餐端上楼，叫醒了母亲。说明父亲和双胞胎是没有告诉母亲的，早餐也是完成了的，所以第一段可以把这些细节加上，第二段写母亲看到早餐时的反应以及双胞胎和父亲的反应。写作时注意理解原文，逻辑上要上下连贯，注意文中出现的人的角色及行为，尽量使用自己熟悉的句式减少出错的几率，适当增加高级词汇以及特殊句型。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，同时使用了一些高级句型结构，高级单词的运用也让文章显得更加上档次。例如：Seeing the the black bread and the spilled porridge, Dad suddenly figured out their secret.运用了非谓语动词作状语；Dad hinted to show that it was a secret and went back to the bedroom, asking the twins to go on to carry out their great plan.中使用的hint是一个比较高级且传神的单词，运用很巧妙，且本句使用了非谓语动词作状语；When she saw the breakfast, her eyes widened up and twinkled with excitement.运用了时间状语从句，且描绘表情很生动；What a beautiful surprise!感叹句的使用突出主题。After that, Jeff stammered out their plan, his face flushing.用到了独立主格结构；Everything settled, Father left the kitchen, promising to keep their secret.使用了独立主格结构和非谓语动词作状语。
1 / 1湖南省炎陵县2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Middle School Laboratory Safety Rules
Science is about discovering and exploring the natural world. Explorations can happen in the classroom, laboratory or field. As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards.
Safety is THE MOST IMPORTANT thing. The following safety rules have been developed for the protection and safety of everyone.
★Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times. Risky behavior-such as throwing things and doing experiments without teachers' instructions is not allowed.
★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.
★Do not enter or work in the laboratory unless an instructor is present.
★Never enter areas where chemicals are kept.
★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed.
The safety rules must be followed at all times. Review these rules with your teacher and parents, then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent. The signature shows that you understand the lab can be dangerous, and that you have read the rules and agree to follow them at all times. Signatures are needed before you can go on with any lab or science classroom activity.
1．What does the underlined word " hazards" probably mean in Paragraph 1
A．illnesses. B．examinations. C．dangers. D．experiments.
2．Which of the following might be allowed in the lab
A．Drinking soda. B．Having breakfast.
C．Taking away chemicals. D．Wearing glasses.
3．What should students do after reading the rules
A．Sign to agree to the rules. B．Get a teacher' s signature.
C．Take a test on safety rules. D．Go on with lab activities.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On September 7, 1930, Yuan Longping was born in Beijing. Fluent in English, his mother often read Friedrich Nietzsche's works to him. Influenced by his mother, Yuan Longping liked English, geography and chemistry at school. After graduating from university, he became a teacher in the countryside of Hunan in 1953.
With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hit China in the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something. Since the climate in Hunan was not friendly to growing wheat. He decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the production of rice, a basic food for over 60 percent of Chinese people. From then on, he began a lifelong connection with rice.
Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before. For the next four decades, he continued to work on the research of hybrid rice. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.
Nowadays, the hybrid rice is grown in almost half of China's rice fields and its production accounts for 60 percent of the total rice production in China. The hybrid rice production is 20 percent more than the common kinds , the yearly increase of which feeds up to 100 million people.
In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the " Father of hybrid rice" , was awarded with Medal of the Republic, China's highest honor.
Yuan Longping's biggest dream in life was to develop more hybrid rice varieties, which could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem. So far, the hybrid varieties he developed have been grown in over 40 countries, including the USA, Brazil and India.
4．What do we know about Yuan Longping according to the text
A．He began to study hybrid rice in 1973.
B．He received the highest honor in China at 90.
C．He ever hoped Chinese would be free from hunger.
D．He ever taught math in the city after graduation.
5．How does the author mainly show the achievements of Yuan Longping in hybrid rice
A．By explaining reasons. B．By quoting reports.
C．By imagining results. D．By listing figures.
6．Which of the following best describes Yuan Longping according to the text
A．Capable and remarkable. B．Energetic and athletic.
C．Patient and honest. D．Humorous and adventurous.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．The honor of Yuan Longping.
B．The team of Yuan Longping.
C．The life of Yuan Longping.
D．The education of Yuan Longping.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
All the wisdom of the ages and all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books. The most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.
Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagemess and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his. Your experience,compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something. They are connected with each other and with other cities. Books influence each other, they link the past, the present and the future and have their own generations, like families. Wherever you start reading, you connect yourself with one of the families or ideas, and in the long run, you not only find out about the world and the people in it but also you find out about yourself. to -.
Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you "you ought" to read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something toyou, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won't have suffered during the process.
8．What is reading in the writer's opinion
A．Reading is a process of listening to the author.
B．Reading is a process of accepting the author's ideas.
C．Reading is a process of communicating with the author and yourself.
D．Reading is a process of judging the author's work.
9．What kind of people are the most unfortunate in the writer's eyes
A．Those who don't have any books.
B．Those who can't enjoy reading books.
C．Those who don't like books.
D．Those who read too many books.
10．What kind of books should you read in order to find pleasure in reading
A．Books written by famous writers.
B．Books written in humor style.
C．Books which you like to read.
D．Books recommended by your friends.
11．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To show the importance of reading.
B．To tell us how to make reading more effective.
C．To tell us how to read.
D．To show the pleasure of reading.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It' s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain' s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK' s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it' s no longer " uncool" for boys to like cooking.
12．What do people usually think of British food
A．It is simple and plain.
B．It is rich in nutrition.
C．It lacks authentic tastes.
D．It deserves a high reputation.
13．Which best describes cookery programme on British TV
A．Authoritative. B．Creative. C．Profitable D．Influential.
14．Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A．20%. B．24%. C．25%. D．33%.
15．What might the author continue talking about
A．The art of cooking in other countries.
B．Male chefs on TV programmes.
C．Table manners in the UK.
D．Studies of big eaters.
二、第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If something that you' re doing doesn' t challenge you, then it doesn' t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 16． So challenge the following limits:
⒈Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.
If you' re a salesman, and you' re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you' ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 17． But don' t stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, " Go on. I' m not scared! "
⒉ 18．
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
⒊Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
19． A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
⒋Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don' t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers, try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they' re going to be. Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now. 20．
A. Someone may hang up on you.
B. You should do it continuously.
C. You don' t need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Take a class for a hobby you' ve been wanting to develop.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
三、语言知识运用(共两节 满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I found myself refusing to 21． out at home with even the simplest things.
Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother 22． me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two-hour lesson, she' d rush to the nearby store and buy a week' s worth of 23． . Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, and 24． for my lesson, you' d think I' d be very 25． to help her bring the groceries into the house. But I wasn' t. I generally just brought in an armload and left the rest for Mom as I ran to my room and shut the door.
Don' t get me wrong. Back in my room, I felt 26． about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my 27． . But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility, my parents would start 28． more from me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would mark something much bigger: my personal change from a spoiled(宠坏的) child to a more 29． young man.
I' ll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) 30． to try and see what would happen. Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 31． . Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and 32． back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day! Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The more I helped out, the 33． I felt about myself. As Mom and Dad realized they could 34． on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too.
Sometimes the little things we put off doing for the longest time 35． out to be simplest things to complete. Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.
21．A． start B． cry C． help D． work
22．A． left B． guided C． walked D． drove
23．A． fruits B． flowers C． groceries D． vegetables
24．A． fought B． paid C． prepared D． waited
25．A． grateful B． nervous C． confident D． unwilling
26．A． excited B． curious C． doubtful D． regretful
27．A． way B． world C． career D． future
28．A． warning B． encouraging C． expecting D． praising
29．A． energetic B． ambitious C． outgoing D． responsible
30．A． excuse B． decision C． promise D． mistake
31．A． shame B． anger C． delight D． pleasure
32．A． called B． looked C． headed D． handed
33．A． smarter B． better C． warmer D． stronger
34．A． live B． press C． focus D． depend
35．A． make B． turn C． point D． bring
四、第二节单句填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
36． Henry told me that there was a time he stayed up every night going over his lessons.
37． A great many machines (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
38． In my view, high school students should eat more fruit and vegetables, which can be (benefit) to their health.
39． As parents, we shouldn' t force children to do they don' t like.
40．What's more,
something should be done to raise people's
(aware) of protecting animals.
41． I have never seen a (good) performance than this one.
42． Monrovia is filled with hundreds of thousands of refugees(难民），many of are hungry and homeless.
43． (tradition), the company' s main markets have been Britain and the US.
44． Without (hesitate), she held out her hand.
45． But that' s how nature is- always leaving us (astonish)
五、写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
46． 教师节即将来临，某英文网站要举办主题为我最尊敬的一位老师的征文大赛，请你以" The teacher I admire most " 为标题写一篇短文参赛，要点包括：1. 老师给你的总体印象；2. 师生之间发生的印象最深刻的一件事以及你的感受；3. 表达感恩之情。
注意：词数120字左右：
The teacher I admire most
六、第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
47． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a. m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：1词数应为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普类；应用文
【解析】【分析】应用文，主要介绍中学生实验室的安全守则。
【点评】考查细节理解和猜测词义，猜测词义需要在理解上下文和选项的基础上进行选择，而细节理解则需要先定位关键词，然后理解关键词所在地方的内容，从而选出合适的答案。
1．词义猜测题。根据前文As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards.（作为科学课程的一部分，你将参加许多使用不同材料、设备和化学品的活动，如果使用不当，这些活动可能会很危险。因此，你可能会面临生物、化学或物理_______。）可知，前文使用不当会很危险，因此你可能会面对的是危险，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文中的★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.（不允许吃、喝、嚼口香糖、化妆、触摸隐形眼镜或其他不安全的活动。）和★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed. （不允许将任何化学药品或设备带离教室或实验室。）可以排除A Drinking soda.（喝碳酸饮料）B Having breakfast.（吃早餐）C Taking away chemicals.（带走化学物质），故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文中最后一段的Review these rules with your teacher and parents, then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent.（与你的老师和家长一起检查这些规则，然后签名并获得家长的签名。）可知，阅读完规则之后学生应该签名来同意这些规则，故选A。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇描写袁隆平生活的文章，讲述了袁隆平的出生，教育，职业生涯，最大梦想，取得的成就等。
【点评】考查细节理解，文章大意和推理判断题，细节理解需要首先定位到关键词，然后理解文章，也可以通过排除法，文章大意需要看每个段落的内容然后整理文章大意，推理判断涉及到了文章的写作手法和对某人的评价，需要结合具体内容进行推理判断。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hit China in the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something.（ 20世纪60年代，由于农作物歉收，全国范围的饥荒袭击了中国，使许多人过着糟糕的生活。袁很伤心，觉得自己必须做点什么）可知袁隆平曾经希望中国人可以远离饥饿，故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据文章的第三段Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before.（袁隆平于1973年成功种植了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，比以前每200多公斤产量可达到500公斤以上。）In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.（2020年，他的团队开发的杂交水稻在两个生长季节达到每亩1500公斤，创造了新的世界纪录。）中的500，1500可知是用数据列举袁隆平的成就，故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before.（袁隆平于1973年成功种植了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种，比以前每200多公斤产量可达到500公斤以上。）可知袁隆平关心中国人的饥饿问题希望为此做些什么然后发明了杂交水稻，文章的第五段In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the " Father of hybrid rice" , was awarded with Medal of the Republic, China's highest honor.（2019年，被誉为"杂交水稻之父"的袁隆平被授予中华人民共和国最高荣誉勋章。）则显示他取得了不菲的成就，说明袁隆平是能干而卓越的，故选A。
7．主旨大意题。文章通篇讲了袁隆平的生平事迹，包括袁隆平的出生日期，爱好，成就，最大的梦想等，说明文章主要写的是袁隆平的生活，故选C。
【答案】8．C
9．B
10．C
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述的是阅读是有趣的，阅读的乐趣以及如何找到阅读的乐趣。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及到细节理解和推理判断。解答细节理解题目的时候要注意抓住题干中的关键词，然后在文章中找到相关的内容进行理解，推理判断则是在理解文章的基础上进行进一步的推断。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Reading is the pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagemess and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his.（阅读是心灵的愉悦，这意味着它有点像一项运动:你的渴望、知识和敏捷使你成为一个好的读者。阅读之所以有趣，不是因为作者在告诉你什么，而是因为它让你的大脑运转起来。你自己的想象力与作者的想象力一起发挥作用，甚至超越作者的想象力。）可知在作者看来读书是作者和自己的沟通的过程，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段The most unfortunate people in the world are those who have never discovered how satisfying it is to read good books.（世界上最不幸的人是那些从未发现读好书是多么令人满足的人。）可知，作者认为不能够享受阅读的人是世界上最不幸的，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you "you ought" to read, you probably won't have fun. But if you put down a book you don't like and try another till you find one that means something toyou, and then relax yourself with it, you will almost certainly have a good time and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won't have suffered during the process.（阅读只有在你期望它有趣的时候才会有趣。如果你专注于别人告诉你"你应该"读的书，你可能不会有乐趣。但是，如果你放下一本不喜欢的书，尝试另一本，直到找到一本对你有意义的书，然后用它来放松自己，你几乎肯定会度过一段美好的时光，如果你因为阅读而变得更好、更聪明、更善良、更温柔，那么在这个过程中你就不会受苦。）可知，为了找到阅读的乐趣，应该选择你喜欢的书，故选C。
11．推理判断题。从第一段我们知道作者认为世界上最不幸的人是没有发现读书乐趣的人，最后一段写的是如何享受到阅读的乐趣，由此可知作者写这篇文章的目的是展示阅读的乐趣，故选D。
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．D
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人文地理类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述的是英国食物的特点以及近些年电视节目对英国食物的影响。
【点评】本文考查阅读理解。主要涉及的是细节理解和推理判断，在做细节理解题的时候首先定位文章的相关内容，然后要注意选项和文章内容中某些内容的不同表达。推理判断是理解文章内容的基础上进行合理的推断。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.（但是英国食物真的那么无趣吗 尽管英国的烹饪素以平庸著称，但它正在培养出更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，他们的食谱经常登上畅销书排行榜。）可知人们通常认为英国食物是简单平庸的，故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段It' s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain' s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.（正是由于这些电视厨师，而不是任何广告宣传，英国人才开始远离荤素和现成的饭菜，在烹饪习惯上变得更加冒险。据最近的报道，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降，大约一半的英国消费者希望以某种方式改变或改进他们的烹饪方法。申请英国大学和学院食品课程的学生人数有所增加。电视节目似乎帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可推断出电视节目影响力是大的，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据文章的第3段的Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.（近三分之一的人表示，他们现在使用的食材种类比以前更多，近四分之一的人表示，他们现在购买的食材质量比以前更好。）可知现在使用更多样化食材的人的比例是三分之一也就是大约33%，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章中的最后一段的With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it' s no longer " uncool" for boys to like cooking.（随着电视上出现越来越多的男厨师，男孩子们喜欢烹饪也不再"不酷"了。）可知文章最后写的是男性的厨师有影响，所以接下来作者要讨论的应该是 电视节目中的男厨师，故选B。
【答案】16．G；17．A；18．F；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述如何挑战自己，走出舒适圈，给自己合适的压力。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是关于如何挑战自己的，结构清晰，内容相对简单，要求在理解上下文的基础上结合文章的结构特点和选项特点选出合适的答案，着重考查对上下文的推理判断能力。
16．根据前文的If something that you' re doing doesn' t challenge you, then it doesn' t change you.We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all.（如果你正在做的事情没有挑战你，那么它也不会改变你。毕竟，我们在生活中都需要一些正常的压力。）和后文的So challenge the following limits:（所以挑战以下限制：）可知中间要写我们怎么有一些压力，那么G选项You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.（如果你坚持自己的舒适区，你永远不会看到任何进步。）然后再写因此需要挑战，故选G。
17．这一段的小标题是Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.（找出你害怕的是什么，然后不断地去做。）第2空前面If you' re a salesman, and you' re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being scared and thinking you' ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call.的意思是如果你是一名销售人员，而你现在害怕亲自与人交谈或通过电话，与其害怕并认为你会失败，不如每天花至少五分钟拿起电话打个电话。后面写的是But don' t stop on the first try!，意思是但不要在第一次尝试时就停止!，说明害怕的事情是打电话，可能会有挫折，但是不能第一次尝试就停止，A.Someone may hang up on you（有人可能会挂断你的电话）符合题意，是打电话时可能遇到的挫折，故选A。
18．根据文章的结构和上下文的1.Figure out what you' re scared of and do it continuously.⒊Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. 和⒋Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. 可知，这一空应该是一个祈使句，可以从EF中选择，这一段中的Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career（确保这个爱好与你的职业无关）可知这一段是在写爱好，F.Take a class for a hobby you' ve been wanting to develop.（参加一个你一直想培养的兴趣的培训班。）符合题意，故选F。
19．根据小标题Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.（每天至少留出9分钟时间进行体育锻炼。）可知这一段的内容是写锻炼，空格后面的A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.（简单地在你社区周围跑步9分钟可以给你带来奇迹。）说明前面应该是锻炼但是不用太过于麻烦，所以C. You don' t need to go to the gym. （你不需要去健身房。）符合题意，故选C。
20．前文Get out of your house or go online to book your ticket right now.（现在就走出家门，或者上网订票。）说明呼吁说走就走的旅行，订完票应该就是要出去旅行了，E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.（现在就开始旅行，学会挑战自己。）是关于旅行来挑战自己的，故选E。
【答案】21．C；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．A；26．D；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．B；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．B
【知识点】日常生活类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，叙述了作者从一开始怕做的越多父母对自己期待越多而不去帮忙转变成一个愿意帮父母做事的经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，涉及到了形容词，动词，动词短语及名词的辨析，要注意把握文章整体脉络，情感变化，联系上下文，仔细推敲，选择出最合适的答案。
21．句意：我发现自己在家里连最简单的事情都不愿意_______。根据前文的As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family.（作为一个十几岁的孩子，当我为家人做事情的时候，我非常懒惰。）可知作者是拒绝去帮忙的，A start out开始，着手，B cry out 大声呼喊C help out帮忙，D work out锻炼，计算出，故选C。
22．句意：例如，每个星期三下午，我妈妈带我去另一个城镇上钢琴课。A 离开 B 指导 C 走路 D drive开车，drive sb to sp开车载某人去某地，故选D。
23．句意：在我两个小时的课上，她会冲到附近的商店，买一个星期用的______。根据后文的you' d think I' d be very _____ to help her bring the groceries into the house.（你会认为我很____帮她把杂货搬进来。）的groceries的提示作用可知她会冲到商店去买一个星期用的杂货，A水果 B花 C杂货 D蔬菜，故选C。
24．句意：考虑到我妈妈开车送我去12英里，回来12英里，并且为我的课________，你会认为我很_____帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A战斗 B支付 C准备 D等待，根据前文my mother ____ me to another town for a piano lesson.母亲开车载我去上钢琴课，所以应该是为我的课付款，pay for为......付款，故选B。
25．句意：考虑到我妈妈开车送我去12英里，回来12英里，并且为我的课付钱，你会认为我很_____帮她把食品杂货搬回家。A感激的 B紧张的 C有信心的 D不乐意的，前文写的都是母亲的付出，一般来说是会感激的，故选A。
26．句意：回到我的房间，我觉得_____因为没有帮妈妈的忙。A兴奋的 B好奇的 C怀疑的 D后悔的，根据后面的Deep inside, I wanted to change my 7 .（从内心深处，我想改变。）可知其实作者也不是完全心安理得不帮忙的，所以会因为没有帮妈妈的忙而感觉后悔，故选D。
27．句意：从内心深处，我想改变我的_____。A方式 B世界 C事业 D未来前文Back in my room, I felt 6 about not helping my mother more.（回到我的房间，我觉得后悔因为没有帮妈妈的忙），可知作者想要改变自己的方式，故选A。
28．句意：但我也意识到，一旦我承担了更多的责任，我的父母就会对我_____更多。A警告 B鼓励 C期盼 D表扬，根据常识，做越多好的事情就会期待多一些，故选C。
29．句意：15岁时，我感觉到这个小小的改变将标志着更大的事情:我从一个被宠坏的孩子变成了一个_____男人。A有活力的 B有抱负的 C外向的 D负责任的，从被宠坏的孩子成长成为一个负责人的男人，故选D。
30．句意：我永远不会忘记那个星期三，我做了一个______，试着看看会发生什么。A借口 B决定 C承诺 D错误，作者想要试试看小改变会有什么影响，所以做决定试试看，故选B。
31．句意：放学回家后，我像往常一样消失在自己的房间里。但一进去，我就感到那深深燃烧着的____。A羞愧 B愤怒 C高兴 D愉快，根据前文的Back in my room, I felt ______about not helping my mother more.（回到我的房间，我觉得后悔因为没有帮妈妈的忙）可知其实作者不帮妈妈的忙进入房间后其实是后悔的，所以会感受到深深燃烧着的愧疚，故选A。
32．句意：我把课本扔在床上，突然打开门，_____车库去帮妈妈。 A打电话 B看 C朝向 D交给根据前文的Returning home from the lesson I disappeared into my room, as usual.But once inside, I felt that deep and burning 11 .（放学回家后，我像往常一样消失在自己的房间里。但一进去，我就感到那深深燃烧着的____。）可知，作者不想像往常一样直接回房间了，那就是要去车库帮妈妈，故选C。
33．句意：我帮助的越多，我对自己的感觉就_______。A更聪明 B更好 C更温暖 D更强壮，前文说Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework.（当然，随着时间的推移，我继续帮忙做更多的家务），做更多的家务说明作者感觉做家务越多越好，故选B。
34．句意：当爸爸妈妈意识到他们可以更多地_____我时，我们的旅行压力也大大减轻了。A居住 B按压 C专注于 D依赖于depend on依赖于，作者做家务越多，越能让父母依赖，旅行也就越轻松，故选D。
35．句意：有时候，我们拖了很长时间才去做的小事，其实是最简单的事情。A制作 B转变 C指着 D带来，turn out证明是，结果是，小事最后证明是最简单完成的事情，故选B。
36．【答案】when
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利告诉有曾有一段时间他每天晚上熬夜复习功课。when引导定语从句，用来指代前面的time，在定语从句中充当时间状语，故答案为when。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系副词的用法，注意when指代时间名词在定语从句中作时间状语。
37．【答案】have been made
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：自从技术革命开始，大量机械被这个工厂制造出来。since是"自从"的意思，主句中用现在完成时，且机械是被生产出来，用produce的现在完成时的被动语态且主语为复数形式，故答案为have been produced。
【点评】考查谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致，注意被动语态和since关键词的提示作用。
38．【答案】beneficial
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在我看来，高中学生应该吃更多的蔬菜和水果，这对他们的健康是有益的。be动词后加形容词作表语，benefit的形容词形式是beneficial，故答案为beneficial。
【点评】考查形容词的用法。形容词一般放在be动词后作表语或者名词前作定语。
39．【答案】whatever
【知识点】宾语从句的连接词
【解析】【分析】句意：作为父母，我们不应该逼迫孩子做任何他们不想做的事情。whatever引导宾语从句，在宾语从句作like的宾语，翻译为"任何......事情"，故答案为whatever。
【点评】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。注意"任何......"用疑问词加ever来表示。
40．【答案】awareness
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：更重要的是，应该采取措施，提高人们保护动物的意识。名词所有格后接名词，故填awareness。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
41．【答案】better
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：我从没看过比这个还棒的表演。否定词never加形容词比较级表示最高级的含义，good比较级是better，than也是比较级的标志词，故答案为better。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级。注意形容词比较级的固定用法。
42．【答案】whom
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：蒙罗维亚充满了成千上万的难民，其中很多是饥饿且无家可归的。whom引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文中的refugees，在定语从句中，介词加关系代词可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代人用whom，故答案为whom。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法。注意many,some of后加关系代词是可以引导非限制性定语从句的。
43．【答案】Traditionally
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：传统上，该公司的主要市场是英国和美国。副词修饰整个句子，tradition是名词形式，应该为副词形式，故答案为Traditionally。
【点评】考查副词的基本用法，注意位于句首，首字母需要大写。
44．【答案】hesitation
【知识点】普通名词
【解析】【分析】句意：毫不犹豫地，她伸出了她的手。without介词，介词后加名词，hesitate为动词，其名词形式为hesitation，且without hesitation是毫不犹豫的意思，故答案为hesitation。
【点评】考查名词的用法，注意介词后加名词的基本用法。
45．【答案】astonished
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：但是那就是自然如何让我们惊讶的。ed形容词修饰人，作补语修饰us，故答案为astonished。
【点评】考查ed形容词作补语的用法。
46．【答案】略
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文
【解析】【分析】命题作文。本文要求以" The teacher I admire most "为题目，属于说明文写作，注意把要点写全，包括这位老师给你的总体印象以及师生之间发生的印象最深刻的一件事情以及你的感受，话要表发你对这个老师的感恩之情，写发生的事情的时候以一般过去时为主，写感受则可以使用一般现在时，在描述事情的时候注意写一件即可，写作时候尽量使用自己熟悉的句式。
【点评】考查命题作文中的说明文写作，也属于提纲类写作，写此类作文要注意要点要齐全，同时注意写内容的时候学会扬长避短，擅长的的要点可以适当放长篇幅，不太熟练的内容点到即可，使用自己熟练的句式单词，在保证正确的基础上适当增加一些亮点表达。
47．【答案】读后续写参考范文一
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. Seeing the the black bread and the spilled porridge, Dad suddenly figured out their secret. A smile of understanding flashed across his face. Without a second thought, Dad offered to help. A ripple of excitement ran through them. They helped clean the kitchen while their father cooked a sandwich and some porridge skillfully. Soon, the delicious smell of breakfast filled the kitchen. Dad hinted to show that it was a secret and went back to the bedroom, asking the twins to go on to carry out their great plan.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. They yelled " Happy Mother' s Day, darling Mummy! A big surprise for you!" When she saw the breakfast, her eyes widened up and twinkled with excitement. Dad was pretending to be surprised to see such delicious food. Mother hugged the twins and showed her thanks. She tasted and praised that it was the best breakfast she had ever had. The twins smiled to their father secretly. A feeling of love filled the whole room. What a beautiful surprise!
参考范文二
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. " Don' t panic!" he handed each one a wet towel, helping them clean the mess quickly. After that, Jeff stammered out their plan, his face flushing. However, Father laughed, " Sounds great! I can teach you to cook. " At this, Jenna and Jef almost jumped to their feet, joy in eyes. Under his careful guidance, it didn' t take long before the French toast and chicken porridge were ready. Everything settled, Father left the kitchen, promising to keep their secret.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.
Meeting their smiling eyes, Mother felt confused until they presented the breakfast and said " Happy Mother' s Day" . Mother gave them a tight hug, " Unbelievable! You can cook! It' s the biggest surprise I have received. " Her face lit up with happiness. " They have known how to take care of others. " Father said in response to her excitement, winking at Jenna and Jef. They couldn' t help giggling. It was a secret only shared between them.
【知识点】读后续写；日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知这个故事讲述的是双胞胎想要为母亲在母亲节的时候送上惊喜——他们计划制作法式吐司和鸡肉粥。在母亲节当天，闹钟6点响起，两人开始准备，本来以为能一切顺利，结果锅太热了面包烤黑了，粥溢出了锅将火扑灭，虽然即使关掉了燃气但是厨灶一片混乱，清理之后重新开始解惑Jeff被烫了手，手忙脚乱之中面包又烤黑了。续写内容，第一段开头：当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。说明接下来应该是父亲的反应：可以是看出双胞胎的想法之后加入，也可以是双胞胎告诉他他们的想法然后父亲加入一起帮忙。第二段的开头是双胞胎把早餐端上楼，叫醒了母亲。说明父亲和双胞胎是没有告诉母亲的，早餐也是完成了的，所以第一段可以把这些细节加上，第二段写母亲看到早餐时的反应以及双胞胎和父亲的反应。写作时注意理解原文，逻辑上要上下连贯，注意文中出现的人的角色及行为，尽量使用自己熟悉的句式减少出错的几率，适当增加高级词汇以及特殊句型。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，同时使用了一些高级句型结构，高级单词的运用也让文章显得更加上档次。例如：Seeing the the black bread and the spilled porridge, Dad suddenly figured out their secret.运用了非谓语动词作状语；Dad hinted to show that it was a secret and went back to the bedroom, asking the twins to go on to carry out their great plan.中使用的hint是一个比较高级且传神的单词，运用很巧妙，且本句使用了非谓语动词作状语；When she saw the breakfast, her eyes widened up and twinkled with excitement.运用了时间状语从句，且描绘表情很生动；What a beautiful surprise!感叹句的使用突出主题。After that, Jeff stammered out their plan, his face flushing.用到了独立主格结构；Everything settled, Father left the kitchen, promising to keep their secret.使用了独立主格结构和非谓语动词作状语。
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