(共65张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section A TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
素养导航 明目标
语言 能力 必背 单词 enable convenience effect addicted recommendation explore admit selection
concern ensure press favour
harm argument replace concentrate
focus accessible
重点 短语 be addicted to a variety of subscribe to
be concerned with in addition focus on
核心语法 过去将来时、复合词
主题写作 如何写好个人简介
文化 意识 了解科技对文化的影响
古代的艺术数字化
思维 品质 感受网络带来的便利
重视网络的负面影响
用辩证的思维去对待网络
学习 能力 熟练运用本单元词汇以及句式
学会用正确的态度对待网络
目 录 索 引
Part 1 Reading comprehension
Part 2 Language points
Part 3 Grammar
Part 1 Reading comprehension
第一步 速读课文 理清脉络
Activity 1 What is the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce the definition of avatars.
B.To express yourself using pictures.
C.To introduce the history of avatars.
D.To introduce some information about avatars.
√
Activity 2 阅读教材课文,匹配段落大意。
Para.1. A.Attitudes towards avatars differ.
Para.2. B.People can use avatars to express themselves.
Para.3. C.Avatars represent the personalities of the users.
Para.4. D.There are a variety of avatars for users to choose.
Para.5. E.An avatar is a digital image that represents an Internet user.
Para.6. F.First appearing in the 1980s,avatars had been used in web
chats by the late 1990s.
第二步 精读课文 领悟细节
Activity 3 阅读教材课文,选择正确答案。
1.Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3
A.Avatars can express a different self.
B.People may have no more than one avatar.
C.People may choose a friendly avatar for work.
D.People usually choose a silly avatar for meeting people.
2.If your avatar is a laughing monkey,it usually shows .
A.you are an interesting person
B.you like relaxing and having fun
C.you are tall,young and nice-looking
D.you have the same personalities as monkeys
√
√
Activity 4 思考分享 提升思维
1.Why do people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life
The answer is open.
2.How should we use avatars in a safer and healthier way on the Internet Any suggestions
The answer is open.
Activity 5 诵读佳句 学练写作
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the usage of avatars.
(1)Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity.
(2)Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality.
(3)The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the concerns about using avatars.
(1)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
(2)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online.
第三步 深读课文 融会提能
Activity 6 课文语篇填空
Avatars
The definition of an avatar Avatars are digital 1. that you use to represent yourself online.
The history of avatars The first simple avatars appeared in role-playing computer games 2. and by the late 1990s they had been used in web chats.
identities
in the 1980s
Avatars
The purposes of using avatars People started creating their own avatars to express themselves and avatars give people lots of room for 3. .Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look 4. like them and act like them.People can choose an avatar from a 5. of ready-made images,or create their own images.
The views about avatars Some users worry that they are spending so much time in
6. that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.The use of several avatars can also be a risk,as people can use avatars to 7. others online. However,many people see avatars 8. .
creativity
more or less
selection
virtual worlds
cheat
in a more positive light
Activity 7 长难句分析
引导时间状语从句 引导宾语从句
1.When people started creating their own avatars,they discovered that they were going to havethe power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
引导定语从句,修饰new identities
当人们开始创设自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现自己将有能力创设新的身份,这种身份在相貌和行为上可以与真正的自我完全不同。
that引导宾语从句 so...that结构,that引导结果状语从句
2.Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间,以至于变得害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
Part 2 Language points
重点单词
基础落实 必备知识全过关
必记写作词汇
1. vt.使可能,使发生
2. n.方便,便利
3. n.效应;影响
4. n.影响;作用
5. adj.对……着迷的;沉迷的
6. vt.探究;探讨;探险
7. vi.& vt.承认
8. n.闹钟
enable
convenience
effect
impact
addicted
explore
admit
alarm
9. vt.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗
10. n.多样化,变化
11. adj.朴素实用的;明智的,合理的
12. vi.& vt.做试验,进行试验 n.实验
13. adv.现今,现时
14. n.供选择的同类物品;选择
15. n.担忧,忧虑 vt.与……有关;使担心
16. vt.欺骗;欺诈
17. vt.看,把……视为
trick
variety
sensible
experiment
nowadays
selection
concern
cheat
view
识记阅读词汇
18.self-focused adj.
19.indeed adv.
20.download vt.
21.super adj.
22.avatar n.
23.image n.
24.fancy adj.
25.identity n.
26.sex n.
27.blog n.
vi.
以自我为中心的;关注自我的
确实;当然
下载
极好的,了不起的
(网络上代表个人的)头像,虚拟替身,图标
图像;形象
花哨的;别致的
身份;特征
性别
博客;网络日志
写博客
28.hairstyle n.
29.type vi.& vt.
n.
30.virtual adj.
发型,发式
打;打字
类型,种类
虚拟的;模拟的
串记拓展词汇
31. n.个性,性格
→ adj.个人的;私人的
32. n.创造力;独创性
→ vt.创造
33. adv.显而易见地,明显地
→ adj.明显的
personality
personal
creativity
create
obviously
obvious
【掌握构词规律 快速记牢单词】
后缀-ity可与形容词或形容词词根相缀合,构成名词,表示具有某种特征的状态、性质或事实。除了与单纯的形容词或词根相结合,-ity还经常加在某些带形容词后缀的单词上。所以,常常可以看到“形容词后缀+-ity”的复合形式,如-acity,-ality,-anity,-arity,-ability(=-able+-ity),-ibility(=-ible+-ity),
-idity,-ility(=-ile+-ity),-ivity(=-ive+-ity)等。如:
disable→disability n.无能力,伤残
electric→electricity n.电
equal→equality n.平等
major→majority n.大多数
重点短语
1.more or less
2.experiment with
3.act like
4. 沉迷
5. 各种各样的
6. 期待
或多或少
用……做实验
表现得像……
be addicted to
a variety of
look forward to
基础词汇——语境记忆
要点探究 能力素养全提升
1.impact n.影响;作用
【佳句背诵】Her speech made a profound impact on everyone.[人物介绍]
她的讲话对每个人都有深远的影响。
2.experiment vi.& vt.做试验,进行实验
n.实验
【佳句背诵】Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals. [动物保护]
许多人不赞成在动物身上做试验。
高频词汇——讲练互动
1.enable v.使可能,使发生;使能够
enable sth促成某事
enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事
the ability to do sth做某事的能力
相似词语
adj./n. v.
sure确定的 ensure确保
courage勇气 encourage鼓励;给以勇气
danger危险 endanger使遭到危险;危及
rich丰富的;富有的 enrich使丰富
large大的 enlarge扩大
able有能力的;能够 enable使能够
【佳句背诵】This kind of software enables you to download a film in seconds.[科学技术]
这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可下载一部电影。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)By taking part in these activities,students show their ability (get) on with others.
(2)Hobbies may enable you (make) many friends.
(3)听音乐能使我们感到放松。
Listening to music relaxed.
to get
to make
enables us to feel
2.convenience n.方便,便利;有用、有益或适宜的安排、用具或设施
(1)for convenience为方便起见
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
(2)convenient adj.方便的
inconvenient adj.不方便的
be convenient for sb/sth对某人/物是方便的
It is convenient for sb to do sth.做某事对某人来说是方便的。
【佳句背诵】The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for the applicants to have an interview.[求职应聘]
秘书为求职者们安排了一个方便的时间和地点进行面试。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Can you telephone me your convenience to arrange a meeting
(2)It was a great (convenient) to have the school so near.
(3)It is convenient (travel) by car.
(4)你什么时候方便就什么时候来看我。
Come and see me whenever .
at
convenience
to travel
it is convenient for you
3.effect n.效应;影响
(1)have a side effect on...对……有副作用
have no effect on...对……没有影响
have a(n)...effect on...对……有……的影响
of no effect无效
(2)effective adj.有效的
affect v.影响;感动
【佳句背诵】The medicine is an effective cure for a headache.[医疗健康]
这种药治头痛疗效很好。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换/单句写作
(1)The meeting has been held to discuss the effects of tourism the wildlife in the area.
(2)Her opinion will not affect my decision.
→Her opinion will my decision.
(3)含酒精的饮料对你的身体有害。
Alcoholic drink can your body.
(4)在国外的经历对他的影响很大。
The experience in the foreign countries him.
(5)这种药对我没有任何效果。
This kind of medicine me.
on
have no effect on
have a bad effect on
had a great effect on
has no effect on
4.addicted adj.对……着迷的;沉迷的
(1)be addicted to沉迷于……
(2)addict n.对……入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人
【佳句背诵】He is a video game addict.[个人介绍]
他是个电子游戏迷。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作/翻译句子
(1)She says she’s unable to give up smoking;she’s completely
(addict).
(2)你不应该沉迷于网络游戏。
You shouldn’t online games.
(3)Football addicts everywhere will be watching today’s match.
(4)She’s addicted to soap operas.
addicted
be addicted to
各地的足球迷都会观看今天的比赛。
她迷上了肥皂剧。
5.recommendation n.推荐,建议;推荐信,推荐书
(1)on one’s recommendation根据某人的建议/推荐
(2)recommend vt.推荐,介绍;建议,劝告
recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物
recommend sb to do sth=recommend (that) sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth建议做某事
【佳句背诵】I borrowed the book The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to me.[个人经历]
上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯探案集》,这本书是我同学推荐给我的。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam (be) at the age of six months old.
(2)I recommend (buy) this dictionary.
(3)I recommend you (buy) this dictionary.
(4)Teachers recommend parents (not allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
(5)The best way of finding a solicitor is through personal
(recommend).
(6)你能给我推荐一本好小说吗
Can you me
(should) be
buying
to buy/(should) buy
not to allow/should not allow/not allow
recommendation
recommend a good novel to
6.explore v.探究;探索,探险
(1)explore for勘探
(2)explorer n.探险者;勘探员
exploration n.勘探;探索
【佳句背诵】The North Sea has been an important centre for oil exploration. [自然资源]
北海已成为重要的石油勘探中心。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译词组
(1)It’s a great challenge for scientists (explore) the moon.
(2)Some geologists are exploring gold.
(3)The ocean hasn’t been fully (explore).
(4)Human beings are more interested in space (explore).
(5)oil exploration
(6)underwater exploration
(7)the exploration of space
to explore
for
explored
exploration
石油勘探
水下勘探
宇宙/太空探索
7.admit v.承认;准许进入(或加入)
(1)admit (to) doing sth/admit (to) having done sth 承认做某事
be admitted into/to被允许进入
(2)admission n.承认;入场费;允许进入
【佳句背诵】I viewed her silence as an admission of guilt.[人物描述]
我将她的沉默视为认罪。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He admitted (break) the window.
(2)Through his hard work,he was admitted Peking University last year.
(3)Only ticket-holders will (admit) into the stadium.
(4)Hospital (admit) is not necessary in most cases.
(5)六岁以下的儿童不允许入学。
Children under six schools.
breaking/having broken
to/into
be admitted
admission
are not admitted to/into
8.alarm n.闹钟;警报器;警报;恐慌 v.使害怕;使警觉
alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
alarmed adj.害怕的;担心的
【佳句背诵】She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.[心理描写]
她一想到独自出行的情景就害怕。
【即学即练】用alarm的适当形式填空/单句写作
(1)There is an increase in violent crime.
(2)Prison authorities have become by the number of prisoners trying to escape.
(3)热带雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。
The rainforests are disappearing .
(4)每栋房子里都应该有一个火警报警器。
There should be in every house.
alarming
alarmed
at an alarming rate
a fire alarm
9.trick v.欺骗,诱骗,哄骗 n.诀窍;窍门;恶作剧
(1)trick sb out of sth欺骗某人某物
trick sb into doing sth欺骗某人去做某事
(2)play a trick/tricks on sb和某人开玩笑;戏弄某人
【佳句背诵】Mia realized her trick had rebounded on her.[人物描写]
米娅意识到她的伎俩反而害了自己。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)I was tricked believing his story.
(2)如果斯蒂芬发现你是如何欺骗他的,他会非常失望。
Stephen is going to be pretty upset when he finds out how .
(3)那个淘气的男孩喜欢戏弄他的同学们。
The naughty boy likes his classmates.
(4)他们欺骗那位老人买了那个无用的机器。
They the useless machine.
(5)你能告诉我制作这些可口的蛋糕的窍门吗
Could you tell me making such tasty cakes
into
you tricked him
playing tricks on
tricked the old man into buying
the trick of
10.variety n.多样化,变化
(1)a variety of各种各样的
(2)various adj.各种各样的
vary v.变化;使不同
vary in sth在……方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
vary from...to...从……到……变化
【佳句背诵】We all need variety in our food.[饮食健康]
我们的饮食需要多样化。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)We have (variety) summer camps for your holidays;you can choose one based on your own interest.
(2)If you come to visit China,you will experience a culture of amazing depth and (various).
(3)The prices vary 10 yuan 100 yuan.
(4)These shoes vary size and color.
(5)She took the job for a variety of reasons.
→She took the job for reasons.
(6)This tool can be used in various ways.
→This tool can be used in ways.
various
variety
from
to
in
various
a variety of
11.selection n.供选择的同类物品;选择
select vt.选择;挑选
【佳句背诵】We left the selection of the team members to the captain.[学校生活]
我们把挑选队员的工作交给了队长。
【即学即练】用select的适当形式填空
(1)These are from ten thousand.
(2)He taught us how seeds.
(3)He lets his daughter her own birthday present.
selections
to select
select
12.concern n.担忧,忧虑 v.与……有关;使担心
(1)show concern for对……关注
as far as sb/sth be concerned就……而言;在……看来
be concerned about/for sth担心;关心
(2)concerning prep.关于
【佳句背诵】As the world’s population continues to grow,more and more people show concern for the supply of food.[社会生活]
随着世界人口的持续增加,越来越多的人对食物供应表示关注。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)More and more people are showing concern the safety of school buses.
(2)We are all concerned her safety.
(3)As far as I’m (concern),I disagree with his idea.
(4)He is reading a report (concern) the earthquake.
(5)His greatest concern is the economy of China.
(6)This matter concerns all of you.
for
about/for
concerned
concerning
他最关心的是中国的经济。
这件事情跟你们所有人都有关系。
13.cheat v.欺骗;作弊 n.骗子;欺骗行为
cheat sb (out) of sth (尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段)阻止某人得到某物
cheat的近义词是trick
【佳句背诵】Don’t be tempted to cheat—you’ll never get away with it.[学校生活]
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)They felt (cheat) by the young man.
(2)The students declared themselves against (cheat).
(3)She cheated the old man out his money.
(4)我宁愿考不及格,也不愿意考试作弊。
I would rather fail than .
cheated
cheating
of
cheat in examination
14.view v.看待;视为;观看 n.视野;景色;看法
view...as...把……视为……
be viewed as被视为
in view of鉴于;由于
in one’s view在某人看来
get/have a good view of...饱览……的景色
【佳句背诵】From the top of the tower you will have a good view of the city.
[风景描写]
从塔顶上你可以饱览城市的景色。
【即学即练】一词多义/单句写作
(1)His view of life is different from yours.
(2)The view of the countryside is amazing.
(3)How do you view your position in the company
(4)People came from all over the world to view her work.
(5)I have a good view of the stage from where I am sitting.
(6)在我看来,他是个傻瓜。
,he is a fool.
(7)考虑到身体不好,他想要早点退休。
his poor health,he wants to retire early.
观点
景色
看待
观看
视野
In my view
In view of
多义词汇——自主练透
Ⅰ.一词多义
trick
A.n.诡计;戏法;花招;骗术;诀窍;技巧;技艺
B.vt.欺骗,欺诈;诈骗
①Have you found any tricks to solve these problems
②The boy found it useless to fool his parents with the old trick.
③When the enemy knew they’d been tricked,it was so late that they were beaten completely.
④He tricked his way into her home by pretending to be a policeman.
A
A
B
B
Ⅱ.教材熟词生义
1.explore
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. The children have gone exploring in the jungle.
生义 v. Columbus discovered the Americas but did not explore the new continent.
v. He explored the wound with his finger,trying to establish its extent.
探险
考察;勘探;探测
探查
2.fancy
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. At the foot of the mountain,the couple built a fancy cottage where they lived a peaceful life.
生义 adj. Even today Sandy can still remember the special day when her mother bought her a fancy cake.
v. She didn’t fancy the idea of going home in the dark.
别致的
优质的;高档的
喜爱
重点句式——多维剖析
过去分词短语作后置定语
【教材原句】These digital identities,known as avatars,are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.
这些数字身份被称为虚拟形象,是人们使用互联网交流和表达自己的重要部分。
(1)known as avatars在此句中作后置定语,前后都有逗号,其意义相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
(2)若过去分词短语作后置定语且前后没有逗号时,则相当于一个限制性定语从句。
【佳句背诵】The concert given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.[音乐艺术]
该交响乐团举行的音乐会大为成功。
【即学即练】单句语法填空/同义句转换
(1)The meeting (hold) last Sunday was a success.
(2)Hangzhou, (know) for its West Lake, has changed greatly.
(3)The book,which was written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
→The book, in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
held
known
written
Part 3 Grammar
情景导入
过去将来时
阅读下面短文,体会句中黑体部分的用法。
Several days ago, I came to London for a business meeting.My nephew Jordan is studying in Oxford University.Originally, I wasn’t going to see him until the meeting was over.But he called to say he wanted to meet me as soon as possible.As a result, we met each other in a restaurant last night.Jordan told me that a big company would offer him a position as soon as he graduated, which surprised me a lot.I thought it would give a great surprise to his parents too.Jordan also told me that he would take part in the coming basketball match to be held in his university that weekend and invited me to watch it.I accepted his invitation happily and said I would go there to cheer him on.
【语法感悟】
过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看,将要发生的动作或存在的状态;过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。
语法精讲
一、用法
1.表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情
He said that he would come to pay you a visit.他说他要来拜访你。
She hoped that they would meet again some day.
她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。
2.表示过去的某种习惯性行为
Whenever we had trouble,he would come to help us.
每当我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
When I was young,I would listen to the radio for a whole day whenever I was not in the mood.我年轻的时候,每当心情不好时就会听一整天的收音机。
二、表示过去将来时的几种结构
1.would/should+动词原形,常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。would用于所有人称,should只用于第一人称。
I said I should learn French this year.
我说过我今年应该学习法语。
She told us that she would not go with us,if it rained.
她告诉我们,如果下雨的话她就不和我们一起去了。
2.was/were going to do表示准备、计划做某事,或将要发生某事
There was going to be a thunderstorm.
将要有雷雨。
I was going to invite her to the party.
我要邀请她去派对。
3.was/were about to do表示“正要,即将”
She was about to be sent to a seaside town.
她正要被派往一座海滨小城。
He was about to say something more,but then stopped.
他还想说几句,但却止住了。
4.was/were due to do表示“定于(某时做某事)”
He was due to graduate in July.
他将于七月份毕业。
The ship was due to leave at midnight.
船定于午夜起航。
5.go,come,leave,take off等少数动词(短语)可用过去进行时,表示过去将要发生的情况
They said they were leaving for Egypt soon.
他们说他们不久就要动身去埃及。
She told her mother that she was going to a ball with Jim.
她告诉母亲,她要同吉姆一起去参加一个舞会。
A lot of my friends were coming to watch the fireworks.
我的很多朋友要来观看烟花。
We were told that the plane was taking off in ten minutes.
我们被告知飞机十分钟后就要起飞了。
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1)She told him that she (not stay) here for long.
(2)The scientists said the world’s population (grow) slowly in the future.
(3)I (see) Mr Brown the next day,but the appointment was cancelled.
(4)He was about (leave) when someone knocked at the door of his office.
(5)He hoped his wife (come) soon.
wouldn’t stay
would grow
was going to see
to leave
was coming
本 课 结 束