北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 3 Memories of Christmas学案（含答案）

Unit 3 Celebrations
Lesson 3 Memories of Christmas
学习目标
1. 掌握本节生词、短语及句型的表达与运用。
2. 掌握动词词组的用法。
3. 通过课堂练习，对课文内容有更深入的了解。
知识运用
1. mess
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
(be) in a mess杂乱，混乱；陷入困境
make a mess of… 弄乱……；把……弄糟
What a mess! 真乱啊！
mess up 把……弄糟；使心情恶劣
messy adj. 肮脏的，凌乱的；混乱的，难以处理的
练习：I feel I have made a ___________ of things.
2. patience
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
with patience耐心地
be/ run out of patience with.. 对……失去耐心
lose patience with... 对……失去耐心
patient adj. 有耐心的； n. 病人
be patient with sb./ sth. 对某人/ 某事有耐心
impatient adj. 没耐心的
be impatient with sb./ sth. 对某人/ 某事无耐心
impatience n. 不耐烦，无耐心
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatiently adv. 无耐心地
练习：You need a lot of ___________ when you work here.
3. behaviour
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
on one's best behavior 行为得体
mind one's behavior 注意行为
behave well/ badly to/ towards sb. 对待某人好/ 差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
well-behaved 优雅的
badly-behaved 行为粗鲁的/ 不雅的
练习：He has a good ___________.
4. whisper
词性：____________ 意思：_____________
whisper sth. to sb. 小声对某人说某事
It is whispered that… 有人私下说……（有人暗中说）……
in a whisper = in whispers = in a low voice 耳语地；低声地
练习：He talked to me in a ___________.
5. pass away
意思：_____________
pass by 经过
pass through 穿过
pass around 传开
pass sth. on to sb. 把某物传递给某人
练习：His father _____________ last month.
6. on the way
意思：_____________
by the way 顺便提一下
in the/ one's way 挡着……的路，妨碍
under way 在进行中，已经开始
in no way 决不（位于句首时，句子要部分倒装）
in a way/ in one way/ in some ways 在某种程度上，不完全地
by way of 经由；路经
out of the way 不再碍事，不再挡路
all the way 一路上，自始至终
练习：You are _____________________ to recovery.
阅读探究
Underline the writer's memories of her grandma.
句型梳理
1.（教材P59）We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, followed by Christmas pudding.
我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃塞有土豆的大火鸡，随后又吃圣诞布丁。
followed by Christmas pudding为过去分词短语作状语。
过去分词（短语）作状语
过去分词（短语）作状语的具体用法如下：
状语类型：让步、条件、方式、原因、时间、伴随
时态：分词动作一般发生在谓语动作之前
语态特征：构成分词的动词与其逻辑主语为动宾关系
主语一致：作状语的过去分词的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语
与从句的转换：作方式状语或伴随状语时一般可转换为并列分句，其他情况下通常可转换为相应的状语从句
Given more time, we could do it much better.
多给我们点时间，我们会做得好得多。
Faced with such great difficulty, we should always keep calm.
当我们面对如此大的困难时，我们应该一直保持冷静。
Caught in the heavy rain, he had a high fever.
由于淋了大雨，他发高烧了。
He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards.
他匆忙走向大厅，身后跟着两个卫兵。
注意：
分词作状语时，是用动词的现在分词形式还是过去分词形式，取决于该动词与主语之间的逻辑关系。若为逻辑上的主谓关系，则用动词的现在分词形式；若为逻辑上的动宾关系，则用过去分词形式。
Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园更加美丽。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，这个公园看起来更加美丽。
2.（教材P59）David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow.
大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。
句中"so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow"是"so...that…"结构。
"so…that…"结构的用法
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，so后通常跟形容词或副词，其具体形式如下：
so＋形容词/ 副词＋that…
so＋形容词＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋that…
so＋many/ few+可数名词复数＋that…
so＋much/ little+不可数名词＋that…
It was so noisy in the hall that we couldn't hear what the tour guide said.
大厅里如此吵闹，以至于我们听不见导游说的话。
It is so good a film that I'd like to see it again.
这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。
There were so few guests that the host felt very sad.
宾客如此少，主人感到很伤心。
There was so much snow on the road that the cars couldn't move fast.
路上雪太多，小汽车不能跑快。
"such…that…"也表示“如此……以至于……”，但such修饰名词，其具体形式如下：
such＋a(n) ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that…
such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that…
such＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋that…
It is such a heavy box that I can't lift it. =It is so heavy a box that I can't lift it.
箱子如此重以至于我抬不起来。
It is such good weather that I would like to have a walk.
天气很好，我想去散步。
注意：
① little 表示“少”时用so修饰，但表示“小”时用such修饰。
② 在"so…that…"和"such…that…"结构中，当"so/ such…"位于句首时，其所在的句子要部分倒装。
3.（教材P59）When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.
每当我思考到底是什么使得圣诞如此有魔力时，我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。
"it's not just…to mind"为强调句，在此句中not just gifts and Father Christmas是被强调部分。
强调句型
强调句型的基本结构是：It＋is/ was＋被强调部分＋that/ who+其他
该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语和定语。
学习强调句型时需要注意以下几点：
（1）强调句型中的it本身没有词义，但不能用其他词代替。
（2）被强调部分指人时用that和who均可，其他情况一律用that.
It was John that/ who I met in the library this morning.
今天上午我在图书馆里遇到的人是约翰。
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居。
（3）被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，it后的be动词均用单数形式，即is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定。属于现在或将来时间范畴的时态，用is；属于过去时间范畴的时态，用was。
It is Jack who loves football most.
最喜爱足球的人是杰克。
It was Alice and her friend who sent the old man to the hospital.
是艾丽斯和她的朋友把那位老人送到了医院。
（4）被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/ that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。
It is you that/ who are too careless.
是你太粗心了。
（5）强调主语或宾语且主语或宾语为人称代词时，应注意主语或宾语的形式仍用主格或宾格形式。
It was he that/ who helped me yesterday.
昨天是他帮助了我。
It was me that/ who he helped yesterday.
昨天他帮助的人是我。
强调句型的特殊形式：
① 一般疑问句式：
Is/ Was it＋被强调部分＋that/ who＋其他？
② 特殊疑问句式：
疑问词＋is/ was＋it that＋其他？（强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语时，要用陈述句语序）
③ not until 强调句式
It is/ was not until…＋that＋其他
语法解析
语法：动词词组
1. v.＋adv.
（1）一般不跟宾语
go ahead 前进，继续
fall behind 落后
get up 起床
lie down 躺下
go up 上升
run out 用完，耗尽
give in让步，投降
stay up 熬夜
（2）可以跟宾语
put out 扑灭
carry out 实施，执行
give up 放弃
wake up 叫醒，醒来
check in 登记；报到；记录
eat up 吃光，吃完
find out 找出；查明
hand in 上交
turn down将（音量）调小；拒绝
注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以；若宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。
We've decided to put the meeting off ( = put off the meeting) .
我们决定推迟会议。
We've decided to put it off.
我们决定推迟它。（不用 put off it）
2. v.＋prep.
ask for 索要；询问
care for 喜爱；照顾
deal with 处理，应付
look for 寻找
call on 号召；拜访；请求
3. v.＋adv.＋prep.
look forward to 期待，盼望
put up with 容忍，忍受
look up to 尊敬
get along with 与……相处
date back to 追溯到
look down on 轻视，瞧不起
keep up with 跟上
run out of 用完，花光
She soon caught up with us.
她很快就赶上了我们。
We should keep up with the times.
我们应该与时俱进。
Researchers say that they have come up with a low-cost device.
研究员们说他们已研发出一种低成本装置。
4. v.＋n.＋prep.
take care of 照顾
pay attention to 注意……
make use of 利用
make contributions to 为……做贡献
Qian Xuesen made great contributions to our motherland.
钱学森为我们的祖国做出了重大贡献。
Take good care of my pet dog when I am away.
当我离开时，照顾好我的宠物狗。
练习：
1. Can you tell me how the things come ___________
2. A helicopter is able to take ___________ and land straight up or down.
3. She came ___________ some old photographs in a drawer.
4. Nothing can make ___________ for what they have suffered.
5. We can't afford to fall ___________ our competitors.
6. You must make sure ___________ the time and place.
7. The question is bound to come ___________ at the meeting.
8. The farmers took ___________ the lost travelers for the night.
9. He really fell ___________ the new girl in school.
10. So many young men want to take ___________ writing.
答案
知识运用
1. mess 2. patience 3. bahaviour 4. whisper 5. passed away 6. on the way
阅读探究
·Granny made an effort to help the writer write a letter to Father Christmas.
·Granny and the writer made sugar biscuits and stuffed the turkey.
·The writer sat on her granny's lap and sang Christmas songs. Granny had patience to sing it over and over again.
·Granny and the writer left a plate of sugar biscuits out for Father Christmas, and put a stocking at the end of the writer's bed.
·Granny sat on the writer's bed and sang softly.
·Granny gave the writer a music box with a ballet dancer inside.
·Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell off.
语法解析
1. about 2. off 3. across 4. up 5. behind
6. of 7. up 8. in 9. for 10. up
2